ARELLANO UNIVERSITY

ANDRES BONIFACIO CAMPUS

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS

Day: Monday Day: Tuesday Day: Wednesday

Date: Date: Date:
Section/s: Section/s: Section/s:
STEM 12 (6:30-7:30) STEM 12 (6:30-7:30) STEM 12 (6:30-7:30)
STEM 7 (7:30-8:30) STEM 7 (7:30-8:30) STEM 7 (7:30-8:30)
STEM 6 (9:00-10:00) STEM 6 (9:00-10:00) STEM 6 (9:00-10:00)
STEM 3 (10:00-11:00) STEM 3 (10:00-11:00) STEM 3 (10:00-11:00)

I. OBJECTIVES I. OBJECTIVES I. OBJECTIVES

1.determine the evolution of the universe At the end of the lesson the
according to the Big Bang Theory; students must be able to
2.label the timeline of evolution according to 1.describe the origin of the
Big Bang Theory; solar system
3.generalize the evolution of the universe 2.illustrate the formation and
according to Big Bang Theory. hypothesis of the solar system
II. CONTENT/ TOPIC : The Evolution of the 3.appreciate the different
Universe According to the Big Bang Theory hypothesis that explained the
III. LEARNING RESOURCES origin of the solar system.
A. REFERENCES II. CONTENT/ TOPIC
B. LEARNING MATERIALS USED Universe and the Solar
System: The Origin of the
IV. TEACHING PROCEDURE Solar System
A. DAILY ROUTINE
B. REVIEW (IF ANY) III. LEARNING
C. MOTIVATION : RESOURCES
The teacher will present a picture that the C. REFERENCES
student will guess what is it all about.
www.nagwa.com.(The Formation of
the Solar System/nagwa
Science
www.slideshare.net/theoriesontheorigino
fthesolarsystem
www.khanacademy.org/historyofthesola
rsystem
At the end of the lesson the students must
be able to:
1. discuss the members of the solar system
based on its characteristics
2. state the large- and small-scale properties
of the solar system
3. recognize the uniqueness of the Earth,
being the only planets in the solar system with
properties necessary to support life.
II. CONTENT/ TOPIC
Universe and the Solar System:
The Properties of the Solar System
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
E. REFERENCES
https://kids.britannica.com/kids/article/solar-system
F. LEARNING MATERIALS USED
IV. TEACHING PROCEDURE
I. DAILY ROUTINE
J. REVIEW (IF ANY)
K. MOTIVATION
SOLAR SYSTEM WORD SEARCH
 D. LEARNING MATERIALS
USED
IV. TEACHING
PROCEDURE
E. DAILY ROUTINE
F. REVIEW (IF ANY)
G. MOTIVATION
“GUESS THE
GIBBERISH”
The students will be group Answer:
into 5 to answer the given ● Earth
group of meaningless and ● Mercury
unrelated words and ● Saturn
D. LESSON PROPER
decipher them into real
● ACTIVITY : The teacher will group the ● Uranus
phrases before the time
students into 3. Each group will pick ● Venus
runs out.
Two pieces of timeline that they will 1. GUY LACK SEA - ● Mars
paste on the big bang timeline on the GALAXY ● Neptune
board. 2. SAW LOR SEAS ● Jupiter
TEAM – SOLAR
SYSTEM L. LESSON PROPER
3. EAST TORES – ● ACTIVITY
STARS
4. GRAB BEE TEA – The teacher will group the students into 4 groups. Each
GRAVITY group will pick two planets, and they paste on the
5. FLOW NEATS – given board and explain it.
PLANETS
6. KNEE VIEW LOUR
TEE YOU RAY –
NEBULAR THEORY
7. HUE KNEE BEERS -
UNIVERSE
1ST – The cosmos goes through a
superfast “inflation”
H. LESSON PROPER
● ACTIVITY ● ANALYSIS
2nd -Post-inflation the Universe.
The students will explain one by one the planets that
The teacher will ask the relationship of the picked.
3rd –– “Formation of subatomic the words that they come up from the ● ABSTRACTION
particles” previous activities. The students will *The solar system consists of the Sun and everything
express their ideas regarding to the that orbits, or travels around, the Sun. This includes the
4th “Electrons and positrons words. eight planets and their moons, dwarf planets, and
 annihilate each other “
5th –“Formation of light elements”
6th –“Formation of atoms”
7th- Formation of protogalaxies
8 – Formation of the galaxies.
th
● ANALYSIS :
The student will paste their assigned
