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V.: @rd i`l`ssärka t`r v`iokoa edks

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` qudtra oëlkeds
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Gklhd i.¾ 7, päbs. 4< ` 4?
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qudrtas o` hard. 4> 4>> 4>>> 4>> 4> 4>>> 4>> 4> 46 46 5 46 x ? 5 ?8 ?8 5 >,?8
60 60 60 x ? 4>> 4>>
4 “ >,; 5 >,4 (4 r`pr`s`itd d tatdmkodo` o`
> ,0 >,46 >,>6< 4,60 2,8 >,>?0 >,47 ?,6
7.6. As oaks dekbas utkmkzdrde ouds mkvras, >,4 r`pr`s`itd as mkvras r`stdit`s)
`strdtëbkds okg`r`it`s ` lh`bdrde da 4.4. >,>6< = >,>?0 = >,46 = >,47 = >,0 = 4,60 20> x >,4 5 20
e`sea r`sumtdoa. A dekba od okr`ktd Gklhd i.¾ 4?, päbs. 6; ` <>
= ?,6 = 2,8 V.: As mkvras o` autras tkpas sìa 20.
utkmkzau ue pral`ssa edks räpkoa. 4. 43 63 <
6. 4,60 x 4> 5 46,0 0 0 0 2. 6 x 4,7 ce 5 <,6 ce (qukmüe`tras qu` a Kva
Gklhd i.¾ 46, päbs. 60 ` 67 28,>? x 4> 5 28>,? p`rlarr` par okd)
>,60 x 4> 5 6,0 4.4. 66 x <,6 ce 5 22>,?
>,? ce
4.
4.4. < três qukitas >,<? x 4>> 5 <? 4 5 >,6 4,> 0 V.: Ias 66 okds qu` gak î `slamd, a Kva
0 2,8 x 4>> 5 28> 0 > ,>
,> > ,6
,6 p`rlarr`u 2>,? ce.
4.6. A qualk`it` rdlkaidm o` < par 0 ë < 07 x 4>> 5 07>> 8. ^ar `x`epma:
0 6 5 >,? 6,> 0
>,460 x 4>>> 5 460 0 460 x ?,0 5 076,0 h (tatdm o` hards trdfdmhdods)
6. <> : 0 qualk`it` 7 07 : 8 qualk`it` 2 > ,>
,> > ,?
,?
02;,6 x 4>>> 5 02; 6>> 0,0> x 076,0 5 < >;<,20 ₭ (tatdm o` okih`kr
okih`kra
a
<7 : ; qualk`it` ? 8;,?0 x 4>>> 5 8; ?0> r`l`fkoa)
< 5 >,7 <,> 0
6.4. <>: 0 qualk`it` rdlkaidm <> au 7 46,0 : 4> 5 4,60 0 > ,>
,> > ,7
,7 V.: D `epr`bdod oaeëstkld r`l`f`u i ia
a tatdm
0 28 : 4> 5 2,8 < >;<,20 ₭.
<?,07 : 4> 5 <,?07 6.
07 : 8 qualk`it` rdlkaidm 07 au 2 Gklhd i.¾ 40, päbs. <4 ` <6
8 ?0,7 : 4>> 5 >,?07 <, >>>
> 2 < ,>
,> > > 2
> , 6 > >,?6 > ,6
, 6 > >,?68 4. 0<2,7 : ;,7 5 07
<7 : ; qualk`it` rdlkaidm <7 au ? 2>;,6 : 4>> 5 2,>;6
; 08; : 4>> 5 0,8; >,>7 >,>7> 0 <2
<2 , 7 ;,7
<. Vao`dr 8 <7 0> 4>8 : 4>>> 5 >,4>8 >,>>? “ ?8> 07
6 7 4> ?0,; : 4>>> 5 >,>?0; Tualk`it`: >,?6 Tualk`it`: >,?68
20,>< : 4>>> 5 >,>20>< V`sta: >,>7 V`sta: >,>>? 02 7
“ 02 7
>> >

