MATH 013

PRELIM HOMEWORK 2

Show all necessary solutions and box all final answers.

1 1 −1 1 2 −3 3 −1 2
1. Let 𝐴 = [2 0 3] 𝐵 = [5 0 2] 𝐶 = [ 4 2 5]
3 −1 2 1 −1 1 2 0 3

1 3
1 2 3 −4 1 −2 3
𝐷 = [ 0 2] 𝐸=[ ] 𝐹=[ ]
2 0 −2 1 1 0 −2
−1 4

If possible, compute for:

a. A+B
b. B + (-1)C
c. (AD)E
d. A(DE)
e. D + FT

2. Show why, in general, (𝐴 + 𝐵)2 ≠ 𝐴2 + 2𝐴𝐵 + 𝐵2 and (𝐴 + 𝐵)(𝐴 − 𝐵) ≠ 𝐴2 − 𝐵2 .

Note: Create your own 2x2 matrices A and B.

3. Given
2 −3 −5 −1 3 5 2 −2 −4
𝐴 = [−1 4 5] 𝐵 = [ 1 −3 −5] 𝐶 = [−1 3 4]
1 −3 −4 −1 3 5 1 −2 −3

a. Show AB=BA=0. What can you conclude from this computation?

b. Show that AC=A and CA=C. What can you conclude from this computation?

5 −8 0
4. A square matrix A is said to be involutory if A2=I. Show that 𝐴 = [3 5 0 ] is involutory.
1 2 −1

5. A square matrix is said to be nilpotent if Ak=0 for some number k. The smallest such k is called
1 1 3
the index. Show that 𝐴 = [ 5 2 6 ] is nilpotent of index 3.
−2 −1 −3
−2 −2 −4
6. A square matrix A is said to be idempotent if A2=A. Show that 𝐴 = [−1 3 4 ] is
1 −2 −3
idempotent.

7. A square matrix A is said to be symmetric if AT=A. The square matrix is said to be skew
0 3 4
symmetric if AT=-A. Determine whether 𝐴 = [−3 0 7] is symmetric or skew symmetric.
−4 −7 0