SIR SYED UNIVERSITY OF

ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY

FLUID MECHANICS LAB PROJECT(CV-207)

Submitted By: Ch.M.Hazim Ullah

Roll No: 2020-CV-077
Section: B

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 “DIFFERENTIAL MANOMETER”

Simple manometers are those monometers whose one end of the manometer is
connected to the point at which pressure is to be measured and another end is open in
the atmosphere.
A differential Manometer is more of a “pressure comparing” device rather than a
“pressure measuring” device. The differential manometer is used to measure
the difference of pressure between two points.

Differential manometer is a type of pressure difference measuring device used for

measuring pressure difference between 2 different pipes or 2 points on the same pipe.

 Working
Differential manometer consist the u tube filled with manometric fluid (this manometric
fluid's specific gravity should be higher than the fluids which pressure have to measure)
whose both ends are connected to the points whose pressure is to be measured. As we
connect the both ends of the differential manometer to the points of the pipe at which
the pressure difference is to be measured then after the pressure variation the heavy
liquid/manometric fluid moves and after the equilibrium we get the pressure
head "h" and by using the hydrostatic law and balancing the column method we may
calculate the pressure difference between the points

 Types of Differential Manometer

On the basis of the design of differential manometers may be classified as the U tube
differential manometer and the inverted u tube differential manometer.

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  Differential U-tube manometer

A differential U-tube is closed and both ends are filled with different liquid/gas at
different pressures. This tends to be used where the pressure needs to be measured
directly, not based on an outside pressure.

 Inverted U-tube manometer

The inverted U-tube design is used to measure low-pressure between two separate
points to a relatively high level of accuracy. Liquid is introduced to the U-tube at either
end with a volume of air separating the different liquids. The use of a tap allows air to be
expelled from or admitted into the inverted U-tube device. Thereby adjusting the
pressure difference and giving an accurate reading

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  Applications of Differential manometer

I. A differential manometer can be used to detect leaks in a pipeline as leakage

would cause pressure imbalance, thus imbalancing the manometric fluid.

II. Differential gauges can detect scale formation and blockages in pipelines using
pressure difference.

III. Liquid level in a container can also be measured in a container.

IV. It can be used as a water level indicator in a boiler as a boiler mounting.

V. A differential manometer is used in the laboratory, for calculating flow rates and
velocities of different fluids.

VI. It is also used in industries to measure differential pressures of low-velocity

fluids.

 Advantages of Differential Manometer

I. Manometers have a simple construction

II. They are cost-effective

III. It is easy to maintain.

IV. They can be easily replaced.

V. A manometer is easy to use.

VI. They have little to no operating cost.

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