D”P gva¨wgK ■ evsjv (cÖ_g cÎ) ■ m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi I cixÿv cÖ¯‘wZ

we‡`ªvnx: KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg

ms‡ÿ‡c cvV cwiwPwZ:
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ evsjv mvwn‡Z¨i GKwU †kªôKweZv| G KweZvq Kwe AvZ¥RvMi‡Y
Db¥yL n‡q Avcb mËvi mMe© cªKvk NwU‡q‡Qb| KweZvwUi ga¨w`‡q Kwe
g~jZ Jcwb‡ewkK weªwUk kvm‡bi weiæ‡× †¶vf I we‡`ªvn cªKvk
K‡i‡Qb| GLv‡b wZwb Ggb exi wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb †h,
wZwb †Kv‡bv wKQy‡KB c‡ivqv K‡ib bv| Avi Zv Ki‡Z wM‡q wZwb wewfbœ
ag©, HwZn¨, BwZnvm I cyivY †_‡K DcKiY I Abyl½ wb‡q wb‡Ri
we‡`ªvnx mËv‡K iƒc`vb K‡i‡Qb| Kwe G KweZvq Zvui `ywU mËv‡K Zy‡j
a‡i‡Qb| GKwU n‡jv Zvui AvZ©gvbeZvi cªwZ †cªg I Ab¨wU Zvui we‡`ªvnx
mËv| GB we‡`ªvnx mËv AKy‡Zvfq I Ab¨v‡qi weiæ‡× weaŸsmx| Zvui GB
we‡`ªvn Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡× Ges AvZ©gvbeZvi c‡¶ Avkvi Av‡jv †`Lvq|
GB we‡`ªvnx mËvi GKgvÎ j¶¨- AZ¨vPv‡ii Aemvb| Avi ZvB wZwb
†NvlYv K‡ib, hZw`b ch©šÍ Drcxwo‡Zi µ›`b‡ivj eÜ n‡e bv, ZZw`b
ch©šÍ Kwei GB we‡`ªvnx mËv j‡¶¨ AwePj _vK‡e|

GK bR‡i †jLK m¤úwK©Z wKQz Z_¨

Rb¥ KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg 1899 mv‡ji 24‡k †g (evsjv 1306 e½v‡ãi 11B ˆR¨ô) fvi‡Zi cwðge‡½i ea©gvb †Rjvi Avmvb‡mvj
gnKygvi Pyiæwjqv Mªv‡g Rb¥MªnY K‡ib|
wk¶v I ˆkkeKvj gvÎ AvU eQi eq‡m wcZv‡K nvwi‡q Kwei cwievi Pig `vwi‡`ª¨i wkKvi nq| 1316 e½v‡ã Mªv‡gi g³e †_‡K wbgœ cªvBgvwi cvk
K‡i †mLv‡bB GK eQi wk¶KZv K‡ib| gvÎ ev‡iv eQi eq‡m wZwb †j‡Uvi `‡j †hvM †`b Ges `‡ji Rb¨ cvjvMvb iPbv
K‡ib| †mLv‡bB Zvui m…wókxj mËvi cwiPq cvIqv hvq|
Dcvwa we‡`ªvnx Kwe
ˆmwbK bRiæj 1914 mv‡j cª_g wek¦hy× ïiæ nIqvi ci 1917 mv‡j 49 b¤^i evOvwj cë‡b ˆmwbK wn‡m‡e †hvM`vb K‡i KivwP hvb Ges c‡i
nvwej`vi c‡` DbœxZ nb|
mvwnZ¨mvabv 1920 mv‡j evOvwj cëb †f‡O †M‡j KjKvZvq G‡m cwic~Y©fv‡e mvwnZ¨PP©vq g‡bvwb‡ek K‡ib|
Kwe wn‡m‡e cwiwPwZ mvßvwnK 'weRjx' cwÎKvq Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZv cªKvwkZ n‡j Pviw`‡K Zvui KweL¨vwZ Qwo‡q c‡o Ges wZwb we‡`ªvnx Kwe wn‡m‡e
cwiwPwZ jvf K‡ib| wZwb 'jvOj' 'behyM', 'a~g‡KZy' QvovI †ek wKQy cwÎKvi m¤úv`bvi Kv‡R hy³ wQ‡jb| wZwb Dcb¨vm,
†Qv‡UvMí, bvUK I cªeÜ iPbvi cvkvcvwk †`kvZ¥‡evaK Mvb, k¨vgvmsMxZ I MRj iPbvq wm×n¯Í wQ‡jb|
†jLvmg~n D‡jøL‡hvM¨ iPbv:
Kve¨: AwMœ-exYv, we‡li evuwk, mvg¨ev`x, me©nviv, wmÜy wn‡›`vj, PµevK, mܨv, cªjq-wkLv|
m¤§vbbv fviZ miKvi KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg‡K 1960 mv‡j ÔcÙf~lY' Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ K‡i| GQvov wZwb RMËvwiYx ¯^Y©c`K, GKy‡k
c`Kmn AmsL¨ cyi¯‹vi I m¤§vbbvq f~wlZ nb|
g…Zy¨ g…Zy¨ 9 wW‡m¤^i, 193, KjKvZv|

KwVb As‡ki e¨vL¨v:
1. ej exi-
ej DbœZ gg wki!
wki †bnvwi' Avgvwi, bZwki IB wkLi wngvw`ªi!
Ô†bnvwi' k‡ãi A_©— cªZ¨¶ K‡i Avi Ôwngvw`ª' n‡jv wngvjq| G
As‡k Kwei ex‡ivwPZ AvZ¥`¤¢ cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| wZwb g‡b K‡ib,
Zvui GB DbœZ I Mwe©Z wki cªZ¨¶ K‡i wngvjq P~ovI gv_v bZ
Ki‡e|
2. gnv-cªj‡qi Avwg bUivR, Avwg mvB‡K¬vb, Avwg aŸsm!
bUivR gnv‡`e wk‡ei Av‡iK bvg| GB iƒ‡c wZwb b…‡Z¨i Q‡›`
mewKQy aŸsm K‡ib| G As‡k we‡`ªvnx Kwe wb‡R‡K cªjq m…wóKvix
†`eZv wk‡ei m‡½ Zyjbv K‡i‡Qb|
3. Avwg Awbqg D”Q…•Lj,
Avwg `'‡j hvB eÜb, hZ wbqg Kvbyb k…•Lj!
Kwei we‡`ªvn civaxbZv, Ab¨vq I Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡×| Avi ZvB
Amvg¨ m„wóKvix mKj AvBb ev wbqg-Kvbyb-k…•L‡ji †eovRvj‡K
wZwb AwZµg K‡i P‡jb|
4. Avwg a~R©wU, Avwg G‡jv‡K‡k So AKvj-‰ekvLxi Avwg we‡`ªvnx,
Avwg we‡`ªvnx-myZ wek¦-weavZ…i!
RUvavix wk‡ei Aci bvg a~R©wU Avi G‡jv‡Kk n‡jv hvi †Kk ev
Pyj Gjv‡bv| GLv‡b Gjv‡bv Py‡ji mv‡_ AKvj ˆekvLxi S‡oi Zyjbv
Kiv n‡q‡Q| wØZxq PiYwU‡Z D‡jøwLZ ÔmyZÕ k‡ãi A_©— cyÎ| Kwe
GLv‡b wb‡R‡K wek¦weavZvi we‡`ªvnx cyÎ wn‡m‡e AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|
5. gg GK nv‡Z evuKv evu‡ki evukix Avi nv‡Z iY-Z~h©;
ÔZ~h©' n‡jv— cªvPxb iYev`¨ we‡kl| GLv‡b 'evuKv evu‡ki evukix' Kwei
†cªg I mvg¨ev`x g‡bvfv‡ei Bw½Zen Avi ÔiY-Z…lÕ Zvui we‡`ªvnx
mËvi| A_©vr Kwe GLv‡b GKBm‡½ †cªg I †`ªv‡ni cªwZg~wZ©|
6. Avwg Bmªvwd‡ji wkOvi gnv û¼vi,
Bmªvwdj n‡jb cweÎ †KviAv‡b DwjøwLZ wewkó †d‡ikZv| Zvui
wkOvi dyu‡KB cªjq msNwUZ nq| cªjq m…wóKvix †d‡ikZvi wkOvi
cªZx‡K Kwe GLv‡b Zvui weaesmx iƒcwU‡K D‡b¥vPb K‡i‡Qb|
7. Avwg Pµ I gnv k•L, Avwg cªYe-bv` cªPÐ!
†`eZv weòyi Pvi nvZ| Zvui GB Pvi nv‡Z _v‡K k•L, Pµ, M`v I
cÙ| GLv‡b k•L g½‡ji cªZxK| Pµ I M`v weaŸsmx ¶gZvi
 cªZxK| GmKj A¯¿ w`‡q wZwb Ackw³i webvk NwU‡q g½j cªwZôv
K‡ib| Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq k•L I P‡µi m‡½ wb‡Ri Zyjbv K‡i Kwe
kvwšÍ cªwZôvi j‡¶¨ Ab¨vq I Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡× Zvui `…p Ae¯’vb‡K
¯úó K‡i‡Qb|
8. Avwg ¶¨vcv `ye©vmv, wek¦vwgÎ-wkl¨,
`ye©vmv I wek¦vwgÎ cªvPxb fvi‡Zi `yB wewkó gywb I Fwl| Fwl
wek¦vwg‡Îi wkl¨ `ye©vmv wQ‡jb cªPÐ ivMx| Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq `ye©vmvi
m‡½ wb‡Ri Zyjbv K‡i Kwe Ab¨v‡qi weiæ‡× wb‡Ri †µv‡ai ¯^iƒc
D‡b¥vPb K‡i‡Qb|
9. Avwg ciïiv‡gi K‡Vvi KyVvi
wbt¶wÎq Kwie wek¦, Avwbe kvwšÍ kvšÍ D`vi!
cvV¨eB we‡køl‡Y cixÿv cÖ¯‘wZi Rb¨ m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi DËi
1. Avwg hy‡M hy‡M Avwm, AvwmqvwQ cybt gnvwecøe †nZy
GB mªóvi kwb gnvKvj a~g‡KZy!
mvZ-mvZk biK-R¡vjv R¡‡j gg jjv‡U|
gg a~g-KyÐjx K‡i‡Q wk‡ei wÎbqb Nb †Nvjv‡U|
Avwg mªóvi ey‡K m…wó cv‡ci AbyZvc-Zvc nvnvKvi
Avi g‡Z¨© kvnviv-‡Mvex-Qvc
Avwg Awke wZ³ Awfkvc|
K. Kwe Kx gv‡bb bv?
L. 'h‡e Drcxwo‡Zi µ›`b-‡ivj AvKv‡k evZv‡m aŸwb‡e bv' -
GK_v ejvi KviY Kx?
