Essay Submission

In the intricate tapestry of the criminal justice system, the question of whether to prioritize
rehabilitation over imposing long prison terms has ignited impassioned debates for decades.
This profound quandary lies at the very heart of our approach to justice, reflecting not only our
evolving understanding of crime and punishment but also our fundamental beliefs about
human potential and societal well-being.

As societies grapple with soaring incarceration rates and the complex challenges posed by a
diverse array of offenders, the merits of rehabilitation have been cast in an increasingly
favorable light. Advocates argue that focusing on healing and transformation rather than
punitive retribution can lead to a safer and more just society. Yet, entrenched in the annals of
justice are those who vehemently advocate for long prison sentences, contending that they are
essential for preserving social order and protecting the innocent.

Theoretically, this is like the old saying "if you don't want to waste time, then don't commit
crimes". Indeed, the saying is true, as a person will be more reluctant to commit a crime if he or
she perceives prison as a bad place to go.

there is new research that shows that punishment does not provide a remorseful and deterrent
effect, as the rate of repeat offenders reaches well above 60%. On the other hand,
rehabilitation seems to have a more positive impact on repeat offenders by teaching them job
skills, finding them housing, and counseling them to quit.

However, there are also some people who have the perspective that punishment is the main
function of prisons. if prisons are changed to focus on rehabilitation, then victims may feel that
criminals are treated too kindly and leniently. especially considering what they have done, so
people are reluctant to pay taxes when they know that people who have caused inconvenience
in their neighborhoods are instead given a good place to express their opinions, are treated
well, have access to free medical and psychological care, and are provided with job skills. this is
because it is a societal habit that prisons are places where people will be punished if they make
mistakes, not counseling centers.

Those who have a perspective and agree with rehabilitation see from the side of the
perpetrator of the crime who may feel forced, do it with excuses, psychological problems and
not done just for pleasure. Some criminals only commit crimes because of a need that must be
met (especially stealing and violence). For example, some homeless people commit crimes
simply because they want a warm place to live and proper food. If the offender is severely
punished and treated harshly, it will only further limit the criminal's ability to support himself
after imprisonment and will most likely increase the rate of repeat crime simply because the
criminal has no other means to rely on. Thus, rehabilitation will reduce the likelihood that the
criminal will need to commit crimes in the future.

In conclusion, it is irrefutable that we have to pursue a crime-zero society, because we want to

make our communities safe. However, if we put our efforts too much only to penalize them, we
might make driving them again into the dark corner of crime. I personally support that
government and specialists all together work together how to educate so that they can
overcome the temptation of crime.

On the one hand, advocates of long prison terms claim that detention is a better solution. In
fact, it is not, and it has been shown by highly developed countries like Norway. Nonetheless, it
is true that some violent criminals will likely not rehabilitate, even with the best social security
programs. For example, psychopaths are prone to disruptive behaviours, which are scientifically
proven to be related to brain alterations in many cases. Hence, for these kinds of criminals, long
terms should be applied, but they will need medical assistance too. Finally, if it was possible to
treat them from childhood, society would benefit a lot.

On the other hand, rehabilitation programs play an important role as they provide another
opportunity for individuals to engage in criminal activities due to unbearable urges or anger.
Domestic violence, for example, usually occurs because two partners have a persistent
unresolved argument or misunderstanding. Therefore, re-education classes and psychological
approaches can be offered in order for these offenders to understand their mistakes and re-
enter their society as reformed people.

In my opinion, There is no one-size-fits-all answer about whether criminal punishment should

emphasize incarceration or rehabilitation. While the former can lend itself well to major crimes,
the latter aims to provide a second chance for those who commit crimes out of temptation and
reduce government spending on prison facilities.

However, long prison sentences are not as important as rehabilitation for social stability. Also, I
firmly support the idea that education is, by all means, the most effective measure against
criminality. Punishment and vigilance are needed, but society will benefit more from humane
care for those who need help.