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Formula Tutorial1
Formula Tutorial1
Formula Tutorial1
In just a few steps, you’ll be up and running with building formulas and func
world’s most powerful spreadsheet app.
Go back to the top by pressing CTRL+HOME. To start the tour, press CTRL+PAGE DOWN.
While =10+20
might
calculate the
same result as
=A1+B1,
constants
aren’t a good
practice.
Why? Because
you can’t
Basics:
easily see
You can
constant
Basics: Doing maths with Excel
Doing
the maths with Excel
Add, Subtract, Multiply and Divide in Excel without using any built-in functions. You just need to use some basic opera
without
To Add, select
selecting the cell F3, type =C3+C4, then press Enter.
You can Add, Subtract, Multiply and Divide in Excel without using any built-in
cell and
Formulas can
looking
To for
Subtract,
contain functions.
cell You
it.select cell F4,just
typeneed to use
=C3-C4, thensome
press basic
Enter.operators: +, -, *, /. All formulas start
That can make
references,
To Multiply, with an equals
select cell F5, (=)
typesign.
=C3*C4, then press Enter.
it hard to
ranges of cell
change
references,
To Divide, later.
select cell F6, type =C3/C4, then press Enter.
It’s much
operators and
easier to put
1
constants. The
Take
your a look areat this: change the numbers in cells C3 and C4, and watch the formula results automatically change.
constants
following
in cells
EXTRA
all where
CREDIT: You can raise a value to a power by using the carat (^) symbol, like =A1^A2. Enter it by pressing Shift+6. In cell
examples
they
of
Dive can befor
formulas:
down 2 more detail
easily
Next step
adjusted and
=A1+B1
More aboutinformulas, cells and ranges
referenced
=10+20
Excel
your is made3up of individual cells that are grouped into rows and columns. Rows are numbered, and columns are lettered. Th
formulas.
=SUM(A1:A10)
For example:
Select the that in our third example above, we used the SUM function. A function is a pre-built command that takes a value
You’ll notice
yellow cell 4
with 12
Formulas with functions start with an equals sign, then the function name follows with its arguments (the values a function us
below. You’ll
see we used
You confirm a formula by pressing Enter. Once you do that, the formula will be calculated and the result will be displayed in th
the SUM
function with Dive down for more detail
a range of
SomeWe
cells. formula explanations
didn’t
=10+20type
is a “4”
formula, where 10 and 20 are constants and the + sign is the operator.
or “8” directly
=SUM(A1:A10) is a formula, where SUM is the function name, the opening and closing parentheses contain the formula argum
into the
formula. More about formulas, cells and ranges
=SUM(A1:A10,C1:C10) is a formula, where SUM is the function name, the opening and closing parentheses contain the formul
Previous
Excel is made up of individual cells that are grouped into rows and columns. Rows
Next
are numbered, and columns are lettered. There are over 1 million rows and 16,000
More information on the web
columns, and you can put formulas in any of them.
Use Excel Formulas
as a calculator
can contain cell references, ranges of cell references, operators and
Overview constants.
of formulasThe
in Excel
following are all examples of formulas:
Excel functions (by category)
=A1+B1
Excel functions (alphabetical)
Free Excel training=10+20
online
=SUM(A1:A10)
You’ll notice that in our third example above, we used the SUM function. A function
is a pre-built command that takes a value or values, calculates them in a certain way
and returns a result. For instance, the SUM function takes the cell references or
ranges you specify and totals them. In this example it takes the cells A1 to A10, and
totals them. Excel has over 400 functions, which you can explore on the Formulas
tab.
Formulas with functions start with an equals sign, then the function name follows
with its arguments (the values a function uses to calculate) wrapped in parentheses.
Formulas with functions start with an equals sign, then the function name follows
with its arguments (the values a function uses to calculate) wrapped in parentheses.
You confirm a formula by pressing Enter. Once you do that, the formula will be
calculated and the result will be displayed in the cell. To see the formula itself, you
can look at the formula bar beneath the Ribbon, or press F2 to enter Edit mode,
where you’ll see the formula in the cell. Press Enter again to finalise the formula and
calculate the result.
Previous
’ll notice 4
that inTo
ourDivide,
third example above,
select cell F6, we used
type the SUM
=C3/C4, function.
then A function is a pre-built command that takes a value or values, calcu
press Enter.
mulas with functions start with an equals sign, then the function name follows with its arguments (the values a function uses to calculate)
confirm a formula by pressing Enter. Once you do that, the formula will be calculated and the result will be displayed in the cell. To see th
Dive down for more detail Next step
me formula explanations
+20 is a formula, where 10 and 20 are constants and the + sign is the operator.
