1.

Watch the video and try to give your own definition of multiculturalism based on what
you see in it.

Multiculturalism is not a thing to be avoided. But it is something that makes the world beautiful. The
more we know about the cultures of others, the more open-minded, tolerant and global we become. Our
cultural values, traits and beliefs are different and diverse. We are all different, but together we are the
same. We must respect each others cultures and differences throughout the world to prevent racism,
hate and discrimination.

Answer:
Multiculturalism refers to a social ideology that recognizes and embraces the diverse cultural
backgrounds, values, traditions, and beliefs of individuals within a society or across the world.
It acknowledges that cultural differences exist and should be respected and celebrated.
Multiculturalism promotes the idea that through knowledge and understanding of various
cultures, individuals become more open-minded, tolerant, and globally aware. It emphasizes
the importance of respecting and valuing cultural diversity to foster harmonious coexistence,
combat racism, hate, and discrimination, and create a beautiful and inclusive world where
people of different backgrounds can thrive together.

1. Watch the video and answer the questions:

 How is a multicultural society defined, what other concepts are related to it and how?
(The concepts segregation, assimilation and multiculturalism describe how these different
cultures or ethnic groups relate to each other and their attitudes to cultural differences. )

Answer: A multicultural society is defined as a society where multiple cultures coexist and it is
the result of immigration.
The other concepts related to it are segregation, assimilation and multiculturalism. These
concepts influence how different cultures or ethnic groups relate to each other.

 What happens in a segregated multicultural society?

In a segregated multicultural society, different cultural or ethnic groups live in separate communities or
neighborhoods and have limited interaction with one another. Also, the dominant culture enjoys
exclusive privileges and exercises authority over establishing the norms and regulations. (the dominant
culture holds all the privileges and sets all the rules.)

 What does the “melting pot” metaphor stand for?

(Assimilation also referred to as the melting pot, is when minority cultures are expected to
adopt the dominant culture and discard their “old culture”. A term coined by Israel Zangwill
to illustrate how people from different nations were melted together and born again as
Americans.)
The "melting pot" metaphor represents the idea of assimilation, where individuals from diverse cultural
backgrounds are expected to blend together into a unified culture by adopting the dominant culture
while leaving behind their own cultural identities and practices.
  Why is multiculturalism also called “salad bowl”?
(Multiculturalism, also referred to as the salad bowl, is when the cultural minorities are allowed and
expected to keep their values and habits, as long as they adapt to common dominant values. The salad
bowl is often used as a metaphor to explain multiculturalism. In the salad bowl model, each culture
represented by the different ingredients retains its own distinct qualities, but they all have a sense of a
common national identity. In this way they develop a double identity or what is commonly referred to
as a complimentary identity. We also use the term "hyphenated" to illustrate the double identity. As for
example a Norwegian American is a hyphenated American.)

Answer: Multiculturalism is also called the "salad bowl" because it represents a metaphorical
understanding of how diverse cultures coexist within a society. In a salad bowl, each ingredient retains
its distinct identity and characteristics, contributing to the overall composition of the salad. Similarly, in
multiculturalism, different cultural groups are encouraged to maintain their unique values, traditions,
and customs, while also adapting to and respecting the common values shared by the broader society.
The metaphor highlights the idea that cultural diversity can coexist harmoniously, with each culture
contributing to the overall richness and flavor of the society, much like the different ingredients in a
salad.

 What is the term “hyphenated” used for?

The term "hyphenated" is used to describe individuals who identify with multiple cultural or
national identities, often indicated by a hyphen between the two identities. It signifies the
recognition of both the individual's ethnic or cultural heritage and their national identity. The
hyphen serves as a symbolic representation of the dual or complementary identity, highlighting the connection between
the individual's cultural background and their affiliation with the larger society. The term "hyphenated" emphasizes the
notion that individuals can embrace and celebrate multiple aspects of their identity, integrating their cultural heritage with
their sense of national belonging.

3. Watch the video and answer these questions:

 What point is the speaker trying to make about multiculturalism in Britain and how does
he attempt to prove it?

The speaker is making the point that Britain has not implemented a policy of integration for
immigrants, unlike some European countries. Instead, multiculturalism in Britain has
allowed immigrant communities to come, settle, and establish their own communities
while preserving their distinct cultural, religious, and culinary traditions. The speaker
acknowledges that immigrant communities have brought their unique aspects of identity,
including food, clothing, culture, and religion.

However, the speaker also mentions that in recent years, there have been concerns raised
about this version of multiculturalism. Some argue that it can lead to segregation within
society. The speaker does not explicitly provide evidence to prove this point in the given
statement, but by mentioning the potential issue of segregation, they hint at the
possibility that multiculturalism may contribute to the creation of separate and isolated
communities within Britain.
Overall, the speaker's intention is to highlight the existence of multiculturalism in Britain,
its positive aspects such as the preservation of diverse cultural expressions, and the
contrasting view that it can potentially lead to segregation.