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ we‡`ªvnx' KweZvi mv`…k¨c~Y© w`K&wU e¨vL¨v
K‡iv|
N. ÒDÏxcKwU Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi mgMªfve aviY K‡ibv"-
gšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv wePvi K‡iv|
 1 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. Kwe †Kv‡bv AvBb gv‡bb bv|
L. wbh©vwZZ I wbcxwoZ gvby‡li `ytLKó I AvZ©wPrKvi eÜ bv nIqv
ch©šÍ Kwe wecøe-cªwZev` Pvwj‡q hv‡eb †evSv‡Z wZwb cª‡kœv³ K_v
e‡j‡Qb|
Amvg¨ I eÂbvi weiæ‡× Kwei we‡`ªvn wbišÍi| †hLv‡bB wZwb
AZ¨vPvi I AbvPvi †`‡L‡Qb, †mLv‡bB we‡`ªvn †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|
wbcxo‡Ki weiæ‡× Ges AvZ©gvbeZvi c‡¶ cªwZev‡` dyu‡m D‡V‡Qb
wZwb| Zvui ûsKv‡i †Ku‡c D‡V‡Q AZ¨vPvixi ¶gZvi gmb`|
Ackw³i weiæ‡× jovB Ki‡Z Ki‡Z K¬všÍ n‡q †M‡jI DrcxwoZ
gvby‡li c‡¶ wecøe-cªwZev` Ae¨vnZ ivLvi cªZ¨q e¨³ K‡i‡Qb
wZwb| G welqwU‡K ¯úó Ki‡ZB wZwb cª‡kœv³ PiYwUi AeZviYv
K‡i‡Qb|
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi mv`…k¨c~Y© w`KwU n‡”Q we‡`ªvnx
†PZbv|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq bvbv e¨Äbvq Kwei we‡`ªv‡ni ¯^iƒc dy‡U D‡V‡Q|
†hLv‡bB Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPvi †`‡L‡Qb, †mLv‡bB wZwb we‡`ªv‡ni
AwMœg‡š¿ dyu‡m D‡V‡Qb| we‡kl K‡i civaxb gvZ…f~wg‡Z weRvZxq
wn›`y cyiv‡Yi GK wewkó PwiÎ ciïivg| wZwb eûevi Zvui KyVvi
w`‡q AZ¨vPvix ¶wÎq ivRv‡`i aŸsm K‡ib| Av‡jvP¨ As‡k
ciïiv‡gi cªZx‡K AZ¨vPvix kvm‡Ki weiæ‡× Kwe Zvui †µv‡ai
ewntcªKvk NwU‡q‡Qb|
10. Avwg nj ejivg-¯‹‡Ü
Avwg Dcvwo †dwje Aaxb wek¦ Ae‡n‡j be m…wói gnvb‡›`|
Ônj' k‡ãi A_©- jvOj| gnvfvi‡Zi Ab¨Zg PwiÎ ejivg Zvui nj
ev jvO‡ji Rb¨ weL¨vZ wQ‡jb| GB jvOj wQj weaŸsmx ¶gZvi
AwaKvix| G KweZvq ejiv‡gi n‡ji m‡½ wb‡Ri Zyjbv K‡i Kwe
Ab¨v‡qi aŸsm Kvgbv K‡i‡Qb| Ab¨vq-AwePv‡ii Aemvb NwU‡qB
ˆelg¨gy³ bZyb c…w_ex Mo‡Z Pvb wZwb|
kvmK‡`i AvMªvmb I †kvlY-wbh©vZb Zvu‡K cxwoZ K‡i‡Q| msMZ
Kvi‡YB GB Ackw³i weiæ‡× †`ªvn †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb wZwb| e¯ÍyZ,
gvbyl n‡q gvby‡li Ici cªfyZ¡ djv‡bv mvgšÍ cªfy‡`i aŸs‡mi g‡a¨B
wZwb gyw³i bZyb Av‡jv †`L‡Z †c‡q‡Qb|
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k wecøex gvb‡mi evisevi wd‡i Avmvi K_v ejv
n‡q‡Q| Kv‡ji †Lqv‡j e¨w³ gvby‡li g…Zy¨ n‡jI wecøex †PZbvi
g…Zy¨ †bB| mgq cwiµgvq Zv GKRb †_‡K Ab¨R‡b mÂvwiZ nq|
d‡j wecøexi eRª‡KVvi AvnŸv‡b cwi‡ek †Nvjv‡U n‡q Av‡m| wke
ev gnv‡`‡ei wÎbqbI ZLb AÜKv‡i †X‡K hvq| cªfyZ¡ djv‡bv
biwckvP‡`i Rxeb Awfkß n‡q I‡V wecøex‡`i cªZ¨vNv‡Z|
Z_vKw_Z mvgšÍ cªfy‡`i Kv‡Q Zviv †hb g~wZ©gvb Awfkv‡c cwiYZ
nq| wecøe-we‡`ªv‡ni GB weaŸsmx iƒcwU Av‡jvP¨ KweZvqI
GKBfv‡e dy‡U D‡V‡Q| †mLv‡b exi a‡g©i Abymvix Kwe mvgšÍ
cªfy‡`i ˆZwi mKj wbqg I k…•Lj †f‡O †dj‡Z cªqvmx n‡q‡Qb|
A_©vr DÏxcK I Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZv Dfq †¶‡ÎB we‡`ªvnx †PZbvi
ewntcªKvk j¶ Kiv hvq| GwUB DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi
mv`…k¨c~Y© w`K|
N. DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k †Kej we‡`ªvnx †PZbvi w`KwU dy‡U IVvq Zv
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi mgMªfve‡K aviY Ki‡Z cv‡iwb|
Av‡jvP¨ KweZvwU Kwei we‡`ªvnx †PZbvi GK Abb¨ cªKvk|
we‡`ªv‡ni ¯^iƒc D˜NvU‡b KweZvwU Abb¨ gvBjdjKI e‡U| Z‡e G
KweZvq ïay †`ªvn †PZbvB bq, †mLv‡b we‡`ªvnx wn‡m‡e Kwei
AvZ¥cwiPq, †cªg I †`ªv‡ni ¯^iƒcmn wewPÎ welq Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q|
GQvovI KweZvwU‡Z AvZ©gvbeZvi gyw³i j‡¶¨ Kwe cªZ¨q e¨³
K‡i‡Qb|
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k we‡`ªvnx †PZbvi ewntcªKvk N‡U‡Q| Ab¨vq I
Amvg¨ NyPv‡Z †mLv‡b wecøex mËvi cybiæÌv‡bi cªm½ D‡V G‡m‡Q|
GB we‡`ªvnx mfv AKy‡Zvfq I gvbeKj¨v‡Y wb‡ew`Z| kZ
cªwZeÜKZvI Zvi c_ iæ× Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Ab¨v‡qi cªwZf~‡`i
Rb¨ mv¶vr Awfkvc wn‡m‡e Avwef©~Z nq †m| Av‡jvP¨ "we‡`ªvnx'
KweZvqI Kwe Zvui we‡`ªvnx mËvi Ggb ˆewk‡ó¨i K_vB Zy‡j
a‡i‡Qb| †hLv‡b civaxb Rb¥f~wg‡Z Jcwb‡ewkK kvm‡bi weiæ‡×
Zxeª cªwZev` aŸwbZ n‡q‡Q|
 Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq Kwe †`ªvn K‡i‡Qb mgv‡R weivRgvb Ackvmb I
APjvqZ‡bi weiæ‡×| Zvui wek¦vm, GB APjvqZb †f‡OB GKw`b
†`Lv wgj‡e gyw³i c_| GKBfv‡e, DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡kI Kwe
gnvwecø‡ei K_v e‡j‡Qb| A_©vr Dfq¯’v‡b eeRªwb‡N©vl wecø‡ei K_v
cªKvwkZ n‡jI KweZvwUi e¨vwß DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡ki Zyjbvq
e¨vcK| ZvQvov G KweZvq gvbeZv‡ev‡a D™¢vwmZ Kwei m`¤¢
Dcw¯’wZ j¶ Kiv hvq| gyn~‡Z©i Rb¨I wZwb Ackw³i Kv‡Q gv_v
wbP Ki‡Z ivwR bb| m‡e©vcwi Kwei wecøe cªwZev‡`i †cQ‡b i‡q‡Q
gvby‡li cªwZ Zvui Acwimxg fv‡jvevmv| Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi G mKj
welq DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k D‡V G‡m‡Q Av‡mwb| †m we‡ePbvq,
cª‡kœv³ gšÍe¨wU h_v_©|
2. `ye©vmv †n! iæ`ª Zwor nvb&wQ‡j ˆekv‡L,
nVvr †m Kvi ïb‡j †eYy K`‡¤^i H kv‡L|
e‡Rª †Zvgvi evR‡j evuwk, ewý n‡jv Kvbœv, nvwm
my‡ii e¨_vq cªvY D`vmx-
gb m‡i bv Kv‡R|
†Zvgvi bqb-Syiv AwMœ-my‡iI i³-wkLv ev‡R!'
