GROUP MEMBERS:

HAMNA TARIQ 74/FM/BSPM/S22

HARAM SHAHZAD 78/FM/BSPM/S22
AYSHA AAMIR 56/FM/BSPM/S22
MALAIKA QUDOOS 60/FM/BSPM/S22
SIDRA MAQBOOL 65/FM/BSPM/S22
COURSE TITLE: MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
SUBMITTED TO : Dr KAUSAR FAIZ KHAWAJA
DATE: 24 MAY 2023
FINAL PROJECT
INDUSTRY: TRAVELLING & TOURISM
1.The foundation for the digital transformation of the industry in your
country
a) Analysis of existing platforms of the travelling & tourism.

Existing platforms such as Expedia, Booking.com, TripAdvisor, and Airbnb have

become popular among travelers for their convenience and ease of use.

1. Expedia and Booking.com:

They provide various travel products such as flights, hotels, rental cars, and vacation
packages.

They offer a one-stop-shop for all travel needs .

Usually have competitive prices.

2. TripAdvisor:

It allows travelers to search for reviews and recommendations from other travelers.

3. Airbnb:

A platform that enables individuals to rent out their homes or spare rooms to travelers.

Offers unique accommodation options at affordable prices compared to traditional

hotels.

b) Analysis of digital infrastructure of travelling & tourism industry.

 Analysis of the digital infrastructure of travel & tourism industry reveals several key
trends and developments:

1. Online travel agencies (OTAs):

*important players in the travel industry.

* convenient way to book flights and other travel services.

2. Mobile apps:

* travelers access information and services on-the-go.

* travellers experience a smooth and less stressful vacation.

3. Social media:

*powerful marketing tool for the travel industry.

* Platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and to showcase destinations & activities to a

global audience.

4. Virtual reality: Virtual reality :

*VR increasingly being used by travel companies.

* travelers get a better sense of what a destination is really like before they book a trip.

5. Big data:

*help companies to predict trends.

*improve marketing strategies.

* optimize pricing and inventory management

c) Who are the ecosystem players? How do they contribute and

benefit from the ecosystem?

A Business Ecosystem is a network of different entities that are dynamic and interact
with each other to create and exchange sustainable value.

The main ecosystem players are:

● producers
● suppliers
● consumers
● competitors
● government agencies.

Player supports and contributes the entire ecosystem in online travel agency by;

● booking flights
● rooms
● airlines
● hotels
● Railways
● car rental.

all the way through pricing and ticketing, managing reservations, and check-in and
departure.

d) The possibility of data-driven innovation and transformation

A data-driven digital transformation can offer the MarTech resources, direction, and
uniformity throughout all applications that are required to; *integrate data,

*improve data transparency,

*guide business strategy,

The digital transformation in the tourism sector thus acts as a link between the
customers of travel agencies and other companies involved in servicing tourism, and
service providers, for whom the ability to take advantage of modern solutions is an
opportunity to differentiate themselves and gain a competitive.
2 How to apply C2B principles to the digital transformation of the
industry in your country?

To apply C2B principles to the digital transformation of Pakistan's tourism and travel
industry:

1.Conduct market research to understand consumer needs and trends.

2.Develop a user-friendly digital platform for direct consumer-business interaction.

3.Use AI and ML to offer personalized recommendations and customized experiences.

4.Include user reviews and ratings for informed decision-making.

5.Collaborate with local businesses to provide a wide range of options.

6.Optimise the platform for mobile devices and create a seamless mobile experience.

7.Ensure secure payment and data protection measures.

8.Offer reliable customer support and assistance.

9.Continuously improve the platform based on consumer feedback.

10.Implement targeted marketing campaigns to promote the platform's benefits.

By following these steps, the industry can enhance customer experiences and drive
growth.

3 What innovative changes could appear in this industry under the

empowerment of digital technologies and tools?

Travel and tourism have experienced significant digital transformation globally, with
various advancements and innovations. Here are some key ways travel and tourism
have digitalized across the globe:

Online Travel Agencies (OTAs): The rise of OTAs, such as Expedia, Booking.com,
and Agoda, has revolutionized the way people plan and book their travel. These
platforms allow travelers to compare prices, browse accommodations, and book flights,
hotels, car rentals, and activities online.

Travel Aggregator Platforms: Platforms like Skyscanner and Kayak aggregate

information from multiple airlines, hotels, and travel providers, allowing users to
compare prices and find the best deals for flights and accommodations.

Mobile Applications: Mobile apps have transformed the travel experience, offering
features such as mobile check-in, electronic boarding passes, real-time flight updates,
and hotel bookings. Travelers can access maps, destination guides, and local
recommendations through apps like TripAdvisor, Google Maps, and Airbnb.

Sharing Economy: Platforms like Airbnb and HomeAway have disrupted the traditional
hotel industry by providing a platform for homeowners to rent out their properties to
travelers. This sharing economy model has expanded accommodation options and
provided unique, localized experiences.

Online Reviews and Recommendations: Travelers now heavily rely on online reviews
and recommendations to make informed decisions. Platforms like TripAdvisor, Yelp, and
Google Reviews allow travelers to share their experiences and help others in choosing
hotels, restaurants, attractions, and tour operators.

Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR): VR and AR technologies have
enhanced the travel experience by offering virtual tours, 360-degree videos, and
immersive experiences of destinations and attractions. Travelers can explore and
visualize destinations before visiting, making informed decisions.

Digital Payments: Digital payment solutions, such as mobile wallets and online
payment gateways, have made transactions more convenient and secure for travelers.
Contactless payments, cryptocurrencies, and mobile payment apps have gained
popularity, reducing the reliance on cash.
Personalized Experiences: Data analytics and machine learning algorithms enable
travel companies to personalize recommendations and offers based on traveler
preferences and behavior. Tailored itineraries, personalized promotions, and targeted
marketing campaigns enhance the overall customer experience.

Smart Travel Assistants: Virtual assistants like Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant have
become travel companions, providing real-time information, flight updates, weather
forecasts, and personalized recommendations through voice commands and chatbots.

Destination Marketing and Promotion: Tourism boards and destination marketing

organizations utilize digital platforms, social media, and influencer marketing to promote
destinations and attract tourists. Engaging content, visually appealing imagery, and
interactive campaigns create a digital presence and inspire travelers to explore new
places.

These digital advancements have transformed the travel and tourism industry globally,
making it easier for travelers to plan, book, and experience their journeys while
providing opportunities for businesses to reach a broader audience and deliver
enhanced services.

4 How will digital transformation of this industry affect jobs,

organizational models and work culture?

What type of opportunities and challenges will have to be faced by

Businessmen/Entrepreneurs of this industry?

Introduction

Digital transformation is changing the travel and tourism industry

We'll explore its effects on jobs, organizations, and work culture

Job Transformation

Automation reduces administrative tasks

Examples: Chatbots answering customer questions, online booking systems

New skills needed: digital marketing, data analysis

Examples: Expedia, Booking.com - jobs in data analysis, digital marketing

Organizational Models

Virtual businesses and online marketplaces replacing physical offices

Examples: Airbnb connects hosts and travelers without traditional agencies

Collaborative platforms disrupting traditional structures

Examples: Uber, Lyft - connecting passengers with independent drivers

Work Culture

More opportunities for remote work

Examples: Virtual teams, remote customer support

Need for agility and adaptability

Examples: TripAdvisor using agile practices to improve their platform

Sustainability

Digitalization promotes sustainable practices

Examples: Virtual meetings reduce business travel and carbon emissions

Focus on eco-friendly options and responsible travel

Example: Zoom, Microsoft Teams reduce the need for business travel