End of Term Exam

Academic Session 2022 – 23

Subject: SCIENCE Class: VII

Term II– Revision Pack

Please note that this Revision pack has been devised for the End of Term 2 Exam 2023 as an additional
resource pack for the learners’ reference and further support along with all the revision activities
conducted at school. This pack has been designed as a compilation of reference material from
curriculum objectives & some tasks for practice to supplement students’ learning.

The students can use this revision pack at their own pace and convenience, however, if there are any
questions about using the resource pack or would like additional support related to the concepts
provided, please do reach out to the teachers.

We wish Good luck to all our learners for the End of Year Examination and thank parents & teachers
fortheir continued partnership and support.
 STUDY GUIDE- SCIENCE
YEAR 7
UNIT 5: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
5.1 Metals and non-metals:
Properties of metals:
1. They are strong and tough.
2. They are shiny when they are freshly cut or polished
3. They are malleable- can be hammered into shape.
4. They are ductile- can be drawn out into wires.
5. They are sonorous- make sound like a bell when they are hit.
6. They have a high melting point.
7. Good conductors of heat. When you touch them, they conduct heat energy away
from the hand so they feel cold.
8. Some are magnetic- Iron, nickel, cobalt
9. Good conductors of electricity.
• Properties of non-metals
1. Looks dull and do not reflect light.
2. Surface is not smooth as metals.
3. Brittle- they can easily shatter.
4. Do not conduct heat energy well- can be used to make handles for cooking pans
5. Most non-metals do not conduct electricity- can be used as insulators as
coverings for electrical plugs.
6. Many non-metals are gases.
7. The non-metals that are not gases have low melting and boiling points.
Non-metals Uses
Sulfur Added to rubber to make it hard
Pure oxygen Used in hospitals for breathing purposes
Helium To fill balloons
Silicon To make computer chips
Carbon To purify water and to treat indigestion
Chlorine To kill bacteria in water and in swimming
pools

5.2 Comparing Metals and Non-metals

5.3 Metal Mixtures

Alloys
• Metal mixtures are called alloys.
• It is made by mixing different metals together and melting them.
• The atoms of different metals mix together but do not bond with each other.
• The properties of an alloy will be different from the metals they contain.

When force is applied, layers

slide over one another.
 The atoms of an alloy cannot
slide past each other easily.
They get stuck in a place.
This makes alloy a lot harder
and stronger than the original
metal.

Alloys Metals Properties and uses

Bronze Copper + Tin Less ductile than copper, hard, brittle, good
conductor of electricity, not corrosive, used in
sculptures, ship fittings, bells, electrical
connectors
Brass Copper + Zinc Less ductile than copper, conducts heat well, not
corrosive, used in musical instruments, plumbing
Silver Copper + Silver coins, strong, malleable, not hardwearing
Nickel easily
Pure gold Copper + Gold Strong, shiny
Duralumin Copper + Stronger than aluminium, able to withstand the
Magnesium great stress during flight, used in making
aeroplanes
Steel Iron + Carbon Buildings, cutlery
Nitinol Nickel + Modern alloys, If bent can return back to original
Titanium shape- used in making glass frames

5.4 Using the properties of materials to separate mixtures

Mixture: It contains different substances

that are not combined together chemically.
Separating Mixtures
Coper sulfate and water Evaporation
Food dye and water Evaporation and condensation-Heat
both the liquids- Water evaporates-
collected using condenser- food dye
remains in the heated containers
Iron filings and sulfur Magnetic separation
Sandy, salty water Filtration using filter paper,
Evaporation

5.5 Acids and Akalis

Hazard Warning Lables

ACIDS
1) Strong, corrosive, irritates your skin
and eyes, can dissolve your skin if it
gets into your skin, chemical burns.
2) Can be diluted with water but are
still harmful.
3) Eg: Food having sour , sharp, tangy
taste like lemons, lime- contains citric
acid.
ALKALI
1) Strong alkali can be dangerous and
corrosive, If strong alkali gets into your
skin it can dissolve your skin, can get a
chemical burn.
2) Can be diluted with water, makes
them less dangerous.
3) Most cleaning products are alkali-
Sodium hydroxide

5.6 Indicators and pH Scale

Indicator is a substance that

turns different colors when
added to an acid or an alkali.
▸ Examples of Indicators:
▸ Red cabbage
▸ Beetroot
▸ Turmeric
▸ China Rose

Indicators Changes
Red Cabbage ▸ Red in acids
▸ Blue in water/Neutral
▸ Yellow in Alkali

Litmus ▸ Red in acids

▸ Blue in alkali
▸ Purple in water/ Neutral
 Litmus, red cabbage and other indicators just show if a substance is
either an acid or an alkali. UNIVERSAL INDICATIORS show how
acidic or how alkaline a substance is.

