7.

Aluminium Sulphate

S.No. Experiment Observation Inference

1 Colour:
Colour of the salt is noted Colourless Absence of
copper and iron
salt
2 Solubility:
A small amount of salt is Soluble May be sulphate,
dissolved in distilled water nitrate, chloride,
phosphate or
bromide
3 Action of Heat:
A small amount of salt is taken No characteristic Absence of
in a dry test tube and heated change ammonium,
gently nitrate and zinc
salts
4 Flame Test:
A small amount of the salt is No characteristic Absence of
made into a paste with a few coloured flame Barium, Calcium
drops of con.HCl acid. Take the and Copper
paste at the charred end of the
splinter and introduced near the
Bunsen flame.
5 Action of dilute Hydrochloric
acid: No characteristic Absence of
To a small amount of the salt, gas is evolved nitrate, carbonate
dilute HCl acid is added and and sulphide
heated.
6 Action of Con.Sulphuric acid:
To a small amount of the salt, No characteristic Absence of
conH2SO4 acid is added and gas is evolved nitrate, chloride
heated. and bromide
7 Action of MnO2 and
Con.H2SO4:
To a small amount of the salt is No characteristic Absence of
mixed with pinch of MnO2 and change chloride and
bromide
 add few drops of con.H2SO4 and
heated.
8 Action of Copper turnings:
A small amount of the salt is No reddish brown Absence of nitrate
heated with copper turnings and gas evolved
conH2SO4 acid.
9 Action of Sodium Hydroxide:
A small amount of the salt is No pungent Absence of
heated with NaOH solution. smelling gas ammonium salt
evolved.
10 Chromyl Chloride test:
To a small amount of the salt, a No yellow Absence of
pinch of solid potassium precipitate is chloride
dichromate is added and heated obtained
with a few drops of
con.H2SO4acid. Pass the
vapours into dilute NaOH
solution. If a yellow solution is
obtained, add dil.acetic acid and
lead acetate solution.
Analysis of sodium carbonate extract
Preparation of sodium carbonate extract:
A small amount of the salt is mixed with twice the amount of solid sodium
carbonate in a beaker. 20ml of distilled water is added and the solution is boiled
for 10 minutes, cooled and then filtered. The filtrate is called “Sodium carbonate
extract”.
11 Silver nitrate test:
To a few drops of the extract, No characteristic Absence of
dil.HNO3 acid is added until the precipitate is chloride, sulphide
effervescence ceased and 2ml of obtained and bromide
AgNO3 solution is added.
12 Lead acetate test:
To a few drops of the extract, A white Presence of
dilute acetic acid is added until precipitate soluble sulphate
the effervescence ceases and in excess of
2ml of lead acetate solution is ammonium
added acetate is formed
13 Barium chloride test:
 To a few drops of the extract, A white Presence of
dil.HClacid is added until the precipitate sulphate is
effervescence ceases and 2ml of insoluble in dilute confirmed
BaCl2 solution is added. H2SO4 acid is
obtained
14 Brown ring test:
To a few drops of the extract, No brown ring is Absence of nitrate
dil. H2SO4 acid is added until formed
the effervescence ceases. The
solution is treated with a freshly
prepared FeSO4 solution and
then conc.H2SO4 acid is added
in drops along the inner side of
the test tube.
15 Ammonium molybdate test:
To a few drops of extract dilute No canary yellow Absence of
HNO3 acid is added until the precipitate is phosphate
effervescence ceases and add formed
1ml of ammonium molybdate
and con.HNO3 acid in drops
16 Sodium nitrobruside test:
To a few drops of extract, add No purple or Absence of
1ml of NH4OH and few drops violet colouration sulphide
of sodium nitrobruside. appeared
Identification of Basic Radicals
Preparation of salt solution for the analysis of cations:
To a small amount of the salt is added with 2 to 3ml of distilled water, shake
and gently heat it. This solution is called original solution.
ZERO GROUP
1 To 1ml of the salt solution a few No chocolate Absence of
drops of Nessler’s reagent and brown precipitate ammonium salt
excess of NaOH solution is is obtained
added.
GROUP SEPARATION
1 To a few drops of the salt No white Absence of I
solution, 2ml of dil.HCl acid is precipitate is group (Lead)
added. obtained
2 To a few drops of the salt No black Absence of II
solution 2ml of dil.HCl acid is precipitate is group (Copper)
added and H2S gas is passed obtained
3 To a few drops of the salt Gelatinous white Presence of III
solution, 1ml of NH4Cl and 2ml precipitate is group
of NH4OH solutions are added obtained (Aluminium)
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR BASIC RADICALS
1 Aluminium (III Group):
To the original salt solution A Red lake Aluminium is
NH4OH and Aluminon reagent precipitate is confirmed
is added obtained
Result:
The given simple salt contains,
i) Acid Radical - Sulphate
ii) Basic Radical - Aluminium
The given simple salt is Aluminium sulphate