1. Which of the following is not heterocyclic compound?

(a) Furan (b) Pyridine (c) Thiophene (d) Aniline

2. In C2H2, the bond angle between hybrid orbitals is:

(a) 109.5° (b) 180° (c) 120° (d) 104.5°

3. Cracking gives gasoline:

(a) 10% (b) 20% (c) 30% (d) More than 50%

4. Iso-octane has octane number:

(a) 60 (b) 80 (c) 100 (d) 120

5. In the absence of air, thermal decomposition of coal is called:

(a) Distillation (b) Reforming of petroleum (c)Carbonization (d)Vacuum distillation

6. Which reagent is used to reduce a carboxylic acid to an alcohol?

(a) H2/Ni (b) H2/Pt (c) NaBH4 (d) LiAlH4

7. The enzyme reactions best occur at:

(a) 27C (b) 37C (c) 47C (d) 57C

8. Which derivative cannot be prepared directly from acetic acid?

(a) Acetamide (b) Acetyl chloride (c) Acetic anhdride (d) Ethyl acetate

9. Which structure of protein gives the sequence of amino acids only?

(a) Primary structu mere (b) Secondary structure (c) Tertiary structure(d)
Quaternary structure

10. Which of the following is an ester?

(a) Soap (b) Starch (c) PVC (d) Dacron

11. The solution of which is used for seasoning of food:

(a) Formic acid (b) Acetic acid (c) Benzoic acid (d) Butanoic acid

12. Octane number can be improved by adding:

(a) Lead oxide (b) n-octane (c) Tetraethyl lead (d) None of these
Q;2 Attempt the following short questions.
i)Differentiate between essential and non-essential amino acids.
iiWhat is peptide linkage? Give reaction of formation
iii)Draw the structure of malonic acid and phthalic acid..
iv)Convert acetic acid into i)acetamide ii)acid anhydride.
v)What is difference between vinegar and glacial acetic acid?
vi)What is Vital force theory and how it was rejected?
vii)What are Heterocyclic compounds?Give two examples
viii)What is tautomerism? Give example
ix)What are two condition of geometrical isomerism?
x)Mention oil refineries in Pakitan ?

Q;3 ATTEMPT THE FOLLOWING LONG QUESTIONS.

a)Explain the process of cracking in detail alongwith its uses. (1+2+1 )
b)Explain the structure of methane according to atomic orbital hybridisation