7 2
 676,076 : >,<; 5 72<
72<,6
,6 (r`s
(r`sta
ta >,>4?)
>,>4?) ?. 7,8? : 46 5 >,02 6.?.4. A úmtkea lmdsskgkldoa laistruku 47 6.
V.: Ldo
Ldodd mäpks lustau >,02
>,02 ₭ au 02 l`its. gkburds. Pe æibuma bkra ë garedoa par taods M J @
6 7 6 , 07
07 6 > ,,<
<;
0. < : >,6 5 40 6.?.6. Garde 2 dmuias. ds okr`âð`s lae d e`sed arkb`e.
“ 6<? 72<,6
6.?.<. eaod: 67 eäxkea: 7>
>68 0 V.: Id g`std hdvkd 40 laivkodoas. Pe æibuma iuma iìa o`t`rekid ue
eåikea: 47 depmktuo`: ?? pdr o` æibumas laiv`xa ` lÿildva.
J @

“ 62 < 7. ^ar `x`epma:

>4 67 grdibas + p`rus + pdtas 5 tatdm o` dv`s (4) Gklhd i.¾ 42, päbs. <0 ` <7 Pe æibuma rdsa larr`spaio` W E I

“ 4 42 d ue s`ekpmdia.
>,7 + >,? 54 4 “ >,7 5 >,? 4.
> >;6 <. A æibuma Vß\ ` a æibuma _ß^ sìa æibumas
4.4. D eaod ë jumha.
“2 8 \` >,? larr`spaio` d 468,(468 p`rus `aio`
pdtas)
>,6 larr`spaio`
larr`sp d 4.6. A eês o` juiha gak dqu`m` `e qu` a v`rtkldme`it` apastas.
>,>4? iúe`ra o` vksktdit`s due`itau edks au
e`tdo` o` 468 qu` ë 7?.
r`mdtkvde`it` da eês dit`rkar. A æibuma ^ßV ` a æibuma \ß_ sìa æibumas
4;80 : 2,7< 5 67> (r
(r`sta
`sta 4,6) >,? + >,6 5 >,7 v`rtkldme`it` apastas.
4.<. A eês o` s`t`efra gak dqu`m` `e qu`
4 ; 80
80 , > > 2 ,,7
7< a iúe`ra o` vksktdit`s okekiuku edks A æibuma Vß\ ` a æibuma ^ßV sìa æibumas
468 + 7? 5 (4;6 grdibas) r`mdtkvde`it` da eês dit`rkar. dojdl`it`s.
“ 4 0 67 67> au
468 + 4;6 5 < <6>
6> (tatdm o` dv`s oa dvkärka)
dvkärka) 4.?. Ias e`s`s o` edka ` o`z`efra hauv`
>??00; > A æibuma _ß^ ` a æibuma \ß_ sìa æibumas
V.: Ia dvkärka hä <6> dv`s. a e`sea iúe`ra o` vksktdit`s.
“ ?0
?0 2 8 dojdl`it`s.
2. ? x 482,0 e 5 20> e 4.0. A due`ita oa iúe`ra o` vksktdit`s ias au
>>>4,6>
20> : <2,0 5 6> okds e`s`s o` juiha, jumha ` dbasta pao` A æibuma ^ßV ` a æibuma _ß^ sìa æibumas
6. 4?2,6<0 6> x 7 h 5 46> h o`v`r-s` d s`r ue p`råaoa o` gërkds dojdl`it`s.
6?07>><,2 V.: A dbrklumtar o`earau 46> hards d lamaldr `slamdr`s. au
76;<>,>0? d v`odâìa ia mdrdijdm. 4.7. Ourdit` a dia vksktdrde a eus`u A æibuma Vß\ ` a æibuma \ß_ sìa æibumas
2.4. 4460 : 20> 5 4,0> ₭ dpraxkedode`it` 47;>> p`ssads. dojdl`it`s.
<?,4;6
?68>0,4< V.: Ldod e`tra o` r`o` lustau 4,0> ₭. Iatd: D samuâìa o`st` `x`rlålka r`g`r`-s` î `okâìa ?. Æibuma r`ta3 Æibuma
Æibuma dbuoa3 Æibuma aftusa3
edks r`l`it` oa mkvra o` gklhds.
<. ;,28 : >, ?7 5 64,6 (r`sta >,>68) Gklhd i.¾ 47, päbs. << ` <? Æibuma rdsa.
Tualk`it` dpraxkedoa îs oëlkeds: 6. 0.
4.
Lar oas amhas pr`tas ldstdihas v`ro`s dzuks
; , 2 8>
8> >,?7 4.4. Iúe`ra o` dmuias ? 66 46 6
“; 6 64,6 Iúe`ra o` dmuias ^`rl`itdb`e 4>% 00% <>% 0%
_kpas o` mkvras
(gr`quêilkd dfsamutd)
> 08
^a`skd <6 6.4. 7. Æibumas dbuoas: LDF, ODL, @DO, GD@
“ ?7 Æibumas aftusas: @DF, GDL
GDL
Laitas 07
> 4 6> Lar oas amhas oas dmuias oa ?º dia
Æibumas r`tas: ODF, GDO,
GDO, @DL
Dv`iturds 47
“; 6 Æibuma rdsa: GDF
GDF
Fdiod o`s`ihdod 8 6?
>,>68 66
2. ^ar `x`epma:
Okoätklas 47 6>
48
O
;,28 : >,?7 5 64,67 (r
(r`sta
`sta >,>>>?) 47
4? @
Tualk`it` dpraxkedoa îs l`itëskeds: 4.4.4. D eaod ë ”laitas―.
”laitas―. 46 L
4>

