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  • Cell Structures and Their Functions

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    Sheikha Kamid
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    Cell structures include organelles that perform specific functions within cells and the cytoplasm, which holds the organelles. The cell membrane encloses the cytoplasm and separates intra- and extracellular materials. There are three main types of transport across the cell membrane: passive transport via diffusion or osmosis which does not require energy, and active transport which uses energy and carrier proteins to move materials against a concentration gradient. Endocytosis and exocytosis are processes that transport materials into and out of cells using membrane-bound vesicles.

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    Cell structures include organelles that perform specific functions within cells and the cytoplasm, which holds the organelles. The cell membrane encloses the cytoplasm and separates intra- and extracellular materials. There are three main types of transport across the cell membrane: passive transport via diffusion or osmosis which does not require energy, and active transport which uses energy and carrier proteins to move materials against a concentration gradient. Endocytosis and exocytosis are processes that transport materials into and out of cells using membrane-bound vesicles.

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    18 views2 pages

    Cell Structures and Their Functions

    Uploaded by

    Sheikha Kamid
    Cell structures include organelles that perform specific functions within cells and the cytoplasm, which holds the organelles. The cell membrane encloses the cytoplasm and separates intra- and extracellular materials. There are three main types of transport across the cell membrane: passive transport via diffusion or osmosis which does not require energy, and active transport which uses energy and carrier proteins to move materials against a concentration gradient. Endocytosis and exocytosis are processes that transport materials into and out of cells using membrane-bound vesicles.

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    Cell Structures and Their Active Transport and Endocytosis is a process that

    Functions Passive Transport- Passive that brings materials into cell


    membrane transport does using vesicles.
    not require the cell to Phagocytosis is often used
    CELL STRUCTURE expend energy. Active for endocytosis when solid
    Organelles: membrane transport does particles are ingested.
    • specialized require the cell to expend
    energy. Pinocytosis has much smaller
    structures in cells vesicles formed, and they
    that perform A solution is generally contain liquid rather than
    • specific functions composed of two major solid particles.
    Cytoplasm: parts, solutes and the
    solvent. Exocytosis involves the use of
    • jelly-like substance
    membrane-bound sacs called
    holds organelles This movement from high secretory vesicles
    Cell membrane: concentration to a low
    • termed the plasma concentration is diffusion. Organelles are specialized
    membrane structures that perform
    CLASSES OF CELL certain functions.
    structure that
    MEMBRANE
    encloses the The rough ER is involved in
    cytoplasm Leak channels constantly protein synthesis and is
    allow ions to pass through. rough due to attached
    CELL- Smallest units of life Gated channels limit the ribosomes.
    movement of ions The smooth ER has no
    The cell membrane, or
    plasma membrane, is the Osmosis exerts a pressure, attached ribosomes and is a
    site for lipid synthesis,
    outermost component of a termed osmotic pressure
    cell. The cytoskeleton gives
    A hypotonic solution has a
    Materials inside the cell lower concentration of internal framework to the
    are intracellular and those solutes and a higher cell.
    outside are extracellular. concentration of water Microtubules are hollow
    The fluid-mosaic model is structures formed from
    Carrier-mediated transport
    the model used to protein subunits.
    mechanisms include
    describe the cell
    facilitated diffusion and
    membrane structure. Active transport.
    Phospholipids contain 2
    regions: polar and Facilitated diffusion is a
    carrier-mediated transport
    nonpolar.
    process that moves
    substances across the cell
    membrane

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