RAR OA BERL WEEE I]t DEMERS eb ERMTADPRABRPRMH BAM ize PL HESS (CUSTARD HARB FES BL © RBS R : BTC He > ERS) MAEDA AY Hate > RA CARY ~ SR RRC ER A Ee SY > DURHEPA TSH + BE > SDC OCHO > Set Hehe aca IE NAR ARIE AAR SPRATT AURA RSE, > HERR > AA ASR AB IARI ROR ae Cat Schopeni= SARAH BB Gis + MSR EE TR SY PRARDEE | AVEBi > ager): A TRA OVA ERA MUiCea te FRSA Gregory Schopen * 2018/7/30 ef « + 2018/9/19 3 fe TT EPEN A (OHA See * CityU 11601917) » se stse112 ERAATAM/2O -A#AAA+EhAa FOE BEAT is FAS LE ELISE > ey RC SEAVAA DEED ¢ ACA AE PILE > HHO aL SR > GaSe ie Wits ° Bese Rey ie» HAAR CERI) ft RARE CtaHEER) ~ CHE) ~ CHE) ~ (Hore) - ALARA SELES, (HET ATEN | ESA | HR AGE | RASA BABAR! RA Son + AK RANE + BOREAL > SUE ° OR SHR F(635-71D) EH BHDRA > Mie Ati ae : eae HAC (inamitra, 498 » ORES) ERE + BAST Hb Beme — Se RENO ANE «PAPER eR COs): HA a ES RAREM > SORES» DRO > Ae ABS EB > ALS BER » ORR UEC ABEL UHR ADEE Ay — AL GESEATELAS + 2 5 Bl (Vinayavibhanga) » Atae (Vinayavastu) + (858 4}(Vinayakgudraka) > @_£.4}(Vinayottaragrantha) 2 SBD > BLS BRB + SORE IU >» TABS 2 BH Wille Klaus. Die handschrifiliche Uherlieferung des Vinayavastu der Mialasarvastivadin. Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 1990; Shayne Clarke. Vinaya Texts. Gilgit Manuscripts in the National Archives of India: Facsimile Edition. Vol. 1. New Delhi: The National Archives of India and the International Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology & Tokyo: Soka University, 2014. SAA RAMA Ma MARA > BE S. Clarke. “Vinayas.” Brill’s Encyclopedia of Buddhism. Vol. 1. Jonathan A. Silk ed., Leiden: Brill, 2015 73-80.RAR HABE AR RO——ARSERA PS 113 (1880-1942) IKEA IRA > RINSE > Bea CEE DE) ROE AD AE « BPE OER Te Hees BABE MUNA EME RIAS > RRB HEH > HEF LAGregory Schopenfty Wt Fite > ABBE © AICLA UHR AE OBA RBUR ASH) > ESI IE PE Ti HERR BR + RR TEE > HEH BRIBE — > #3811950 LAR) ie IRA SE) — S| SBE EE ¢ Alexander Csoma de K6rés(1784-1842) Sie speak eA RAM NAAS + Anton Schiefner(1817-1879)(@222-5 55 (HEY BREA “AMSA — te TRA SBE, Beas (OUST) A > SE | 5A RBI BER, WB BER VAP) > CARPE 3(2008) » SHA + http:/www.lingshh.com/wysjdsj/10.htm( fie # A KE + 201842799 A) 5 ACR ¢ (GASPAR > + CBF GLEE) S87#(2010) : 222-223: BE FAS: (Gee GS ARRIBA)» CORLISS) 362013) : 75-101 © S PRE ERES GSH ay a ESS + UM: RSS Be S S eal BOP) > JERE BROCE AREL > 2008 Re ¢ PRAT aa Be EAM BIE RED > BAS: PEACH ARNEL > 2013 + REY: CREE AAA — OA SER al AOA) > Jb + ILC ERMUAREL » 2018 ° 2 A. Csoma de Kérds. “Analysis of the Dulva, a portion of the Tibetan work entitled the Kak-gyur.” Asiatik Research. Vol. 20(1836): 41-93. 7 8 WA. von Schiefner. Geschichte des Buddhismus in Indien aus dem Tibetischen Uebersetzt. St. Petersburg, 1869) XH EIA Ubersetzungen aus14 ERMRATAM/=O-ABAAS+EhAa W. R. S. Ralston(1828-1889)A9 32 2% © * William Woodville Rockhill(1854-1914) {tr 5eeByeee Ach — BofA HH °° ABA IRA RDA, ROTOR ES EE Sylvain Lévi(1863-1935) ° Lévi BAS ARE ABZ A > URE ARES RGULRATSRE . EAR + a RAH > MR AROD : LL CE FIRE) POS > BAS AMG ¢ EMA I > Levi ERR 1931 FPESH ARNT SSR (Gilgin Tt ayetad IRAE PAN > HE! Bk SPURS 79 > (CAME) PARR + CHAE) RAL OHSS A EF dem tibetischen Kanjur: Beitrage zur Buddhismuskunde und zur zentralasiatischen Marchenforschung. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 2007. 23] @# Jonathan A. Silk ib HAY 7P48 + “Book review of Schiefner 2007.” Indo-Iranian Journal. Vol. 53.1(2010): 65-70. 8 W.R.S. Ralston trans, Tibetan Tales, Derived from Indian Sources. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trabner & Co. Ltd., 1906 ° B98 W. W. Rockhill. The Life of the Buddha. London: K. 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Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2014: 424 n. 7.RAR HAE AR RO——OARSERA PS 11S REDE + LER eh > UN SRS + Levi SLE FERHERER AIEEE > RL CARRE) — Be PRE EPRICE SCAR Re BARES * GCE DAIS AE OB + RR REMESIR + Aa + TR + BREP SS ~ LES + ARE UI > Ae eT Ree TEER > Be (RHE + CSG Eee AMS REAR IER By RRR WEE ERLE REBAR ASW RIWR EWR > RE > [RRM Sok > FEPEIDIMRDES PE > ERASE» DRAG ARSE > ict EL BGI ‘$in8@[Mathura, SEU REIL HS Ta Im AEE DAB 150 28h) > HR BARGER BRA AIEE | Meet LA "MRAR HE ZF MB AERP ORLNEILIE te + SHB VERRIER + REAM ELA PR ee! to E>) ABER he AR @ fe Z| (Kaniska) > 2 8 EF aH (Kusinas, SUE& iS 1-3 HC) BER BAG > ARIS ALP ER + bale FP > BU REPS JG ap AE aoe AR Be BE Se LY BD HE (Purusapura, SLAG RFS 717 A A > BAY PSL) © Levi HIG BBE "MOAB | HIRO AE(Kashmir, 456 (tok) aa, | 2 @ 8. Lévi. “Note sur des manuscrits sanscrits provenant de Bamiyan(Afghanistan) et de Gilgit (Cachemire).” Journal Asiatique. Tome 220(1932): 19-20, 26-44. fj PS PaSNBOH ¢ (TTP (Gilgit) Ec RSLS ARM LEE ) > (IER) 13 152000) : 7-10 » USE HAAR) & 9 > CKIERIBAREER) (FAIR CATER) (Grab: PA HRAT] + 1983 BIEN) 24 > 4 F-42 P=116 ERAATAM/2O -A#AAA+EA ARAM > (ROT AE ROEHL > Ue EMU CO Ea > OE $9 3 HAE PC AUR ED AE MEAD RCRR AR > TRL eee ARMAE BANE > (A Lévi