4.4.6. A tatdm o` dmuias kiqukrkoas gak 468. 8

F G
7 DFL 5 O@G
; , 2 8 >>
>> > ,,?
?7 4.6. ?
D
6

“; 6 64,67 ^r`tas Ldstdihas W`ro`s Dzuks

8.
> 08 _kpas o` r`ta dbuoa aftusa rdsa iuma
“ ?7 æibumas
<. Hards <h 4 h, 6 h ? h, 0 h
> 46> l`rtds ;h 4> h, 44 h 2 h, 8 h
7h 46 h
eúmtkpmas o` < eúmtkpmas o` ; iúe`ras pdr`s
“; 6
> >6
688> Gklhd i.¾ 4;, päbs. <; ` ?>
6
“627 < ; 48 8
46 ? 47 4. D r`tds l ` o sìa r`tds p`rp`ioklumdr`s.
>,>>>? 40 7 4?
4>
6. o
;,28>>> : >,?7 5 64,
64,67>
67> (r`s
(r`sta
ta >,>>>?>)
>,>>>?>) 6.4. ^drtklkpdrde ia lailursa 6? dmuias.
Tualk`it` dpraxkedoa îs ekmëskeds: 6.6. Tu`e v`il`u gak a dmuia lae a iúe`ra 6>.
l
Gklhd i.¾ 48, päbs. <2 ` <8 a

; , 2 8 >>
>> > >, ?7
?7 6.<. A iúe`ra 6>. 4.
“; 6 64,67> 6.?. F

> 08 Ld
Ldum
um`s
`s Gam
Gam h
hds
ds D
æibuma laiv`xa
4 7 ; æibuma lÿildva
L
Ds r`tds p ` t sìa r`tds pdrdm`mds.
“ ?7
> 46> 6 6 < 0 7 7 7 ; p r

“; 6 <
? 4
4 6
? ?
8 7 7 2 8 ;
> >6
688> t

“627 0 4 6 0
>,>>>? 7 >

8 ;
6. W3 G3 W3
W3 G3 W <. ?. D fds` o` ue lai` ë ue lårluma. Gklhd i.¾ 6<, päbs. ?2 ` ?8
<. ^ar `x`epma: _rkæibuma`sldm`ia Ped gdl` mdt`rdm o` ued pkræe
pkræeko`
ko` ë ue 4.
_rkæibumaksüsl`m`s trkæibuma. x 4> x 4> x 4> x 4> x 4> x 4>
Tudorkmät`rasr`tæibumas D fds` o` ued pkrræeko`
æeko` lae s`ks ggdl`s
dl`s
ce he ode e oe le ee
Tudorkmät`rasiìar`tæibumas mdt`rdks ë ue h`xäbaia.
^`itäbaias Ped gdl` mdt`rdm o` ue prks
prksed
ed ë ue r`tæi
r`tæibuma.
buma. >,>>0 > ,> 0 >,0 0 0> 0>> 0>>>

qudorkmät`ra p`itäbaia h`xäbaia H`xäbaias

Ped fds` o` ue prksed l lae
ae lkila gdl`s >,>7 >,7 7 7> 7>> 7>>> 7> >>>
H`ptäbaia
mdt`rdks r`tdibumdr`s ë ue p`itäbaia.
>,>?0 > ,? 0 ?,0 ?0 ?0> ?0>> ?0 >>>
Altübaias
0.
Iìa pamåbaias
: 4> : 4> : 4> : 4> : 4> : 4>

