Property and Resource Management

Week 2: Introduction to Property and Resource Management

Property and resource management is a vital aspect of ensuring efficient utilization and maintenance of assets
within an organization. It involves planning, acquiring, maintaining, and disposing of resources, including both
physical property and intangible assets, in a way that supports the organization's goals and maximizes their value.

The School System:

The school system refers to the organized structure and framework within which educational activities take place.
It encompasses a wide range of components, including administrative structures, curriculum development,
teaching methodologies, student assessment, and the physical and human resources that facilitate the teaching and
learning process.
Key Components of the School System:
1. Administrative Structure: This includes the organizational hierarchy, roles, and responsibilities of
administrators, teachers, and support staff. It defines how decisions are made, resources are allocated, and
communication flows within the school.
2. Curriculum: The curriculum outlines the subjects, topics, and learning objectives that students will study.
It's designed to provide a comprehensive education that aligns with educational standards and the school's
philosophy.
3. Teaching and Learning Methods: Schools adopt various pedagogical approaches to deliver education
effectively. These methods can include lectures, discussions, group projects, experiential learning, and the
use of technology.
4. Assessment and Evaluation: The school system incorporates methods for assessing student progress and
learning outcomes. This includes exams, assignments, presentations, and other forms of evaluation.
5. Student Support Services: Schools provide services to support students' academic, emotional, and social
development. This may include counseling, special education, career guidance, and extracurricular
activities.
6. Physical Infrastructure: The school's physical facilities, such as classrooms, laboratories, libraries, sports
facilities, and administrative offices, contribute to the overall learning environment.
7. Resource Allocation: Schools allocate resources, including funding, personnel, and materials, to various
departments and initiatives based on priorities and needs.
8. School Culture and Values: The school system also includes the values, norms, and culture that shape
interactions among students, teachers, and staff. It influences the overall atmosphere and community
within the school.
9. Policies and Regulations: Schools establish policies and regulations that govern behavior, attendance,
discipline, and other aspects of school life.
Types of Schools:
There are various types of schools within the education system, catering to different age groups, educational
philosophies, and curricular focuses. Some common types include:
1. Primary Schools: Provide foundational education for young children, typically up to around 11 years old.
2. Secondary Schools: Offer education to students in their teenage years, often with a more specialized
curriculum.
3. High Schools: A type of secondary school that typically offers a broader range of subjects and prepares
students for higher education or vocational paths.
4. Specialized Schools: Focus on specific subjects or areas, such as arts, sciences, technology, or vocational
training.
5. Private Schools: Operate independently and are funded through tuition fees and private sources. They may
offer unique teaching methods or curricula.
6. Public Schools: Funded by the government and provide education to all eligible students within a
designated area.
7. International Schools: Offer an international curriculum and often cater to expatriate or globally mobile
students.

Ms. Carmela C. Bonaobra, LPT

 Property and Resource Management
8. Charter Schools: Publicly funded schools that operate independently, often with a specific educational
approach.
Role of the School System:
The school system plays a pivotal role in shaping the future of individuals and societies. Its primary functions
include:
1. Education: Imparting knowledge, skills, and values to students, preparing them for personal and
professional success.
2. Socialization: Providing a platform for students to interact with peers and develop social skills, values, and
cultural awareness.
3. Personal Development: Fostering students' intellectual, emotional, and physical growth.
4. Citizenship Education: Instilling civic values, responsibilities, and an understanding of democratic
processes.
5. Equity and Inclusion: Ensuring access to quality education for all students, regardless of background,
ethnicity, or socio-economic status.
6. Community Engagement: Acting as a focal point for community involvement and collaboration among
parents, teachers, and local stakeholders.
7. Research and Innovation: Encouraging educational research and innovative teaching practices to enhance
the learning experience.
In summary, the school system is a complex and multifaceted framework that encompasses a wide range of
elements aimed at providing quality education, fostering personal development, and contributing to the
betterment of individuals and society as a whole.

School's Organizational Chart:

A school's organizational chart visually represents the hierarchical structure and relationships within the
institution. It outlines the various roles, positions, and reporting lines that exist in the school's administrative and
academic framework. The chart provides a clear overview of who holds authority, who reports to whom, and how
different departments or units are interconnected. Organizational charts vary based on the school's size, type, and
administrative structure, but they typically include the following key components:
1. Principal or Head of School: The highest-ranking administrative position responsible for overall school
management, decision-making, and leadership.
2. Assistant Principal or Vice Principal: Assist the principal in various administrative tasks and may have
specific responsibilities, such as curriculum development, student affairs, or discipline.
3. Department Heads or Coordinators: Oversee specific academic departments (e.g., English, Math, Science)
and ensure proper curriculum delivery, teacher coordination, and student progress.
4. Teaching Staff: Classroom teachers responsible for delivering lessons, assessing student performance, and
providing guidance to students.
5. Support Staff: Administrative assistants, clerical staff, and other personnel who provide administrative and
logistical support to the school.
6. Guidance Counselors: Provide academic and personal counseling to students, assist with career planning,
and address student well-being.
7. Special Education Coordinators: Oversee special education programs and services, ensuring that
students with disabilities receive appropriate support.
8. Librarian or Media Specialist: Manage the school's library and educational resources, supporting
students and teachers with research and learning materials.
9. School Nurse: Provide health services, medical care, and health education to students and staff.
10. Athletic Director: Oversee sports and physical education programs, manage sports facilities, and
coordinate athletic events.
11. Student Affairs or Dean of Students: Handle student discipline, behavior management, and student
activities.
12. Curriculum Coordinators: Collaborate with teachers to develop and update the curriculum, ensuring
alignment with educational standards and goals.
13. Technology Coordinator: Manage the school's technology infrastructure, including computer labs,
software, and IT support.