K. Kwe wb‡R‡K Kvi wkl¨ e‡j †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb?
L. Ôgg GK nv‡Z evuKv evu‡ki evukix Avi nv‡Z iY-Z~h©Õ- e¨vL¨v
K‡iv|
M. DÏxc‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q?
Av‡jvPbv K‡iv|
N. DÏxc‡Ki `ye©vmv Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi ¶¨vcv `ye©vmvi ¯^iƒc
D‡b¥vP‡b mnvqK wK? †hŠw³K we‡kølY K‡iv|
 2 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. Kwe wb‡R‡K wek¦vwg‡Îi wkl¨ e‡j †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|
L. †cªg I †`ªv‡ni mgš^‡q wbR Aw¯Í‡Z¡i ¯^iƒc Zy‡j ai‡ZB Kwe cª‡kœvË
PiYwUi AeZviYv K‡i‡Qb|
Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg †cª‡gi Kwe, †`ªv‡ni Kwe| gvbe‡cªg I
mvg¨‡PZbv Zvui KweZvi g~j †cªiYv| Avi ZvB †hLv‡bB Amvg¨ I
AbvPvi j¶ K‡i‡Qb, e¨w_Z Kwe †mLv‡bB D”PviY K‡i‡Qb
†`ªv‡ni cw³gvjv| Av‡jvP¨ KweZvwU‡ZI Kwei †`ªvn civaxbZvi
k…•Lj Ges Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡×, hvi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ gvbegyw³| wbcxwoZ
gvby‡li µ›`b eÜ Kivi cªqv‡mB Zvui GB †`ªvn| Kwe mËvi GB
we‡`ªvnx iƒc Ges Zvi AšÍiv‡j gvbe‡cª‡gi welqwU †evSv‡ZB Kwe
cª‡kœvË PiYwUi AeZviYv K‡i‡Qb|
M. DÏxc‡K Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq cªKvwkZ we‡`ªvnx Kwei iæ`ªiƒ‡ci w`KwU
cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq Kwe m~g©i †`ªv‡ni evYx D”PviY K‡i‡Qb|
civaxbZvi k…•Lj Ges mvgvwRK †f`-‰el‡g¨i weiæ‡× Ki‡Z wM‡q
Kwe weaŸsmx bvbviƒ‡c wb‡R‡K Kíbv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb eyS‡Z
†c‡iwQ‡jb, mv‡g¨i evYx Jcwb‡ewkK I kvmK‡kªwYi KY©‡MvPi n‡e
bv| ZvB Av‡jvP¨ KweZvwU‡Z wZwb GB AZ¨vPvix Ackw³i weiæ‡×
Awfkvc n‡q wd‡i Avm‡Z Pvb|
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k `ye©vmvi ey×iƒ‡ci cwiPq cvIqv hvq| `ye©vmvi
†m iƒ‡c my‡ii evuwk †hb eRª n‡q hvq, Kvbœv-nvwmi mij Av‡eM †bq
AwMœiƒc| Avi Zvi g‡bv‡gvwnbx myiI †hb ¤-vb n‡q hvq AwfNv‡Zi
†e`bvq| `ye©vmvi bqb-Syiv AwMœ-my‡i Dcw¯’Z nq i³-wkLv| GB
Pig ¶¨vcv‡U `ye©vmv Z_v †`ªv‡ni weaŸsmx iƒc Av‡jvP¨ Ôwe‡`ªvnx'
KweZvqI GKBfv‡e dy‡U D‡V‡Q| †mLv‡b Kwe †Kej cªej weµ‡g
we‡`ªvn †NvlYv K‡iB †_‡g _v‡Kbwb, eis aŸsmKvgx wewPÎ iƒ‡c
wb‡R‡K cªKvk K‡i‡Qb| KweZvq D‡V Avmv we‡`ªvnx Kwei iæ`ª
iƒcwUB cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
N. DÏxc‡Ki `ye©vmvi aŸsmvZ¥K iƒc Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi ¶¨vcv `ye©vmvi
¯^iƒc D‡b¥vP‡b mnvqK e‡jB Avwg g‡b Kwi|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq we‡`ªv‡ni ¯^iƒc D‡b¥vPb Ki‡Z wM‡q Kwe wb‡R‡K
bvbv aŸsmvZ¥K iƒ‡c Kíbv K‡i‡Qb| ZviB ewntcªKvk N‡U‡Q
wb‡R‡K ¶¨vcv `ye©vmv e‡j cwiPq †`Iqvi ga¨ w`‡q| †Kbbv cyivY
g‡Z, gywb `ye©vmv wQ‡jb AZ¨šÍ †Kvcb-¯^fvewewkó| Zvui †Kvcvb‡j
c‡o A‡b‡KB `» nb; GgbwK Zv †_‡K †`eZvivI †invB cvbwb|
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k `ye©vmv gywb‡K Aej¤^b K‡i we‡`ªvnx †PZbvi
¯^iƒc D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q| Kwei `…wó‡Z, `ye©vmvi iæ`ªiƒc `k©‡b my‡ii
Avavi evuwk †hb eRª n‡q hvq, Kvbœv-nvwmi mij Av‡eM Av¸‡bi
iƒc cvq, GgbwK bqb-Syiv my‡iI Zvi i³-wkLv †e‡R I‡V| A_©vr
Zvi cªfv‡e mewKQy aŸsm n‡q hvq| DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k cªKvwkZ
†`ªv‡ni GB weaŸsmx iƒcwU Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq ¶¨vcv `ye©vmvi cªZx‡K
D‡V G‡m‡Q|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq we‡`ªvnx wn‡m‡e Kwe Zvui AvZ¥cwiPq `vb
K‡i‡Qb| Avi Zv Ki‡Z wM‡q wZwb †Kvcb-¯^fv‡ei gywb `ye©vmvi
cªm½ Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| GLv‡b Kwe Zv‡K Aej¤^b K‡i‡Qb
aŸs‡mi cªZxK wn‡m‡eB| wb‡RB e‡j‡Qb †h, wZwb ïay `ye©vmv bb;
eis ¶¨vcv `ye©vmv| DÏxc‡K Avgiv †h `ye©vmv‡K cvB, cªK…Z A‡_©
wZwb G‡m‡Qb Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi `ye©vmv Pwi‡Îi e¨vL¨v wn‡m‡e|
Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq Kwe `ye©vmv‡K ïay ¶¨vcv e‡j‡Qb; wKš‘ Zvi †mB
¶¨vcv iƒc †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i Zv e‡jbwb| DÏxc‡Ki `ye©vmvi w`‡K
bRi w`‡j Avgiv `ye©vmvi cªK…Z iƒcwU Lyu‡R cvB| †mw`K †_‡K
†`L‡j DÏxc‡Ki `ye©vmv Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi ¶¨vcv `ye©vmvi ¯^iƒc
D‡b¥vP‡b mnvqK f~wgKv †i‡L‡Q|
3. hvnviv c‡` c‡` Avwbqv w`j jvÃbv, Acgvb, AZ¨vPvi, wbh©vZb,
cª‡Z¨K my‡hv‡M hvnviv nvwbj ˆewiZvi welv³ evY, nhiZ Zvunv‡`i
mwnZ Kx e¨envi Kwi‡jb? Rqxi Avm‡b ewmqv b¨v‡qi Zyjv`Ð nv‡Z
jBqv ewj‡jb: fvBme, †Zvgv‡`i m¤^‡Ü Avgvi Avi †Kv‡bv
Awf‡hvM bvB, AvR †Zvgiv mevB ¯^vaxb, mevB gy³| gvby‡li cªwZ
†cªgcy‡Y¨ D™¢vwmZ GB mygnvb cªwZ‡kva m¤¢e KwiqvwQj nhi‡Zi
weivU gbyl¨Z¡|
K. Kwe wb‡R‡K Kv‡`i gig †e`bv e‡j‡Qb?
L. ÔAvwg `ye©vi/ Avwg †f‡O Kwi me PyigviÕ - e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi ˆemv`…k¨c~Y© w`KwU e¨vL¨v
K‡iv|
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.) I Òwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi Kwei
g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ _vK‡jI Zvu‡`i g~j‡PZbv GKBÓ - gšÍe¨wU
we‡kølY K‡iv|
  3 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. Kwe wb‡R‡K Aegvwb‡Zi gig †e`bv e‡j‡Qb|
L. Av‡jvP¨ DwˇZ Kwei weaŸsmx iƒ‡ci ewntcªKvk N‡U‡Q|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq Kwe †kvlY-eÂbv I AZ¨vPvi-wbh©vZ‡bi weiæ‡×
D”PKÉ| civaxb fviZe‡l© weªwUk †ewbqv kvmK‡Mvôx I Zv‡`i
†`vmi‡`i Ackvmb I †f`-‰el‡g¨i RvuZvK‡j wcó †`kevmx‡K
wZwb gy³ Ki‡Z Pvb| G j‡¶¨B `ye©vi MwZ‡Z wZwb †kvlK I
AZ¨vPvixi mewKQy †f‡O Pyigvi K‡i w`‡Z Pvb| cª‡kœv³ PiYwU‡Z
we‡`ªvnx KwemËvi Ggb weaŸsmx iƒcB cªwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q|
M. DÏxc‡Ki gnË¡ †NvlYvi m‡½ Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi †`ªv‡ni w`KwU
ˆemv`…k¨c~Y©|
'we‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvwU †`ªvn I we‡¶v‡f D”PwKZ| KweZvq mKj
Ab¨vq, Awbqg I †kvl‡Yi weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
AZ¨vPvix, †kvlK I Ackvm‡bi Aemv‡b iæ× g~wZ©‡Z KweZvi
Kwei Ae¯’vb|
DÏxc‡K cªKvk †c‡q‡Q ¶gv I gn‡Ë¡i AZyjbxq `…óvšÍ| hviv
n¨iZ‡K AcgvwbZ, jvwÃZ K‡i‡Qb wZwb my‡hvM †c‡qI Zv‡`i
cªwZ †Kv‡bv cªwZ‡kva wb‡jb bv| eis ˆewiZvi wecix‡Z wZwb
eÜy‡Z¡i †NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb| Rqxi Avm‡b e‡mI wZwb b¨v‡qi cªZxK
wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K Dc¯’vcb Ki‡jb| †NvlYv Ki‡jb, Kv‡iv weiæ‡×
Zvui †Kvb Awf‡hvM †bB| mevB‡K wZwb ¯^vaxb I gy³ e‡j †NvlYv
Ki‡jb| wPikÎy‡K Gfv‡e ¶gvi gnË¡ cª`k©b mwZ¨B weij|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvwU GLv‡bB DÏxcK †_‡K c…_K| KweZvwU‡Z
AZ¨vPvix I †kvl‡Ki weiæ‡× hy× †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i‡K
wbwðý bv Kiv ch©šÍ Kwe ¶všÍ n‡eb bv e‡jI †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘
DÏxc‡K kÎyi cªwZ cª`wk©Z n‡q‡Q mxgvnxb D`viZv I ¶gvi evYx|
†Kvb cªwZ‡kva ¯ú…nv †mLv‡b ¯’vb cvqwb|
N. DÏxc‡Ki nhiZ gynv¤§` (m.) Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi Kwei g‡a¨
¯^fveMZ cv_©K¨ _vK‡jI Zvu‡`i g~j‡PZbv gvbeKj¨‡v‡Y Ave×|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi Kwe gvbemgv‡R kvwšÍ I w¯’wZ cªwZôvq cªZ¨vkx|
GRb¨ wZwb †kvlK, AZ¨vPvix‡`i weiæ‡× †KVvi n¯Í| Drcxwo‡Zi
µ›`b‡ivj eÜ Ki‡Z wZwb Abgbxq I we‡`ªvnx| †kvlK‡K kvw¯Í
w`‡q wZwb gvbemgv‡R `ye©‡ji AwaKvi cªwZôvq e×cwiKi|
DÏxc‡Ki nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.) wek¦ gvbeZvi GK AZyjbxq Av`k©|
Zvui ¯^fve wQj D`viZv I gnvbyfeZvq cwic~Y©| kÎyi cªwZI wZwb
wQ‡jb `qv`ª©| c‡` c‡` hviv Zv‡K Acgvb, jvÃbv, AZ¨vPvi,
wbh©vZb K‡iwQj weRqx n‡q Zv‡`i cªwZ wZwb ¶gvi Awgq evYx
D”PviY K‡ib| KZUv gnËg n‡j Ggb †NvlYv w`‡Z cv‡ib Zv
Afvebxq| gvbemgv‡R wRNvsmv `~i K‡i cigZmwnòyZv cªwZôvB
wQj Zvui g~j †PZbv|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi Kwe ¯^fv‡e Zxeª I we¶yä wQ‡jb| gvby‡li `ytL-
Kó Zvu‡K cxov w`Z| DrcxwoZ hš¿Yv wZwb mn¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb bv|
gvby‡li `y`©kv jvN‡e wZwb †KVvi †_‡K †KVviZi wQ‡jb| fviZxq
Jcwb‡ewkK kvm‡Ki †kvl‡Y ZrKvjxb mgv‡R gvbeZv f~jywÉZ
n‡qwQj| `ye©‡ji Ici kvmK †kªwYi AeY©bxq wb‡®úl‡Y gvby‡li
Rxeb `ywe©mn n‡q c‡owQj| AwaKvi ewÂZ gvby‡li AwaKvi
Av`v‡q we‡`ªvn †PZbv aviY K‡ib Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi Kwe| wZwb
†kvlK I wbh©vZbKvix‡`i wbg©~j K‡iB mgv‡R w¯’wZ †div‡Z Pvb|
Zvui G g~j †PZbv DÏxc‡Ki gvbeKj¨vYKvgx nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-
GiB †PZbv| hw`I ¯^fv‡e Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi Kwe I nhiZ gyn¤§`
(m.) wfbœ wQ‡jb, wKš‘ †PZbvq Zviv Awfbœ|
4. Ògyw³ Av‡jv‡K Sjgj K‡i Avuav‡ii hewbKv
`yÕk eQ‡ii wbVyi kvm‡b Mov †h cvlvY‡ew`
bZyb cªv‡Yi A¼yi Rv‡M ZviB AšÍi †f`x|
be BwZnvm iwPe Avgiv gywQ Kj¼ †jLv|Ó
K. Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvwU †Kvb Kve¨Mªš’ †_‡K msKwjZ n‡q‡Q?