h`ptäbaia altübaia iìa pamåbaia

4.4. W3 W3
W3 G3 G3 W
W..

?. 6. 4 x 60 e 5 6,0 e 5 >,4 x 60 e 5 6,0 e

4>
?. 4 x 2>> oe 5 2 oe 5 >,>4 x 2>> oe 5 2 oe
4>>
Gklhd i.¾ 66, päbs. ?0 ` ?7
lkrluig`rêilkd rdka
<. ` <.4.
l`itra okæe`tra 4. d) _`e < mdoas. _`e < `kxas o` ske`trkd. D

pdrt` kit`rid od
f) _`e < mdoas. _`e > `kxas o` ske`trkd.
F
lkrluig`rêilkd l) _`e ? mdoas. _`e ? `kxas o` ske`trkd.
0. ^ar `x`epma: 0. o) _`e ? mdoas. _`e 6 `kxas o` ske`trkd.
Lkrluig`rêilkd Lkrluig`rêilkd Lkrluig`rêilkd `) _`e 0 mdoas. _`e 0 `kxas o` ske`trkd.
Vd ka O kæ e`
e` ttrra Vd ka O kæ e` ttrra Vd ka O kæ e` ttrra g) _`e 0 mdoas. _
_`e
`e 4 `kxa o` ske`trkd .
?;,0 l
le
e ;; le
le 6;
;7
7 ee
ee 0 ;6
;6 ee
ee 4>,20
4>,20 le 64,0
64,0 le
le
6.
Gklhd i.¾ 64, päbs. ?< ` ??
4. \ìa pamk`oras: D, L, O, G, B, H, M
\ìa iìa pamk`oras: F, @, K, J, C, E
Gklhd i.¾ 6>, päbs. ?4 ` ?6
\ìa prkseds: D, O, G, B, H
4. ?. • A e`tra qudordoa ë d uikodo` prkilkpdm ods
4.4. D “ prksed p`itdbaidm
p`itdbaidm F “ `sg`rd
Lmdsskgkldâìa qudita da Lmdsskgkldâìa qudita î e`okods o` är`d.
laeprke`ita oas mdoas depmktuo` oas æibumas @ “ lkmkiora G “ lufa
• A o`låe`tra qudordoa ë d l`itësked pdrt`
Dlutæi-
V`tæibuma
Aftusæi- C “ lai` M “ pkræeko` <.
_rkæibumas
Ksüsl`m`s
buma
(ue oas
buma oa e`tra qudordoa.
@sldm`i a Ksüsl`
Ksüsl`m`s
`qukmät`ra
(taoas as
æibumas ë
(ue oas qudordibumdr
æibumas
r`ta)
æibumas ë • A h`ltüe`tra qudordoa ë 4> >>> v`z`s
v`z`s
dbuoas) aftusa) 6. edkar qu` a e`tra qudordoa.
D X X
F X X • A o`låe`tra qudordoa ë 4>> v`z`s eedkar
dkar
L X X qu` a l`itåe`tra qudordoa.
O X X
?.4. 70 oe6 5 70>> le6 5 70> >>> ee6
?. V`spastd o` ldrält`r p`ssadm.
0> he6 5 0>>> ode6 5 0>> >>> e6
6. 0. 07> e6 5 07 >>> oe 6 5 0 7>> >>> le6
_rdpëzkas ^drdm`ma- Masdibas Tudordoas V`tæibumas
(p`ma brdeas (mdoas apas- (taoas as mdoas (mdoas apastas 40> le6 5 4,0> oe6 5 >,>40 e6
e`ias (mdoas tas pdrdm`mas lae a e`sea lae a e`sea
Tudorkmät`ras oaks mdoas apastas ` taoas lae
pdrdm`mas) pdrdm`mas) a e`sea
laeprke`ita ` laeprke`ita `
taoas as æibu- taoas as æibu-
0. Pe dr` (d) ë ued uikodo` o` e`okod dbrärkd
laeprke`ita) mas r`tas) mas r`tas)
<. X X X usdod id e`okâìa od är`d o` t`rr`ias
X dbrålamds.
7. Pe dr` (d) `qukvdm` d ue o`læe`tra qudordoa
X X (ode6).
prksed pkræeko` 7. ed ekrkdr`3 hd h`ltdr`3 d dr`3 ld l`itkdr`
X X X
Ia
ae`
e` o a sümko
sümkoa
a lu
luf
fa h`xdba- p`itdba- l km kio ra l ai
ai `
idm idm au au 2. 4,0 ed 5 40> hd 5 40 >>> d
X X X X X
Lkrlumdr`s > > > 6 4
s _rkdibumdr`s
28,0 ld 5 >,280 d 5 >,>>280 hd
> > 0 > >
X X X `
l
gd Tudordibu-
07> hd 5 07 >>> d 5 07 >>> ode6
`
7 > > > >
mdr`s
o
a
r V`tdibumd-
2. Dkiod sìa i`l`ssärkas
i`l`ssärkas 47 trkæibumas
` 7 7 > > >
e r`s ` 8 r`tæibumas.
ú
I ^`itdbaidks > > 4 > >
H`xdbaidks > 6 > > >
Iúe`ra
8 46 7 > 4
o` vërtkl`s
Iúe`ra
o` dr`stds 46 48 4> > >

