General Overview of Basic Clothing and Textile Clothing Selection & Design

LESSON 2
Objectives
1. Enumerate the ways to develop Personal Entrepreneurial Competences.
2.Discuss some tips to consider on the Selection of Clothing materials.
3.Determine the elements of design to be considered in designing a
garment:
4.Explain the importance of appropriate clothing for various ccasions.
Clothing
• Shows the personality of an individual. The figure, color, style and
accessories are best shown in the choice of clothes.
• Feelings, mood and taste show the inner side of a person which will
protect the self confidence of being properly dressed and enjoys the
compliments of others.

Lesson 1: Personal Entrepreneurial Competencies of a Fabric - Is made by weaving, knitting, crocheting and netting of natural and
Dressmaker/Tailor synthetic or man-made fibers.
NATURAL FIBER
Source
Dressmaker • Cotton Plants. (DENIM, COTTON, CODURAY)
A dressmaker, also known as a seamstress, is a person who makes
clothing for men and women. Characteristics
• Easily wrinkle
• Comfortable absorbent Carries heat from bodies
Personal Entrepreneurial Characteristics of the Dressmaker/Tailor.
1. Creative and Innovative. They are always on the lookout for Suitable for Work clothes, unifrom, and daily wear
Source
new creations or designs and new ideas in clothing. They think of • Flax Plants. (LINEN)
better ways to run a business and improvise on the products and
services offered. Characteristics
• wrinkle, shiny, strong but stiff, elegant, comfortable, and carries heat away from the body.
2. Opportunity Seeker. They are keen observers of their
environment and have an eye for spotting new trends in the Suitable for casual dresses, office clothes
garment industry that could spark a business opportunity. Source
3. Motivated. They are ambitious. They see the bigger picture and • Pineapple Plants. (PIÑA)
make things happen. Characteristics
4. Persistent and Determined. They continue to pursue a goal • Fine, shiny and strong but stiff, elegant, and absorbs heat
despite some obstacles they may encounter.
Suitable for Special Clothes, Barong Tagalog and Filipiniana
5. Efficient. They devise ways to ensure work is accurate and Source
completed on time. They always strive to meet or even raise • Silk Worm SILK (CREPE)
standards of quality and find ways to do things better.
Characteristics
6. Trustworthy and Honest. They are honest and honorable in all • Luxurious to the touch, strong and fine
business dealings and interpersonal relationships whether it is • Very warm, elegant, and shiny
between business partners, employees, and pers. This is
Suitable for formal dresses suit useful for linings and lingerie
important in developing goodwill and loyalty. Source
7. Emotionally Stable. They have strong emotional stability. They Animal Fur (WOOL)
know that loss and failure and inherent in any business endeavor
Characteristics
and that they are ready to face any risk that comes their way. • Wrinkle
8. Negotiator. They employ careful strategies to connect and • Very warm and absorbent
negotiate with other people. They communicate well with clients
Suitable for used for coat and suits
to determine how they want a sewing job done. MAN-MADE OR SYNTHETIC FIBERS WITH CHEMICAL SOLUTIONS
9. Committed. They accept full responsibility for the problems Source
encountered, help their own workers to get the job done to strive • Acetate. (JERSEY, SATIN)
• Rayon
to keep the client satisfied.
10. Information Seekers. They read books, attend seminars and Characteristics
consult experts to be aware of the latest service techniques and • Silk-like appearance
• Easily wrinkle
technology in the garment industry. They have a thorough • Warm
understanding of fabrics, seams, and pattern applications. They • Soft and comfortable
personally seek information about their clients to serve them • Resemble Natural Fibers
better. Suitable for used for sportswear, sleep clothes, and sweats shirts
11. Excellent Planner and Goal-Oriented. They are excellent at Source
developing logical, step-by-step plans to reach goals, overseeing • Acrylicz. (ORLON)
• Resin
progress, and using them to make business decisions.
12. Self-confident. They have self-confidence and they believe in Characteristics
their own capabilities. Belief in one’s capabilities is very important • Wrinkle Free
in achieving any goal. • Emirates
• Strong
• High Resistance to heat
How to develop your PECS? • Stretchable
1. Dream Suitable for Lingerie/Pajama T-shirts, Sportswear Work clothes
2.Create a vision Source
3.Set your goals • Polyester, Fiber. (DACRON)
4.List down all of your new ideas as an entrepreneur.
Characteristics
5. Perform self-analysis • Wrinkle Free and Shiny Easy to care
6. Make plan of action • Retains pressed pleats and centerlines of
• Coats and pants