L. Kwe wb‡R‡K 'Awbqg D”Q…•Lj' e‡j‡Qb †Kb?
M. DÏxc‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi †h welqwU dy‡U D‡V‡Q, Zv e¨vL¨v
K‡iv|
N. DÏxc‡Ki KweZvskwU Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi g~jfve‡K KZUyKy
cªwZdwjZ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q? †hŠw³K we‡kølY K‡iv|
 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvwU 'AwMœ-exYv' Kve¨Mªš’ †_‡K msKwjZ n‡q‡Q|
L. wbqg-k…•Ljvi †eovRv‡j Ave× †_‡K Ab¨vq, AZ¨vPvi I AwePv‡ii
weiæ‡× jovB Kiv m¤¢e bq e‡j Kwe wb‡R‡K ÔAwbqg D”Q…•LjÕ
AwfwnZ K‡i k…•Lj fvOvi evZ©v w`‡q‡Qb|
civaxb fviZe‡l© Jcwb‡ewkK kvmb-‡kvl‡Yi RvuZvK‡j gvbyl‡K
wb‡®úwlZ n‡Z †`‡L Kwei ü`q ¶Zwe¶Z n‡q‡Q| wZwb †`‡L‡Qb,
Ab¨v‡qi cªwZev` Ki‡Z †M‡jB AvBb I eva¨evaKZvi †eovRv‡j
gvbyl‡K bvKvj n‡Z nq| msMZ Kvi‡YB wZwb AvB‡bi GB
†eovRvj †f‡O †ewi‡q Avm‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| ïay ZvB bq, G j¶¨
mvg‡b †i‡LB wZwb Awbqg w`‡q cªPwjZ wbqg‡K Ges D”Q…•LjZv
w`‡q k…•LwjZ I cª_ve× Rxebe¨e¯’v‡K fvO‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| GRb¨B
Kwe wb‡R‡K 'Awbqg D”Q…•Lj' e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|
M. DÏxc‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq D‡V Avmv aŸs‡mi ga¨ w`‡q bZy‡bi
m~Pbvi welqwU dy‡U D‡V‡Q|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq wbišÍi we‡`ªv‡ni evYx D”PvwiZ n‡jI Zv j¶¨nxb
bq| Kwe Rb¥Rb¥všÍ‡i ïay we‡`ªvnB K‡i hv‡eb, welqwU Ggb bq;
eis Zvui Cw¾Z †kvlY I eÂbvnxb mgvR wewbg©v‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q G
we‡`ªv‡niI Aemvb NU‡e| GQvovI wZwb we‡`ªvn Ki‡Z wM‡q evievi
aŸsmKvgx g‡bvfv‡ei cwiPq w`‡q‡Qb, wb‡R‡K bvbv weaŸsmx iƒ‡c
Kíbv K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e Zvui GB weaŸsmx iƒc mvg¨ev`x mgvR cªwZôvi
jবB PvwjZ|
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k Jcwb‡ewkK weªwUk kvmb-‡kvl‡Yi Aemvb
Kvgbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Kwe g‡b K‡ib, †mw`b nq‡Zv Lye `~‡i bq,
hLb G AÜKvi hy‡Mi cwimgvwßi ga¨ w`‡q Av‡jv Sjg‡j bZyb
w`‡bi m~Pbv n‡e| RvZxq Rxe‡bi Kj¼‡iLv gy‡Q wM‡q bZyb
BwZnvm m…wó n‡e †mw`b, m~Pbv n‡e †mvbvwj fwel¨‡Zi| Av‡jvP¨
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvqI Kwe G wel‡q Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i‡Qb| Kwe
†mLv‡b AZ¨vPvix weªwUk ivRkw³mn mKj Ackw³i aŸsm Kvgbv
K‡i‡Qb| cvkvcvwk wZwb ¯^cœ †`‡L‡Qb †kvlY-eÂbvnxb GK bZyb
c…w_exi| mKj Aïf‡K gy‡Q w`‡q †mB bZyb w`‡bi cªZ¨vkv‡ZB
Zvui wbišÍi msMªvg-we‡`ªvn| †m we‡ePbvq DÏxcKwU‡Z Av‡jvP¨
 KweZvq D‡V Avmv aŸs‡mi ga¨ w`‡q bZyb w`‡bi m~Pbvi w`KwUB
dy‡U D‡V‡Q|
N. DÏxc‡Ki KweZvskwU Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi g~jfve‡K AvswkK
cªwZdwjZ Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq Ab¨vq I Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡× Kwei †`ªv‡ni ¯^iƒc
dy‡U D‡V‡Q| G KweZvq civaxb fviZe‡l©i mgm¨vmsKyj
Av_©mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK cwi‡e‡k wech©¯Í RvwZi gyLcvÎ wn‡m‡e
Kwe wb‡R‡K Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb| gvby‡li cªwZ AK…wÎg fv‡jvevmvB
Kwe‡K Ggb Ae¯’v‡b `vuo Kwi‡q‡Q| m‡e©vcwi, KweZvwU‡Z wZwb
Ackw³i Kycªfve `~i K‡i GKwU ˆelg¨nxb I kvwšÍc~Y© mgvR
wewbg©v‡Yi ¯^cœ †`‡L‡Qb|
DÏxc‡K `yBk eQ‡ii weªwUk kvmb-‡kvl‡Yi AÜKvi Aa¨vq‡K
†cQ‡b †d‡j mvg‡b GwM‡q hvIqvi †cªiYv †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| gyw³i
Av‡jv‡K RvZxq Rxeb Sjg‡j n‡q IVvi cªZ¨vkv e¨³ Kiv n‡q‡Q
†mLv‡b| Kwei wek¦vm, Jcwb‡ewkK weªwUk kvm‡bi cvlvY‡ew`
GKw`b aŸsm n‡eB, m~Pbv n‡e bZyb w`‡bi| GKBfv‡e, Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ
KweZvi KweI Ackvmb I mvgvwRK APjvqZ‡bi weiæ‡× †`ªvn
K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e Kwei aŸsmKvgx we‡`ªvnx iƒcwU †kvlY-wbh©vZbwenxb
GK bZyb c…w_ex cªwZôvi j‡¶¨B PvwjZ|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZv I Av‡jvP¨ DÏxcK Dfq‡¶‡ÎB Ackw³i aŸsm
Kvgbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e GB aŸs‡mi g~j D‡Ïk¨ ˆelg¨nxb mgvR
cªwZôvi gva¨‡g Av‡jv‡Kv¾¡j fwel¨‡Zi w`‡K AMªmi nIqv| Z‡e
GwUB Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi GKgvÎ welq bq| †Kbbv, G welqwU QvovI
†mLv‡b Kwei †`ªv‡ni ¯^iƒc Ges Gi AšÍM©Z †cªiYv wn‡m‡e
gvbeZv‡eva‡K wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k G mKj
wel‡qi D‡jøL †bB| ZvQvov KweZvwUi we¯Í…Z cwim‡i D‡V Avmv
bvbv wPÎKí Ges †cŠivwYK Abyl‡½i †h e¨envi Avgiv †`L‡Z cvB,
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k Zv Abycw¯’Z| †m we‡ePbvq DÏxcKwU
Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi AvswkK fve‡K cªwZdwjZ K‡i|
5. ZywgB Avgvi gv‡S Avwm
Awm‡Z †gvi evRvI evuwk,
Avgvi c~Rvi hv Av‡qvRb
†Zvgvi cªv‡Yi nwe|'
K. Awd©qv‡mi wcZv G¨v‡cv‡jv Qvov Ab¨ †K n‡Z cv‡i e‡j gZ
cvIqv hvq?