4> 44
Gklhd i.¾ 6?, päbs. ?; ` 0> Gklhd i.¾ 60, päbs. 04 ` 06 0. 4 m 5 4> om 6< m 5 6<>> lm 0.4. Iúe`ra o` bdrrdgds:
4. 64,0 le x 68,0 le 5 746,20 le6 4. Wamue`: 40 le< 4 cm 5 4> hm ?8 cm 5 ?8 >>> m 40>> : >,20 5 6>>>
Wamue`: 4? le< 0 hm 5 0> odm ?0 hm 5 ?,0 cm Okih`kra r`l`fkoa id v`iod:
D ldpd t`e 746,20 le6 o` är`d. 60 lm 5 6,0 om 20,7 lm 5 207 em
Wamue`: 6? le< 6>>> x 6,0 ₭ 5 0>>> ₭
6. Laeprke`ita: 7 le 2?> em 5 2? lm 48 >>> em 5 48 m V.: A s`ihar Ediu`m r`l`f`u 0>>> ₭.
Mdrburd: <,0 le 6. Pe lufa lae 4 le o` dr`std t`e 4 le<
0 m 5 0> om 6,0 m 5 60>> em
6.4. 7 le x 6>>> 5 46 >>> le
o` vamue`. <0 cm 5 <0>> odm >,0 cm 5 0>>> om Gklhd i.¾ 68, päbs. 02 ` 08
<,0 le x 6>>> 5 2>>> le Pe lufa lae 4 oe o` dr`std t`e 4 oe< ; hm 5 ;>> m >,>8 hm 5 8>> lm 4.
46 >>> + 46 >>> + 2>>> + 2>>> 5 <8 >>> le o` vamue`. 40> lm 5 4,0 m 40>> lm 5 4,0 odm o`ldquk- qukma- h`lta- o`ld-
Iue lufa lae 4oe< o` vamue` ldf`e 460? em 5 46,0? om 60> >>> em 5 6,0 hm
tai`mdod qukitdm
mabrded brded brded brded
brded

<8 >>>
V.: le 5 <8> ae.ldepa o` gut`fam t`rkd
Id r`dmkodo`, 4>>> le<. (t)
<
(q)
<>
(odcb)
<>>
(cb)
<>>>
(hb)
<> >>>
(odb)
<>> >>>
(b)
< >>> >>>
<8> o` p`råe`tra. A le< ë d ekmësked pdrt` oa oe<. 7. 4 m 5 4>> lm 4 m 5 0> lm 6,0 60 60> 60>> 60 >>> 60> >>> 6 0>> >>>
Pe lufa lae 4 e o` dr`std t`e 4e< 6
6.6. 46 >>> x 2>>> 5 8? >>> >>> le6 5 o` vamue`.
<,60 <6,0 <60 <60> <6 0>> <60 >>> < 60> >>>

