Engineering Mathematics 2_Matrices_2018 1

Chapter 1: System of Linear Equations and Matrices

1. Calculate the matrix multiplication for the following matrices:

1 3 2  2 13 
     
a. Let W   2 0 1  and P   3  , find WP. Ans : WP   5 
 0 1 3 1 6
     
 2 3 1   1 5   -9 -4 
     
b. If A =  1 0 4  and B=  3 1  , find A  B . Ans : AB   - 7 -7 
 9 12 5  2 3  - 35 - 18 
     
1  2 2 4 1   10 2 1 
c. If A =   and B=   , find A  B . Ans : AB   
 2  3 6 1 0    14 5 2 
 0 1 2  2 4 1  9 0 0
     
d. If A =  2 0 1  and B=  1  2 4  , find A  B . Ans : AB   0 9 0 
1 2 0  4  0 0 9
   1  2   
  3  2  4  5  3
   
e. Multiply the matrices A and B . A    1 1 0  , B  6 7 
 4 2 3  8 4 
  
  59  21
 
Ans : AB   1 10 
 56 14 

 3  1
 0  1 2    11 0 
f. Multiply   1 2  Ans :  
 4 11 2  6 1   35 20 
 
 2 1 7 
 
g. A   3  1 0  and B  4  1 5 . Find BA. Ans : BA   11 15 23
 0 2  1

1 2 3  4 5 6
h. Find the product of two matrices, A and B, where A  4 5 6 and B  7 8 9
 
7 8 9 1 2 3
 21 27 33 
 
Ans : AB   57 72 87 
 93 117 141
 
2 1 3  1 6 1   5 29  22 
1 8 3  3 5 3   
i.    Ans :   17 58  2 
5 7 1  2 4  9   14 69 17 
 
4 3 1  5 35
j.  2 2 2   4 Ans : 24
  
1 4 3  3 30

2 3 4  1.5  0.5  1  1 0 0
 2 1 2  4  
k.
   3  2 Ans :  0 1 0 
1 4 5  3.5 2.5 0 0 1
2   

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5
l. 1 2 3 3 Ans : 17 
 2

1   5 3 2
 
m. 2 5 3 2 Ans : 10 6 4 
3 15 9 6 
 

1  2   5
2. Let A    and B    ,
3 4   5 
  15 
a. Find AB Ans : AB   
 5 
  1
b. Find A- 1 using ERO, hence calculate for X = A-1B Ans : X   
 2

5 1  2  1
3. Let A    and B   
6 2  6 5 
4 0
a. i. Find AB Ans : AB   
 0 4
1  2  1
ii. Write down the inverse of A using ERO Ans : A1   
4   6 5 
 x  8   5 
b. Let X    and C    , Solve the matrix equation AX = C. Ans: X   
y
    4    17 

5 0
4. A matrix M has inverse M 1   
1 2 
1  2 0
a. Find M Ans: M   
10   1 5 
1  x 5
b. Solve the matrix MX = B, where B    and X    Ans: X   
7  y 15 

1 2   3 0
5. Let A    and B    , find
 3  1  2 1
 4 2
a. A + B Ans:  
1 0
  3  6
b. – 3 A Ans:  
9 3 
 1 2 
c. AB Ans:  
 11  1

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3 0 1
 
6. Let A   2  3 0 
4  2 1
 
 3 2  3
-1
1

a. Calculate A using ERO. Ans: A   2 1  2
8  6 9 
 
  3 2 1  7 6  7
   
b. Let B be a 3 x 3 matrix. Given that AB   5 3 4    6 5  8  , find B.
  9 2 10   1 7  5 
   
 2 1  3
 
Ans: B   1 0 2 
4 1 1 
 
 1 1 3 
 
7. Let A   2 1 1 
 0 2  2
 
 
 
 1 1  1
1 5
a. Calculate A-1 using ERO. Ans: A   1 
1
 2 4
 1 3
1  
 2 4
 x 2
   
b. Let AX = C, where X   y  and C    1
z 1
   
 
 
  4
15
i. Find X Ans: X   
 4 
 13 
 
 4 
ii. Write down the system of equations whose solution is represented by X.
x  y  3z  4
Ans: 2 x  y  z  1
2 y  2z  1
 b 3  9 5   4 8 
8. Let        
 7 8    2 7   a 15 
a. Write down the value of a. Ans: 5
b. Find the value of b. Ans: - 5

  4 8   2 0    22 24  3
9. Let 3   5     . Find the value of q. Ans : 
 2 1   q  4   9 23  5

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5 1  2 4 9  7
10. Matrices A, B and C are defined by A    ; B    ; C    . Let X be an
 7 2   3 15  8 2 
unknown 2 x 2 matric satisfying the equation AX = BC. This equation may be solved for X by
rewriting it in the form X = A-1D
1  2  1
a. Write down A-1 by using ERO Ans :  
3   7 5 
 50  6 
b. Find D Ans :  
 93 51 
 7 
  21
c. Find X Ans :  3 
 115 99 
 
 3 
a 2 
11. Let M    , where a  Z
 2  1
 5  4
a. If M2 is equal to   , find the value of a Ans : a = -1
 4 5 
b. Using the value of a, find M-1 and hence solve the system of equations:
 x  2 y  3  x  1 
Ans :     
2x  y  3  y    1
5 1  5 1  x   8 
12. Find the inverse for A    by using ERO. Hence, solve for       .
 6 2  6 2  y    4 
 x  5 
Ans :     
 y    17 
 1 2    1 2  x  10 
13. Find the inverse for A    by using ERO. Hence, solve for       .
 2  1  2  1 y   4 
 x   6
Ans :     
 y  8