L. 'Avwg we‡`ªvnx, Avwg we‡`ªvnx-m~Z wek¦-weavZ…iÕ- e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
M. DÏxc‡K dy‡U IVv we‡`ªv‡ni exR Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi mv‡_
Kxfv‡e m¤úwK©Z? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
N. Ô†cªg I †`ªv‡ni mgš^q DÏxcK I Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq
mgvšÍivjiƒ‡c cªKvwkZ n‡q‡QÕ - we‡kølY K‡iv|
 5 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. Awd©qv‡mi wcZv G¨v‡cv‡jv Qvov †_ª‡mi ivRv BMªvm n‡Z cv‡i e‡j
gZ cvIqv hvq|
L. Ab¨vq I Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡× we‡`ªvnx †PZbvi aviK wn‡m‡e Kwe
wb‡R‡K wek¦weavZvi we‡`ªvnx cyÎ ev myZ e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb|
civaxb fviZe‡l© ZLb Av_©mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK I ag©xq Kvi‡Y
mgv‡R k³ Avmb †M‡o‡Q Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPvi I ˆelg¨| m‡i Kvi‡YB
mgv‡R †Ru‡K emv GB ˆelg¨ I APjvqZb‡K fvO‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb
Kwe| G j‡¶¨B wZwb D”PviY K‡ib †`ªv‡ni cwigvY| Zvui GB †`ªvn
†Kv‡bv wbw`©ó MwЇZ Ave× bq| AZ¨vPvixi weiæ‡× wZwb weaŸsmx
iƒc wb‡q Avwef©~Z nb| we‡`ªvnx †PZbvi avi wn‡m‡e Ab¨vq I
Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡× Zvui GB wbišÍi †`ªv‡ni welqwU †evSv‡ZB Kwe
wb‡R‡K wek¦-weavZvi we‡`ªvnx-myZ ev axi ci e‡j AwfwnZ
K‡i‡Qb|
M. DÏxc‡K dy‡U IVv we‡`ªv‡ni exR A_©vr †cªgvbyf~wZi w`KwU Kwei
we‡`ªv‡ni †cªiYv wn‡m‡e cªZxqgvb nIqvi w`K †_‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ
KweZvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvwU civaxbZv I APjvqZ‡bi weiæ‡× Kwei `yg©i
†`ªv‡ni ewntcªKvk| AvZ¥vbymÜvbx Kwe civaxb fviZe‡l©i k…•LwjZ
Rxeb I ˆelg¨‡K cªZ¨¶ K‡iwQ‡jb wbweofv‡e| msMZ Kvi‡YB
Av_©mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK GB APjvqZ‡bi weiæ‡× dyu‡m
D‡VwQ‡jb wZwb| wKš‘ GKUy †Lqvj Ki‡jB †`Lv hvq, Kwei †`ªv‡ni
exR jywK‡q Av‡Q Zvui †cªgvbyf~wZ‡Z| gvby‡li cªwZ fv‡jvevmvB
Zvu‡K †Nv‡i c‡_ PvwjZ K‡i‡Q|
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k †cªqmxi cªwZ Kwei Mfxi fv‡jvevmv e¨³
n‡q‡Q| Kwei we‡`ªvnx mËv †cªqmxi Abyiv‡Mi ¯ú‡k©B †cªwgK mfvq
cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| c¶všÍ‡i, wcªqvi †cªgB Zvui we‡`ªv‡ni AbyNUK|
A_©vr we‡`ªvnx Kwe †cªwgK KweiB iƒcvšÍi gvÎ| GKBfv‡e, Avg
mËvi cwiPq w`‡Z wM‡q Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi Kwe e‡j‡Qb- Ògg GK
nv‡Z evuKv evu‡ki evukix Avi nv‡Z iY-Z~h©|Õ A_©vr †cªg Ges †`ªvn&
G `y‡qi mgš^‡qB Kwei Aw¯ÍZ¡ c~Y©Zv jvf K‡i| gvby‡li cªwZ
fv‡jvevmvi Kvi‡YB wZwb †`ªvn K‡i‡Qb| msMZ Kvi‡YB Kwei GB
†`ªvn Zvi †cªwgK mËviB wfbœ iƒc| DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡kI †`ªv‡ni
gv‡S †cª‡gi mwbœ‡ek NU‡Z †`Lv hvq| †m we‡ePbvq DÏxc‡K dy‡U
IVv we‡`ªv‡ni exR Z_v †cªgvbyf~wZ Kwei we‡`ªv‡ni †cªiYv wn‡m‡e
Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|
N. †cªg I †`ªv‡ni mvejxj cªKvk †`‡L ejv hvq †h, Dw³wU h_v_©|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi g~jmyi we‡`ªvnx †PZbv n‡jI †mB we‡`ªv‡ni exR
jy°vwqZ Av‡Q †cª‡g| †Kbbv, gvby‡li cªwZ fv‡jvevmv bv _vK‡j
†KD A‡b¨i `ytL-‡e`bv wb‡Ri gv‡S Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| KweI
Zvi e¨wZµg bb| wZwb me©Mªvmx we‡`ªvnx iƒc aviY K‡i‡Qb g~jZ
†cª‡gi Øviv AbycªvwYZ n‡qB| gvby‡li cªwZ Zvui AK…wÎg fv‡jvevmvB
Zvu‡K †`ªv‡ni c‡_ PvwjZ K‡i‡Q|
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k Kwei †cªgvbyf~wZi cªKvk N‡U‡Q| Kwei
†cªqmxi Ki¯ú‡k© Zvui we‡`ªv‡ni ev hy‡×i Awm evuwk‡Z iƒc †bq|
A_©vr Kwei Kv‡Q Awm Avi evuwk mgv_©K; hLb †hUv cª‡qvRb, ZLb
†mUvi e¨envi K‡i‡Qb wZwb| Z‡e Kwei Aw¯ÍZ¡Ry‡o i‡q‡Q Zvui
†cªwgK mËv| GB †cªwgK mËvB Zv‡K `yg©i †`ªv‡ni c_ †`wL‡q‡Q,
hvi ewntcªKvk N‡U‡Q Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq| we‡`ªvnx iƒ‡c Zvui †h
weaŸsmx iƒc, Zv g~jZ †cªggq GKwU my›`i c…w_ex wewbg©v‡Yi j‡¶¨|
ZvB Kwei Kv‡Q †cªg Avi †`ªvn mgv_©K| Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq I
DÏxc‡K hyMcr †cªg I †`ªvn cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| Avm‡j hvi ü`‡q
†cªg †bB, Zvi c‡¶ we‡`ªvnx n‡q IVv m¤¢e bq| Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi
 Kwei †¶‡ÎI we‡`ªv‡ni exR A¼ywiZ n‡q‡Q gvbe‡cªg‡K †K›`ª
K‡iB| A_©vr wbcxwoZ gvby‡li nvnvKviB Kwe‡K AZ¨vPvixi
weiæ‡× `vuo Kwi‡q‡Q| DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡kI Avgiv KwewP‡Ëi
†cªggq iƒcwU cªZ¨¶ Kwi| †cªqmxi fv‡jvevmvi wbgMœ Kwei hy‡×i
AwmB †hb iƒc †bq evuwk‡Z, Zvui AšÍ‡i †e‡R P‡j †mB †gvnb evuwki
myi| A_©vr Av‡jvP¨ KweZv ev DÏxc‡Ki KweZvsk Dfq †¶‡Î
†`ªv‡ni AšÍiv‡j Kwe؇qi †cªggq iƒcwUB cªwZfvZ nq| †m
we‡ePbvq cª‡kœvË gšÍe¨wU h_vh_|
6. ÒAvgvi G K~j fvwOqv‡Q †hev Avwg Zvi K~j evuwa,
†h †M‡Q ey‡K‡Z AvNvZ nvwbqv Zvi jvwM Avwg Kvuw`|
†h †gv‡i w`‡q‡Q we‡l-fiv evY,
Avwg †`B Zv‡i eyKfiv Mvb;
KvuUv †c‡q Zv‡i dyj Kwi `vb mvivwU Rbg-fi,-
Avcb Kwi‡Z Kvuw`qv †eovB †h †gv‡i K‡i‡Q ci|
K. Kv‡K N…bwU ejv nq?
L. Kwe wb‡R‡K ÔAwd©qv‡mi evukix' e‡j‡Qb †Kb?
M. DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡ki m‡½ Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi ˆemv`…k¨c~Y©
w`KwU e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
N. ÔDÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k cªwZdwjZ †PZbv †hb Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ
KweZvi Kwei †PZbvi cªwZiƒc|Õ- gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY K‡iv|
 6 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. wke ev gnv‡`e‡K a~R©wU ejv nq|
L. evOvwj RvwZ‡K we‡`ªv‡ni AwMœg‡š¿ RvMªZ Kivi gvb‡m Kwe wMªK
cyiv‡Y DwjøwLZ gnvb wkíx Awd©qv‡mi evuwki mv‡_ wb‡Ri Zyjbv
K‡i‡Qb|
Awd©qvm wMªK cyiv‡Yi GKRb gnvb Kwe I wkíx| wZwb hš¿msMx‡Z
mKj‡K gš¿gy» K‡i ivL‡Zb| ïay ZvB bq, my‡ii B›`ªRvj m…wó
K‡i wZwb fv‡jvevmvi cvÎx BDwiwW‡mi gb Rq K‡iwQ‡jb| Kwei
cªZ¨vkv, Awd©qv‡mi evuwki my‡ii g‡Zv Zvui we‡`ªv‡ni myiI gvby‡li
gv‡S Qwo‡q hv‡e| †m my‡i we‡`ªv‡ni AwMœg‡š¿ `xw¶Z n‡e
†`kevmx| wgj‡e KvwO&¶Z gyw³| Ggb fvebv †_‡KB Kwe wb‡R‡K
Awd©qv‡mi evuwk e‡j AwfwnZ K‡i‡Qb
M. g~j D‡Ïk¨ Awfbœ n‡jI DÏxc‡Ki KweZvsk I Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi
ˆemv`…k¨c~Y© w`K n‡jv `yRb Kwe mgm¨v mgvav‡b m¤ú~Y©| wfbœ c_
Aej¤^b K‡i‡Qb|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq mgv‡R †Ru‡K emv Ackvm‡bi weiæ‡× Zxeª
cªwZev` aŸwbZ n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b Kwe AZ¨vPvixi AZ¨vPv‡ii Aemvb
Pvb| GRb¨ wZwb we‡`ªvnxi f~wgKvq AeZxY© n‡q‡Qb| G‡¶‡Î
DrcxwoZ RbZvi µ›`b‡ivj hZw`b ch©šÍ _vK‡e ZZw`b Zvui
we‡`ªvnx mfvI kvšÍ n‡e bv|
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k Kwe civ_©ciZvi g‡a¨B †h e¨w³i cªK…Z myL
I Rxe‡bi mv_©KZv wbwnZ †m wel‡q Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i‡Qb| mgvR-
msmv‡i we`¨gvb we‡f`-wnsmv-nvbvnvwb Øviv AvµvšÍ nIqv m‡Ë¡I
Kwei K‡É cªwZ‡kva-cªwZwnsmvi wecix‡Z e¨³ n‡q‡Q cªxwZgq
cwi‡ek m…wói AvKvO&¶v| †mRb¨ wZwb Zvui cig kÎy‡K ïay ¶gv
K‡iB ¶všÍ nbwb eis Zvi DcKv‡i AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡i‡Qb| A_©vr,
GKRb mgv‡R kvwšÍ cªwZôv Ki‡Z Pvb kÎyi cªwZ fv‡jvevmv cªKvk
K‡i, Avi Ab¨Rb AZ¨vPvixi weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn K‡i| GLv‡bB
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡ki m‡½ Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi ˆemv`…k¨|
N. DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k cªwZdwjZ †PZbvi g~‡j i‡q‡Q mgv‡R kvwšÍ
cªwZôv, hv Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi Kwei †PZbvi cªwZiƒc|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq mvgvwRK AbvPv‡ii weiæ‡× AvZ¥RvMi‡Y Db¥yL
Kwei m`¤¢ AvZ¥cªKvk j¶ Kiv hvq| Zvui we‡`ªvn g~jZ mvgvwRK
ˆelg¨ I DrcxobKvixi weiæ‡×| wZwb mgv‡Ri DrcxwoZ RbZvi
µ›`b‡ivj bv _vgv ch©šÍ msMªvg Pvwj‡q hvIqvi cªZ¨q e¨³
K‡i‡Qb| mgv‡R kvwšÍ cªwZôv Ki‡ZB wZwb mKj Ab¨vq-Awbq‡gi
weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb|
DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k mgv‡Ri wnsmv-we‡Ø‡li wecix‡Z fv‡jvevmv
cªKvk †c‡q‡Q| GLv‡b Kwe Zvui cig kÎy‡K †Kej ¶gv K‡iB bq,
eis cªwZ`vb wn‡m‡e AwbóKvixi DcKvi Kivi gva¨‡g c…w_ex‡K
my›`i I evm‡hvM¨ Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| †h Kwe‡K we‡lfiv evY w`‡q
¶Z-we¶Z K‡i‡Q Kwe Zv‡K eyKfiv Mvb w`‡q eiY K‡i wb‡q‡Qb|
Avevi †h Zvu‡K KvuUv w`‡q †M‡Q Zv‡K wZwb dyj w`‡q‡Qb| wKš‘
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq Gi wecixZ wPÎ j¶ Kiv hvq|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq kÎyi cªwZ Kwei †µv‡ai wecix‡Z, Av‡jvP¨
KweZvs‡ki Kwe fv‡jvevmv w`‡q kÎy‡K Rq Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| A_©vr
GKRb AZ¨vPvixi cªwZ Zxeª N…Yv cªKvk K‡i‡Qb Ges Ab¨Rb
AZ¨vPvixi cªwZ fv‡jvevmv cªKvk K‡i‡Qb| AvcvZ `…wó‡Z Zvu‡`i
g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †`Lv †M‡jI Zvuiv g~jZ GKB D‡Ïk¨‡K aviY K‡ib,
Avi Zv n‡jv mgv‡R kvwšÍ cªwZôv| mgvR‡K ˆelg¨gy³ Ki‡Z
GKRb we‡`ªvnx f~wgKvq AeZxY© n‡jI Ab¨Rb cªwZ‡kva-
cªwZwnsmvi wecix‡Z Ae¯’vb wb‡q‡Qb| myZivs D‡Ïk¨MZ w`K
wePv‡i DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k cªwZdwjZ †PZbv Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi
Kwei †PZbvi cªwZiƒc n‡q D‡V‡Q|
7. †h e¨w³i ü`q Afvex, Amnvq, wbt¯^, GwZg I `ye©j‡K †`‡L AvcøyZ
nq bv, K‡ó wPË e¨w_Z nq bv; Zvi g‡b †cªg †bB, gvqv †bB,
†Kv‡bv ggZv †bB| hvi g‡b gvbe‡cªg †bB, gmwR` wKsev gw›`‡i
wM‡q hZB dª›`biZ Ae¯’vq _vKyK; m…wóKZ©vi †cªg †m cv‡e bv,
†c‡Z cv‡i bv, m…wóKZ©v mevi cªwZB KiæYv K‡ib wKš‘ †cªg mevi
jjv‡U †Rv‡U bv|
K. Kwe wb‡R‡K Kvi gig †e`bv e‡j‡Qb?
L. 'Avwg †Pw½m' ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb?
M. DÏxc‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU dy‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v
K‡iv|
N. DÏxc‡K cªwZdwjZ †PZbv Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi †¶‡Î Kxfv‡e
cªwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? we‡kølY K‡iv|
 7 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. Kwe wb‡R‡K Aegvwb‡Zi gig †e`bv e‡j‡Qb|
L. Kwe wb‡Ri gv‡S weaŸsmx †hv×v †Pw½m Lvb‡K Kíbv K‡i wb‡Ri
we‡`ªvn I msMªvg‡K bZyb gvÎv w`‡Z cªqvmx n‡q‡Qb| Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ
KweZvq Kwe bvbv weaŸsmx Pwi·K Aej¤^b K‡i Zvui †`ªv‡ni ¯^iƒc
D‡b¥vPb K‡i‡Qb| G‡¶‡Î KL‡bv cyivY Avevi KL‡bv HwZnvwmK
 Abyl‡½ fi K‡i Kwe Zvui aŸsmKvgx mËvi cwiPq Ávcb K‡i‡Qb|
GiB Ask wn‡m‡e Kwe wb‡R‡K `~a©i&l †gv½j †hv×v I †mbvcwZ
†Pw½m Lvbiƒ‡c Kíbv K‡i‡Qb| †Pw½m Lvb AZ¨šÍ b…ksm wQ‡jb|
Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq Kwe wb‡R‡K †Pw½m Lvb iƒ‡c Kíbv K‡i g~jZ
Ackw³‡K aŸs‡mi evZ©v w`‡Z †P‡q‡Qb|
M. DÏxc‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq cªKvwkZ †`ªv‡ni AšÍiv‡j Kwei
gvbe‡cª‡gi w`KwU cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq Kwei we‡`ªvnx mËvi ¯^iƒc D‡b¥vwPZ n‡q‡Q| wZwb
we‡`ªvn K‡i‡Qb kvmK‡Mvôxi Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPvi I mvgvwRK
APjvqZ‡bi weiæ‡×| Gi g~‡j i‡q‡Q wbcxwoZ gvby‡li cªwZ Kwei
AK…wÎg fv‡jvevmv| e¯ÍyZ, GKwU myLx I kvwšÍc~Y© mgq wewbg©v‡Yi
j‡¶¨B Kwei GB †`ªvn|
DÏxc‡K gvbe‡cªg‡KB me©vwaK ¸iæZ¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| e³v g‡b
K‡ib, †h e¨w³i g‡b gvby‡li cªwZ fv‡jvevmv †bB, gvby‡li `ytL-
Kó †`‡L hvi ü`q weMwjZ nq bv, cig mªóvi Avkxe©v` †_‡K †m
ewÂZ †_‡K hvq| A_©vr, gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevmvi ga¨ w`‡qB m…wóKZ©vi
AbyMª‡ni c_ cªk¯Í nq| Ab¨w`‡K, Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq Kwe Ab¨vq-
AZ¨vPvi I wbcxo‡bi weiæ‡× †jLbx aviY K‡i‡Qb| wbcxwoZ
gvby‡li `ytL-`y`©kv `~i Kivi j‡¶¨B Kwei GB we‡`ªvn| Gi g~‡j
i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i cªwZ Kwei AK…wË fv‡jvevmv| Av‡jvP¨ DÏxc‡KI
gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevmvi Ici ¸iæZ¡v‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| †m we‡ePbvq
DÏxcKwU‡Z Av‡jvP¨ KwiZi Kwei gvbe‡cª‡gi ewntcªKvk N‡U‡Q|
N. DÏxcKwU‡Z D‡V Avmv gvbe‡cª‡gi †PZbv Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq
wbcxwoZ gvby‡li cªwZ Kwei fv‡jvevmvi ga¨ w`‡q cªwZdwjZ
n‡q‡Q|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi g~jmyi we‡`ªvnx †PZbv n‡jI †mB we‡`ªv‡ni exR
jy°vwqZ Av‡Q †cª‡g| †Kbbv, gvby‡li cªwZ fv‡jvevmv b _vK‡j
†KD A‡b¨i `ytL-‡e`bv wb‡Ri gv‡S Abyfe Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| KweI
Zvi e¨wZµg bb| wZwb me©Mªvmx we‡`ªvnx iƒc aviY K‡i‡Qb g~jZ
†cª‡gi Øviv AbycªvwYZ n‡q| gvby‡li cªwZ Zvui AK…wÎg fv‡jvevmvB
Zvu‡K †`ªv‡ni c‡_ PvwjZ K‡i‡Q|
DÏxc‡K gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z AbycªvwYZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| DÏxcKwUi
e³v g‡b K‡ib, mªóvi AbyMªn jv‡fi Rb¨ me©v‡Mª gvbyl‡K
fv‡jvevm‡Z n‡e| Ab¨_v †mB e¨w³ gmwR`-gw›`‡i wM‡q hZB
KvbœvKvwU KiæK Zv MªnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| ZvQvov †h e¨w³i g‡b AvZ©-
cxwoZ gvby‡li cªwZ KiæYv ˆZwi nq bv, gvby‡li AmnvqZ¡ †`‡L hvi
gb Kvu‡` bv gvbweKZvweewR©Z †mB e¨w³ gvby‡li fv‡jvevmv †_‡K
ewÂZ n‡e| Gfv‡e Av‡jvP¨ DÏxcKwU‡Z g~jZ gvbe‡cª‡gi
†PZbvB dy‡U D‡V‡Q|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq †`ªv‡ni AšÍiv‡j wbcxwoZ gvby‡li cªwZ Kwei
Mfxi fv‡jvevmvi ewntcªKvk N‡U‡Q| e¯ÍyZ, mvgvwRK APjvqZb I
†f`-‰elg¨ `~i K‡i kvwšÍ cªwZôvi D‡Ï‡k¨B civaxbZvi k…•Lj‡K
fvO‡Z †P‡q‡Qb wZwb| wbcxwoZ gvby‡li AwaKvi cªwZôvi j‡¶¨B
Zvui GB wbišÍi msMÖvg| Kweü`‡qi cªMvp gvbweK‡evaB Gi KviY|
GKBfv‡e, Av‡jvP¨ DÏxcKwU‡ZI gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevmvi gva¨‡g
cig mªóvi AbyMªn jv‡fi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| Gi ga¨ w`‡q †mLv‡b
gvbe‡cª‡gi RqMvbB aŸwbZ n‡q‡Q, hv Av‡jvP¨ KweZviI Ab¨Zg
welq| †m we‡ePbvq DÏxc‡Ki cªwZdwjZ gvbe‡cª‡gi †PZbv
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq wbcxwoZ gvby‡li cªwZ Kwei fv‡jvevmvi ga¨ w`‡q
cªwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q|
8. Kvievjv gq`v‡b Bgvg †nv‡mb Zvui evnvËiRb m½xmn b…ksm
nZ¨vKv‡Ði wkKvi n‡q‡Qb| kZ Aby‡iva I fh-fxwZ D‡c¶v K‡i
wZwb mZ¨ I my›`‡ii cªwZôvq msMªvg K‡i‡Qb| g…Zy¨‡K eiY K‡i
wb‡q‡Qb, wKš‘ Ab¨v‡qi Kv‡Q gv_v bZ K‡ibwb| mK‡jB hLb
A_©‡jv‡f, ivR¨‡jv‡f ev g…Zy¨f‡q BqvwR‡`i ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi K‡i
wb‡q‡Q, ZLb wZwb GKvB BqvwRw` kvm‡bi wfZ Kvuwc‡q
w`‡qwQ‡jb|
K. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg †Kv_v †_‡K wbgœ cªvBgvwi cvm K‡ib?