UM(A1:A10) is a formula, where SUM is the function name, the opening and closing parentheses contain the formula arguments, and A1:A
More about formulas, cells and ranges
UM(A1:A10,C1:C10) is a formula, where SUM is the function name, the opening and closing parentheses contain the formula arguments, an
Excel is made up of individual cells that are grouped into rows and columns. Rows
are numbered, and columns are lettered. There are over 1 million rows and 16,000
re information on the web
columns, and you can put formulas in any of them.
Excel Formulas
as a calculator
erview constants.
can contain cell references, ranges of cell references, operators and
of formulasThe
in Excel
following are all examples of formulas:
el functions (by category)
=A1+B1
=A1+B1 Cell
el functions (alphabetical) reference
e Excel training=10+20
online
=SUM(A1:A10)
You’ll notice that in our third example above, we used the SUM function. A function
is a pre-built command that takes a value or values, calculates them in a certain way
and returns a result. For instance, the SUM function takes the cell references or
ranges you specify and totals them. In this example it takes the cells A1 to A10, and
totals them. Excel has over 400 functions, which you can explore on the Formulas =SUM(A1
tab.
A range of cells has a st
Formulas with functions start with an equals sign, then the function name follows ending cell. When you se
with its arguments (the values a function uses to calculate) wrapped in parentheses. formula, Excel will auto
A range of cells has a st
Formulas with functions start with an equals sign, then the function name follows ending cell. When you se
with its arguments (the values a function uses to calculate) wrapped in parentheses. formula, Excel will auto
You confirm a formula by pressing Enter. Once you do that, the formula will be
calculated and the result will be displayed in the cell. To see the formula itself, you
can look at the formula bar beneath the Ribbon, or press F2 to enter Edit mode,
where you’ll see the formula in the cell. Press Enter again to finalise the formula and
calculate the result.
Previous Next
=SUM(A1
More information on the web Opening paren
1 Addition (+) 3
2 Subtraction (-) -1
Multiplication (*) 2
olumns are lettered. There are over 1 million rows and 16,000 columns, and you can put formulas in any of them.
and that takes a value or values, calculates them in a certain way and returns a result. For instance, the SUM function takes the cell refere
will be displayed in the cell. To see the formula itself, you can look at the formula bar beneath the Ribbon, or press F2 to enter Edit mode
tain the formula arguments, and A1:A10 is the cell range for the function.
ses contain the formula arguments, and A1:A10,C1:C10 are the cell ranges for the function separated by a comma.
GOOD TO KNOW
Operator Operator Constants are values that you enter in cells or fo
While =10+20 might calculate the same result a
Function Argument
=SUM(A1:A10)
A range of cells has a starting cell, colon and an
ending cell. When you select a range of cells for a
formula, Excel will automatically add the colon.
A range of cells has a starting cell, colon and an
ending cell. When you select a range of cells for a
formula, Excel will automatically add the colon.
Values
4
Commas separate multiple arguments 8
12
Function Argument Argument
=SUM(A1:A10,C1:C10)
A range of cells Another range of cells
ress F2 to enter Edit mode, where you’ll see the formula in the cell. Press Enter again to finalise the formula and calculate the result.
W
that you enter in cells or formulas.
calculate the same result as =A1+B1,
od practice. Why? Because you can’t
nt without selecting the cell and
n make it hard to change later. It’s
our constants in cells where they can
d referenced in your formulas.
When you start typing a function name after you press =, Excel will launch Intellisense,
which will list all of the functions starting with the letters you type. When you find the
one you want, press Tab, and Excel will automatically finish the function name and
enter the opening parenthesis for you. It will also display the optional and required
arguments.
Now, let’s look at the anatomy of a few functions. The SUM function is structured like
this:
If the SUM function could talk, it would say: “Return the sum of all the values in cells
D38 to D41, and all of column H”.
Back to top
When you start typing a function name after you press =, Excel will launch Intellisense,
which will list all of the functions starting with the letters you type. When you find the
one you want, press Tab, and Excel will automatically finish the function name and
enter the opening parenthesis for you. It will also display the optional and required
arguments.
