SCRAP COLLECTING

MACHINE
SYNOPSIS

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 ABSTRACT

An Automatic scrap (chips) collecting apparatus for a machine tool has two
separate chip conveyors for chips of different materials. The chip collecting
apparatus receives chips on fixed guide plates. Chips are washed from the fixed
guide plates into a chip collecting area. In the chip collecting area is disposed a
change-over plate for directing the chips from the guide plates onto either one of
the chip conveyors. The change-over plate is pivotably moveable between
different positions corresponding to the respective chip conveyors. In an
alternative embodiment, only one chip conveyor is used, and the change-over
plate is provided at the discharge end of the conveyor to discharge chips into
either one of two chip collecting bins.

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OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

It is an object of the present invention to provide a chip collecting apparatus

capable of easily classifying and stocking the chip produced if the material to be
machined changes.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to a chip collecting apparatus used for a machine tool such
as a lathe, and a method of collecting chips.

In a conventional machine tool such a lathe, when the machining is performed on

workpieces of different kinds of materials, differentiation of machining is not
present, except for specific cases. Therefore, when the chip produced is collected
it mixes with different kinds of chips.

This method is defective in the complication of the separation and classification of

chips, for the object of effectively utilizing resources. In the case where a
workpiece machined is completely different in character, such as metal and
ceramic, a chip collecting apparatus capable of collecting and classifying the chip
produced from the first is desirable.

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SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Moreover, according to the present invention, a change-over plate is provided,

being free to rotate and move in reciprocal directions at a chip collecting side
such as a machine tool side, or at a chip elimination side such as a chip
elimination orifice of a chip conveyor. A driving means for rotating and moving
the change-over plate, such as a driving cylinder, are provided with the change-
over plate.

With the above-described constitution, a chip different in material can be

collected, properly sorting chips in such a manner that the driving means is driven
according to the material to be machined to switch the change-over plate to
reciprocal directions.

Accordingly, the collection and separation of chips can be easily performed, the
reclamation of resources can be promoted, and chips different in properties such
as ceramic and metal chips can be collected with an initial sorting operation.

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INTRODUCTION

WHAT IS CONVEYOR SYSTEM

A conveyor system is a common piece of mechanical handling equipment that

moves materials from one location to another. Conveyors are especially useful in
applications involving the transportation of heavy or bulky materials. Conveyor
systems allow quick and efficient transportation for a wide variety of materials,
which make them very popular in the material handling and packaging industries.
Many kinds of conveying systems are available, and are used according to the
various needs of different industries. There are chain conveyors (floor and
overhead) as well. Chain conveyors consist of enclosed tracks, I-Beam, towline,
power & free, and hand pushed trolleys.

Industries that use conveyor systems

A lineshaft roller conveyor conveys boxed produce at a distribution center

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A Conveyor belt conveys papers at a newspaper print plant

Roller conveyor for carton transport in the apparel industry

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Conveyor systems are used widespread across a range of industries due to the
numerous benefits they provide.

 Conveyors are able to safely transport materials from one level to another,
which when done by human labor would be strenuous and expensive.
 They can be installed almost anywhere, and are much safer than using a
forklift or other machine to move materials.
 They can move loads of all shapes, sizes and weights. Also, many have
advanced safety features that help prevent accidents.
 There are a variety of options available for running conveying systems,
including the hydraulic, mechanical and fully automated systems, which are
equipped to fit individual needs.

Conveyor systems are commonly used in many industries, including the

automotive, agricultural, computer, electronic, food processing, aerospace,
pharmaceutical, chemical, bottling and canning, print finishing and packaging.
Although a wide variety of materials can be conveyed, some of the most common
include food items such as beans and nuts, bottles and cans, automotive
components, scrap metal, pills and powders, wood and furniture and grain and
animal feed. Many factors are important in the accurate selection of a conveyor
system. It is important to know how the conveyor system will be used
beforehand. Some individual areas that are helpful to consider are the required
conveyor operations, such as transportation, accumulation and sorting, the
material sizes, weights and shapes and where the loading and pickup points need
to be.

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MAIN COMPONENTS

 FRAME
 LATHE MODEL
 CONVEYOR BELT
 ROLLERS
 BIN

EXPERIMENTAL PROJECT

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WORKING

The Basics of a Conveyor Belt

Conveyor belts are basically very wide belts attached in a loop to two or more
turning rotors driven by motors. The loop is the actual conveyor belt, and is
generally made of two or more layers of rubber, one layer to give shape and
structure to the belt and one to allow it to transport its load safely. This conveyor
loop is generally attached to two wheels, called rotors, which are spun by motors.
The conveyor belt has enough friction between it and the rotor that it sticks to
this rotor.

The Movement of a Conveyor Belt

As a rotor turns, the conveyor belt will turn as well due to the intense friction
between the rotor wheel and the belt. This turning motion of the rotor causes
one side of the belt to move in one direction, while the other moves in the
opposite direction. This means that both wheels must always be moving in
relatively the same direction, either clockwise or counter-clockwise. If the two
rotor wheels moved in opposite directions, the conveyor belt would not travel at
all.

The Transportation Along a Conveyor

The word convey means to send or transmit; therefore, a conveyor is something

that sends or transmits. Conveyor belts, mostly used in industry, convey products
or raw materials through the use of either friction or mounts on the belt meant to
hold the product in place as the belt moves. As the conveyor belt moves its

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product, the product stays around one place on the conveyor. Many times, twists
or turns are put in conveyors; these are facilitated by cone shaped rotors or
wheels, which allow the conveyor to turn.

Chips drop on conveyor belt and belt transmit to bucket.

ADVANTAGES

 Chips are removed without interrupting production

 Hot chips are removed from the machine bed, reducing heat build-up

 Cutting area accidents are reduced by eliminating sharp chips

CONCLUSION

After completing the project, conclude that our project is simple in construction

and compact in size for use. Manufacturing of machine is easy and cost of the

machine is less.

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