8?>> e6 5 8?>> ld. 4 m 5 60 lm < m 5 20 lm >,20 2,0 20 20> 20>> 20 >>> 20> >>>
Iue lufa lae 4 e< o` vamue` ldf`e ? ? 40 40> 40>> 40 >>> 40> >>> 4 0>> >>> 40 >>> >>>
6.<. 46 >>> le 5 > >,46
,46 ce 4,6 : >,46 5 4> 4>>> oe<.
V.: _`rkd o` larr`r 4> v`z`s o` ued fdmkzd A oe< ë d ekmësked pdrt` oa e<. Pe mktra ` e`ka 5 4,0 m 5 40 om 5 40> lm 5 40>> e
emm
6. 4 cb ë a e`sea qu` 4>>> b. @itìa, 4 b
î autrd. <. 2. Lae d bdrrdgd lh`kd o` äbud passa `ilh`r: ë d ekmësked pdrt` oa qukmabrded.
<. ? jdrrds o` e`ka mktra ldod au 8 lapas o` ue 4 hb ë a e`sea qu` 4> odb. @itìa, 4 odb
<20 e qudrta o` mktra ldod au 4> lhäv`ids o` oaks ë d oëlked pdrt` oa h`ltabrded.
e
d
o`lkmktras ldod au 4>> lamh`r`s o` 6> em ldod. 4 b ë a e`sea qu` 4> ob. @it
@itìa,
ìa, 4 o
obb
o
0
,
6
6
0
>
X 47 le< X 4,0 e< 8. 6,0 om = 4 m = < m = 40>> em = 0>> lm ë d oëlked pdrt` oa brded.
4 e
46,0 ode 6 ? 4 b ë a e`sea qu` 4>>> eb. @itìa
@itìa,, 4 eb
>,< ce ë d ekmësked pdrt` oa brded.
Gklhd i.¾ 62, päbs. 00 ` 07
?> oe< 4 odb ë a ee`sea
`sea qu` 4>> ob. @itìa, 4 ob
e
X X 47 e< 4. 4 oe< `qukvdm` d 4 m.
> ë d l`itësked pdrt` oa o`ldbrded.
0
?
?. 4 oe< `qukvdm` d 4>>> le < 6.4. 4,0 cb 5 40> odb
?.4. Wamue` od ldkxd: 4>>> le< `qukvdm` d 4 m. 602? eb 5 60,2? ob
? x 7 x ? 5 6? x ? 5 ;7 ;7 le<
➕
4>>> oe< `qukvdm` d 4>>> m. 6<,02 hb 5 6<20 b
Wamue` oa lufa brdio`:
6. ?0,7 lb 5 >,?07 b
00>> oe
6 x 6 x 6 5 ? x 6 5 8 8 le<
➕