Fea RES Afi HR BE AD HERTS PEI Aa ttt» JHeSb > Lewis Hebi — Be Sc aa LB A > Be — BR ARB EAR > te TAS ORE T ERE aCIR + Bl JOC RS RAAT E SHERIF Le ' St): RAR BOR SecA — ¢ (ES FIRE) ac Abjalogi patum (ex RHE fil JA) > PUREE | AEs (asura) sl " ARPA) (amajja) > (7 SY) OB ARAB °° CHAE) BD ARB IE ARPES | MARR 0 (HIE) OZ | PR PERE fe REE Bea 7 CASES) BLAS "EB Fe RAR IB > ab PPS Ay iG 5 RARE TE | Dk ADI BMA 1B BBS. Lévi. “Les elements de formation du Divyavadana.” T’oung Pao. Vol.8(1907): 115, 120-121. RLévi » /ARKGI1887-1946)8F + ATLA RAPER > (1915) tase | AR A ATE ae ae ea) CEG TSE f+ 1931 5 49) “89% Jean Przyluski. “Le Nord-Ouest de I Inde dans le Vinaya des Mila- Sarvastivadin et les textes apparentés.” Journal Asiatigue. Ser. 11 Vol. 4(1914): 494(introd. by Lévi). BS (KIER) 22> 968 F - BS CAIEM) % 22> A 192. 194 be "8% CATER) @ 23 > 450 f+ 455 beRAR HAE AR RO——ARE RASH 117 “SSS REREARL A ¢ TSI + OT DAACERREAUAKIS » RE AT "ORME | ° RHE > Si BBjalauka + pijalaCk){lokaGE EBA » 1a EE PlaBjalogity rs °° Lévi AYS242 Jean Przyluski(1885-1944)fE2f3822 (al BoE MH) HRSREBBE PRR -WARNBEA RAS Es: ETE RIL > ATPL BR IES SRE RI» TRATED» DAA PR ARTE ESIGEME © fk MELE (BEE) FR CORRES > ARE MERIEENAyan me > Bi) Fac PETE DAERAH SE SE Pe Alla ee UF RPS + eA AP SES SE EMA >» RO LS PERCHA > ALLEL te CIR RSE) > DRAKE fir PBR > ReeRIRHR AR > RRM ME > Prayluski Bee (ESTER EA) BOR» ERG RAEI RIL + (BREE BLUR GE AB ORE > EIR OR BOS PAS Beret Pai « Prayluski HpE HALL Pi Peat * 1, (PERE RE) aCe ee PEPER aT SES" to OR ER A ARR MIR HABA TA OPER IL ENTER Gb HEE « Oe (AIEM) @24> A411 F +412 F- 9 85H 8. Lévi, “Observations sur une langue précanonique du Bouddhisme.” Journal Asiatique. Ser. 10 Vol. 20(1912): 508-510. 88 CHEM) BP (ATER) @ 12> A 1075 P -WS ERAATAM/=2O -A#AAA+EA 2. (EE) SMEARS RS aC AR EH dit a SE EE ZT» AY aH fin» 3. CRRA SDR) ATECRANI ADR fat > RAR CPE) AY BUA (AS MMR MA > FEA t ASUUERE ~ DETR + HG FURS > BBLS » HIRI ~ ACG + BED» IRAE Se BREA (Taranatha, 1575-1635) (FURR) soe TS EZ Bl: "RRMA ME MHRAR RARER vores fe ite RG ARS oT A Pe BE E io & We HG 8] LER REG RLF WAM KESMFE RBA > HI WOM AS AR He RRR SECHKR > MEHTA IN AE) RE DARL HABA Be LPM HSA ° 4. RA SBA PRT eR aa ° Bile + (1) ARAB AES C-3HCE) SCORSESE » DORE CR SHAR» * CAVA ED ERE ) FUSCDTRE SARA > (RMR MRERTTE « (2) AMIS Haas YAR > CHR SARS) GO "BUR SHE AAS > AFR 2 Be CMRPEM) 7 CATER) @ 50 > A 156 £ © 2 ee CRSP EM) 7 > CAE) B 50> A 1527s CRASHER) @ 40 > (ATER) 24 407 F-411 Fr 23 SeAGR HEA(19 17-1989) * (ETRE ARECE D> BQH ¢ DUI ERRRAHHREL + 1988 1s 73° (aie) 60> CAIER) 23 448 bp 2S B98 CHUA HDERMEME ) % 39 > CATERR) @% 24 > 406 T-407 b +RAR HAE AR RO—— AREAS PS 119 PER ROCHE A AB ER 1 CESARE Hh) SCR GLE PRA BAR | Zee + ZAME(Soreyya) » Hick (Kannakujja) > (2228(Udumbara) ~ [3 fi #828 (Aggalapura) ~ {ALIBI (Kosambi) » [al 51K fi Li(Ahogatiga) >} E15 (Patheyya) ~ (a SRECAvanti) ° MAE te ARATE AE SSE > aS ER IR TS RAAT AGIE] > REGRET (Pataliputra) iS ARGE ¢ iar BUSSE LL > MER RIS TEAC) > PEG CEB AIR + ib) EE (3) EL AURRK + UE Pindola) PATE] + BE AE CIR Bah > EB IGF > ORE EA ERIE ©? #L(& » Prayluski 7 Paul Pelliot(1878-1945)AYf27R > LER a) (ARID) OREM BE: Rey Bete Botha de GRATE RRL OA RRR Ko PPM. A HAPBS AH HRORY ae AE MRCMP CREM HTB HATPR LEAR “Prayluski WARM A AR, CO 6 B58 CHARMER) & 40> (ATER) 24> 44 Gre ” 28 Bhikkhu Sujato & Bhikkhu Brahmali. The Authenticity of the Early Buddhist Texts. ee eres eee https://ocbs.org/wp- content/uploads/2015/09/authenticity. pdf(he% Bi BH + 2018 4% 6 25 Fl): 24. 8 BB CCA EDRRER ) % 16 > CATERR) 24 4 80 F + 2° 89 J. Przyluski. The Legend of Emperor Asoka in Indian and Chinese Texts. Dilip Kumar Biswas trans., Calcutta: Firma K. L. 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London:RAR — AME | BH RGB——URELRA PS 121 AME) CTW MEAN Hise ERO ° “Marcel Hofinger #gil) RASA, T (MARE) BRET A BASS — ree SRO a BEA ° ** = > EOBIGRY 1950-1980) Erich Frauwallner(1898-1974)Ay @: 84 & The Earliest Vinaya and the Beginnings of Buddhist Literature > G(s 3U& Ub EY (ERAT BIRT > ZPRT Naa * ICE RTZ50% > Bal BF EDS (Vidisa, SF RE PR HG 3 FL[Bhopal}t: EE Eb [Bhilsa] ffi) msAissh » WME UISS > HReHY FRAC GRSE | > DOH eee + PAMELA IR BR RES UO PS ACE SR BARBER ICAL > (SE (tan) | PRG SEE SBA > I AEHEED > ERR COLAY CED + SRS A TSE SE SS 2 le Be RES BRS > icra» AR COSTAE) + MAUR SHH TLARSAEEES > BRE CFIA) © CRSA» I eH ERE) OBOE i IRAE: PRE TEER Bl CARS) ARECAY "AB a A CREE) Ava | af Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., 1921. Vol. 1: 263, 301. pa SBE (1916-1997 88 + (EAU ACR AM) > GAL | BEG MANEL > 1982/1987 : 208 » 263 > *S 8.9% B. Rowland Jr. “A note on the invention of the Buddha image.” Harvard Journal of Asiatie Studies. Vol. IW(1948): 184. 3 399 M. Hofinger. 