DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Classwork Route 4

Route 4 Exact Equations and integrating factors

1. En los siguientes problemas determine si la ED dada es exacta. Si lo es resuélvala.
a. (2𝑥𝑥 − 1)𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 + (3𝑦𝑦 + 7)𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦 = 0
b. (𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 − 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦)𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 + (𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 + 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦)𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦 = 0
𝑦𝑦
c. �1 + 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 + � 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = (1 − 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙)𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦
𝑥𝑥

d. (𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 − 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠)𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 0

2. Resuelva el problema con valores iniciales.

a. (𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦)2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + (2𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 2 − 1)𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦 = 0
b. (𝑦𝑦 2 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 − 3𝑥𝑥 2 𝑦𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑥)𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 + (2𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 − 𝑥𝑥 3 + 𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙)𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦 = 0
1 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
c. � + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 − 2𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥� = 𝑦𝑦(𝑦𝑦 + 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠)
1+𝑦𝑦 2 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

3. Resuelva la ED dada encontrado un factor integrante apropiado.

a. (2𝑦𝑦 2 + 3𝑥𝑥))𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 2𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 = 0
2
b. 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + �1 + � 𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠𝑠 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 0
𝑦𝑦

c. (𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 − 5)𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 = (𝑦𝑦 + 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥)𝑑𝑑𝑦𝑦 ; 𝑦𝑦(0) = 1

4. Differential equations are sometimes solved by having a clever idea. Here is a little exercise in
cleverness: Although the differential equation �𝑥𝑥 − �𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 �𝑑𝑑𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 = 0 is not exact, show how
1
the rearrangement (𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦)/�𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 = 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 and the observation 𝑑𝑑(𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 ) = 𝑥𝑥 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 + 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦 can
2

lead to a solution.