IDENTITAS TRIGONOMETRI

1. Rumus Kebalikan
1 1
a. sin x= → cose c x=
cosec x sin x
1 1
b. cos x= → sec x=
sec x cos x
1 1
c. tan x= → cotan x =
cotan x tan x

2. Rumus Perbandingan
sin x
a. tan x=
cos x
cos x
b. cotan x =
sin x

3. Identitas Pythagoras
a. sin 2 x+ cos2 x=1
2 2
sin x=1−cos x
2 2
cos x=1−sin x → sin x – 1 = -cos x
2 2

b. 1+ tan 2 x=sec 2 x
c. 1+cotan2 x=cosec 2 x

Contoh Soal:
1. Buktikan bahwa:
1 1
− =2 sec 2 x
sin x+1 sin x−1
1¿¿
sin x−1−sin x−1
2
=2 sec 2 x
sin x−1
−2 2
2
=2 sec x
−cos x
2 2
2
=2 sec x
cos x
1 2
2× 2
=2 sec x
cos x
 1 1
2× × =2 sec 2 x
cos x cos x
2 × sec x × sec x=2 sec 2 x
2 2
2 sec x=2 sec x (proved)

2. Buktikan bahwa:
(sec x . cosec x – cotan x)(sin x – cosec x) = -cos x
Jawab:
= (sec x . cosec x – cotan x)(sin x – cosec x)

=[ ( cos1 x ) . ( sin1 x )−( cos

sin x
x
)]¿

= [(
cos x .sin x ) sin x
1 cos x
−( )]¿

cos x .sin x ) ( cos x . sin x )

= [(
2
1 cos x
− ]¿

( )
2
1−cos x
= ¿
cos x .sin x

=(
cos x .sin x )
2
sin x
¿

= -cos x (prove)

3. Buktikan bawha:
sin 2 x a a 1− √ b
=1+cos x → = ×
1−cos x 1+ √b 1+ √b 1− √ b
sin 2 x 1+cos x
× =1+cos x
1−cos x 1+cos x
2
sin x ¿ ¿
2
sin x ¿ ¿
1+cos x=1+cos x (prove)

4. Buktikan bahwa:
(sin x + cos x)2 – (sin x – cos x)2 = 4sinx.cosx
sin2x + 2sinx.cosx + cos2x – (sin2x – 2sinx.cox + cos2x) = 4sinx.cosx
sin2x + 2sinx.cosx + cos2x – sin2x + 2sinx.cosx – cos2x = 4sinx.cosx
2sinx.cosx + 2sinx.cosx = 4 sin.cosx
4sinx.cos = 4sinx.cosx (prove)

(a + b)2 = (a + b)(a + b) = a2 + 2ab + b2

(a – b)2 = (a – b)(a – b) = a2 – 2ab + b2
(a + b)(a – b) = a2 – b2

Contoh:
(x – 2)(x + 2) = x2 - 22 = x2 – 4
(x – 2)(x – 2) = x2 – 2(x)(2) + 22 = x2 – 4x + 4
(3 – a)(3 + a) =32 – a2 = 9 – a2
(1 – cos x)(1 + cos x) =12 – (cos x)2 = 1 – cos2x