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London: Routledge, 2002: 3-7; Alexander Wynne. “On the Sarvastivadins and Mulasarvastivad Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies. Vol. 9(2008): 254-261; FEAF + ( LUE HAER— OA TAR — OA A i > CR) 26 HQ008) SBMA http://www.chinabuddhism.com .cn/a/fayuan/2008/20080 1f19.htm({g %& A BA 2018 47 A 1 A) > SRE + AER RR A BSS PLASC: FARES | EG OARS 1) > CEU ROADRAR — HME | FH RDB BRELRA Ps 123 Etienne Lamotte(1903-1983)} "HARK, Hypeatp AMAUiT a > EBA ON YR > ft EM A Histoire du Bouddhisme Indien » ${Frauwallner} (Kat) 1.5 (SCH PR: CEBMB— KR > ORBEA 1a > SES ek A+ ah (UE SER ERE CEE CULT RR RA RA SHE: RRS REARS MEA» Be eae 4% AAR Rj? URE RES Pe BN CaREE) © CAS Ea Mae ATR RED hy BRR OE BI RAR Bo “SLamottedisBay | ABDC HYPER RROD + Hilt ac BRAS: AT & 1 F1998) ¢ LUL-119 S/R PRADA | bt 9 BABICO UT) > (EVE RBARGAZE) 55 2 HE(2007) : 132-135 + “Lamotte 8} (Aaa) SISCAUARAR > RUSSIA Baw ° GM Wynne 3B He] SCE EL SPOTL SG PRS + SA eb BR + RB, VRE F INSRaS RP SBE "HATS | TATE RAR (“On the Sarvastivadins and Milasarvastivadins.”: 256-257) » FEEUIE(1906- 2005)sias (Aan) ABH ae HR Aa) Re SRAEPG A CAR SD He > EHO IIL «RS GCHB . BoB — SER TTT aK © BRGHE ERGY (HEE) SSS MET + CPR REAM AT AAD * BL Are ARAL AME MEEK: PART AA + Fug a > Ay ARE Ze ME RY TS BTA A ane) eT BOE 1° LRA MAAA BRR LTTE > ATA SPSS + AE RHE 2° Eh RAR REAR BO SST AA RR AA (KBR) ZIRE) CORRE124 EMRATAM/=O-A#AAA=+EE lL. FRAME RAPE MENS + bE > SSO Hes He MEH HN US E> OS CASE HHH (1288143) © 2. UNGER | SHARAF + 7B ee IN Por OL CEA + ESCA ATT ER LZ HH + 3. 3RHAG37-422) 78402-41147 HB EN aie ik > AL AR AMEE ® 19662 + Lamotte3##“Vajrapani en Inde" 2% > Giz AS So thie PAM ECAC HaRsem > WERT Hea RUA RE) PEC PMS RE + ARMA BL WS Ee ES 9 A > PE Lamotte 827 HRT ATE — Be Ha OB CE PRICE EE > <2 BF PR EL Ae — ee > AL SBT > EATER ABET EL ° SORE TEAR RAE EPRICE SRE > MAE AEM > RE FE) 2 BE(1990) : 46-48 5 {Raa BRE ES HR) > Gedk : TERE MAREE > 1969/1986 : 76-77) > SCI HRES » HEAR wHe(193 1-2009) fe ESTE] HEH HOGA FE Ca) a me Oe > BARRE | AREA PR CHUB) > JERR | FRHSTAEHAARHE > 1965/2006 ¢ 14) = 3° 8.98 Et, Lamotte. History of Indian Buddhism: from the Origins to the Saka Era, Sara Webb-Boin(1937-2008) trans. Louvain-la-Neuve: Institut Orientaliste, 1958/1988: 174, 178, 657. Lamotte #241 NO RAS @iH : “La légende du Buddha.” Revue de U' Histoire des Religions. Tome 134(1947): 61-62.RAR — HME | EH RDB BRELRA Ps 125 PACE LUIS © Ih + LamottohiR SRA WTSE + HEM JI ESE A784 © 19704F > Lamottelis He (AF Pai) PRESS BRAT DREN AME He @i ii (Av Re) ZEA RAV REESE MTB SE ALamottes’ HHAS > (IRE ANTES ¢ AeA AE RA GEBAREM > -E §[FrauwallnerffiLamotter§ A fY @ j& + Raniero Gnoli(1930-)38 Af REHUS > (ial PRA BIAR, IIR FEEL (Pai > i AAS TUR REAR BE Be i > FE BT _E A SME > AE aE 2H LEB) ° ESR : C) BARES APMC MN RS > SIR RTE BOHEME RBEE ° (2)38 Fetac Se eM (CPRIE CRE A ERD WGC > PRA SSE NTSC + IEA OE SB GS SR RP A+ Mi CSR OR) AE CRS) > RIT BA CRAM RE) CRAM): Rt BH CME “© 2 Bt. Lamotte. “Vajrapani en Inde.” Mélanges de Sinologie offerts & Monsieur Paul Demiéville. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1966: 121, 135, 136. 3Z-9% Sara Webb-Boin trans. “Vajrapani in India.” Buddhist Studies Review. Vol. 20(2003): 9, 27, 28 ‘| 33 Et. Lamotte. trans. Le Traité de la Grande Vertu de Sagesse de Nagarjuna. Vol. 3. Louvain: Institut Orientaliste, Université de Louvain, 1970: xi. PRESB ES (Kae ZEA RE ) > CaM) 62 $81(1990) + 107 ©126 EMRATAM/=O-A#AAA=+EE Bem) CT eB) OPTRA BRB RRL ° NGnolifsth (AS Raa) SBME IAS > ARE RARE) AYERS E HEA IR CAS am) oe SRMRAGN MASE eS aU ENS STAIR A HAE II ° * (SER EP ESSERE! André Bareau(1921- 1993 (eH PrzyluskifllHofinger’S} 72h Hk A PRIS EG + BEAT ARATEBCE, Be CARER) SESE BH» OGG ASR 2 A WR Gb 8 We sh AY PA RG Re > * Charles S: Prebish(1944-)Li 3 7 (PAE AT SCAY IS BE "BEER ET aR SRA RMA ACH AMM A VEER RARE) HUD A Re) MUR Oe EE ° Se (KML) 3 > (KIER) B51 A887 © 8 BH R. Gnoli ed. The Gilgit Manuscript of the Sanghabhedavastu, being the 17th and Last Section of the Vinaya of the Malasarvastivadin. Part 1 Roma: IsMEO, 1977: xix-Nx, xxi. “89 A. Bareau. The Buddhist Schools of the Small Vehicle. Sara Boin-Webb trans., Andrew Skilton ed., Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1955/2013: 201 ' @E A. Bareau. “La construction et le culte des stipa d’ apres les Vinayapitaka.” Bulletin de I" Eeole Frangaise d' Extréme-Orient Année. Vol. 50(1962): 233 Be CHABIE) @ 12> (ATER) % 23> A691 b>RAR — SME | BE RGB—URELA APS 127 ARATEOCE , BEL FR (Sima) > SLIGR TECTIA > Sebel REDASLR > SRR ORES RIED» E(RREIBGE > 7 = + UI 980 We) SEAR RADE RAR RMS RRA Gregory Schopen(1947-) » "ti aay S45: 43: 1 (BES Relat ESE BR WSR AL my AS Hae + SCT Eel BAVA BO A + NTSC AEE POR > (As HL SRE — Bil ° “Schopen (YE tam CHE HS GE ERR AREA BIH PRE TE BF es ACID ea SE ESF a 3 Se (Toyika) » (i BET HLS HbA HE HE TER (pradesa)tty F > TRE FL HACHASLS > RHE: MATHS REEL WE MET AH (maha) » Fe (SARAH + SUPE CIV “ B55 C. 8, Prebish. “The Pratimoksa puzzle: fact versus fantasy.” Journal of the American Oriental Society. Vol. 94(1974): 175-176. Schopeni@80 fan 3 7 BRR atae Ra WARS | SRR oy WHS|SORein Ende. “The Milasarvastivada Vinaya: an attempt at an Index Locorum with a focus on the works of Gregory Schopen.” Master thesis, McMaster University, 2016. * 8396 HF "Two problems in the history of Indian Buddhism: the layman/monk distinction and the doctrines of the transference of merit."