Now, let’s look at the anatomy of a few functions. The SUM function is structured like
this:
=SUM(D38:D41,H:H)
If the SUM function could talk, it would say: “Return the sum of all the values in cells
D38 to D41, and all of column H”.
=TODAY()
EXTRA CREDIT
Try the COUNT function using any
of the methods you’ve already
tried. The COUNT function counts
the number of cells in a range that
contains numbers.
Fruit Amount
Apples 50 TAKE A LOOK AT THIS
Select these cells. Then, in the bottom-
Oranges 20 right corner of the Excel window, look for
Bananas 60 this:
Lemons 40
SUM > 170 That’s called the Status Bar, and it’s just
another way to quickly find a total and
other details about a selected cell or
range.
Item Amount
Cars 20
Lorries 10
Bikes 10
Skates 40
IMPORTANT DETAIL
Double-click this cell. You’ll notice the 100 towards the
end. Although it’s possible to put numbers in a formula
like this, we don’t recommend it unless it’s absolutely
necessary. This is known as a constant, and it’s easy to
forget that it’s there. We recommend referring to
another cell instead, like cell F51. That way, it’s easily
seen and not hidden inside a formula.
EXTRA CREDIT
Try using
TAKE A LOOK
MEDIAN or
AT
MODETHIS
AVERAGE here.
Select
AVERAGE function
functionany
range of gives
MEDIAN
Use thevalue
numbers,
you the AVERAGE
then function to get the average of numbers in a range of cells.
Select
look
in theUse
cell
theinmiddleD7,the AVERAGE
then function
use AutoSum to get
to add an the average function.
AVERAGE of numbers in a range of cells.
Status
of
Now Bar forcell G7, and enter an AVERAGE function by typing =AVERAGE(G3:G6).
theselect
data
an instant
set, while
In
Average.
MODE D15,1
cell gives you can use either AutoSum, or type to enter another AVERAGE function.
the one that
occurs
Activatethe
the previous sheet
most
Go to the
frequently. 2sheet
next
EXTRA CREDIT
Try using MEDIAN or MODE here.
Previous
1 Select cell D7, then use the AutoSum Wizard to add a MIN function.
3 In cell D15, you can use either the AutoSum Wizard, or type to enter a MIN
or MAX function.
Previous Next
GOOD TO KNOW
You can use either MIN or MAX with multiple
=MIN(A1:A10,B1:B10) or =MAX(A1:A10,10).
ranges or values to show the greater or lesser of
those values, like =MIN(A1:A10,B1:B10) or
=MAX(A1:A10,B1), where B1 contains a threshold
value, like 10, in which case the formula would
never return a result less than 10.
calculates
want Excel to
someone’s
display
start and a end
negative
times, then
number
subtracts the
because
time theyyou took
haven’t
for lunch. The
entered
*24 at the your
end
birthday yet,
of the formula
In
youcell
can
converts D28,
use
the
enter
an
DateIF
which
like Date functions
=NOW(),
function
functions
fractional
will
Excelthis:
portioncan give
ofgive
the you the current date, based on your computer’s regional settings. You can also add and subtract Dates.
the
day current
=IF(D7="","",D
that Excel
Check
time,
7-D6), out
and the TODAY function, which gives you Today’s date. These are live, or volatile functions, so when you open your wor
will
which
sees into Excel can give you the current date, based on your computer’s regional settings. You
update
says,
hours.“IF each
D7
You’ll
Subtract
time
needExcel
equals Dates
to can also – Enter
addyour
andnext birthday
subtract in DD/MM/YY format in cell D7, and watch Excel tell you how many days away it is b
Dates.
calculates.
nothing, then
format the cell If
you
as a need
show
Add to– Let’s say you want to know which date a bill is due on, or when you need to return a library book. You can add da
nothing,
Dates
Number
change
otherwise
though. the
ToKNOW
1
do
GOOD
Time
show TO
format,
D7to
that,
Excel go
keeps dates and times based on the number of days starting from 1 January 1900. Times are kept in fractional portions o
you
minus
Home can go to
>D6”.
Ctrl+1
Format>> Cells
Number
(Ctrl+1) >>
Time functions
Time > Select
Number
Excel
the can>give
format 2you the current time, based on your computer’s regional settings. You can also add and subtract times. For insta
Number >2
you want.
decimals.