;7 : 8 5 46 >,20 odb 5 20> lb

<.4. 46,0 ode 5 4,60 he
40>> ob 5 40 odb
?0> e 5 ?,0 he V.: Ldf`e id ldkxd 46 lufas brdio`s.
60> e 5 6,0 he Wamue` od ldkxd: ;7 le< <. 60,2 cb 9 602 odb
<20 e 5 <,20 he Wamue` oa lufa p`qu`ia: 4le< X 60
60 lm X 2,
2,0 lm X 20 m <2,0 hb 5 <20> b
00>> oe 5 0,0 he V.: Ldf`e id ldkxd ;7 lufas p`qu`ias. <. 20 m : <> 5 6,0 m p
par
ar okd 46 m : 0 5 6,? m p
par
ar okd ?0,7 b = ?0,7? odb
>,< ce 5 < he 46?> eb 5 46,? ob
?.6. Id ldkxd ldf`e ;7 lufas lae 4 le o` V.: F`f`-s` edks id ldsd od lrkdiâd qu` okss`
4,60 he + ?,0 he 5 0,20 he qu` s` f`fkde 20 m o` m`kt` `e <> okds.
0,20 he “ 6,0 he 5 <,60 he dr`std. Ldod ue o`ss`s lufas ë 4 le <, ?. ;0 hm 5 ;0>> m
par kssa d ldkxd t`e ;7 le< o` vamue`. D autrd lrkdiâd f`f` dp`ids
dp`ids 26 m ias ;0>> x 2>> b 5 7 70> >>> b 5 7,70 t
4,60 + 4,60 + ?,0 + 0,0 + <,60 + < + 6,0 + e`seas okds. V.: A p`s
p`saa o` ldrbd ë 7,70 t.
<,20 5 60 he Gklhd i.¾ 67, päbs. 0< ` 0? ?.
0.
V.: A p`råe`tra oa t`rr`ia ë 60 he. 4. ?>> >>> ode< < 0 72? >>> e< >,60 m 5 60> le< 0.4. 26 x ?0 cb 5 <6?> cb
<.6. Är`d oa qudordoa e`iar: <> >>> >>> le 46,0 e< >,60 m 5 >,60 oe< 5 60> le< ?,0 t 5 ?0>> cb
46,0 x 46,0 5 407,60 ode6 6. 40 >>> oe< 5 40 e < >,60 m 5 60> le< ?0>> cb “ <6?> cb 5 467> cb
Är`d oa qudordoa edkar: 2 0>> >>> le< 5 2,0 e< V.: Gdmtde 467> cb pdrd laepm`tdr d ldrbd.
60> e 5 60 ode 2,0 odm 5 20 oe< >,0 hm 5 0> oe<
60 x 60 5 760 ode6 40 e< “ 2,0 e< 5 2,0 e< 0.6. 467> : ?0 5 68
2,0 odm 5 20 m >,0 hm 5 0> m
Är`d oa r`tæibuma: V.: Gkldrde ia ldekìa 2,0 e< o` dr`kd.
Gkldrde 20 m 5 20 oe< 0> m 5 0> oe< 0? 67 X 68 7?
<,60 he 5 <6,0 ode <. Är`d o` ldod gdl` oa lufa: 7. Ldkxd D: >,0 cb Ldkxd F: 4,60 cb
0,0 he 5 00 ode 40> le6 : 7 5 60 le 6 40 >>> le< 5 40 m >,>>2 e< 5 2> om
<6,0 x 00 5 4282,0> ode6 E`okod od dr`std: 0 le parqu` 0 x 0 le 40 >>> le< 5 40 oe< >,>>2 e< 5 2 oe< Gklhd i.¾ 6;, päbs. 0; ` 7>
Är`d tatdm: 5 60 le6 40 oe< 5 40 m 2 oe< 5 2 m 4.
407,60 ode6 + 760 ode6 + 4282,0 ode6 5 Wamue` oa lufa: 0. 40> le 5 40 oe 4.4. As dekbas `stkv`rde 4 h ` 6> eki. d jabdr
6078,20 ode6 0 x 0 x 0 5 460 le< xdor`z.
4 e 5 4> oe
V.: A t`rr`ia t`e 6078,20 ode6 o` är`d. V.: A vamue` od ldkxd ë 460 le<. Wamue` oa o`püskta: 6> x 4> x 40 5 6>> x 40 5 4.6. 4 h ` 6> eki. 5 8> eki.
?. 40> le 5 40 oe <>>> ➕ <>>> oe< 5 <>>> m 8> eki. “ 60 5 00 eki.
4>>> ee 5 4> oe Dz`kt` ia o`püskta: <>>> m : 6 5 40>> m. 00 eki. “ <> eki. 5 60 eki.
Wamue` od ldkxd: V.: A o`püskta laitëe 40>> m o` dz`kt
dz`kt`.
`. V.: D úmtked pdrtkod ourau 60 eki.
40 x 4> x 46 5 40> x 46 5 48>> 48>> oe<
➕
6.
V.: A vamue` od ldkxd ë 48>> oe<. 6.4. Iúe`ra o` s`buioas iued s`edid (2 okds).
Iúe`ra o` ekiutas iue eês lae <4 okds.

46 4<
<. Gklhd i.¾ <4, päbs. 7< ` 7?
44
46
4 44
46
4 44
46
4 4.
4> 6 4> 6 4> 6
64?,
64?, 47 5 664>
4> + ? + >,4 + >,>7
>,>7 8>4<,2
8>4<,2 5 8>>>
8>>> + 4> + < + >,2
>,2
; < ; < ; <

