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    Nabw22 2022-11-11 Nasa Battery Workshop - Coulometrics

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    The document summarizes Coulometrics' development of safer high energy density lithium-ion batteries. It discusses (1) Coulometrics' development of a silicon anode material to increase energy density, (2) nail penetration testing showing standard cells reached EUCAR 7 (explosion risk), and (3) how switching to metalized current collectors decreased the risk to EUCAR 2 by increasing conductivity without increasing thickness.

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    Nabw22 2022-11-11 Nasa Battery Workshop - Coulometrics

    Uploaded by

    windows master
    6 views28 pages
    The document summarizes Coulometrics' development of safer high energy density lithium-ion batteries. It discusses (1) Coulometrics' development of a silicon anode material to increase energy density, (2) nail penetration testing showing standard cells reached EUCAR 7 (explosion risk), and (3) how switching to metalized current collectors decreased the risk to EUCAR 2 by increasing conductivity without increasing thickness.

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    The document summarizes Coulometrics' development of safer high energy density lithium-ion batteries. It discusses (1) Coulometrics' development of a silicon anode material to increase energy density, (2) nail penetration testing showing standard cells reached EUCAR 7 (explosion risk), and (3) how switching to metalized current collectors decreased the risk to EUCAR 2 by increasing conductivity without increasing thickness.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    6 views28 pages

    Nabw22 2022-11-11 Nasa Battery Workshop - Coulometrics

    Uploaded by

    windows master
    The document summarizes Coulometrics' development of safer high energy density lithium-ion batteries. It discusses (1) Coulometrics' development of a silicon anode material to increase energy density, (2) nail penetration testing showing standard cells reached EUCAR 7 (explosion risk), and (3) how switching to metalized current collectors decreased the risk to EUCAR 2 by increasing conductivity without increasing thickness.

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    of 28

    THE DEVELOP OF SAFE HIGH ENERGY

    DENSITY LIBS

    2022 NASA Aerospace Battery Workshop


    Dr. Edward R. Buiel, Ameer Jibrin, Joe Turner
    Coulometrics, LLC
    Date: November 15th, 2022

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 1
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    Outline
    • Coulometrics Overview
    • Development of Trion Silicon Anode Material
    • Nail Penetration Testing of NMC622 Cells
    • Conclusion

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 2
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    Coulometrics, LLC
    History
    2008: Founded as an “Advanced Energy Storage
    Consulting Company”
    2011: First lab building coin cells and providing basic
    echem testing
    2013: 10,000 sq ft building, installed coating lines / cell
    assembly
    2016: Started PUREgraphite, LLC (sold to Novonix in
    2019)
    2017: Expanded to 31,000 sq ft.
    2021: Expanded to 54,000 sq ft.
    2022: Material Lab
    2023: Cylindrical cell production facility

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 3
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    Coulometrics, LLC
    What do we do?
    • Provide state-of-the-art cell
    assembly, testing services,
    material development, and
    cylindrical cell production
    capabilities.

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 4
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    CM – Equipment
    Mixing / Coating

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 5
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    CM – Equipment
    Production Coating / Calendering

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 6
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    CM – Equipment
    Dry room (x2) Cell Assembly

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 7
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    CM – Equipment
    2,500+ testing channels

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 8
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    CM – Equipment
    Full Analytical Lab

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 9
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    NMC/Graphite

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 10
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    EUCAR Ratings for
    Lithium-Ion Batteries
    Minimum rating for a nail
    penetration test as the cell
    is going to be limited to:
    “irreversibly damaged”

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 11
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    NMC/Graphite

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 12
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    NMC/Graphite
    • EUCAR of ???
    + Stack is still visible
    + Aluminum foil at top
    of electrodes is
    gone
    + Copper foil is still
    present
    + Massive hole where
    the nail penetration
    occurred

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 13
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    NMC/Graphite
    • EUCAR ?
    + Rupture: 6
    + Explosion: 7

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 14
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    High Energy Density
    Cell Build
    • Trion Si was added to the anode to increase the energy density
    of the cells
    + Energy density was increased from 700 to 800 Wh/L
    • Same nail penetration was done on the new cells to compare to
    the standard graphite
    • Metalized current collectors increase the energy density ~3%
    + The metalized current collectors are ~7µm thinner
    + Metalized current collector cells have 20-30x the impedance
    ! 30mΩ compared to just over 1mΩ

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 15
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    High Capacity Cell
    NMC/Gr+20%Si
    • EUCAR of 7

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 16
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    NMC/Gr+20%Si
    • EUCAR of 7
    + Cathode is gone
    + Anode is gone
    + Tabs are gone
    • Copper is melted
    + Melting point of copper is
    1085⁰C

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 17
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    NMC/Gr+20%Si

    All of the higher energy density cells


    made with Si show similar behavior

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 18
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    What can you do to make
    these batteries SAFE?

    •New separator?
    +All ceramic or coated separator films
    +Higher temperature resistance
    +Better able to separate anode / cathode

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 19
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    New Separator
    High Capacity NMC622
    • EUCAR 7

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 20
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    What can you do?
    • Metalized Current Collectors?

    Metal coating Cathode


    Plastic Core (~5µm) Coating(~3.5
    (~1µm)
    mAh/cm2)

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 21
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    Metalized CC
    High Capacity NMC622
    • EUCAR 2!!

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 22
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    Metalized CC (TAKE 2)
    High Capacity NMC622
    • EUCAR 2
    • AGAIN!

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 23
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    Metalized CC (TAKE 3)
    High Capacity NMC622
    • EUCAR 2
    + Voltage
    remains stable
    + No smoke
    + No fire
    + Minimal if any
    temperature
    increase

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 24
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    Metalized CC (TAKE 4)
    High Capacity NMC622
    • Bottom the
    chuck into
    cell for
    increased
    abuse
    + Cell is still
    safe!

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 25
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    EUCAR Ratings for
    Lithium-Ion batteries

    Improvement from a 7 to
    a 3 with only changing the
    current collector!

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 26
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    #3 Metalized Current
    Other Repeat Cells

    Cells with Metalized Current Collectors

    No Smoke, No Fire, No Explosion, No


    Voltage Drop, 2-3⁰C increase in
    Temperature

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 27
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information
    Trade-offs
    • Lots more testing needs to be completed in order to prove this
    technology is viable
    • Cells limited to 1C or lower
    • Significant issues remain with tab welding
    • However – the cell production process is almost exactly the
    same with limited impact on the entire process
    • Can enable a next generation of high energy density cells >900
    Wh/L

    © 2022 Coulometrics, LLC - All Rights Reserved


    November 15th, 2022 28
    Contains Confidential and Proprietary Information

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