(1985) Bones, Stones, and Buddhist Monks: Collected Papers on the Archaeology. Epigraphy, and Texts of Monastic Buddhism in India. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1997: 24. SOP SMES A CRA ADRES) 9 12> CATER) B24 53 b-N>128 EMRATAM/=O-A#AAA=+EE » CHAE) > (HE) > A AAEEMA > DL Caar ft) AaB: MLE PERL > HAR > BED DO Sh > ERGO + SLRS Fe > CEE AR ESE Bs USE RES * HEB > HEEB EE BTR MIP RIPE > EUS Oa SENSE CARPEaL) 5038 ERIE ARIE RELA HOR AMAA > WILASR ROME HES BF > Toke EPTE) > PUG CARUHARAE) ATeCRC IS HE RHEE tH °° Schopen HEIBIEMPRRS "HRA BDAE MURR (Eb ER EIA TB EH AER ° FER > Schopen EKG [A aka RAR IRA RE ERAGE FRINGE AA ABE) CENT L ‘ENS RUE T ABS ENTS > BEATE OEY MEAT ERR RAR GEAR cH DLS - RARE OEE | TIBI Lamotte aati ase RA abt | 2644iH » TAL» Schopen 2fft "RAM, BARD | Be CHAE) % 26 > CAIERR) 22° 172 £-173 b> ° BB CRM Bal) @ 6 + CKIEM) @ 51> 900 F + S (RAERE) ARE RS OBS HMB CREA + TEER 2)> (KIER) G1) 30 E> %! B44G. Schopen. “Three studies in non-tantric Buddhist cult forms.” Master thesis, McMaster University, 1975: Part one. 19854 + Schopen ili Bs)300%8 (RET SRNE RA Be HH + “Two problems in the history of Indian Buddhism.”: 28-30,RAR — HME | HE RGB—AUREHARA PS 129 FE SUNIME, > AEA PARE SENAY © *1994 FE > Schopen th AAR AR PROD ERE SCRE eS ay, URMR ER MIS ahi MEI aeitE RR (ELE > (EUS ST 3832 > AREA A LAR ASPte Fa «HER AHGNEE SE > TERE BCA > ON LIER Shan (BRAS) (ART 2 HC Re 1 HAZ DA GU) (Yajnavalkya, 4) 1» 2 (Whee) > Wie eT E ea + Be HRA ab) AMES Zz Minor » BURR AEH ° RA AAR | FEPRES > LARS ARRYESIPY + OM. ML + REA 8S Bit ~ SUGRRE DS RLS ROTI ALS > Ere RR T TVA > SEROMA > PRIVEE ° Schopen 5 | at=3 7% John Marshall(1876-1958) fis > MA BBA FRESRP MERERA 1 HALES EBs a EP HSL: RR. MRS T PR Rete w se 1 KR 58 87K 3"On avoiding ghosts and social censure: monastic funerals in the Mulasarvastivadavinaya.” (1992) Bones, stones and Buddhist Monks: 235-6 n, 69; “The bones of a Buddha and the business of a monk: conservative monastic values in an early Mahayana polemical tract.”(1999) Figments and Fragments of Mahayana Buddhism in India: More Collected Papers. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2005: 75-76. X Schopen HS AAI ae ONES RRA A + RE) A PSPRIE RM L aT Wawhh + BA) et DAA SG BRIER + 4 FOB BEES) > HOR ¢ BPEL + 2000 + 31-50 > *Schopen S| HERA > ANE MRS ES CA AIE) @ 22> CATERED 823-0743 p-130 EMRATAM/=O-A#AAA=+EE Lat BA OMA BA + HS Fo OS ATES te MEK Too AMS OE AE cM ey LA EP STS PALS AAS RTT» EOC > ASH SEERA AGREL » SE AZRR + Schopen 3BAy HLA EDE IE (EAST + Kea ° 2000 4 » Schopen SGRAGR ES » METER AIS ri SHER | HR AEM | ATES» REUTER EES RET (> BI A > SHAR tST + Ih AR PRICE A ee OE ° He NRHA * 1, BARR SS 6 B08 E70 (Bahawalpur) it} EY (AES (Kharosthi) $424) > ERAS AR CE WS» aR AR As OL S&% (dharmakathi)Ay te Fi Nagadatta > #56 it A(yathim aropayata) > $y ‘75, (viharasvamini)hYSS BASE (TBARS oT IRA BE, SRS SRE IBGE HRA SEE — BTA BANTER A > DARD ATE Re RA BE AMBIT (yastyaropanayiyRzk © 2. HATS EAI + TOR! > BoA AGE PTE" BISNEAE | (apratithavita-prubami padhavi- 51 94 J, Marshall & » MILB: Cee vePHAL) 1 > ELPA: Ser ABR MMEEE » 2002 1 335 + 453 « S® 3 G. Schopen. “Doing business for the Lord: lending on interest and written loan contracts in the Millasarvastivada-vinaya.” (1994) Buddhism in Buddhist Monks and Business Matters: Still More Papers on Monastic Buddhism in India. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2004: 45-90.RAR — HME | HE RG—URELRA PS 131 pradegami) > @ 4728 "AT (8 | (brammapufio prasavati) > HAUNT ARS LM IRAE > HAI BT AEHES| EC -HPEMRRERBA RSA MEHR S (trepidakas) > 2, ROPER | RAED > 4. AEUSC ARR WEE, (sardhamviharin)si77 AH AC MHRA RIA SACK IBOR AT AEC F Soi) RG SALE ERE ° 5. WS46MA + HE A(Tor Dherai > fir Ak NT He PS Sh BR Se [Baluchistan] )i4 + AYRE REA 2) CHES PAS SF EFA KAY | OK HH (prapa) > FRA AB AR | ONeEM eA OKTH | AREA AIOE FARLBI © 6. AA NISC PILI EES + i RABE | ETE eam TASC He ° BIRD "HEA EAR BCD REE SC BREE: SRNLENRABRI BE > (8 ARO BUES RPI » ARH ERA, BI > AIREIENE * AERA IT (PER AB AS > BYE UE My © Sethe > GME BEER A ESL," RS ee EE AY Be a SH) IR\BAR TR > MEANS > ER AY WER SESC + TPR SCELEA CRS RDN > UY REE SEIT © 7 RARE CREB RNBAS ' few, (navakarmika) > ft 22S A See: Rice LS PSE EEE > IEEE Be a) a PTY IR AZ © wo °° 4&8 G. Schopen. “Art, beauty and the business of running a buddhist132 EMRATAM/=O-A#AAR=+E8 3247 (2001) » Schopen54— ai 3C FEE PSHE BETH AL IB) SIN > LHS BS ae > BM Be HRB MOC BE, + A TRRGEMINATIR » HZ A SVR TE + TRB ALRA CATER i ae 42 Ksatrapa) 4 5) 3 fat SE PH A -2 EE) ° | ARAL BE HPA : SRR Bie > eek PRE (vrddhanta)ikf > SHAE RE(pratapati) » (RAE > Alas RAE RP aL PRIA | > BETTE EPR > HEN EE PTE LABBAEM "ABT, Caste BAA RZ —) | ORR RRA» ARTS RRA BAM > DRE PILE: ME ERA monastery in early northwest India.”