KYA103 Introductory

Physics

Lecture 2
• Graphs of Motion
• Equations of Motion

Record!
utas.edu.au
Lesson Overview

Graphical representation of:

• Displacement versus Time
• Velocity versus Time
• Acceleration versus Time

Derivation of the equations of motion

• With constant velocity
• With constant acceleration
Constant Velocity
𝑠 𝑡 = 𝑟 𝑡 − 𝑟0 = 𝑣𝑡

Slope of 𝑠 − 𝑡 graph is velocity Area under 𝑣 − 𝑡 graph displacement/distance

Exercise 1

A ball is rolled along a table at constant speed of 1m/s. After travelling 2

meters, it bounces off a wall (assume that it bounces back at the same
speed that it hits the wall).
Draw displacement vs. time and velocity vs. time graphs for the ball.

2.5
1.5
2
Displacement [m]

Velocity [m/s]
1.5 0.5

1 0
0 1 2 3 4 5
-0.5
0.5
-1
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 -1.5
Time [s] Time [s]
Constant Acceleration
line
1 parabola
𝑠 𝑡 = 𝑟 𝑡 − 𝑟0 = 𝑣0 𝑡 + 𝑎𝑡 2
2
𝑣 𝑡 = 𝑣0 + 𝑎𝑡
𝑣 2 = 𝑣02 + 2𝑎𝑠
accelerating
Distance/displacement
is area under constant speed
𝑣 − 𝑡 curve
Average velocity:
𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑣0 +𝑣
𝑣= =
𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 2

Acceleration is
the slope of
𝑣 − 𝑡 graph
Slido

A rugby player is running down a rugby field in a straight line. He

starts at the try line.
1s later he is on the 10-meter line;
at 2s, he is on the 20-meter line;
at 3s, he is on the 30-meter; and
at 4s, he is on the 40-meter line.

a) He is accelerating
b) Each consecutive second, he covers a greater distance
c) He is moving at a constant speed (on average)
Slido

If an object has an acceleration of 0 m/s2, then one can be sure

that the object is stationary.

TRUE or FALSE?
Exercise 2

What is the velocity of the object?

(a) (b) (c)

i. 0-5s: i. 0-5s:
i. at t=13s:

ii. 5-10s: ii. 5-10s:

Exercise 3

What is the acceleration of the object?

(a) (b) (c)

i. 0-5s: i. 0-5s: i. at t=13s:

ii. 5-10s: ii. 5-10s:

Exercise 4

What is the displacement of the object?

(a) 0-10s: (b) 0-10s (c) 0-15s
Demonstrations – Using Tracker

What do you expect graphs of a rolling ball to look like, vs graphs

of a ball falling through air?
Make a video, analyse using Tracker software, and post your
results in the demos!
Exercise 5
Consider the motion of an object shown in the graph below. Take East
to be positive direction.
i. Sketch acceleration versus time graph.
ii. Calculate the displacement and the distance that the object
travelled in 60 seconds.
iii. Calculate the average velocity and average speed of the object for
the 60s of the motion.
iv. Describe in words motion depicted in the diagram
15

10
Velocity [m/s]

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

-5

-10
Time [s]
Exercise 5 i.

i. Sketch acceleration versus time graph.

15

10

Velocity [m/s]
5

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

-5

-10
Time [s]
Exercise 5 ii.
Take East to be positive direction.
ii. Calculate the displacement and the distance that the object
travelled in 60 seconds.

15

10
Velocity [m/s]

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

-5

-10
Time [s]
Slido

When is the object speeding up? Select all option which apply

a) 0-10s
b) 10-20s
c) 20-26.7s
d) 26.7-30s
e) 30-40s
f) 40-50s
g) 50-60s
Exercise 5 iii.&iv
iii. Calculate the average velocity and average speed of the object for
the 60s of the motion.
iv. Describe in words motion depicted in the diagram