Ms. Carmela C. Bonaobra, LPT

 Property and Resource Management
14. Maintenance and Facilities Manager: Oversee the maintenance, repair, and security of the school's
physical facilities.
15. Business Manager or Finance Director: Manage the school's finances, budgeting, and financial
operations.
16. Community Relations Coordinator: Handle communication and collaboration between the school,
parents, and the local community.
17. Human Resources: Oversee staff recruitment, training, benefits, and personnel matters.
18. Security and Safety Officer: Ensure the safety and security of students, staff, and school premises.
Importance of the Organizational Chart:
1. Clarity: The chart provides a clear visual representation of the school's hierarchy and structure, preventing
confusion about roles and responsibilities.
2. Efficiency: Clearly defined reporting lines improve communication and decision-making, leading to
smoother operations.
3. Accountability: Roles and responsibilities are clearly assigned, enhancing accountability for tasks and
outcomes.
4. Delegation: The chart helps identify areas where authority and responsibility can be delegated effectively.
5. Growth and Development: The chart can evolve as the school grows, accommodating new positions or
changes in responsibilities.
6. Orientation: New staff members can easily understand the organizational structure and their role within
the institution.
7. Transparency: The chart promotes transparency by illustrating the chain of command and decision-
making processes.
8. Collaboration: Clear lines of communication facilitate collaboration among different departments and
units.
9. Strategic Planning: The chart aids in strategic planning by visualizing how different departments
contribute to the school's goals.
Organizational charts serve as an essential tool for effective school management, promoting efficiency,
coordination, and a clear understanding of the institution's structure and functions.

School Organizational Types and Functions:

Schools can have various organizational structures based on factors like size, educational philosophy,
administrative style, and specific needs. These structures influence how functions are distributed and roles are
defined within the institution. Here are a few common school organizational types and their associated functions:
1. Traditional Hierarchical Structure:
Functions:
• Principal or Head of School: Overall leadership, decision-making, and school management.
• Department Heads: Curriculum coordination and oversight within specific subject areas.
• Teachers: Classroom instruction, student assessment, and academic guidance.
• Support Staff: Administrative and clerical tasks to facilitate daily operations.
Characteristics:
• Clear chain of command.
• Hierarchical reporting lines.
• Centralized decision-making.
2. Flat Organizational Structure:
Functions:
• Principal: Leadership and strategic decision-making.
• Teachers: Greater autonomy and shared responsibilities.
• Collaborative Teams: Teachers collaborate across subjects or grade levels to plan curriculum and
discuss student progress.
Characteristics:
• Fewer layers of management.
• Decentralized decision-making.
• Emphasis on teacher collaboration and empowerment.

Ms. Carmela C. Bonaobra, LPT

 Property and Resource Management
3. Departmentalized Structure:
Functions:
• Principal: Overall management and coordination.
• Department Heads: Responsible for specific subject areas or departments, including curriculum
development and teacher coordination.
• Teachers: Specialized subject instruction within their assigned department.
Characteristics:
• Clear division of subjects or departments.
• Strong emphasis on subject-specific expertise.
• Curriculum alignment within each department.
4. Team-Based Structure:
Functions:
• Principal: Leadership and overall coordination.
• Teacher Teams: Cross-functional teams work together to plan curriculum, assess student progress,
and address student needs.
• Shared Leadership: Leadership roles may be rotated among team members.
Characteristics:
• Collaborative and interdisciplinary approach.
• Collective decision-making.
• Shared responsibilities among team members.
5. Project-Based Structure:
Functions:
• Principal: Leadership and overall project coordination.
• Project Teams: Teachers collaborate on specific projects or themes, integrating subjects and
focusing on real-world applications.
• Student-Centered Learning: Emphasis on student engagement and active learning.
Characteristics:
• Flexibility in curriculum design.
• Integration of subjects around projects.
• Emphasis on problem-solving and critical thinking.
6. Specialized Programs or Schools:
Functions:
• Principal or Program Director: Leadership and oversight of specialized program or school.
• Specialized Staff: Special education teachers, arts instructors, vocational trainers, etc.
• Integrative Efforts: Coordinating efforts to provide unique educational experiences.
Characteristics:
• Focus on specific areas (e.g., arts, STEM, vocational training).
• Tailored curriculum and instruction.
• Collaboration between general education and specialized staff.
It's important to note that schools can combine elements of these organizational types or create hybrid structures
based on their unique context and goals. The chosen organizational structure should align with the school's
educational philosophy, objectives, and the needs of its students and community. The functions associated with
each structure aim to create an environment conducive to effective teaching, learning, and overall school
management.

Ms. Carmela C. Bonaobra, LPT