UNIT I - Chapter 1

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Exercise 1

Compare and contrast the functions of the atria and ventricles. (5pts.)

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Exercise 2

1. How do the valves in the heart function?

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2. Why are there no valves in the arteries?

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Exercise 3

Make a chart of the components of the human blood showing their functions and their
relative proportions in terms of blood volume. (10pts.)

Exercise 4

Explore. Fill in the blanks

1. The heart consists of two ____________.

2. The upper section of one side of the heart is called an ____________.

3. The lower section of one side of the heart is called a ____________.

4. The heart drives the blood through the ____________.

5. The heart has a ____________ that keeps blood flowing in only one direction.

6. The heart beats about ____________ times a day unceasingly.

7. Blood goes from the heart to the ____________ to get oxygen.

8. The ____________ carry blood away from the heart and into the capillaries in the
tissues.

9. The ____________ return deoxygenated blood to the heart and drain the capillaries in
the tissues.

10. The ____________ in the lungs facilitate the exchange of gases by releasing carbon
dioxide and taking in oxygen.

Exercise 5

Which circuit is larger; the pulmonary or the systemic circuit? Explain your answer.
(5pts.)
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Exercise 6 (5pts.)

Where does the blood that enters the left atrium come from? Is this blood
oxygenated?

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Exercise 7

Why does the body need oxygen? (5pts.)

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Exercise 8

What are the plasma prioteins? Explain what they are.

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2. ____________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________

Exercise 9.

A. Multiple choice. On the space provided, write the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer.

_____ 1. Which of the following processes keeps the composition of the blood
constant?

a. absorption c. diffusion

b. circulation d. coagulation

_____ 2. Oxygen-rich blood passes through all the arteries in the body except through
one artery. Which artery is this?

a. aorta c. pulmonary artery

b. coronary artery d. renal artery.

_____ 3. Which of the following cells are active in fighting infections by killing and
ingesting bacteria and fungi?

a. basophils c. neutrophils

b. eosinophils d. platelets

_____ 4. Which of the following is a function of the circulatory system?

a. maintaining a state of balance

b. supplying carbon dioxide gas to cella for cellular respiration

c. removing waste materials from the body tissues

d. removing oxygen from the blood

_____ 5. Which of the following is a correct direction of blood flow?

a. left ventricle > lefr atrium > semilunar valve

b. left atrium > left ventricle > semilunar valve

c. right ventricle > right atrium > pulmonary artery

d. right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary artery

_____ 6. Which part of the heart prevents the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated
blood?

a. mitral valve c. tricuspid valve

b. pericardium d. septum

_____ 7. Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?

a. arteries c. veins

b. capillaries d. all types

_____ 8. Which of the following serves as a passageway for both air and food?

a. nose c. larynx

b. pharynx d. trachea

_____ 9. Which of the following is the site of gas exchange in the lungs?

a. alveolus c. trachea

b. bronchiole d. larynx

_____ 10. Which refers to a flap ot tissue that prevents food from entering the trachea?

a. epidermis c. larynx

b. epiglottis d. pharynx

B. Questions

11. Why is it not a good idea to exercise vigorously right after eating?
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12. Explain how blood in your veins is able to return to your heart despite the
downward pull of gravity.
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13. What are the functions of the blood vessels in the circulatory system?

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