3
If this formula could talk, it would say: “Take the Time Out and subtract it from the Time In, then subtract the Lunch Out/In Tim
Previous
Next
More information on the web
All about the TODAY function
All about the NOW function
All about the DATE function
Free Excel training online
Time functions
Excel can give you the current time, based on your computer’s regional settings. You
can also add and subtract times. For instance, you might need to keep track of how
many hours an employee worked each week, and calculate their pay and overtime.
3
Previous
d Dates – Let’s say you want to know which date a bill is due on, or when you need to return a library book. You can add days to a date to fi
1 Take a look at the TODAY function, which gives you Today’s date. These
OD TO KNOW are live, or volatile functions, so when you open your workbook tomorrow,
el keeps dates and times based on the number of days starting from 1 January 1900. Times are kept in fractional portions of a day based o
it will have tomorrow’s date. Enter =TODAY() in cell D6.
2you the
el can give Subtract
currentDates
time, –based
Enteron
your next
your birthdayregional
computer’s in DD/MM/YY
settings.format in also
You can cell D7,
add and subtract times. For instance, you might
and watch Excel tell you how many days away it is by using =D7-D6 in cell D8.
3 Add Dates – Let’s say you want to know which date a bill is due on, or when
his formula could talk,
you it would
need say: “Take
to return the Time
a library book.Out
Youand subtract
can it from
add days to athe Time
date to In,
findthen
out.subtract
In the Lunch Out/In Times, then multi
cell D10, enter a random number of days. In cell D11, we added =D6+D10
to calculate the due date from today.
re information on the web
about the TODAY function
about the NOW function
about the DATE function
e Excel training online
Time functions
Excel can give you the current time, based on your computer’s regional settings. You
can also add and subtract times. For instance, you might need to keep track of how
many hours an employee worked each week, and calculate their pay and overtime.
1 In cell D28, enter =NOW(), which will give the current time, and will
update each time Excel calculates. If you need to change the Time format,
you can go to Ctrl+1 > Number > Time > Select the format you want.
3 If this formula could talk, it would say: “Take the Time Out and subtract it
from the Time In, then subtract the Lunch Out/In Times, then multiply
those by 24 to convert Excel’s fractional time to hours”, or =((Time In -
Time Out)-(Lunch In - Lunch Out))*24.
*24 to convert Excel’s
fraction of a day to
hours
*24 to convert Excel’s
fraction of a day to
Time Out Lunch Out hours
=((D35-D32)-(D34-D33))*24
Time In Lunch In
Previous Next
Date functions
Today’s date:
Your birthday: IMPORTANT DETAIL
Days until your birthday: If you don’t want Excel to display a negative number,
because you haven’t entered your birthday yet, you
ubtract times. For instance, you might need to keep track of how many hours anan
can use employee worked
IF function each=IF(D7="","",D7-D6),
like this: week, and calculate their pay and
which says, “IF D7 equals nothing, then show nothing,
Grace period days: otherwise show D7 minus D6”.
Bill due on:
ct the Lunch Out/In Times, then multiply those by 24 to convert Excel’s fractional time to hours”, or =((Time In - Time Out)-(Lunch In - Lunc
GOOD TO KNOW
Excel keeps dates and times based on the number of
days starting from 1 January 1900. Times are kept in
fractional portions of a day based on minutes. So 12:30
PM on 01/01/2017 is actually stored as 42736.5208. If
the Time or Date show up as numbers like that, then
you can press Ctrl+1 > Number > select a Date or Time
format.
Time functions
Current Time:
GOOD TO KNOW
You can use keyboard shortcuts to enter Dates
and Times that won’t continuously change:
Date – Ctrl+;
Time – Ctrl+Shift+:
ative number,
hday yet, you
and calculate their pay and overtime.
"","",D7-D6),
show nothing,
Look at cells C28:D29. See how the date and times are in separate cells? You can join
them together with the & symbol like you’ll see in cells C32:C33, but that doesn’t
look right, does it? Unfortunately, Excel doesn’t know how you want to format the
numbers, so it breaks them down to their basest format, which is the Serial date in
this case. We need to explicitly tell Excel how to format the number portion of the
formula, so it displays the way you want in the resulting text string. You can do that
with the TEXT function and a format code.
1
1
Previous
2
3 To create the full name, we’ll join first name and surname, but use a space
without a comma. In F3, enter =C3&" "&D3.