L. Kwe wb‡R‡K 'gnv-cªj‡qi bUivR' e‡j‡Qb †Kb?
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi mv`…k¨ †Kvb w`K †_‡K?
e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
N. ÒwPi-DbœZ gg wki' - Dw™¢wU‡Z cªKvwkZ Av`k©‡evaB
DÏxc‡Ki Bgvg †nv‡m‡bi gv‡S cªwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q- gšÍe¨wU
we‡kølY K‡iv|
 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Mªv‡gi g³e †_‡K wbgœ cªvBgvwi cvk K‡ib|
L. bUivR wk‡ei g‡Zv aŸsmjxjv Pvwj‡q Ackw³ bvk K‡i c…w_ex‡Z
kvwšÍ cªwZôvi j‡¶¨B Kwi wb‡R‡K gnv-cªj‡qi bUivR e‡j‡Qb|
fviZxq cyivY g‡Z, b…Z¨Kjvi D™¢veK wn‡m‡e gnv‡`e wk‡ei Avi
GK bvg bUivR| Zvui aŸs‡mi mgqKvi b…Z¨‡K ZvÐe b…Z¨ ejv nq|
MRvmyi I Kvjvmyi‡K wbab K‡i wZwb ZvÐe b…Z¨ K‡iwQ‡jb| KweI
cyiv‡Yi †m HwZn¨ ¯§iY K‡i mgKvjxb †cª¶vc‡U AZ¨vPvix weªwUk
kvmK‡Mvôxmn mKj cªKvi Ackw³‡K aŸsm Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| ZviB
ewntcªKvk wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K wZwb gnv-cªj‡qi bUivR e‡j AwfwnZ
K‡i‡Qb|
M. Ackw³i weiæ‡× Avcmnxb g‡bvfv‡ei w`K †_‡K DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvwU mv`…k¨c~Y©|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq Kwe Ab¨vq I Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡× we‡`ªvnx g‡bvfve
e¨³ K‡i‡Qb| †mmgq civaxb fviZe‡l© Jcwb‡ewkK kvm‡bi
RvuZvK‡j cªwZwbqZ wb‡®úwlZ nw”Qj gvbyl| wbcxWw়Z gvby‡li
†mB AvZ©bv` e¨w_Z K‡i KwewPZª¨‡K| msMZ Kvi‡YB mgvRm‡PZb
Kwe Zv‡`i AZ¨vPv‡ii weiæ‡× mM‡e© D”PviY K‡ib †`ªv‡ni
cOw³gvjv| Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvwU ZviB dj|
DÏxc‡K mZ¨ I my›`‡ii cªwZôvq Bgvg †nv‡m‡bi msMªv‡gi K_v
ejv n‡q‡Q| m½x-mvw_‡`i wb‡q Kvievjv gq`v‡b GK Ab¨vq hy‡×
kvnv`vZ eiY K‡i‡Qb wZwb| ZeyI ivRkw³ wn‡m‡e cªwZwôZ
BqvwR` evwnbxi Ab¨vq‡K KL‡bv †g‡b †bbwb, ek¨Zv ¯^xKvi
K‡ibwb Zvi Kv‡Q| Av‡jvP¨ Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvqI Ab¨v‡qi weiæ‡×
cªvq GKBiƒc `…pZv j¶ Kiv hvq| †mLv‡b Ackw³i webvk Kvgbvq
Kwe weaŸsmx bvbv †cŠivwYK Pwi·K Aej¤^b K‡i‡Qb| KweZvwU‡Z
wZwb Ab¨v‡qi Aemvb bv nIqv ch©šÍ Zvui GB msMªvg Ae¨vnZ ivLvi
†NvlYv kZ cªwZeÜKZv m‡Ë¡I gvbegyw³i GB msMªvg Pvwj‡q hv‡eb
wZwb| A_©vr, Av‡jvP¨ KweZv Ges DÏxc‡K weiæ× kw³i Kv‡Q
 gv_v bZ bv Kivi `…pZv j¶ Kiv hvq| Gw`K †_‡K DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_
Av‡jvP¨ KweZvwU mv`…k¨c~Y©|
N. cª‡kœvË Dw™¢wU‡Z dy‡U IVv Av`k©‡eva Z_v Ackw³i Kv‡Q gv_v bZ
bv Kivi `…pZv DÏxc‡Ki Bgvg †nv‡m‡bi Pwi‡Î we‡klfv‡e j¶
Kiv hvq|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq dy‡U IVv †`ªvn wbQK gvbeg‡bi †¶vf ev `yt‡Li
ewntcªKvk bq, eis GK Av`k©‡ev‡ai bvgvšÍi| G KweZvi Q‡Î
`k©‡evaB cªwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b KL‡bv Kwe aŸs‡mi cªZxK,
KL‡bv wZwb †cª‡gi cªZxK, KL‡bv ev gvbeZvev‡`i cªZxK n‡q
Ab¨vq, AZ¨vPvi I AwePv‡ii weiæ‡× †`ªvn K‡i‡Qb wZwb| G‡¶‡Î
Kwei Avcmnxb g‡bvfv‡ei cwiPq †g‡j|
DÏxc‡Ki Bgvg †nv‡mb BqvwRw` ivRkw³i Ab¨vq, AwePvi I
AbvPv‡ii weiæ‡× iæ‡L `vuwo‡q‡Qb| †hLv‡b ivRkw³i Aaxb¯’
ivóªxq evwnbx wQj mywekvj, †mLv‡b gvÎ evnvËi Rb m½x wb‡q
Zv‡`i weiæ‡× wZwb Amg hy‡× AeZxY© n‡q‡Qb| G‡¶‡Î nvi wRZ
Zvui Kv‡Q gyL¨ wQj bv; Av`k© cªwZôvB wQj g~j j¶¨| GKBfv‡e,
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi KweI mvg¨ cªwZôvi j‡¶¨ weªwUk kvmK‡Mvôx Ges
Zv‡`i G‡`kxq †`vmi‡`i weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn †NvlYv K‡ib|
AZ¨vPvwiZ I wbcxwoZ gvby‡li c‡¶ cªwZev`x KÉ wn‡m‡e wb‡R‡K
Zy‡j a‡ib|
'we‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq Ges DÏxc‡K hyMcrfv‡e Ackw³i weiæ‡×
me©kw³ w`‡q jovB Kivi K_v ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| gjZ GKwU
Av`k©‡eva‡K †K›`ª K‡iB PvwjZ n‡q‡Q; Avi Zv n‡jv- mvg¨‡PZbv
I b¨vq| G Av`k©‡K aviY K‡iB Bgvg †nv‡mb Ges Av‡jvP¨
KweZvi Kwe we‡`ªvn K‡i‡Qb| civR‡qi m¤¢vebv †R‡bI gvbgh©v`v
cªwZôvi wcQcv nbwb| A_©vr, kZ cªwZeÜKZv m‡Ë¡I Ab¨v‡qi
weiæ‡× msMªv‡g Zvuiv wQ‡jb Avcmnxb| Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi Dw™¢wU‡Z
G fvev`k©B cªwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| †m we‡ePbvq cª‡kœv³ gšÍe¨wU
h_v_©|
9. Avivd †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB GK‡ivLv| †m hv fv‡e, ZvB K‡i| gv-
evevi kvmb-eviY gv‡b bv| †jLvcovq g‡bv‡hvM †bB; wKš‘ cvov-
cªwZ‡ekxi †h‡Kv‡bv mgm¨vq †m mevi Av‡M GwM‡q Av‡m| †mevi
cv‡ki evwo‡Z Av¸b jvM‡j wK‡kvi eqwm Aviv‡di cª‡Póvq Av¸b
jvMv N‡i AvU‡K cov wZb eQi eqwm wkï Awg‡Zi Rxeb i¶v
cvq| Avivd †Kv‡bvwKQy‡KB c‡ivqv K‡i bv|
K. Wgiæ Kx?
L. Òwki †bnvwi' Avgvwi, bZwki IB wkLi wngvw`ªi" e¨vL¨v
K‡iv|
M. DÏxc‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q?
e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
N. ÔAvivd †hb Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi Kwei gvbmcyÎÕ- Dw³wUi
h_v_©Zv wePvi K‡iv|
 9 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. ÔWgiæÕ n‡”Q WyMWywM RvZxq GKcªKvi ev`¨hš¿|
L. Òwki †bnvwi' Avgvwi, bZwki IB wkLi wngvw`ªiÕÕ - K_vwUi ga¨
w`‡q AvZ¥RvMi‡Y Db¥yL Kwei m`¤¢ AvZ¥cªKvk †NvwlZ n‡q‡Q|
Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi Kwe exi a‡g©i Abymvix| AvZ¥cªZ¨qx ex‡ii wPÎ
me©`vB mgybœZ| msMZ Kvi‡YB Kwei GB exi mË¡v †Kv‡bvwKQy‡K
c‡ivqv K‡i bvt aŸs‡mi `vgvgv evwR‡q GwM‡q hvq bZyb m…wói
j‡¶¨| Kwe g‡b K‡ib, AvZ¥‡MŠi‡e ejxqvb Zvui †mB mm¤¢
we‡ivwPZ iƒc Ae‡jvKb K‡i wngvw`ª Z_v wngvjqI †hb gv_v bZ
K‡i| cª‡kœvË PiYwUi ga¨ w`‡q G welqwUB dy‡U D‡V‡Q|
M. DÏxc‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq cªKvwkZ Kwei `…p‡PZv g‡bvfve Ges
gvbe‡cª‡gi w`KwU cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq bvbvfv‡e we‡`ªvn I we‡`ªvnxi Av`‡k©i K_v ewY©Z
n‡q‡Q| ¯^xq Av`k© I †PZbv‡ev‡a AwePj _vKvi †cªiYv G KweZv
†_‡K cvIqv hvq| Kwe wecøe-cªwZev` Ki‡Z Ki‡Z KL‡bv `ye©vi
n‡q mewKQy †f‡O Pyigvi K‡i †dj‡Z Pvb, Avevi KL‡bv weaŸsmx
iƒc aviY K‡i wek¦‡K aŸsmhÁ evbv‡Z Pvb; wKš‘ wZwb Av`‡k© I
†PZbvq AwePj| wZwb hv wKQy K‡ib, Zv g~jZ mgv‡Ri gv‡ji K_v
†f‡eB K‡ib|
DÏxc‡Ki Avivd †Qv‡Uv‡ejv †_‡KB GK‡ivLv| gv-evevi kvmb-
eviY †m gv‡b bv| wVKg‡Zv †jLvcov bv Kivq wb‡Ri fwel¨r Rxeb
ûgwKi gy‡L †d‡j †`q †m| Zv m‡Ë¡I gvby‡li wec‡`-Avc‡` wb‡Ri
Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡qI GwM‡q hvq †m| G‡¶‡Î Av¸‡bi me©Mªvmx
weaŸsmx iƒcI Zv‡K AvUKv‡Z cv‡i bv| GKBfv‡e, Av‡jvP¨
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi KweI mvgvwRK APjvqZ‡bi weiæ‡× DÏxc‡Ki
Aviv‡di g‡ZvB `ye©vi| weivRgvb Amvg¨ I Awbq‡gi †eovRvj‡K
P~Y©-weP~Y© K‡i GwM‡q †h‡Z Pvb wZwb| Z‡e wZwb G mewKQyB K‡ib
GKwU Av`k© I †PZbv‡eva †_‡K; Avi Zv n‡jv gvbeZv‡eva| A_©vr
DÏxc‡Ki Avivd Ges Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi Kwe Df‡qB `…o‡PZv
g‡bvfv‡ei AwaKvix Ges gvbe‡cª‡g DØy×| Gw`K we‡ePbvq
DÏxcKwU‡Z Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq cªKvwkZ Kwei gvbe‡cªg I `…p‡PZv
g‡bvfv‡ei cªwZdjb N‡U‡Q|
N. Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡q gvbeKj¨v‡Y Svuwc‡q covi w`K †_‡K DÏxc‡Ki
Avivd‡K Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi Kwei gvbmcyÎ ejv hvq|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq Kwe wbišÍi we‡`ªv‡ni evYx D”PviY K‡i‡Qb| wZwb
cªPwjZ wbqgKvby‡bi †eovRvj †f‡O †djvi j‡¶¨ we‡`ªvn †NvlYv
K‡i‡Qb| G‡¶‡Î wZwb AZ¨šÍ `…p‡PZv g‡bvfve iv‡Lb| aŸs‡mi
ga¨ w`‡q bZyb w`‡bi m~PbvB Kwei g~j j¶¨| Gm‡ei †cQ‡b
Kweg‡b GKwU welqB wµqvkxj, Avi Zv n‡jv †`k I `‡ki
Kj¨vY|
DÏxc‡Ki Avivd GK‡ivLv ¯^fv‡ei| †m gv-evevi kvmb-eviY gv‡b
bv| wVKg‡Zv †jLvcovI K‡i bv; A_©vr †m wb‡Ri e¨w³MZ DbœwZ
I mdjZvi wel‡q A‡bKUvB D`vmxb| A_P †m-B Avevi mevi
wec‡`-Avc‡` GwM‡q Av‡m, Z_v gvbeKj¨v‡Yi cª‡kœ AMªYx f~wgKv
cvjb K‡i| GgbwK Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡q n‡jI A‡b¨i Rxeb evuPv‡Z
†m eÜcwiKi| G wel‡q Avivd †hb Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi Kwe
gvb‡miB Abymvix|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq dy‡U IVv †`ªv‡ni AšÍiv‡j Kwe gvbeZv‡ev‡ai
cªKvk NwU‡q‡Qb| G KweZvq wZwb mKj AmsMwZ I †f`-‰elg¨
`~i K‡i kvwšÍ cªwZôv Ki‡Z civaxbZvi k…•Lj‡K aŸsm Kivi B”Qv
cªKvk K‡i‡Qb| AvZ©-wbcxvoZ gvby‡li AwaKvi cªwZôvi j‡¶¨B
Zvui GB wbišÍi msMªvg| DÏxc‡Ki Aviv‡di gv‡SI Av‡jvP¨
 KweZvi Kwei GB gvbeZv‡ev‡ai Av`k©B cªwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q| A_©vr
G KweZvq Kwe †hgb gvbe‡cª‡g D¾xweZ n‡q Amvg¨ `~i Ki‡Z
cªqvmx n‡q‡Qb, †Zgwb DÏxc‡Ki AvivdI Rxe‡bi SyuwK wb‡q‡Q
Kwei g‡Zv gvbyl‡K fv‡jvev‡m e‡jB| msMZ Kvi‡YB Zv‡K Kwei
†hvM¨ DËim~wiI ejv P‡j| †m we‡ePbvq cª‡kœvË gšÍe¨wU h_vh_|
N.