14. Solve the following system of linear equations by Gauss-Jordan method.

3 x  2 y  6 z  6  x    2
   
a. 5x  7 y  5z  6 Ans :  y    3 
z  1 
x  4 y  2z  8    

 81 
 
x yz 5  x  7 
   62 
b. 2 x  3 y  5z  8 Ans :  y   
 
4x  5 y  2 z  7 
  16
 
 7 

x  2 y  3z  2
c. 6x  3 y  9z  6 Ans : No solution
7 x  14 y  21z  13

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 7 
 t 
4y  z  2  x  4 
  1 1
d. 2x  6 y  2z  3 Ans :  y     t 
4 x  8 y  5z  4  z   2 4 

  t
 
 
A  B  2C  1  A  1 
   
2 A  B  D  2 B  2 
e. Ans :     
A  B  C  2D  4 C 1
   
2 A  B  2C  D  0  D    2
   
5x  4 y  z  0  x    1
   
f. 10 y  3 z  11 Ans :  y    2 
z3 z  3 
   

 3x  2 y  6 z  6  x    2
   
g. 5x  7 y  5z  6 Ans :  y    3 
x  4 y  2z  8 z  1 
   

x  2y  2  x   8
h. Ans :     
3x  5 y  9  y   3

2 x  4 y  2  x   1
i. Ans :     
3x  2 y  5  y   1

x  y  z 1  x  1 
   
j. 2x  2 y  6 Ans :  y    2 
3x  4 y  z  13  z    2
   

x yz 8  x  4 
   
k. 2 x  3 y  z  2 Ans :  y     3 
3x  2 y  9 z  9 z  1 
   

x yz 6
l. 2x  y  z  3 Ans : No solution
x  2 y  2z  0

5 x  y  13  x  3 
m. Ans :     
3x  2 y  5  y    2

5 x  7 y  4  x    47 
n. Ans :     
2x  3y  5  y   33 

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 x  2 y  3z  1  x  3 
   
o. 2x  y  2 Ans :  y     4 
 z    4
4 x  2 y  5z  0    

y  2 z  18  x  8 
   
p. 2x  z  20 Ans :  y   10 
z  4 
x 2y  28    

 3 
 
x  5 y  2z  2  x  2 
  1
q. 3x  y  4 z  1 Ans :  y     
 z   2 
3 x  6 y  7 z  3   3
 
 2

r. Three friends Aiman, Fahmi and Syazwan went to Mr. DIY and bought different quantities
of components for their Final Year Project. The Table 1 below shows the quantities
purchased and the total amount paid by each student.
Table 1: Quantities Purchased and the Total Amount Paid by Each Student

Amount
Student Component 1 Component 2 Component 3
Paid
Aiman 0 1 2 RM18
Fahmi 2 0 1 RM20
Syazwan 1 2 0 RM28
Assuming that each Component 1, Component 2 and Component 3 cost RMx, RMy, and
RMz respectively, write a system of equations involving x, y, and z.
 x  8 
   
Ans :  y   10 
z  4 
   
x1  3 x2  4 x3  3  x1   4 
   
s. 2 x1  7 x2  3 x3  7 Ans :  x2     3 
2 x1  8 x2  6 x3  4 x   2 
 3  

2 x1  8 x2  4 x3  0  x1   2 
   
t. 2 x1  11x2  5 x3  9 Ans :  x2    0 
4 x1  18 x2  3x3  11  x  1
 3  

2 x2  6 x3  2  x1   7 
   
u. 3x1  9 x2  4 x3  7 Ans :  x2     2 
x1  3 x2  5 x3  6 x   1 
 3  

x1  3 x2  2 x3  5 x4  11  x1   5 
   
 x1  2 x2  2 x3  5 x4  6  x    1
v. Ans :  2    
2 x1  6 x2  4 x3  7 x4  19 x 2
 3  
5 x2  2 x3  6 x 4  5 x   1 
 4  

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 7 
 
x yz 6  x  2 
  1
w. x  y  z  7 Ans :  y     
2x  2 y  z  3  z   2 
  3
 
 

2 x  7 y  z  3  x   2
   
x. x  3 y  z  1 Ans :  y    1 
4x  y  2z  7  z  0
   

2 x  y  z  5  x    1
   
y. x  3y  z  6 Ans :  y    2 
3x  y  2 z  7 z  1 
   

x  2 y  3 z  17  x  1 
   
z. 2x  y  z  4 Ans :  y     2 
4 x  y  z  2 z  4 
   

x  3y  z  4
aa. 2 x  y  z  3 Ans : No Solution
5x  8 y  2z  2

x  3y  z  1  x  3 
   
bb. 2 x  y  z  2 Ans :  y     2 
x  2y  z  3  z    10 
   

x  3y  z  5  x  8 
   
cc. 2 x  y  z  1 Ans :  y     1 
x  2y  z  6  z    16 
   

x  3 y  z  1  x    6
   
dd. 2 x  y  z  1 Ans :  y     2 
3x  y  2 z  2  z   11 
   

x  3y  z  3  x   14 
   
ee. 2 x  y  z  1 Ans :  y    4 
3x  y  2 z  0  z    23 
   

15. Use inverse matrix to solve system of linear equations which have one unique solution only for
question No 12 (Use ERO to calculate the inverse matrix)

Chapter 1_mun_2018