‫م‬

‫ﻼ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻹ‬
‫ا‬‫م‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻜ‬‫ﺣ‬
‫أ‬‫ﻢ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻌ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻴﻂو‬
‫ﺒﺴ‬
‫ﺗ‬
‫ر‬
‫ﻟﻤﺼﻮ‬
‫ا‬‫ات‬
‫ﺎد‬‫ﺒ‬
‫ﻟﻌ‬‫ا‬
‫ﻘﻪ‬‫ﻓ‬
‫ﺞ‬
‫ﺤ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ة‬
‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻛ‬‫ﺰ‬‫ﻟ‬
‫ا‬ ‫م‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻴ‬
‫ﻟﺼ‬
‫ا‬ ‫ﻼ‬
‫ة‬ ‫ا‬
‫ﻟﺼ‬ ‫ة‬
‫ر‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻬ‬‫ﻄ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬

‫م‬
‫ﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬
‫ﻫ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﺑ‬‫ﻢ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﺎ‬
‫ﻦﺳ‬‫ﺑ‬
‫ﻪ‬‫ﻠ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬
‫ﺪ‬‫ﺒ‬
‫‪.‬ﻋ‬
‫د‬

‫أﺣﻛﺎم اﻟﻧﺟﺎﺳﺎت‬
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‫ﻛﺘـــــــــــﺎب اﻟﻄﻬﺎرة‬

‫‪٢‬‬
‫أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬
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‫اﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻳـــــــﺎت‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬ ‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬

‫‪ .١‬ﺑﻮل ا‪J‬دﻣﻲ وﻋﺬرﺗﻪ‬ ‫‪ .١‬ﺑﻮل ا‪J‬دﻣﻲ وﻋﺬرﺗﻪ‬

‫ﳊﺪﻳـﺚ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﰊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴـﺠﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﻟـﻪ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﷺ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ .٢‬دم اﻟﺤﻴﺾ‬

‫ﴚ ﹴﺀ ﹺﻣ ﹾﻦ ﹶﻫ ﹶﺬﺍ ﺍ ﹾﻟ ﹶﺒ ﹾﻮ ﹺﻝ ﹶﻭ ﹶﻻ ﺍ ﹾﻟ ﹶﻘ ﹶﺬ ﹺﺭ‪ ،‬ﺇﹺﻧ ﹶﱠﲈ‬ ‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ ﹺ ﹺ‬

‫»ﺇ ﱠﻥ ﹶﻫﺬﻩ ﺍ ﹾﹶﳌ ﹶﺴﺎﺟﺪﹶ ﹶﻻ ﺗ ﹾﹶﺼ ﹸﻠ ﹸﺢ ﻟ ﹶ ﹾ‬ ‫‪ .٣‬ﺑﻮل وروث ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺄﻛﻮل اﻟﻠﺤﻢ‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ ﹺ ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ ﹺﹺ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼ ﹶﻼﺓ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭﻗ ﹶﺮﺍ ﹶﺀﺓ ﺍ ﹾﻟ ﹸﻘ ﹾﺮﺁﻥ« )ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫ ﹶﻲ ﻟﺬﻛ ﹺﹾﺮ ﺍﷲ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭ ﱠ‬ ‫‪ .٤‬اﻟﻤﻴﺘﺔ‬
‫‪ .٢‬دم اﻟﺤﻴﺾ‬ ‫‪ .٥‬ﻟﺤﻢ اﻟﺨﻨﺰﻳﺮ‬

‫ﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﹶﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﱠﺒﹺ ﱠﻲ ﷺ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺎ ﹶﻟ ﹾﺖ‪ » :‬ﹶﻳﺎ ﹶﺭ ﹸﺳ ﹶ‬‫ﺎﺭ ﹶﺃﺗ ﹺ‬ ‫ﳌﺎ ﺛﺒﺖ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﹶﺧ ﹾﻮ ﹶﻟ ﹶﺔ ﺑﹺﻨ ﹶﹾﺖ ﹶﻳ ﹶﺴ ﹴ‬ ‫‪ .٦‬ﻟﻌﺎب اﻟﻜﻠﺐ‬

‫ﻴـﺾ ﻓﹺ ﹺﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓ ﹶﻘ ﹶﺎﻝ ﷺ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺈﹺ ﹶﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺪﹲ ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭ ﹶﺃﻧﹶﺎ ﹶﺃ ﹺﺣ ﹸ‬