Look at cells C28:D29. See how the date and times are in separate cells? You can join
them together with the & symbol like you’ll see in cells C32:C33, but that doesn’t
look right, does it? Unfortunately, Excel doesn’t know how you want to format the
numbers, so it breaks them down to their basest format, which is the Serial date in
this case. We need to explicitly tell Excel how to format the number portion of the
formula, so it displays the way you want in the resulting text string. You can do that
with the TEXT function and a format code.
Andy North
Jan Kotas
Maria Jones
Steven Thorpe
Michael Neipper
Robert Zare
Yvonne McKay
ours:Minutes AM or PM, like 1:30 PM.
WORTH EXPLORING
If you don’t don’t know which format code to use,
you can use Ctrl+1 > Number to format any cell the
way you want. Then select the Custom option. You
can copy the format code that’s displayed back to
your formula.
WORTH EXPLORING
If you don’t don’t know which format code to use,
you can use Ctrl+1 > Number to format any cell the
way you want. Then select the Custom option. You
can copy the format code that’s displayed back to
your formula.
D12.toWe’ve
F35
got you
“Delivery”. As
started
you startwith
=IF(C12<100,"
typing,
In cell F33, Excel’s
Less than
auto-correct,
we’ve entered
Next,
100","Greater
should we’ve
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In
Copy
added cellD9
=IF(E33="Yes", D9
an toIF
than
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than
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>C12?
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Name.
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something else. The formulas can return text, values or even more calculations.
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to
TRUE
F31 change
by VAT, FALSE are unlike other words in Excel formulas in that they don’t need to be in quotes, and Excel will automatically c
and then
then take the
your VAT
=IF(C3="Apple","Yes","No")
otherwise
reuse
sum ofthem
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return
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otherwise by 2
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When
more. you create a formula, Excel will automatically place coloured borders around any ranges referenced in the formula, and
Previous
Next
More information on the web
Dive down for more detail
All about the IF function
All about the IFS function
Advanced IF statements
Free Excel training online
3
3
Previous
3 Try another example by looking at the formula in cell D12. We’ve got you
OD TO KNOW started with =IF(C12<100,"Less than 100","Greater than or equal to
en you create a formula, Excel will automatically place coloured borders around any ranges referenced in the formula, and the correspond
100"). What happens if you enter a number greater than or equal to 100
in cell C12?
3 Next, change the 1.25 in the formula in cell F35 to “Delivery”. As you start
typing, Excel’s auto-correct, should find it for you. When it does, press Tab
to enter it. This is a Named Range, and we’ve entered it from Formulas >
Define Name. Now, if you ever need to change your VAT charges, you
only have to do it in one place, and you can use the Delivery name
3 Next, change the 1.25 in the formula in cell F35 to “Delivery”. As you start
typing, Excel’s auto-correct, should find it for you. When it does, press Tab
to enter it. This is a Named Range, and we’ve entered it from Formulas >
Define Name. Now, if you ever need to change your VAT charges, you
only have to do it in one place, and you can use the Delivery name
anywhere in the workbook.
Previous Next
Advanced IF statements
cel will automatically capitalise them. Numbers don’t need to be in quotes either. Regular text, like Yes or No, needs to be in quotes like th
IF statements
Apple
Orange
EXPERT TIP
Named Ranges allow you to define terms or values in a
single place, and then reuse them throughout a
workbook. You can see all of the named ranges in this
workbook by going to Formulas > Name Manager.
Click here to learn more.
EXPERT TIP
Named Ranges allow you to define terms or values in a
single place, and then reuse them throughout a
workbook. You can see all of the named ranges in this
workbook by going to Formulas > Name Manager.
Click here to learn more.
alues or even more calculations.
KNOW
eate a formula, Excel will automatically
ed borders around any ranges
n the formula, and the corresponding
formula will be the same colour. You
f you select cell F33 and press F2 to edit
still want to
existing
suppress the
In cell D22,
VLOOKUP
#N/A
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formula
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to look for it?
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Do you want an exact or approximate match?
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the second
Try selecting
nothing here different items from the drop-down lists. You’ll see the result cells instantly update themselves with new values.
closing
(""), but youfor more detail
Dive down
parenthesis
can also use at
Next
the end of(0,1,
numbers the
formula.
VLOOKUP
2 This
and
etc.), or text, #N/A
Invariably,
closes you’ll run into a situation where VLOOKUP can’t find what you asked it to, and it returns an error (#N/A). Sometime
such asthe IF
statement.
“Formula isn’tDETAIL
IMPORTANT
correct”. is what’s known as a blanket error handler, meaning it will suppress any error your formula might throw. This can cau
IFERROR
A rule of thumb is to not add error handlers to your formulas until you’re absolutely certain they work properly.