timeline.
● ABSTRACTION:
● From time zero (13.8 billion years ago)
until 10-43 second later, all matter and
energy in the universe existed as a hot,
dense, tiny state. It then underwent
extremely rapid, exponential inflation
until 10-32 second later after which and
until 10 seconds from time zero,
conditions allowed the existence of only
quarks, hadrons, and leptons.
● Then, Big Bang nucleosynthesis took
place and produced protons, neutrons,
● ANALYSIS countless asteroids, comets, and other small, icy
objects.
The teacher will ask the students how *The solar system itself is only a small part of a huge
are they going to appreciate the origin system of stars and other objects called the Milky
and formation of the Solar System. Way galaxy. The solar system orbits around the center
of the galaxy about once every 225 million years. The
● ABSTRACTION
Milky Way galaxy is just one of billions
of galaxies that in turn make up the universe.
Using the PowerPoint presentation, the
Planets are classified as Terrestrial and Jovian Planets.
teacher will present the topic using
Terrestrial Planets also called as Inner Planets. (MVEM)
active and collaborative learning. Made of rocky material.
Universe is everything. Surfaces are solid
Galaxy- is a huge collection of gas, dust Don’t have rings
and billions of stars and their solar Very few moons
systems, held together by gravity. 1. Mercury (smallest planet) - Nearest planet to the
Solar system- consists of sun at the solar sun. Its surface has many craters because it has no
system and planets revolving around the atmosphere.
sun with other heavenly bodies like 2. Venus- It is the Hottest planet because of its very
asteroids, comets and more. thick atmosphere made of carbon dioxide.
*The solar system is located in Milky
3. Earth (The Living Planet)-Earth is the third planet
Way’s Orion Star Cluster. Only 15% of
from the sun. It is the only planet where life exist.
stars in the Galaxy planetary systems
and one of these stars is our own Sun. 4. Mars (The Red Planet)- Its surface appears red-
Revolving the sun are eight planets. yellow because of Iron Oxide in the soil and dust
Formation of the Solar System that covers most of the planet. It has thin
Solar system was formed about 4.6 atmosphere composed mostly of Carbon Dioxide,
billion years ago. and small amounts of Oxygen and Nitrogen.
Solar System is thought to have formed Mount Olympus Mons, the largest volcano in the solar
from a nebula. The plural of nebula is system is in Mars.
nebulae. A nebula is a large cloud of gas
Mercury Venus Earth Mars
and dust in space. Nebulae refer as
Moons 0 0 1 2
“clouds” because they are loose
collections of floating particles. Rotation 58 days, 116 23 hrs. 24 hrs.
This diagram shows the first part of how 15 hrs., days, 18 56 min. 37 min.
the solar system formed. 30 min. hrs.
Revoluti 88 days 225 days 365 and 687 days
on ¼ days
ASTEROID BELT
Separates the Terrestrial and Jovian Planets.
Jovian or Outer Planets are Gas Giants (JSUN)
Multiple moons
Support ring systems
No solid surfaces
The formation of the solar system, which 5. Jupiter -It is the largest gaseous planets in Solar
started out as a cloud of gas and dust in System. Its atmosphere is made up of Hydrogen,
Helium, Methane, Ammonia and Water Vapor.
space. The word we use to describe this
6. Saturn - The second largest planet but has the
cloud is a nebula.
Over time, this nebula begins to contract lowest density.
due to gravity. As the cloud contracts, 7. Uranus- The Sideways Planets. It is the 3rd largest
 atomic nuclei, and then hydrogen,
helium and lithium until 20 minutes
after time zero when sufficient cooling
did not allow further nucleosynthesis.
● From then on until 380,000 years, the
cooling universe entered a matter-
dominated period when photons
decoupled from matter and light could
travel freely as still observed today in