The strength of acid and alkalis is measured on the pH scale.

Universal indicators changes color and shows the pH of a substance.
The pH of a substance is one of the chemical properties of that
substance.

UNIT 6 EARTH PHYSICS

6.1 Sound Waves
• Sounds are made when things vibrate- moving back and forth.
• Sound does not travel in vacuum.
• Pitch= How high or low a sound is?
• High Pitch- If an object vibrates fast. Eg: small bell
• Low pitch- If an object vibrates slow. Eg: large drum
• Sound vary in both loudness and pitch.
• Sound Waves- When sound travels from a vibrating object to our ears, it is
called as a sound wave.
What makes a sound wave?

When an object vibrates, it moves back and forth.

Everytime the object vibrates forward, the air in front

of the object gets pushed forward.

The particles in the air vibrate back and forth.

The particles in the air vibrate back and forth.

When particles in front of the object vibrate, those

particles makes other particles vibrate. This is how a
sound wave is formed.

6.2 Reflections of Sound

• Reflection of sound is like bouncing a ball- the wave comes back off the
wall.
• The reflection of sound is called as an Echo.
• Sound waves reflects best from- large, smooth, flat surfaces. Eg: Tiles, flat
metal, smooth concrete
• Echoes can be useful- Bats use echoes to find insects for food; Boats can
use echoes to find the depth of the water.
• The distance traveled by the sound is double the distance from the object
making the sound to the reflecting surface.
• Unwanted Echoes: When recording music, echoes change the sound.
• A room with large flat walls would give many echoes.
 6.3 Structure of Earth

• Earth’s crust is made of tectonic plates

• These tectonic plates move slowly on the liquid rock called magma.
• This is how continental drift happens.

6.4 Changes in the Earth

• The places where tectonic plates meet are called plate boundaries.
• Most geologic changes happen at plate boundaries.

• Fold Mountains: When tectonic plates move together, the rocks crumple
and fold upwards. Can happen under the ocean or on land.
• Volcanoes: Formed at the plate boundaries when magma from the mantle
rises up through cracks in the Earth’s crust. Volcanoes can be Active,
Inactive, Extinct volcanoes.
6.5 Solar and Lunar Eclipses

•
UNIT 7 MICROORGANISMS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
7.1 Microorganisms
• It is a living organism so small that we can only see it when we use a microscope.
• They are made up of cells.
• Different types of Microorganisms are: Bacteria, Fungi, Virus, Algae, Protozoa
Bacteria:
• Found everywhere
• Single celled
• Cells are much smaller than human cells.
Microscopic Fungi:
• Eg: Yeast which helps in making food, Mushrooms, toadstools
Single celled algae and Protozoa:
• Algae: Plant like organisms
• Protozoa: Animal like organisms
7.2 Food Chains and webs

7.3 Microorganisms and decay

7.4 Microorganisms in food web

• A substance that has been made from living organisms is called as organic matter.
• Microorganism can break down organic matter. They can make it decay.
Decomposers feed on almost every organism after it dies.
• Decay by microorganisms can be both useful and harmful(nuisance).

UNIT 8: CHANGES TO MATERIALS

8.1 Simple Chemical Reactions
Features of Physical and Chemical Properties
PHYSICAL PPOPERTIES CHEMICAL PPOPERTIES
What colour it is How acidic or alkaline it is
If it is a solid, liquid or gas How it reacts with water, acids or
metals
What its boiling or melting How readily it reacts
temperature is
If it is heavy or light

Eg: IRON
Physical Property: It is grey, heavy solid with a melting point of
15380C.
Chemical Property: It combines with sulfur when heated to form
iron sulfide. It combines with oxygen to form iron oxide or rust.
Iron + Sulfur = Iron Sulfide
Iron + Oxygen = Iron Oxide

Eg: Hydrochloric Acid

Physical Property: It is a colourless liquid.
Chemical Property: It has a pH of 2.
PHYSICAL CHANGES CHEMICAL CHANGES
1) No new substances are formed. 1) New substances are formed
2) It is reversible 2) It is irreversible
3) Eg: Freezing, boiling 3) Eg: Iron + Sulfur = Iron Sulfide

REACTANTS PRODUCTS
1) Substances that react together or the 1) The new substances that are made in the
substances that are in the beginning of reaction.
the reaction.
Eg: Iron and sulfur when heated together, it forms iron sulfide.
Reactants= Iron and sulfur
Products= Iron Sulfide

When magnesium metal is burnt, a white powder is formed called as magnesium

oxide.
Magnesium + Oxygen= Magnesium Oxide

Reactions with Water

Potassium reacts with water releasing hydrogen gas. This reaction produces so
much heat that the gas burns.