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More information on the web
All about the VLOOKUP function
1
All about the INDEX/MATCH functions
All about the IFERROR function
Use PivotTables to analyse worksheet data
2 online
Free Excel training
1
2
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OOKUP(A1,B:C,2,FALSE)
VLOOKUP
at do you want to is one
look of the most widely used functions in Excel (and one of our
for?
ou find it, how many columns to thelets
favourites too!). VLOOKUP rightyou lookwant
do you up atovalue
get ainvalue?
a column on the left, then
ere doreturns
you wantinformation in another column to the right if it finds a match. VLOOKUP says:
to look for it?
you want an exact or approximate match?
What do you If you find it, how many
want to look columns to the right do
ERIMENT for? you want to get a value?
selecting different items from the drop-down lists. You’ll see the result cells instantly update themselves with new values.
e down for more detail
OOKUP
ariably,and =VLOOKUP(A1,B:C,2,FALSE)
#N/A
you’ll run into a situation where VLOOKUP can’t find what you asked it to, and it returns an error (#N/A). Sometimes, it’s because t
PORTANT DETAIL
RROR is what’s known as a blanket error handler, meaning it will suppress any error your formula might throw. This can cause problems if
Where do Do you want
ule of thumb is to not add error handlers to your formulas until an
you want to exactabsolutely
you’re or certain they work properly.
look for it? approximate
match?
1 If you know your lookup value exists, but want to hide the error if the lookup
cell is blank, you can use an IF statement. In this case, we’ll wrap our existing
VLOOKUP formula like this in cell D43:
=IF(C43="","",VLOOKUP(C43,C37:D41,2,FALSE))
If you know your lookup value exists, but want to hide the error if the lookup
cell is blank, you can use an IF statement. In this case, we’ll wrap our existing
VLOOKUP formula like this in cell D43:
=IF(C43="","",VLOOKUP(C43,C37:D41,2,FALSE))
This says, “If cell C43 equals nothing (""), then return nothing, otherwise
return the VLOOKUP’s results”. Note the second closing parenthesis at the
end of the formula. This closes the IF statement.
2 If you aren’t sure your lookup value exists, but you still want to suppress
the #N/A error, you can use an error handling function called IFERROR in
cell G43: =IFERROR(VLOOKUP(F43,F37:G41,2,FALSE),""). IFERROR says,
“If the VLOOKUP returns a valid result, then display that, otherwise, display
nothing ("")”. We displayed nothing here (""), but you can also use numbers
(0,1, 2 etc.), or text, such as “Formula isn’t correct”.
Previous Next
rror (#N/A). Sometimes, it’s because the lookup value simply doesn’t exist, or it can because the reference cell doesn’t have a value yet.
Apples Pork
EXPERIMENT
Try selecting different items from the drop-down lists.
You’ll see the result cells instantly update themselves with
new values.
If the SUM function in cell D42 could talk, it would say this: Sum up the values in cells D38, D39, D40 and D41.
Item Amount Item Amount
Bread 50 Bread 50
Doughnuts 100 Doughnuts 100
Cookies 40 Cookies 40
Cakes 50 Cakes 50
Pies 20 Pies 20
#N/A Pastry
IMPORTANT DETAIL
IFERROR is what’s known as a blanket error handler, meaning
it will suppress any error your formula might throw. This can
cause problems if Excel is giving you a notification that your
formula has a legitimate error that needs to be fixed.
=COUNTIFS(F50:F61,F64,G50:G61,G64)
You’ve already seen SUMIF, SUMIFS, COUNTIF and COUNTIFS. Now you can try on your own with the other functions, such as
This is the first range to count
This is the
SUMIF criteria for the first match
=SUMIF(C92:C103,C106,E92:E103)
SUMIFS =SUMIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
This is the second range to count
AVERAGEIF =AVERAGEIF(C92:C103,C106,E92:E103)
This is criteria for the second match
AVERAGEIFS=AVERAGEIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D92,D106)
Dive down=COUNTIF(C92:C103,C106)
COUNTIF for more detail
COUNTIFS
Next =COUNTIFS(C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
MAXIFS =MAXIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C10,D92:D103,D106)
More
MINIFSconditional functions
=MINIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
=SUMIFS(H3:H14,F3:F14,F17,G3:G14,G17)
Dive down for more detail
Next
SUMIF with a value argument
Here’s an example of the SUMIF function using greater than (>) to find all values greater than a given amount:
=SUMIF(D118:D122,">50")
=COUNTIFS(F50:F61,F64,G50:G61,G64)
SUMIF =SUMIF(C92:C103,C106,E92:E103)
SUMIFS =SUMIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
AVERAGEIF =AVERAGEIF(C92:C103,C106,E92:E103)
AVERAGEIFS =AVERAGEIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D92,D106)
COUNTIF =COUNTIF(C92:C103,C106)
COUNTIFS =COUNTIFS(C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
MAXIFS =MAXIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
MINIFS =MINIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
Sum up some
values based
on this
criterion:
=SUMIF(D118:D122,">50")
NOTE: If you find you are making a lot of conditional formulas, you might find that a
PivotTable is a better solution. See this PivotTable article for more information.