Suitable for Coats and pants, Slacks, Skirts

Source
Nylon Fiber. (STRETCHABLE/DOUBLE KNIT)

Characteristics
• Lightweight Wrinkle free Elastic Shiny

Suitable for Dresses, Suits Stockings, Thread Sportswear

QUALITIES OF GOOD CLOTHING
MATERIALS To find out if the clothing material is of good quality,
The fabric must:
1. Be easy to handle and sew;
2. Have lines and prints that are easy to work on artistically.
3. Have texture suitable to the style.

SELECTING FABRIC FOR THE DRESS

There are several fabrics to choose from but one must be guided by the
following:
1. Is the fabric made of finely woven material? Is it of good quality?
2. Is the color becoming to your complexion?
3. Do the prints match your sizes and height?
4. Is the fabric easy to maintain?
ELEMENTS OF DESIGN B. Shapes of Necklines. Necklines emphasize the shape of the face. In
Every good designer needs to understand the basic elements and choosing the neckline for a garment, consider the shape of the face
principles of design. In order to design clothes that are visually intriguing 1) A combination of vertical and horizontal lines produces square necklines
2) Diagonal lines produce V- necklines
and stand out, fashion designers have been trained to consider Four basic 3) A curve line produces round necklines.
elements and the Five Basic Principles of Designing 4) A horizontal line produces Sabrina, Boat or Bateau necklines.
5) A combination of vertical and curve lines produces U-shaped necklines.
Four Basic Elements 6) Curve lines produce scallop necklines.
1. Color
2. Lines C. Body Shapes or Figures. It refers to the overall structure of the body.
3. Shapes and forms This may be of any combined qualities in height, size and shape.
4. Texture
1. Tall, narrow rectangle or column. This body type is favored by
And five basic principles: fashion designers as models with this figure make clothes look
1. Proportion and scale great.
2. Balance Features:
• Tall • Slim hips
3. Unity (harmony) • Narrow frame • Flat bottom
4.Rhythm • Small bust • Long slim legs
5.Emphasis • High, but undefined waist • Long slim arms

“DESIGN ELEMENTS” 2. Hourglass. It is a feminine, well-balanced and in proportion, with

The basic tools for creating art. a defined waist between a full bust and hips.
1. COLOR is the first element to which viewers respond. Color adds Features:
• Full bust
excitement, mood and emotion to a design. Color has three dimensions: • Narrow waist
1. Hue is the name of the color • Full hips
2. Value is how light or dark the color is • Round bottom Round bottom
3. Intensity is how bright or dull the color is.
• Colours decide the mood depending on the
combination 3. Top-heavy Triangle. This shape applies to those with who are
• Warm colours consists of shades obtained from red, top heavy, with width in the upper part of the body and narrowest
yellow and orange. hips, creating a triangular-shaped figure.
• Cool colours include those obtained from blue, green Features:
• Wide shoulders
and purple. • Full bust
• Tints and shades of black and white from the neutral • Undefined waist
colour range. • Slim hips
• Slim legs Slim legs Round bottom

PROPERTIES OF COLOR
4. Bottom-heavy triangle (the classic pear-shape). The pear-
A. Hue is the other name for color. It is the particular shade of color that
shape appear to carry too much weight on the hip, with the top
differentiates one from another.
1) Primary colors are red, blue and yellow. They are the basic colors where different half of the body small in comparison with the lower half.
colors originated. Features:
2) Secondary colors are combinations of primary colors such that yellow and blue • Narrow shoulders • Full hips
produces green, red and blue produces violet, red and yellow produces orange. • Small bust • Round bottom
3) Intermediate colors stem from the combination of primary and secondary colors. • Narrow waist • Heavywaist
Narrow thighs
4) Tertiary colors are obtained by mixing two secondary colors.
5) Neutral colors are the white, black and gray and are predominantly grayish and
brownish. 5. Oval. Generally taller than the apple and pear figures. The extra
height makes the oval shape easier to conceal.
B. Value is the lightness or darkness of color. White added to a color will Features:
produce tints. Black added to a color will produce shades. • Tall • Thick waist
• Narrow shoulders. • Average hips
C. Intensity or chroma is the chroma of al color corresponds to its purity • Small bust • Slimbust
Small legs Narrow waist
and saturation in a color other than black, white and gray.