the form of cosmic microwave
background radiation.
● As the universe continued to cool down,
matter collected into clouds giving rise
to only stars after 380,000 years and
eventually galaxies would form after
100 million years from time zero during
which, through nucleosynthesis in stars,
carbon and elements heavier than
carbon were produced.
● From 9.8 billion years until the present,
the universe became dark-energy
dominated and underwent accelerating
expansion. At about 9.8 billion years
after the big bang, the solar system was
formed.
● APPLICATION / ASSESMENT :
Label the given evolution timeline according to
the big bang theory. (1st,2nd,3rd,4th, 5th, 6th , 7th 8th )
1. Electrons and positrons annihilate each
other .
2. The cosmos goes through a superfast
“inflation”
3. Formation of light elements
4. Formation of the galaxies.
5. Formation of subatomic particles
the particles of gas and dust move faster planet.
and faster, and they collide more often 8. Neptune- The Windy or Storm Planet. It is the 4th
with each other. largest planet. Neptune has an elliptical orbit.
These collisions cause the temperature Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
and pressure of the cloud to increase. Moons At least At least At least At least
And at the same time, they generate heat 63 31 21 11
and light. Rotation 9 hours, 10 17 16
The cloud becomes most dense and hot 56 min. hours, hours, hours, 6
in its center or core, which is where the 39 mins. 14 mins. mins.
Sun will eventually form. Revoluti 12 years 29 years 84 years 165
We can say that the gravitational on years
potential energy of the nebula gets
converted into thermal energy and
kinetic energy. And as we know that as DWARF PLANETS
the cloud contracts due to gravity, it’s *Pluto- was considered the 9th planets until 2006.
*Ceres- is considered as the largest asteroid orbiting in
going to heat up and start emitting light.
asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
By summarizing the key points that we
Large- and Small-Scale Properties of Solar System
have learned in this lesson.
Approximately four and a half billion Large scale
years ago, the solar system began as a ● Mass is concentrated at the center (sun)
cloud of gas and dust called a nebula. *Angular Momentum is held by the outer planets
Gravity caused the cloud to contract, ● Orbits are elliptical and on the same plane
forming a spinning disk shape. The Sun
● All planets revolve around the sun
formed in the center of the disk, where it
is hottest and densest. The eight planets ● Period of revolution increases with increasing
of the solar system formed in the outer distance from the sun.
regions of the disk. The disk is where Small Scale
planets eventually form, so it’s called ● Most planet rotate prograde (counterclockwise)
a protoplanetary disk. ● Inner terrestrial planets are made of materials with
Nebular Theory high melting points.
Is an explanation of Solar system. The MVEM (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars)
word Nebula is a Latin word for Cloud, Properties: rotate slower, have thin/no atmosphere, high
and according to the explanation, stars densities, and lower contents of volatiles.
are born from clouds of interstellar gas ● Jovian Planets/Gian Gases
and dust. JSUN (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune)
Dominance of large gas, large size
Hypothesis of Origin of the Solar
System Earth as Habitable Planet
1. Nebular Hypothesis Habitable Zone
It was first proposed in 1734 by Swedish ● is the area around a star where it is not too hot and
scientist Emmanuel Swedenborg and not too cold for liquid water to exist on the surface
later expanded by Immanuel Kant in of surrounding planets.
1755. ● Habitable Zone (Goldilocks zone)
A rotating cloud of gas and dust that
cools and contracts in the middle to form
the sun and the rest into a disc that