=SUMIF(C3:C14,C17,D3:D4)
e down for more detail
=COUNTIF(C50:C61,C64)
=COUNTIFS(F50:F61,F64,G50:G61,G64)
SUMIF =SUMIF(C92:C103,C106,E92:E103)
SUMIFS =SUMIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
AVERAGEIF =AVERAGEIF(C92:C103,C106,E92:E103)
AVERAGEIFS =AVERAGEIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D92,D106)
COUNTIF =COUNTIF(C92:C103,C106)
COUNTIFS =COUNTIFS(C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
MAXIFS =MAXIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
MINIFS =MINIFS(E92:E103,C92:C103,C106,D92:D103,D106)
=SUMIF(D118:D122,">50")
NOTE: If you find you are making a lot of conditional formulas, you might find that a
PivotTable is a better solution. See this PivotTable article for more information.
All about the COUNTIF function All about the COUNTIFS function
All about the AVERAGEIF function All about the AVERAGEIFS function
All about the MINIFS function All about the MAXIFS function
fferent from the other IF and IFS functions, in that they only have a criteria range and criteria. They don’t
EXPERT evaluate one range then look in
TIP
Each one of the Fruit and Type cells has
a drop-down list where you can select
different fruits. Try it, and watch the
formulas automatically update.
her functions, such as AVERAGEIF/S, MAXIFS, MINIFS. They’re all structured the same way, so once you get one formula written, you can j
er solution. See this PivotTable article for more information.
Item Amount
Bread 50
Doughnuts 100
Cookies 40
Cakes 50
Pies 20
100
aluate one range then look in another to summarise.
Fruit and Type cells has
where you can select
ry it, and watch the
atically update.
one formula written, you can just replace the function name with the one you want. We’ve written all the functions you’ll need for cell E10
nctions you’ll need for cell E106, so you can copy/paste these, or try to type them yourself for practice.
GOOD TO KNOW
Double-click this cell and you’ll see that the formula
is different. Specifically, the sum criteria is ">=50"
which means greater than or equal to 50. There are
other operators you can use like "<=50" which is
less than or equal to 50. And there’s "<>50" which is
not equal to 50.
the
As you Search
enter for
aeach
function box,
section,
and press GO.
the criteria for
When you see
each argument
VLOOKUP
is listed at the
highlighted,
GOOD
bottomTO of the
click
form.OK
KNOW at the
Press OK
bottom.
As
when When
youyou’ve
enter
you
each selectand
finished, a
function
argument’s
Excel will in the
enter
Let
TAKE
list,
If
AT you
the
section,
the Let the Function Wizard guide you
A Function
LOOK
Excel
formula
THIS
display know
argument’s
for you. its
will
the the
Wizard guide you
name of the function you want, but you aren’t sure how to build it, you can use the Function Wizard to help y
You
syntax.should
description will
end up with
be displayed
=VLOOKUP(C1
towards the
0,C5:D8,2,FALSIf you know the name of the function you want, but you aren’t sure how to build it,
bottom ofyou the can use the Function Wizard to help you out.
E)
form, above
GOOD TO KNOW
the Formula
You
result. type1cell and range references, or select them with your mouse.
can
Previous
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More information on the web
Overview of formulas in Excel
2 (by category)
Excel functions
Excel functions (alphabetical)
Free Excel training online
Previous
If you know the name of the function you want, but you aren’t sure how to build it,
you can use the Function Wizard to help you out.
OD TO KNOW
can type1cell and range
Select references,
cell D10, thenorgo
select them with >
to Formulas your mouse.