 What is the problem according to Kimberly Macintosh?

(Under the doctrine of state multiculturalism we have encouraged different cultures to live separate lives, apart
from each other and apart from the mainstream.)
Answer: it seems that Kimberly Macintosh disagrees with the speaker's characterization of
multiculturalism as a problem. She believes that the speaker is making a false
equivalence between multiculturalism and extremism or living a separate life.
Macintosh argues that if there are concerns about extremism or isolated communities,
they should be addressed directly and accurately, rather than attributing them to
multiculturalism as a whole. Her viewpoint suggests that the problem lies in
misattributing certain issues to multiculturalism and failing to address them
appropriately on their own terms.

 What is Rabbil Sikdar’s view on multiculturalism? ( There has been complex, has been a lot of
problems and some communities integrate better than other minorities. Some community feel like that
multicultures are changing their towns too much quickly, but these are challenges than can be overcome. They
should not necessarily mean thet multiculturalism is a failure )
Rabbil Sikdar's view on multiculturalism is that while there have been complexities and
challenges, it is important to recognize that some communities integrate better than
others. He acknowledges that there may be concerns among certain communities about
the rapid changes brought by multiculturalism, but he believes that these challenges can
be overcome. According to Sikdar, these challenges should not be seen as evidence of
multiculturalism's failure.
Rabbil Sikdar's view on multiculturalism acknowledges the complexity and challenges
associated with it. While some communities may integrate better than others, he believes
that the perception of multiculturalism rapidly transforming towns should not
automatically be seen as a failure. Instead, he emphasizes that these challenges can be
overcome.

 What is the issue presented by Shams Uddin?

AnswerȘ According to Shams Uddin, the issue presented is that the older generation, who used to work and live in
the area, no longer have employment opportunities and are unable to afford to live there. As a result, they are
becoming increasingly isolated and distanced from the vibrant multicultural community that now exists in the
area.

 What reason is mentioned in the video for the votes in favor of Brexit?
The white british population decreased from 80% in 2001 to 49% in 2011.
  What is the importance of immigrants in Britain, according to the speaker?
According to the speaker, the importance of immigrants in Britain is highlighted by their significant
contributions in various fields. The example of Mo Farah, a British sporting hero of Somali origin, winning
multiple Olympic gold medals, showcases the achievements of immigrants in sports. Additionally, immigrants
and their children have played a crucial role in shaping British society in sectors such as healthcare, media,
politics, and business. Their contributions have become integral to the fabric of British society, emphasizing the
positive impact of immigrants on the country's cultural diversity, economy, and overall development.

 What did Brexit reveal, according to the speaker?

According to the speaker, Brexit revealed deep-rooted frustrations and divisions regarding the concept of
multiculturalism and its impact on Britain. The EU referendum brought to light the existence of divergent
opinions and concerns regarding the effectiveness of multiculturalism. The outcome of the referendum raised
questions about whether multiculturalism has truly succeeded or if it is time to consider alternative approaches
to address the societal challenges and complexities associated with cultural diversity.

4. Watch the video and answer these questions:

In 2019, the World Health Organization estimated that there are about 1 billion migrants in the
world nearly wanted eight people. This means that more than ever before, we live in societies,
made out of many cultures, and this diversity can be a beautiful thing. In Australia, Harmony
day is celebrated on the 21st of March each year. And aims to grow, inclusiveness, respect and a
sense of belonging for everyone. But the very fact that this course needs to be fought for implies
that it's not something everyone naturally does.

 What are the positive and negative consequences of cultural diversity?

The positive consequences of cultural diversity are that it can lead to growth, inclusiveness, respect, and a sense of
belonging for everyone.
The positive consequences of cultural diversity are that it can lead to stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination.
(Understanding stereotypes using the tri-component model off attitudes: cognitive, affective, behavioural)

 What is prejudice and what is it based on and what are its forms of expression?
Cultural prejudice refers to the negative attitudes, beliefs, or stereotypes that individuals or groups
hold towards another culture or cultural group. It involves judging or discriminating against
people based on their cultural background or characteristics, often resulting in biased opinions,
unfair treatment, or exclusion.
Factors that may lead to cultural prejudice:
- cultural insensitivity and lack of awareness
- work ethic and approached to completing tasks
- decision making styles
- different verbal and non-verbal communications styles.

Expression of prejudice:
- xenophobia: the fear of, or strong animosity towards people of different races or cultural
backgrounds
- ethnocentrism: the belief yhat one.s own ethnicity or culture is superior to all the others.
- racism: negative emotions or actions towards someone simply based on their race

 How can racism manifest itself?

- explicit racism is neggative behaviour towards members of a particular cultural group that are
overt and intentional in nature (make america white again)
- implicit racism is negative behaviour towards members of particular cultural group that is covert
and often unconscious or concealed. (police pulling drivers over due to the colour of their skin,
people fearing or mistrusting those who do not look like them)