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Module 5
Module 5
Module 5
Conversion
2
Reactor Mole Balances Summary
Review Lecture 2
in terms of conversion, X
Reactor Differential Algebraic Integral
X
X
dX dX
Batch N A0 = − r AV t = N A0 ∫
dt 0
− rAV
t
FA 0 X
CSTR V =
−rA
X
dX dX
PFR FA 0 = −rA V = FA0 ∫
dV 0
− rA
X
X
dX dX
PBR FA 0 = − rA′ W = FA0 ∫
dW 0
− rA′
W 3
Algorithm Review Lecture 3
How to find− r A = f (X )
4
Reaction Engineering Review Lecture 3
5
Flow System Stoichiometric Table
Fi 0 Ci 0υ 0 Ci 0 y d c b
Where: Θi = = = = i0 and δ= + − −1
FA0 C A0υ 0 C A0 y A0 a a a
FA
Concentration – Flow System CA =
υ 6
Stoichiometry
FA
Concentration Flow System: C A =
υ
Liquid Phase Flow System: υ = υ0
Liquid Systems
FA FA0 (1 − X )
CA = = = C A0 (1 − X ) Flow Liquid Phase
υ υ0
N B N A0 b b
CB = = Θ
B − X = C A0 Θ B − X
V V0 a a
etc.
7
Liquid Systems
This gives us
8
Stoichiometry
for Gas Phase Flow Systems
FA P T0 FT 0 FA P T0
A υ
C A F=
= =
FT P0 T υ0 FT P0 T
υ0
F0
Since CT 0 = FT 0 υ 0 ,
FA P T0
= A υ
C A F= CT 0
FT P0 T
Substituting FT gives:
FT 0 + FA0δ X T P0 FA0 T P0
υ υ0
= = υ0 1 + δX
FT 0 T0 P FT 0 T0 P
T P0 T P0
υ0 (1 + y A0δ X )
= υ0 (1 + ε X )
=
T0 P T0 P
Where ε = y A0δ
11
For Gas Phase Flow Systems
FA
Concentration Flow System: CA =
υ
T P0
Gas Phase Flow System: υ = υ 0 (1 + εX )
T0 P
FA FA0 (1 − X ) C (1 − X ) T0 P
CA = = = A0
υ υ 0 (1 + εX )
T P0 (1 + εX ) T P0
T0 P
b b
FA0 Θ B − X C A0 Θ B − X
FB a a T0 P
CB = = =
υ υ (1 + εX ) T P0 (1 + εX ) T P0
0
12 T0 P
For Gas Phase Flow Systems
If –rA=kCACB
b
(1 − X ) Θ B − a X P T 2
− rA = k AC A2 0 0
(1 + εX ) (1 + εX ) P0 T
This gives us
FA0/-rA
X 13
For Gas Phase Flow Systems
where
d c b
δ = + − −1
a a a
change in total number of moles
δ=
mole of A reacted
d c b FA0
ε = + − − 1 = y A0δ
a a a FT 0
ε = y A0δ
2 CB
2A ⇔ B − rA = k A C A −
K
C
15
Gas Flow Example (Xef)
2A ⇔ B
X eb = 0.703
X ef = ?
Solution:
2 CB
Rate Law: − rA = k A C A −
K C
1
A→ B
2
16
Gas Flow Example (Xef)
17
Gas Flow Example (Xef)
A FA0 -FA0X FA=FA0(1-X)
B 0 FA0X/2 FB=FA0X/2
Stoichiometry: Gas isothermal T=T0
Gas isobaric
υ υ0 (1 + ε P=P
= X) 0
FA0 (1 − X ) C A0 (1 − X )
=CA =
υ0 (1 + ε X ) (1 + ε X )
FA0 X 2 C A0 (1 − X )
=CB =
υ0 (1 + ε X ) 2 (1 + ε X ) 18
Gas Flow Example (Xef)
C (1 − X ) 2 C X
− rA = k A A0 − A0
(1 + εX ) 2(1 + εX )K C
Pure A yA0=1, CA0=yA0P0/RT0, CA0=P0/RT0
1 1
ε = y A0δ = (1) − 1 = −
2 2
At equilibrium: -rA=0
X e (1 + εX e )
2 K C C A0 =
(1 − X e )2
19
Gas Flow Example (Xef)
dm 3 mol
2 K C C A0 = 2 20 0.2 3 = 8
mol dm
1 1
ε = y A 0δ = 1 −1 = −
2 2
2
X e − 0.5X e
8=
(1 − 2X e + Xe 2
)
8.5X e 2 −17X e + 8 = 0
23