(2000) Buddhism in Buddhist Monks and Business Matters.: 21. ZIFi4F Schopen S240 RSA > LAPIS TR ABE, Hees : A-RUUE RATAR EES CHA BE) BEE Hh 7S ESRI A + IEC WRAL + th aeebse BAO Rye ERR eR» BUREAU IRL - iF aR SEH A FOE — AY RUE CARA BE) Re CE PILEN OR EAE SE ARAUEE 2B) WaT» MAN AAP bop ag eH eR IA “The good monk and his money in a Buddhist monasticism of ‘the Mahayana period’.”(2000) Buddhism in Buddhist Monks and Business Matters: 2; “Hierarchy and housing in a Buddhist monastic code: a translation of the Sanskrit text of the Sayandsanavastu of the Millasarvastivada-vinaya. Part one(from the Sanskrit).” Buddhist Literature. Vol. 2(2000): 99. sancat Schopen MARA - AYE RRSA CARI + RRM ABBA): CAM) 23> A 782 4 CARA SVEN A) BS > (KIER) G24 > A434 4 >RAR — HME | FH RDB BRELAA PS 133 BOER > PREPRINT SS ° CATER UMAGA) FPORER e ERATRI PS MAY SA OC + ie EI ES Sahri- Bahlol( 2 26 W748 G 2) BL PAIL 704 HU ha th BE Vasashka 28 4F DS SFE B94 FAC ETI UME ° © Schopen# (Mt "(RAMA ERA a AA SHER > 2004 520064 » Schopem e717) HERE He FEIGON S TH EAE PRICE ane » °20084F » Schopenfa EHF LASM » BU HLA SS @ UREA EDR > Spe AA EY SAPS ES MU BRIAN a) Be eR MOPAR CE TER ESTE BE ZO EE HIRE PANS IE + TUS th SEA o SUPE > E2007 20104F HL » Schopen¥eRA — °\ 4 J. Marshall 2 > EBESPaS : CREPCERORBER MAT) > AYN: HAP th + 1998 : 106 > I 141 © © 8% G. Schopen. “On sending the monks back to their books: cult and conservatism in early Mahayana Buddhism.”(2001) Figments and Fragments of Mahayana Buddhism in India.: 136-137 ® BF G. Schopen. “Millasarvastivada-vinaya.” Encyclopedia of Buddhism. Robert E, Buswell ed., New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004: 573; “On monks and menial labors: some monastic accounts of building Buddhist monasteries.”(2006) Buddhist Nuns, Monks, and Other Worldly Matters.: 252. °! 2 EG. Schopen. “Separate but equal: property rights and the legal independence of Buddhist nuns and monks in early North India.”(2008)134 EM RATAM/=O-A#AAA=+EE ASCO BES | Gnoli fl 3s Ca HY Sa AS SH 6 EEK + Harry Falk(1948-)#@) 02 FE SOA Bein ELS — eee» SABI HEA BOE AST ETE e © “201446 + Schopen (LF FRSF Bh ARB AE , BORE AC eae] > Ze EIEN Buddhist Nuns, Monks, and Other Worldly Matters.: 74. ° Falk FEM M EN SAAR 127 3 > SURBE ARIE SBR ¥ The yuga of Sphujiddhvaja and the era of the Kusanas.” Silk Road Art and Archaeology. Vol, 1(2001): 121-136; [ECS > SUBSE: (TH RETRIAL TEAR BE) > Uc AgP EWS > SURE a * (PA SEGK ES HESS HE Sa oe R-PRICIR AE A a &)> BL: RIN ASEMUAREL + 2014 : 172-188 > ARES > BILE AIAUE > SF Robert Bracey. “The date of Kanishka since 1960.” The Indian Historical Review. Vol. 442017): 21-61. 2 HBR SALA WEE 129-143 Be 129-131 ZA SHR CAM LOD > Tt: REE (> 2015:3+ 81> °° 894G. Schopen. “The learned monk as a comic figure: on reading a Buddhist Vinaya as Indian literature.”(2007), “On the underside of a sacred space: some less appreciated functions of the temple in classical India.”(2010) Buddhist Nuns, Monks, and Other Worldly Matters.: 416, 434, 443 n. 9."RAR HOME | RRO — AREER Ps 135 HB ER HCE (RUSE Te >» HQ HS ELH S| PSIEEN 68 SRG WARM B AMEE : Peter Skilling(1949-) ahs | RARE) LE. > BA + RAAF in JASE Hitt 2 Be» BUEPIEE ~ SOPRA RECESS SE 8 aR > CME GO SL RMR A CAE) (Svavyakhyanaabhidhana-vinaya-sitra-vrtti) fH fe HB I (Gunaprabha, 2971420) 42K BE SEE | ARO (Arya Millasarvastivadin) > Re BETES | PARE PRE (i EAT GARE © © Charles Willemen(1941-)22324, ' (RAMA) #0 (+ aE) EE te ae BE RR ° Ann °? 898 G. Schopen. “Liberation is only for those already free: reflections on debts to slavery and enslavement to debt in an early Indian Buddhist monasticism.” Journal of the American Academy of Religion. Vol. 82(2014): 610. Zi Schopen FSC + HAVBEYZ BE : “The training and treatments of an Indian doctor in a Buddhist text: a Sanskrit biography of Jivaka.” Buddhism and Medicine: an Anthology of Premodern Sources. C. Pierce Salguero ed., New York: Columbia University Press, 2017: 184. ® 8. Clarke tii ESE + BBL Family Matiers in Indian Buddhist Monasticisms. Honolulu, University of Hawai'i Press, 2014: 183 n, 130. © 83 Peter Skilling. Maha Pali Text Society, 1997. Vol. 2: 103-104. 