Reactions with acids

When magnesium is placed in hydrochloric acid, hydrogen gas and magnesium
chloride are formed.
Magnesium + hydrochloric acid= Magnesium chloride + hydrogen
Test to find out formation of hydrogen gas
1. Light a splint and place it in the mouth of the test tube.
2. Hydrogen gas burns with a squeaky pop
3. When hydrogen pops, it is reacting with oxygen in the air, to
form water.

8.2 Neutralisation

• Acids and alkali can cancel out each other. When an acid and alkali are
mixed, they react together and makes a neutral solution. This is called
neutralization.
• Eg: Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide = Sodium chloride + water
• Neutrality of a substance is a chemical property of that substance.
• If you add too much of an acid to an alkali, it makes an acidic liquid. If you
add too little acid to an alkali, it stays as an alkaline liquid.
 Making a neutral solution
1) Add universal indicator to the alkali
in the flask.
2) Acids are slowly added to this using a
burette to neutralize it.

8.4 Detecting Chemical reactions.

A process in which one or more substances are changed into an another
substance is called aa a chemical reaction.
How do we know a chemical reaction has happened? Evidence of a chemical
reaction? What happens in a chemical reaction?
1) A gas is given off. 4) Heat is produced
2) Reactant disappears 5) Change in pH
3) Change in colour 6) Formation of a precipitate
1) Gas is given off
Eg: Magnesium + Hydrochloric acid = Magnesium chloride + Hydrogen

Eg: Baking powder + Vinegar = carbon dioxide gas

Eg: Apple in hydrogen peroxide, oxygen gas is given off.

2) Reactant disappears
Eg: When magnesium ribbon reacts with acid, hydrogen is produced and
magnesium ribbon disappears. The magnesium is used up in the reaction. It
combines with chlorine from hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride.

3) Change in colour
Eg: Copper oxide(Black0 + sulfuric acid = copper sulfate (blue) + water

4) Heat is produced
Eg: Potassium + Water = Hydrogen gas given off which releases so much heat
that burns the hydrogen

5) Change in pH
Eg: Neutralisation reaction
Sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid = sodium chloride + water

6) Formation of a precipitate
A solid that is formed when 2 substances are mixed is called as a precipitate.
Eg: Silver nitrate + calcium chloride = silver chloride (solid precipitate) +
calcium nitrate

Testing gases
Test for carbon dioxide: Add lime water. If carbon dioxide is present, it turns
cloudy.
Test for oxygen: Use a glowing splint at the mouth of the test tube. If oxygen is
present, it will relight.
 Test for hydrogen:
Light a splint and place it in the mouth of the test tube.
1. Hydrogen gas burns with a squeaky pop
2. When hydrogen pops, it is reacting with oxygen in the air, to form water.

UNIT 9: ELECTRICITY

Current: Flow of electrons. Measured in units called Ampere.

Voltage: Strength of electricity. Measured in units called Volts.
Electrons have a negative charge. Opposite charges attract, and like charges
repel.
• Draw a Circuit with 3V cell, open switch and a light bulb. (Practice more of
these)
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 5: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 5.6A
Acids, alkalis and indicators
Match each of the five words with its description or definition.

changes colour to show if a solution is an

acid
acid or an alkali

indicator neither acid nor alkali

alkali turns litmus red

neutral can destroy living tissue

corrosive turns litmus blue

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 11
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 5: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 5.6C
Acids, alkalis and indicators
When you answer these questions, use as many scientific terms as you can.
1 Give three examples of foods that contain acids.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
2 Give three examples of household products that are alkaline.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
3 Draw the hazard warning label you would expect to see on a container of weak alkali.

4 You have two beakers of colourless liquid, one is an acid and one is an alkali. Explain how you could
find out which is which.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 14
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 5: PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS

5 What are the properties of acids?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
6 How are the properties of acids different from the properties of alkalis?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
7 What is the difference between the two indicators litmus and universal indicator solution?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 15
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.2A
Echoes
1 A long spring is stretched out across the floor. One end of the spring is attached to a wall. Sofia is
holding the other end of the spring in front of her.
Describe how Sofia should move the spring to model a sound wave. You can write your answer or
draw a diagram if you prefer.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________
2 Zara is in a place with mountains. Zara claps her hands and hears an echo.
a Describe what the word ‘echo’ means.

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________
b Describe what the echo sounds like.