Basic Psychological Effects of Colors on People
a) White makes us feel clean and fresh. White connotes innocence and purity.
b) Red makes us feel bold and daring. Red connotes passion and bravery.
c) Yellow makes us feel joyful. It also connotes cowardice and treachery.
d) Blue represents truth, loyalty, calmness and wisdom. Deep blue could also make us feel
depressed.
e) Green suggests abundance as this is the color of plants, but green could also suggest jealousy.
F) Purple is the color of royalty, but it could symbolize suffering.
g) Orange is a warm color but suggests deliciousness and ripeness. Eateries, especially fast foods,
use orange with a touch of green to stimulate appetite
2. LINE In fashion, line refers to the direction of visual interest in a garment
created by construction details such as seams, openings, pleats, gathers,
tucks, topstitching, and trims. Straight lines suggest crispness, such as that
of tailored garments; curved lines imply fluidity.
There are two kinds of lines in garments:
A. The directional line such as vertical, horizontal, diagonal, checkered, broken and curved. These
affect the height and size of an individual. Lines are serving as clothing designs like the art of printing
flowers, dots and others on fabric.
B. Structural lines are found on necklines, armholes, hemlines, darts, side seams, sleeves, collars,
tucks and pleats of garments.
3. FORM OR SHAPE refers to the form of a person which shows the
curves of the body. This includes the shape of the face, neckline and the
full body or figure
A. Shapes of Faces. There are different shapes of faces and these are:
1. Oval Face Shape – Your face is longer than it is wide. Typically, you would have a
curved jawline that’s narrower than your forehead. All kinds of neckline are becoming
to this shape
2. Heart Face Shape Your forehead is wider than your jawline. You have a pointed chin
and widow's peak. The shape is fitting to almost all kinds of necklines.
3. Round Face Shape - This resembles the shape of the moon where neckline should be
given more considerations.
4. Triangle Face Shape - You have a wide jawline and angular chin that creates a base-
down triangle. The use of wider neckline is helpful.
5. Square Face Shape -Your face is roughly as long as it is wide. Your forehead and
jawline are also roughly the same width. Your chin is less pointed than other face
shapes and your jawline is squared.
4. TEXTURE is the feel (softness, roughness, and crispness), appearance
(shininess, dullness) and weight (lightweight, heavyweight, medium weight)
of a fabric.
"PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN"
The principles of designs guide the use of design elements in the creative
process to improve or enhance user experience. In dressmaking, the
following are the important principles of designs to be considered:
BALANCE is the visual weight in design. Based on a central dividing line,
Balance makes the right and left side of a garment appear to be equal. A
garment must be balanced to be visually pleasing
1. Symmetrical Balance: Symmetrical or Formal Balance uses two identical objects on either side
of the design, such as patch pockets of equal size.
2. Asymmetrical Balance: In Asymmetrical or Informal Balance composition is different from one
side of the garment to the other. Balance is achieved through visual impact.
PROPORTION is the pleasing interrelationship between parts of a design.
The various elements in the design should be scaled in size to fit its overall
proportion.
EMPHASIS creates a center of interest in a garment. All other elements
support it by echoing its design message. A focal point can emphasize the
theme of the design. Creation of a focal point can be achieved by color
accents, significant shapes or details, lines coming together, groups of
details, or contrast
HARMONY attained when there is unity among the elements of design like
colors, lines, shapes and texture that contribute equally to produce a
pleasing effect on a garment.
RHYTHM is the repetition of an accent to create an interesting design.
Repeating an accent to different parts of the dress or one part of the dress
will achieve a design that is harmonious and therefore visually united.