7 &@ C. Willemen, Bart Dessein & Collett Cox. Sarvastivada Buddhist Schopen # iitras: Great Discourses of the Buddha. Oxford:136 EMRATAM/=O-A#AAA=+EE Heirman(1965-)£# 3 Fo Willemen® A SA Bf RES Mea Ti Yt MRSA Aa: MRS > AAS ee Rass > PILAR > RMD! ¢ Aah AES > Ba > DO a EC SORE AYU > APRA: eesti > SOSH (tae) > RAEI ABMS + ERICRMAR ITE - SRREWEO CEL | PAAR MRS > AES RRA R BH IEA MAAS > TIES » REI i o READER AR ARAN + ABIL Sa» BCS UROL A HRA BE + SUES DUE aR ° All >! AR ADR, BELARUS ° GI ARAB) RARE REE BERL ASE Pte AAR + BS A Mel > AT RT BR oR S ABA RARE > Mh RE ENGL CEAIEE) > CHOSE) » CHOSE) >» 1B" BRAT, BE + A GRAS) > (RAINE RACERS ORB | ay BBUF ° Heirmankas ALAA, HERAT HAR MS ARE) BE ERNIE WT RET AMRASDE, > ltt AL SRA — AIPA Zo ? Claus Vogel(1933- 2012) maz "AEM | RETNA > 5 SF EP BA Scholasticism. Leiden: Brill, 1998: 87 186 (RARE) Bl (ATER) B23 6305 © 7 $9 A. Heirman. “Vinaya: perpetuum mobile.” Etudes Asiatiques. Vol. 53(1999): 849-871; “Vinaya: from India to China.” The Spread of Buddhism A. Heirman & S. P, Bumbacher eds., Leiden: Brill, 2007: 178.RAR — SME | BE RAB—URELAA PS 137 SOMATA » PEHITSTBIE > “Petra Kicffor-PilziS thi BEE OU . ibe A Sew ° je Hk WHE > Ulrich Pagel#@tA LAMB AMR - IRA ae, ARM EME MS ARTS e ce ee ZS pe > IRAE eS EH > ay fat ARIE | RAE) PE eA LAs MSR IR ASAE SPSILEN RI Ra RARE | ST SOFAS EL» CERO + SBR PRICEN LH LAR SCAM BAIS IS)» SESE URE + Op PCRS ILE PRILEM PRI » PagelBEERIZS Hh MAR, APSA Se PYRE ARSC > SHAS Pie SLE 1 BLOT SE HH > ifi/Schopens A #h Jee SRDS TE (FL URAY > PT RERIHERR > IESE ETE 15 ae au © 3 @# C. Vogel. “On the date of the posadha ceremony as taught by the Mulasarvastivadins.” Bauddhavidyasudhakarah. Studies in Honour of Heinz Bechert on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday. Petra Kieffer-Piilz & Jens-Uwe Hartmann eds., Swisttal-Odendorf: Indica-et-Tibetica-Verlag, 1997; 673-688 4 8% Petra Kieffer-Pulz. “What the Vinayas can tell us about law.” Buddhism and Law: An Introduction. Rebecca Redwood French & Mark A. Nathan eds., New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014: 52-53. 18 &F% Ulrich Pagel. Buddhist Monks in Tax Disputes: Monastic Attitudes Towards Revenue Collection in Ancient India, Napoli: Universita degli studi di Napoli "L'Orientale, 2014: 17 n, 5. Pagel $f RRASAL HAM. 2, ROE ES Le > (te BER RARE, BR138 EMRATAM/=O-A#AAA=+EE ESN > 2AM RAE RE > Ss He Reh + Levi AMAR ARIAS 5 PARDEE) UTS Ose + HE aF45 ° Frauwallnerdi i A RARE AM MAR SARS oe BRE ARREARS | © "Lamottetts SEA BELA Ro * SA PKI1-2009) HRI: BEAR EPR RAS BRGY > BASCAR ATRL Ro PAH > J. W. de Jong (1921-2000) f# EES OD SRP CAR) ES SEARS AAS > SH ee PPACLIBSITILIUSRAAR DE + RK FEDLIT © Clarke APRS LH FORRES RE + BRT A ROYER * BUPA AS BRAT SRAMVIEA > RR ABLENIRA Bo APL PAPERS ICS AAT > 3HS4f; £ “Nothing to declare: status, power and religious aspiration in the policies of taxation in ancient India,” Medieval worlds, No, 6(2017): 103. % B88. Levi. “Observations sur une langue précanonique du Bouddhisme.”: 509, “Les elements de formation du Divyavadana.”: 122 7 &% E. Frauwallner. The Earliest Vinaya and the Beginnings of Buddhist Literature. 194-195, "P3#48 Ef 230 » *8 3. Et. Lamotte. History of Indian Buddhism.: 170 BBB: SCAR TA ADEM SCARY BETH ) (1950) » (BREIL $8) 3 HE | LRAT + 1998 : 397-309 « 80 3 J. W. de Jong. “Les Satrapitaka des Sarvastivadin et des Milasarvastivadin.” Mélanges d ‘Indianisme a la Mémoire de Louis Renou. Paris, 1968: 401 5! 8:98 S. Clarke. “Vinayas.”: 74.RAR — HME | HE RGB——URELARA PS 139 Pos sti BS OER GUS — BEF ST BR AE xB NES IR HIN ANS > BURR Bee Re BALL ks ARAB | (BEER BTR BSUS eo FEY oR RMD ROVIAL « SIAL BE RABE A tEaa Fo EMR AE RIN ae BAT Poe a PRLS ae REL ee > HR IEIEN A > Ab BAPTA OB. PR DBR RAAB > de "HAE AE REAR SOTERA RYT Sb et > ARLE RE Schopentie aE PEM, + RBZ tO IBIE 4 LE AESe OI Levi GE Heiman fits +! RAE BAR fer Sue @ME*-NN > CSRS ARE EA FRE "REA SER BSCE SL (Le RO EH — SOBA BREIL Y A aba CR + ABs MLE Mae > SIA EIR AEE > BREAK > MARS SMe AR th "ROA SEE ) AUBREY + 32S 05S ATE IE + — BLA am Fils > fe LARISA ETS > LS AE TAL SUE: RA A SB a PE EPS ICED ~ A 2 CE AY SS) PEHESI + FEL AH ARH ~ GYR (BE) ABT) ) > DASE ESRC CBRSUEIE) PEE > CK att) > ¢ CSA + ER 82 SPURL EDL S. Lévi & W. Wassilieff(1818-1900). “Le Bouddhisme dans son plein développement d'aprés les Vinayas.” Revue de I'Histoire des Religions. Vol. 34(1896): 318-325.140 EMBATAM/2O-AtARa+EA PURSE > ARR > SP BGEBD)AUEATH AUS > TESTA AR + FRESE PETC AY EY ERTS TRE SER A SS HCAS STE > MAI BOCRR ES + TIES ERB CR 1. Bareau, André. The Buddhist Schools of the Small Vehicle Sara Boin-Webb trans., Andrew Skilton ed., Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 1955/2013 2. Bareau, André. “La construction et le culte des stipa d'aprés les Vinayapitaka.” Bulletin de I’ Ecole Frangaise d'Extréme- Orient Année, Vol. 50(1962): 229-274. 3. Bracey, Robert.“The date of Kanishka since 1960.” The Indian Historical Review. Vol. 44(2017): 21-61 4. Brekke, Torkel. Religious Motivation and the Origins of Buddhism. London: Routledge, 2002. 5. Clarke, Shayne. Vinaya Texts. Gilgit Manuscripts in the National Archives of India: Facsimile Edition. Vol. 1. New Delhi: The National Archives of India and the International"RAR HOME | RRO —OAREEAB PS 141 Research Institute for Advanced Buddhology & Tokyo: Soka University, 2014 6. Clarke, Shayne. Family Matters in Indian Buddhist Monasticisms. Honolulu, University of Hawai‘i Press, 2014. 7. Clarke, Shayne. “Vinayas.” Brill’: Encyclopedia of Buddhism. Vol. 1. Jonathan A. Silk ed., Leiden: Brill, 2015: 73-80. 