10. (i) Ò`yB nvZ KvUv Zey †ki-bi AveŸvm,
cvwb Av‡b gy‡L, nvu‡K `ykgbI mveŸvm!"
(ii) Òw`ªg w`ªg& ev‡R Nb `y›`ywf `vgvgv,
nvu‡K exi Òwki †`Mv, †bwn †`Mv Avgvgv|"
K. Kwe‡K iæ‡l DV‡Z †`‡L Kx f‡q Kvuc‡Z Kvuc‡Z wb‡f hvq?
L. Kwe wb‡R‡K c…w_exi Awfkvc e‡j‡Qb †Kb?
M. DÏxcK (i)-G Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU dy‡U D‡V‡Q?
e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
N. ÒDÏxcK (ii)-Gi KweZvskwU Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi Kwei
Avcmnxb g‡bvfv‡ei mgv_©KÕ we‡kølY K‡iv|
 10 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi 
K. Kwe‡K iæ‡l DV‡Z †`‡L mß biK nvweqv †`vRL f‡q Kvuc‡Z
Kvuc‡Z wb‡f hvq|
L. mgv‡R weivRgvb Ab¨vq I Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡× Zvui weaŸsmx iƒc
†evSv‡ZB Kwe wb‡R‡K c…w_exi Awfkvc e‡j D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb|
civaxb fviZe‡l© weªwUk ivRkw³ ZLb RMÏj cv_‡ii g‡Zv
G‡`kevmxi Ici †P‡c e‡m‡Q| AZ¨vPvix GB kvmK‡Mvôxi
Ackvm‡b mgMª †`kB †hb bi‡K iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q| G‡`i aŸsm
Ki‡Z n‡j GK fqvbK iæ‡`ªi cª‡qvRb, †h G‡`i mvRv‡bv evMvb‡K
ZQbQ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| Kwe wb‡RB †mB iæ`ªiƒc aviY K‡i
AZ¨vPvixi Rb¨ gnvcªjq Avb‡Z †P‡q‡Qb| wZwb †hb mv¶vr
Awfkvc, whwb AZ¨vPvix I †kvl‡Ki mvgªvR¨‡K aŸsm¯Í~‡c cwiYZ
Ki‡eb| Ggb g‡bvfve †_‡KB wb‡R‡K wZwb c…w_exi Awfkvc
e‡j‡Qb|
M. DÏxcK (i)-G Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvi dy‡U IVv w`KwU n‡jv j¶¨ AwR©Z
bv nIqv ch©šÍ cªvYcY cª‡Póv Ae¨vnZ ivLv|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq Kwe bvbv Dcgvq I cªKi‡Y Zvui we‡`ªvnx †PZbv‡K
g~Z© K‡i Zy‡j‡Qb| mvgvwRK bvbv AmsMwZ I AZ¨vPvi wbh©vZ‡bi
wPÎ Kwe‡K `ye©vi we‡`ªvnx K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ wecøe-cªwZev` eiveiB cªej
evavi m¤§yLxb nq, Z‡e Zv‡Z wecøex †_‡g hvq bv| Zv‡K
AeavwiZfv‡eB jÿ¨ cv‡b GwM‡q †h‡Z nq| Avi ZvB Kwe we‡`ªvn
Ki‡Z Ki‡Z K¬všÍ n‡q co‡jI Ab¨vq-AZ¨vPv‡ii Aemvb bv nIqv
ch©šÍ msMªvg Pvwj‡q †h‡Z e×cwiKi|
DÏxcK (i)-G AveŸvm bv‡gi GK exicyiæ‡li A`g¨ g‡bvfv‡ei
ewntcªKvk N‡U‡Q| wb‡Ri `yB evû nviv‡bv m‡Ë¡I `‡g hvqwb †m|
mKj evav AwZµg K‡i nvZ wenxb kixi wb‡qB cvwb Avb‡Z GwM‡q
hvq †m| Zvi Ggb `…pZv †`‡L `ykgbivI evnev bv w`‡q _vK‡Z
cv‡i bv| GKBfv‡e, Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvqI Kwei A`g¨ g‡bvfv‡ei
cwiPq †g‡j| Kwei eY©bvg‡Z, we‡`ªvn Ki‡Z Ki‡Z wZwb K¬všÍ n‡q
†M‡jI kvšÍ n‡Z ivwR bb| AZ¨vPvi I Amvg¨ †NvPv‡bvi gva¨‡g
gvbegyw³i c_ cªk¯Í KivB Zvui †`ªv‡ni j¶¨| G j¶¨ c~iY bv nIqv
ch©šÍ Aweivg jovB Pvwj‡q †h‡Z Pvb wZwb| Zvui Ggb A`g¨
g‡bvfv‡ei w`KwU DÏxcK (i)-Gi AveŸvm Pwi‡ÎI cwijw¶Z nq|
†m we‡ePbvq j¶¨ AR©‡bi †¶‡Î Av‡jvP¨ KweZvi Kwei `…p‡PZv
g‡bvfve Ges cªvYcY cª‡Póvi w`KwUB DÏxc‡K dy‡U D‡V‡Q|
me©ve¯’vq ¯^xq Av`k© I †PZbv‡ev‡a w¯’i _vKv Ges Ab¨vq kw³i
Kv‡Q gv_v bZ bv Kivi w`K †_‡K cª‡kœvË Dw³wU‡K h_v_© e‡j g‡b
Kiv hvq|
Ôwe‡`ªvnx' KweZvq Kwe we‡`ªvn‡K GKwU Av`k© I †PZbv wn‡m‡e
cªwZwôZ K‡i‡Qb| Kwe g‡b K‡ib, we‡`ªvnx n‡Z n‡j e¨w³‡K
BwZevPK Av`k©‡ev‡a DØy× n‡Z n‡e Ges Ackw³i Kv‡Q gv_v bZ
bv Kivi g‡Zv PvwiwÎK `…pZv _vK‡Z n‡e| Zvui wek¦vm, we‡`ªvnxi
Av`k© I `…pZvi Kv‡Q wngvjq P~ovi g‡Zv c…w_exi m‡e©v”P k…½‡KI
Zy”Q e‡j g‡b n‡e|
DÏxcK (ii)-Gi KweZvs‡k †`Lv hvq, kÎy‰m‡b¨i m‡½ exi‡hv×vi
jovB Pj‡Q| Pviw`‡K hy‡×i `vgvgv evR‡Q| kÎy‰m‡b¨i cªej
AvNv‡Z ex‡ii g¯ÍK ao †_‡K Avjv`v n‡jI Av`‡k©i cª‡kœ †m
†Kv‡bvg‡ZB gv_v bZ Ki‡e bv, A_©vr g…Zy¨I Zv‡K Av`k©Py¨Z
Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvqI cªvq GKBiƒc `…p g‡bvfv‡ei
cwiPq †g‡j| ZvB Kwe wbišÍi we‡`ªvn K‡i hvb wbcxoK Ackw³i
weiæ‡×| A_©vr exiag© ev Av`k©‡ev‡ai †¶‡Î wZwb Avcmnxb|
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZvq Kwei we‡`ªvnx mËvi ¯^iƒc cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| ˆelg¨
I k…•L‡ji weiæ‡× we‡`ªvnx GB KwemËv `y`©gbxq I weaŸsmx| G g~j
†cªiYv Kwei gvbeZv‡eva| gvbe‡cª‡gi Av`‡k© DØy× n‡qB wZwb
we‡`ªvn K‡i‡Qb AbvPvi I Amv‡g¨i weiæ‡×| G‡¶‡Î wZwb
Avcmnxb g‡bvfve †cvlY K‡ib| GKBfv‡e, DÏxcK (ii)-Gi
KweZvs‡k DwjøwLZ exi cª‡qvR‡b Rxeb w`‡ZI cª¯ÍyZ, wKš‘
AvZ¥m¤§vb‡eva‡K wemR©b w`‡Z †gv‡UI ivwR bq †m| A_©vr
Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ KweZv Ges DÏxcK (ii)-Gi KweZvs‡ki KweØq
Av`k©‡eva I gh©v`vi cª‡kœ Avcmnxb| Zviv †Kv‡bvg‡ZB Ackw³i
Kv‡Q gv_v bZ Ki‡e bv| Gw`K we‡ePbvq cª‡kœv³ gšÍe¨wU h_vh_|