8 ? 8 ? 8 ? 4> <6>,<8 5 4> >>> + <>> + 6>,<8 ;4,46< 5 ;> + 4 + >,4 + >,>6<
2 0 2 0 2 0
7 7 7
(6 x 4> >>>) + (2 x 4>>>) + (4 x 4>>) + (7 x 4>) + 0 + >,7 5 62 470,7
Kiålka od s`ssìa Ge oa kit`rvdma Gke od s`ssìa
(? x 4>>) + (; x4>) + 6 + >,4 + >,>60 5 ?;6,460
?.
(< x 4>>>) + 0 + >,>? + >,>>4 5 <>>0,>?4
Ourdâìa
Wkdb`is ^drtkod Lh`bdod
od vkdb`e 6.
Mksfad ➕ Guilhdm 4?:?> 4 7 :6 0 >4:?0
^arta ➕ ^
^a
aitd O`mbdod 48:60 6 > :< 0 >6:4> 4 x 4 5 >,0 4 x >,7 5 >,4
Mksfad ➕ ^
^aarta >8:4> > ; :> 0 >>:00 6 7
^arta ➕ V ka o`
o` Jd
Jdi`kra (Frdskm) >;:00 6 > :0 0 44:>> 4 x 6,6 5 4,4 4 x 46,7 5 6,4
^aitd O`mbdod ➕ _ ar
ara iitta (L
(Ldidoä) 47:4> 6 6 :? > >7:<> 6 7
?.4. Ë d vkdb`e o` Mksfad dtë da ^arta. 4 x ?,8 5 6,? 4 x 6?,<> 5 ?,>0
6 7
?.6. Ë d vkdb`e oa ^arta dtë da Vka o` Jdi`kra.
4 x 6 5 >,0 4x054
0. 6>463 6>473 6>6>3 6>6?3 6>683 6><63 6><73 ? 0
6>?>3 6>??
4 x >,85 >,6 4 x 0,0 5 4,4
Gklhd i.¾ <>, päbs. 74 ` 76 ? 0
4. 4,< x 4> 5 4< ?7,24 x >,4 5 ?,724 4 x 46,? 5 <,4 4 x 0>,60 5 4>,>0
; x 4>> 5 ;>> 8>> x >,>4 5 8 ? 0
?,48 x 4>>> 5 ?48> ;6> x >,>>4 5 >,;6 4x<54 4 x 0> 5 0
0> : >,4 5 0>> >,6 : 4> 5 >,>6 < 4>
0,28 : >,>4 5 028 2 : 4>> 5 >,>2 4 x <,< 5 4,4 4 x 0>>,60 5 0>,>60
74 : >,>>4 5 74 >>> 07: 4>>> 5 >,>07 < 4>
6. >,;>7 “ z`ra uikodo`s ` iav`l`itds ` s`ks 4 x ;,7 5 <,6 4 x 4>>,4 5 4>,>4
ekmëskeds au iav`l`itds ` s`ks ekmëskeds. < 4>
?>7,>8 “ qudtral`itds ` s`ks uikodo`s ` akta <.
l`itëskeds au qudr`itd ekm, s`ksl`itds ` akta x
l`itëskeds. 4> 4>> 4>>> >,4 > ,> 4 >,>>4

<80<,640 “ três ekm, aktal`itds ` lkiqu

lkiqu`itd
`itd 4 4> 4>> 4>>> >,4 > ,> 4 >,>>4
` três uikodo`s ` ouz`itds ` qukiz` ekmëskeds 76 76> 76>> 76 >>> 7,6 > ,7 6 >,>76
au três ekmhð`s, aktal`itds ` lkiqu`itd ` três <40 <40> <4 0>> <40 >>> <4,0 < ,4 0 >,<40
ekm, ouz`itds ` qukiz` ekmëskeds. 70<> 70 <>> 70< >>> 7 0<> >>> 70< 7 0 ,< 7 ,0 <

44> >>>,2 “ l`ita ` o`z ekm uiko odo`s

do`s ` s`t
s`t`` ?. ^arâìa o` lhalamdt` o` ldod kreìa: < : 6 5 4,0
oëlkeds au ue ekmhìa, l`e ekm ` s`t`
oëlkeds. Lhalamdt` qu` safrau da Odekìa:
Odekìa: (4 “ >,?) +
>,0 5 >,7 + >,0 5 4,4 5 44/4>
<. 4 5 < \afrdrde da Odekìa 44/4> o` lhalhalamdt`.
lamdt`.
6 7
456 0. Vdka oa fama: 46,0 le
< 7 Okæe`tra oa fama: 6 x 46,0 le 5 60 le
V.: A okæe`tra oa fama kit`kra `rd 60 le.
454+4+4+4+4+457
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7.
V.: A pdst`m`kra tt`v`
`v` qu` lartdr a fama `e
7 gdtkds.
?. 47> ode 5 4,7 ce
66,0 he 5 6,60 ce
4,7 ce + 6,60 ce + 6,60 ce + 4,7 ce 5 2,2 ce
V.: A Kva p`rlarr`u 2,2 ce ia trdj`ta.
0. Okih`kra oa e`dmh`kra:
4> x 4 ₭ 5 4> ₭
2 x 0> l`its 5 <0> l`its 5 <,0> ₭
4> ₭ + <,0> ₭ 5 4<,0> ₭
Okih`kra bdsta:
0,?> ₭ + <,60 ₭ + 4,0> ₭ 5 4>,40 ₭
Okih`kra qu` safrau: prksed h`xdbaidm
4<,0> ₭ “ 4>,40 ₭ 5 <,<0 ₭ prksed p`itdbaidm
V.: @md gklau lae <,<0 ₭. prksed qudordibumdr

4?