8. Csoma de Korés, Alexander. “Analysis of the Dulva, a portion of the Tibetan work entitled the Kah-gyur.” Asiatik Research Vol. 20(1836): 41-93. 9. Eliot, Charles. Hinduism and Buddhism: an Historical Sketch. Vol.1. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., 1921 10. Ende, Rein. “The Milasarvastivada Vinaya: an attempt at an Index Locorum with a focus on the works of Gregory Schopen.” Master thesis, McMaster University, 2016. 11. Falk, Harry. “The yuga of Sphujiddhvaja and the era of the Kusanas.” Silk Road Art and Archaeology. Vol. 7(2001): 121- Ss SURE : (AREUEAVSE TERRE)» UAB > CUBE BK EH IEE Se BB aS ala PRCA EE TH BE, om) BAIN: BAAS EL > 2014 + 172-188 « 13, Frauwallner, Erich. The Earliest Vinaya and the Beginnings of Buddhist Literature. Rome: Is. M. E. 0., 1956. PPERB SES eee: GURL CHEE) BSE) > YS + TEBE 1992 «142 EMBATAM/2O-ASARA+EA 14. Gnoli, Raniero ed. The Gilgit Manuscript of the Sanghabhedavastu, being the 17th and Last Section of the Vinaya of the Milasarvastivadin. Part | Roma: IsMEO, 1977 15. Heirman, Ann. “Vinaya: perpetuum mobile.” Etude Asiatiques. Vol. 53(1999): 849-871. Heirman, Ann. “Vinaya: from India to China.” The Spread of Buddhism. A. Heirman & S. P. Bumbacher eds., Leiden: Brill, 2007; 167-202. 17. Hofinger, Marcel. Etude sur la Concile de Vaisali. Louvian Bureaux de Muséon, 1946. 18. Huber, Eduard. “Etudes de littérature Bouddhique.” Bulletin de I'Ecole Frangaise d'Extréme-Orient. Tome 6(1906): 1-43 19. Huber, Eduard. “Etudes Bouddhiques. III—Le roi Kaniska dans le Vinaya des Miila-Sarvastivadins.” Bulletin de I'Ecole Francaise d’ Extréme-Orient. Tome 14(1914): 9-19 20 Jong, J. W. de. “Les Sitrapitaka des Sarvastivadin et des Milasarvastivadin.” Mélanges d'Indianisme @ la Mémoire de Louis Renou. Paris, 1968: 395-402 2 Kieffer-Piilz, Petra. “What the Vinayas can tell us about law.” Buddhism and Law: An Introduction. Rebecca Redwood French & Mark A. Nathan eds., New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014: Ch. 2 22. Lamotte, Etienne. “La légende du Buddha.” Revue de l'Histoire des Religions. Tome 134(1947) : 37-7124 25. 26 27. 28 29. "RAR HOME | RROD — ARERR Ps 143 . Lamotte, Etienne. History of Indian Buddhism: from the Origins to the Saka Era. Sara Webb-Boin trans. Louvain-la- Neuve: Institut Orientaliste, 1958/1988 Lamotte, Etienne “Vajrapani en Inde.” Mélanges de Sinologie offerts a Monsieur Paul Demiéville. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1966: 113-159. #2282 Sara Webb-Boin trans. “Vajrapani in India.” Buddhist Studies Review. Vol. 20(2003): 1-30. Lamotte, Etienne. trans. Le Traité de la Grande Vertu de Sagesse de Nagarjuna. Vol. 3. Louvain: Institut Orientaliste, Université de Louvain, 1970. JLBFEX PBA BPE : ( A Bai ZEA REISE ) > CHHBL) 62 $1990) ¢ 97-179 > Lévi, Sylvain. “Les saintes écritures du Bouddhisme. Memorial Sylvain Lévi. Paris: Hartmann, 1909/1937: 75-84. Lévi, Sylvain. “Observations sur une langue précanonique du bouddhisme.” Journal Asiatique. Série 10, tome 20(1921) 495-514. Lévi, Sylvain. “Note sur des manuscrits sanscrits provenant de Bamiyan (Afghanistan) et de Gilgit (Cachemire).” Journal Asiatique. Vol. 220(1932): 1-45 Lévi, Sylvain. “Les elements de formation du Divyavadana.” T’oung Pao. Vol.8(1907): 105-122.144 EMBATAM/2O-ASARA+EA 30. Lévi, Sylvain. & W. Wassilieff. “Le Bouddhisme dans son plein développement d' apres les Vinayas.” Revue de Histoire des Religions. Vol. 34(1896): 318-325 31. Loeschner, Hans. “The stipa of the Kushan Emperor Kanishka the Great, with comments on the Azes Era and Kushan chronology.” Sino-Platonic Papers. No. 227(2012) 32. Marshall, John % + #1732 > GTEPSHL) 1 EAHA: BY ABR IHAREE » 2002 « 33. Nariman, G. K. Literary History of Sanskrit Buddhism. Bombay: D. B. Taraporevala Sons & Co. Ltd., 1920. 34, Pagel, Ulrich, Buddhist Monks in Tax Disputes: Monastic Attitudes Towards Revenue Collection in Ancient India. Napoli: Universita degli studi di Napoli "L' Orientale, 2014 35. Pagel, Ulrich. “Nothing to declare: status, power and religious aspiration in the policies of taxation in ancient India.” Medieval worlds. No. 6(2017): 107-117. 36. Prebish, Charles §. “Theories concerning the skandhaka: an appraisal.” Journal of Asian Studies. Vol. 32.4(1973): 669- 678 37. Prebish, Charles §. “The Prdtimoksa puzzle: fact versus fantasy 94(1974): 168-176. 38. Przyluski, Jean. “Le Nord-Ouest de I'Inde dans le Vinaya des * Journal of the American Oriental Society. Vol Miila-Sarvastivadin et les textes apparentés.” Journal Asiatique, Ser. 11 Vol. 4(1914): 493-56839. 40. 4 42 43. 