become the planets.
V. ASSIGNMENT (IF APPLICABLE)
Evidence to support nebular Hypothesis.
1. Planets and moons revolve in a
counterclockwise direction.
2. Almost all planets and moons
rotate on their axis in
counterclockwise direction.
3. Planetary orbits are aligned
along the sun’s equatorial
plane.
2. Encounter Hypothesis
Proposed by Chamberlin and Moulton
*The planets formed from debris torn off
the Sun by a close encounter with
another star.
*That our planets, moons, and sun all
spun off from a collision between stars.
3. Protoplanet hypothesis
Developed by Carl Von Weizsacker and
Gerard Kuiper.
*The Solar System begins to form, as a
rotating cloud, or nebula collapses. But
instabilities develop in the nebula
● APPLICATION / ASSESMENT
“TWO TRUTHS ONE LIE”
The students will divide into 4 groups, they are going
to guess what are the two statements that are correct
and one lie, according to the topic.
1. Solar system is part of the universe.
Sun is the center of the solar system.
The Solar system can be found in Andromeda
Galaxy.
Answer: The Solar system can be found in Andromeda
Galaxy.
2. Mars is the smallest planet.
Mercury is the nearest planet to the sun. Its surface
has many craters because it has no atmosphere.
Mercury
Shortest orbit in the solar system.
Answer: Mars is the smallest planet.
3. Asteroid belt separates the Terrestrial and Jovian
Planets.
Ceres is considered as the largest asteroid orbiting
in asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
A region in the solar system where asteroids can be
found orbiting between the orbit of Jupiter and
Saturn
Answer: A region in the solar system where asteroids can be
found orbiting between the orbit of Jupiter and Saturn
4. Mars (The Red Planet). Its surface appears red-
yellow because of Iron Oxide in the soil and dust
that covers most of the planet.
Venus It is the Hottest planet because of its very
thick atmosphere made of carbon dioxide.
In the terrestrial planets, Mars is the fourth planet.
Answer: Venus It is the Hottest planet because of its very
thick atmosphere made of carbon dioxide.
5. Terrestrial planets composed of Mercury, Venus,
Earth and Mars.
causing dust particles to pull together. Terrestrial planets are made of rocky materials and
Then the dust particles merge into have solid surfaces.
billions of Planetesimals then collide and Some of the terrestrial planets have rings.
form protoplanets. At the center of the Answer: Some of the terrestrial planets have rings
nebular disc the protosun increases in
mass and becomes a star by the process V. ASSIGNMENT (IF APPLICABLE)
of hydrogen fusion.
The Arrangement of Planets in the
Solar System
The order and arrangement of the planets
and other bodies in Solar system is due
to the way the solar system formed.
Nearest the sun only rocky material
could withstand the heat. The first four
planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth and
Mars. They are terrestrial planets.
They’re small with solid, rocky surfaces.

Meanwhile, materials we are used to

seeing as ice, liquid or gas settled in the
outer region. And that is where we find
gas giants Jupiter and Saturn and ice
giants Uranus and Neptune.
1. Terrestrial planets. Coming
from the Latin word “terra”
meaning “land”. MVEM
Mercury, Venus, Earth and
Mars
2. Jovian Planets
JSUN
Jupiter, Saturn Uranus and
Neptune

● APPLICATION /
ASSESSMENT

Explain the following, briefly.

1. How was the Solar System
formed according to the
Nebular theory?
2. How was the Solar System
formed according to the
Encounter Hypothesis?
3. How was the Solar System
formed according to the
 Protoplanet Hypothesis?

PREPARED BY:
V. ASSIGNMENT (IF
APPLICABLE) NOTED BY:
Study the properties of the solar system
CHECKED BY:

NAME OF SUBJECT
TEACHER
NAME OF
SUBJECT LEADER
MAYCA D. JAMUYOT,
LPT
SUBJECT
TEACHER SUBJECT LEADER STEM COORDINATOR, AU-PASIG