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________
3 Dolphins can use echoes to locate food. Dolphins eat fish.
The diagram shows a dolphin and a fish. Complete the diagram to show the path of the sound wave as
it travels from the dolphin to the fish and back to the dolphin.

Use straight lines for the path of the sound wave.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 1
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.4A
Plate tectonics
1 Look at the map of the world.

a Write the name given to the parts of the map shown with letters.

_______________________________________________________________________________
b The areas labelled with the letters on the map are moving.
Explain what causes them to move.

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 5
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.5A
Eclipses
1 Marcus sees an eclipse during the daytime. The eclipse causes darkness for a short time.
a State what type of eclipse Marcus sees.

_______________________________________________________________________________
b Explain why there is darkness during the eclipse.

_______________________________________________________________________________
c Explain why the darkness lasts only a short time.

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________
2 When a solar eclipse happens, the eclipse can be seen from only a few places on Earth, even when
there are no clouds.
a Explain why a solar eclipse can be seen from only a few places.

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________
b Explain why people should never look directly at the Sun, even when watching an eclipse.

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________
3 a State what type of eclipse can happen when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon.

_______________________________________________________________________________

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 9
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 7: MICROORGANISMS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 7.1A
Microorganisms vocabulary
Use these words to complete the sentences below.
You can use each word once, more than once or not at all.

algae bacteria bacterium cell colony dead

fungi fungus microorganism protozoa sterile yeast

1 An organism that is so small we can only see it with a microscope is called a _______________.

2 Mushrooms and toadstools are examples of _______________.

3 _______________ are single-celled microorganisms that have cells much smaller than animal cells or
plant cells.

4 One example of a single-celled fungus is _______________.

5 A group of microorganisms growing on agar jelly is called a _______________.

6 When all the living organisms on something have been killed, we say that it is _______________.

7 _______________ are single-celled microorganisms with cells like animal cells.

8 Single-celled microorganisms with cells like plant cells are called _______________.

9 The plural of fungus is _______________.

10 The singular of bacteria is _______________.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 1
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 7: MICROORGANISMS IN THE ENVIRONMENT

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 7.2A
Food web in a pond
There is a small pond in Arun’s garden.
Algae and water plants grow in the pond. Tadpoles and snails feed on the algae and water plants.
Dragonfly larvae and newts eat tadpoles. Herons eat snails.

1 Complete the food web for Arun’s pond.

2 How many producers are there in your food web?

__________________________________________________________________________________

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 4
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 8: CHANGES TO MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 8.1A
Simple chemical reactions
Use the words below to answer the questions. Each word may be used once, more than once or not at all.

carbon dioxide magnesium zinc iron sulfide zinc chloride

magnesium
hydrogen sulfur dioxide oxygen zinc sulfide
chloride

1 When iron reacts with sulfur what is the product?

__________________________________________________________________________________
2 The product of a reaction is magnesium oxide; what were the reactants?

__________________________________________________________________________________
3 Which two elements are found in water?

__________________________________________________________________________________
4 a Which gas is given off when magnesium reacts with hydrochloric acid?

_______________________________________________________________________________
b What is the name of the other product?

_______________________________________________________________________________
5 When carbon reacts with oxygen when it burns, which gas is formed?

__________________________________________________________________________________
6 a When zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, which gas is given off?

_______________________________________________________________________________
b Suggest the name of the other product in this reaction.

_______________________________________________________________________________

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 1
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 8: CHANGES TO MATERIALS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 8.2A
Choosing equipment
Choose the equipment you would need to use to accurately neutralise some sodium hydroxide (an alkali)
using hydrochloric acid. Draw a circle around each piece of equipment you will need. Label all the pieces
of equipment.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 6
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 9: ELECTRICITY

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 9.1A
What is current?
1 The diagram shows a cell. One of the terminals of the cell is labelled. Label the other terminal of
the cell.

2 A cell makes electrons flow in a circuit.

Which of these describes electrons? Tick () one box.
Electrons are small particles with a positive charge.

Electrons are large particles with no charge.

Electrons are small particles with a negative charge.

Electrons is another name for wires.

3 a The diagram shows part of a wire in a circuit where current is flowing.
The end of the wire that connects to the negative terminal of the battery is shown.
Use an arrow to show the direction that the electrons move in the wire.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 1
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 9: ELECTRICITY

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 9.2A
Circuit symbols and diagrams
1 The diagram shows the circuit symbol for a cell.

a Use appropriate symbols to label the terminals of the cell.

b Complete the diagram in the space above to show a circuit where one lamp can be on or off.
Your circuit should show the circuit when the lamp is off.
c State what the straight lines in a circuit diagram represent.

_______________________________________________________________________________

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 6