44 46 RAR HOME | ER RDB — AREER Ps 145 Przyluski, Jean. The Legend of Emperor Asoka in Indian and Chinese Texts. Dilip Kumar Biswas trans., Calcutta: Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay, 1923/1967 Przyluski, Jean. “Fables in the Vinaya-Pitaka of the Sarvastivadin school.” The Indian Historical Quarterly. Vol. 5.1(1929): 1-5 - Rockhill, William Woodville. The Life of the Buddha. London: K. Paul, Trench, Triibner, 1884/1907. Rockhill, William Woodville. “Tibetan Buddhist birth-stories extracts and translations from the Kandjur.” Journal of the American Oriental Society. Vol. 18(1897): 1-14. Rowland, Benjamin Jr. “A note on the invention of the Buddha image.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. Vol 11(1948): 181-186 von Schiefner, Anton. Jibetan Tales, Derived from Indian Sources. W. R. §. Ralston trans., London: K. Paul, Trench, Tritbner & Co. Ltd, 1870/1906. Schopen, Gregory. Bones, Stones, and Buddhist Monks. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 1997. Schopen, Gregory. “Hierarchy and housing in a Buddhist monastic code: a translation of the Sanskrit text of the Sdayanasanavastu of the Milasarvastivada-vinaya--part one (from the Sanskrit)” Buddhist Literature. Vol. 2(2000): 92- 196.146 EMRATAM/=O-ASAAS+EE 47. Schopen, Gregory °&% > /)\@H{S PAR: CAL ARR + AY OPENS) » HO + BBKHL > 2000 : 31-50 48, Schopen, Gregory. Buddhist Monks and Business Matters. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press. 2004. 49. Schopen, Gregory. Figments and Fragments of Mahayana Buddhism in India, Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2005 50. Schopen, Gregory. Buddhist Nuns, Monks, and Other Worldly Matters. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2014. 5 . Schopen, Gregory. “The training and treatments of an Indian doctor in a Buddhist text: a Sanskrit biography of Jivaka.” Buddhism and Medicine: an Anthology of Premodern Sources. C. Pierce Salguero ed., New York: Columbia University Press, 2017: 184-204. 52. Silk, Jonathan A. “Book Review of Schiefner 2007 (Ubersetzungen aus dem tibetischen Kanjur: Beitrdge zur Buddhismuskunde und zur zentralasiatischen Maérchenforschung).” Indo-Iranian Journal. Vol. 53.1(2010): 65-70. wn 3 Peter Skilling, Mahastitras: Great Discourses of the Buddha. Oxford: Pali Text Society, 1997, Vol. 2. 54. Sujato, Bhikkhu & Bhikkhu Brahmali. The Authenticity of the Early Buddhist’ Texts. & @ #8 HL https://ocbs.org/wp- content/uploads/2015/09/authenticity.pdf(hK@ A H ff : 2018 4 67258)"RAR — 1H OME | EK RDB —€— AREER Ps 147 55. Vogel, Claus. “On the date of the posadha ceremony as taught by the Mulasarvastivadins.” Bauddhavidyasudhakarah. Studies in Honour of Heinz Bechert on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday. Petra Kieffer-Piilz & Jens-Uwe Hartmann eds., Swisttal-Odendorf: Indica-et-Tibetica-Verlag, 1997: 673-688. 56. Wille, Klaus. Die handschrifiliche Uberlieferung des Vinayavastu der Miilasarvastivadin. Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 1990. 57. Willemen, Charles, Bart Dessein & Collett Cox. Sarvastivada Buddhist Scholasticism. Leiden: Brill, 1998 58. Wynne, — Alexander. “On the Sarvastivadins and Milasarvastivadins.” Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies. Vol. 9(2008): 243-266. 59. BALL > CRAB UTE) > Jae + RATSEUGRRE + 2015 « 60. SHAS > HEAR > CUBE BCR) > pea + TUYERE HEL + 1988 BK 2 SCAR AERO) BD ERE SZ ARASH ) (1950) > ¢ OCR) % 3 FS: PRR + 1998 : 397- 61 399 « 62. EAM > ( LERRR—-WARIRAR— OA DB) ) > OER) 26 18(2008) > BGM http://www.chinabuddhism.com.cn/a/fayuan/2008/200801f19. him(# AH) : 2018 4.7 A 11 A) >148 EMBA+AM/2O-A#AAZ+ES 63. ZEWEHA > (FERS RH(Gilgity ESC ETE SAA Ht AEE » CIEL) 13 #1(2000) : 7-10 © 64. FREUIE » (CK ESR) ZIP EOE)» CRIT ARBUASE) 2 HI(1990) : 46-48 © 65. FBEIME + (50h ih BR Sk Sep) > Ade + TERM ART 1969/1986 « 66. FRE RR CAPES SE) > TE + TR SROC IER EL 1965/2006"RAR HOME | RROD — AREER Ps 149 An introduction on the study of Miilasarvastivada- vinaya: with a focus on the date of compilation Wut, Tai-shing Associate Professor, Department of Chinese and History, City University of Hong Kong Abstract Dharmagupta-vinaya has long been praised in Chinese Buddhism while Milasarvastivada-vinaya has long been neglected. On the contrary, since the 19" century, western scholars have noticed the importance of Milasarvastivada-vinaya. They conducted detailed studies on the texts, compared the texts with other Indian codices, and referred to archaeological findings such as inscription on tablets, sculptures, temple ruins to investigate the hidden historical records. The history of Miilasarvastivada-vinaya, thus, is claimed to be older than we expected, and this idea is of importance to the study on the organization of Buddhist monastery, rules and regulations of monk and nun in Ancient India. This essay introduces the study of Milasarvastivada-vinaya in the west, especially the viewpoints of Gregory Schopen, a scholar who came up with lots of non-traditional ideas. It is hoped that the essay can catch Chinese academic circle’s attention on Miilasarvastivada-vinaya.130 EMBAtS O-AfnAa+Ea Keywords: Vinayapitaka, Millasarvastivada-vinaya, Kaniska, tablet inscription, Gregory Schopen