Insert Function > type VLOOKUP
in the Search for a function box, and press GO. When you see VLOOKUP
highlighted, click OK at the bottom. When you select a function in the list,
Excel will display its syntax.
re information on the web
rview of formulas in Excel
2 (byNext,
el functions category)
enter the function arguments in their respective text boxes. As you
el functions (alphabetical)
enter each one, Excel will evaluate it, and show you its result, with the final
e Excel training result
online at the bottom. Press OK when you’ve finished, and Excel will enter
the formula for you.
GOOD TO KNOW
As you enter each argum
description will be displa
form, above the Formula
Previous Next
Fruit Amount
Apples 50
Oranges 20
Bananas 60
Lemons 40
Apples 50
GOOD TO KNOW
You can type cell and range references, or select them
with your mouse.
GOOD TO KNOW
As you enter each argument’s section, the argument’s
description will be displayed towards the bottom of the
form, above the Formula result.
Fixing
At some Fixing formula errors
formula errors
point in time, you’ll run across a formula that has an error, which Excel will display with #ErrorName. Errors can be he
GOOD TO
Error checking – Go to Formulas > Error Checking. This will load a dialogue that will tell you the general cause for your specific
KNOW
Clicking At some point in time, you’ll run across a formula that has an error, which Excel will
If you click Help on this Error, a help topic specific to the error message will open. If you click Show Calculation Steps, an Evalu
display
Options will let with #ErrorName. Errors can be helpful, because they point out when something’s
you set thenot
Each
rules time youworking
for when
correctly,
click Evaluate, but
Excel willthey
stepcan be challenging
through toone
the formula fix. Fortunately, thereItare
section at a time. several
won’t necessarily tell you why an err
options
errors in Excel that can help you track down the source of the error and fix it.
EXPERIMENT
are displayed
What’s wrong 1
or ignored. here? Hint: We’re trying to SUM up all the items.
Previous
Next
More information on the web
Detect errors in formulas
How to avoid broken formulas
Evaluate a nested formula one step at a time
Free Excel training online
3
Previous
r checking – Go to Formulas > Error Checking. This will load a dialogue that will tell you the general cause for your specific error. In cell D9
At some point in time, you’ll run across a formula that has an error, which Excel will
ou click Help on this Error, a help topic specific to the error message will open. If you click Show Calculation Steps, an Evaluate Formula dia
display with #ErrorName. Errors can be helpful, because they point out when something’s
h timenot
youworking correctly,
click Evaluate, but
Excel willthey
stepcan be challenging
through the formula toone
fix. Fortunately, thereItare
section at a time. several
won’t necessarily tell you why an error has occurred,
options that can help you track down the source of the error and fix it.
ERIMENT
at’s wrong 1here? Error
Hint: We’re
checkingtrying
– Goto SUM up all the>items.
to Formulas Error Checking. This will load a dialogue
that will tell you the general cause for your specific error. In cell D9, the #N/A
error is caused because there is no value matching “Apple”. You can fix this
by using a value that does exist, suppress the error with IFERROR or ignore it
re information onandthe know
web it will go away when you do use a value that exists.
ect errors in formulas
w to avoid broken formulas
uate a nested formula one step at a time
e Excel training online
2 If you click Help on this Error, a help topic specific to the error message
will open. If you click Show Calculation Steps, an Evaluate Formula
dialogue will load.
3 Each time you click Evaluate, Excel will step through the formula one
section at a time. It won’t necessarily tell you why an error has occurred,
but it will point out where. From there, look at the help topic to deduce
what went wrong with your formula.
Each time you click Evaluate, Excel will step through the formula one
section at a time. It won’t necessarily tell you why an error has occurred,
but it will point out where. From there, look at the help topic to deduce
what went wrong with your formula.
Previous Next
Fruit Amount
Apples 50
Oranges 20
Bananas 60
Lemons 40
Apple #N/A
GOOD TO KNOW
Clicking Options will let you set the
rules for when errors in Excel are
displayed or ignored.
Fruit Amount
Apples 50
Oranges 20
Bananas 60
Lemons 40
Total #NAME?
EXPERIMENT
What’s wrong here? Hint: We’re trying to
SUM up all the items.
e challenging to fix. Fortunately, there are several options that can help you track down the source of the error and fix it.
ror and fix it.
Have more questions about Excel?
Press ALT+Q and type what you want to know.
Keep going. There is more to learn with Excel:
arn more