‫ﺍﷲﹺ‪ ،‬ﹶﻟﻴـﺲ ﹺﱄ ﺇﹺ ﱠﻻ ﹶﺛـﻮﺏ ﻭ ﹺ‬
‫ﹾ ﹲ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹾ ﹶ‬ ‫‪ .٧‬اﻟﻤﺬي‬
‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺻ ﱢﲇ ﻓﻴﻪ« )ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﹶﻃ ﹸﻬ ﹾﺮﺕ ﹶﻓﺎ ﹾﻏﺴﲇ ﹶﻣ ﹾﻮﺿ ﹶﻊ ﺍﻟﺪﱠ ﹺﻡ‪ ،‬ﹸﺛ ﱠﻢ ﹶ‬ ‫‪ .٨‬اﻟﻮدي‬
‫ﻣﺴـﻔﻮﺣﺎ)‪،(١‬‬
‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ ﻋﺪﺍ ﺩﻡ ﺍﳊﻴﺾ ﻓﻬﻮ ﻃﺎﻫﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳـﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﻛﺎﻥ ﺩ ﹰﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻃﺮق ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬
‫‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻏـﲑ ﻣﺴـﻔﻮﺡ؛ ﳌﺎ ﺛﺒـﺖ »ﺃﻥ ﺃﺣﺪ ﺍﳌﴩﻛـﲔ ﺭﻣﻰ ﺭﺟﻼ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴـﻠﻤﲔ ﺑﺴـﻬﻢ ﻭﻫﻮ ﻗﺎﺋـﻢ ﻳﺼـﲇ ﻓﺄﺻﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺰﻋﻪ ﻭﺍﺳـﺘﻤﺮ ﰲ‬
‫ﺻﻼﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﻳﺴﻴﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ« )ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﺑﻮل وروث اﻟﺤﻴﻮان ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺄﻛﻮل‬
‫اﻟﻠﺤﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ ﻟﻐﺔً ‪:‬‬
‫ﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﺑﻦ ﻣﺴـﻌﻮﺩ ‪ ‬ﻗﺎﻝ‪» :‬ﺃﺗﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﱠﺒﹺ ﱡﻲ ﷺ ﺍ ﹾﻟ ﹶﻐ ﹺﺎﺋ ﹶﻂ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﺄ ﹶﻣ ﹶﺮ ﹺﲏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺬﺍﺭﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ـﺖ ﺍﻟ ﱠﺜﺎﻟﹺ ﹶﺚ‬ ‫ـﺎﺭ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻮ ﹶﺟﺪﹾ ﹸﺕ ﹶﺣ ﹶﺠ ﹶﺮ ﹾﻳ ﹺﻦ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭﺍ ﹾﻟﺘ ﹶﹶﻤ ﹾﺴ ﹸ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﺁﺗﹺ ﹶﻴـ ﹸﻪ ﺑﹺ ﹶﺜ ﹶﻼ ﹶﺛ ﹺﺔ ﹶﺃ ﹾﺣ ﹶﺠ ﹴ‬
‫ﺍﳊ ﹶﺠ ﹶﺮ ﹾﻳ ﹺﻦ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻟ ﹶﻘﻰ‬ ‫ـﺬ ﹾ ﹶ‬ ‫ـﻢ ﹶﺃ ﹺﺟﺪﹾ ﹸﻩ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﺄ ﹶﺧ ﹾ‬
‫ـﺬ ﹸﺕ ﹶﺭ ﹾﻭ ﹶﺛ ﹰﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﺄ ﹶﺗ ﹾﻴ ﹸﺘ ﹸﻪ ﹺ ﹶﲠﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﺄ ﹶﺧ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶﻓ ﹶﻠ ﹾ‬
‫ﹾﺲ)‪) « (٢‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮ ﹾﻭ ﹶﺛ ﹶﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭ ﹶﻗ ﹶﺎﻝ‪ :‬ﹶﻫ ﹶﺬﺍ ﹺﺭﻛ ﹲ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻋﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ ً‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺬﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻉ ﺑﺈﺯﺍﻟﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻟﺪﻡ ﺍﳌﺴﻔﻮﺡ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﳜﺮﺝ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ ﻭﻳﺴﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٢‬ﺭﻛﺲ‪ :‬ﺭﺟﺲ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات اﻟﻤﺼﻮر‬ ‫‪١٦‬‬

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‫أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬

‫ﻣﺎ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺑﻮل وروث ﻣﺎ‬

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‫ﻳﺆﻛﻞ ﻟﺤﻤﻪ؟‬
‫اﻟﻤﻴﺘﺔ‬
‫ﺑـﻮﻝ ﺍﳊﻴـﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺄﻛـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻠﺤـﻢ ﻭﺭﻭﺛـﻪ ﻃﺎﻫـﺮ؛ ﳌـﺎ‬
‫ﺛﺒـﺖ ﻋﻦ ﺃﻧـﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ‪ ‬ﺃﻥ ﻧﺎﺳـﺎ ﻗﺪﻣـﻮﺍ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺟﺘ ﹶﹶﻮ ﹾﻭﻫـﺎ ‪-‬ﺃﻱ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺿﻮﺍ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ -‬ﻓﺒﻌﺜﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﷺ ﺇﱃ‬ ‫ﹾ‬
‫ﺇﺑﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﻟﻴﴩﺑﻮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺑﻮﺍﳍﺎ ﻭﺃﻟﺒﺎﳖﺎ )ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ(‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺴﻤﻚ‬
‫‪ .٤‬اﻟﻤﻴﺘﺔ‬
‫ﻭﻫـﻲ ﻣﺎ ﻣـﺎﺕ ﺣﺘﻒ ﺃﻧﻔﻪ ﻣـﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺫﻛﺎﺓ ﴍﻋﻴـﺔ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫ُ َّ ٓ َ ُ َ ٓ ُ َ َ َّ ُ َ‬
‫م َّر ًما َ َ ٰ َ‬
‫ِــم َي ۡط َع ُم ُه ٓۥ‬
‫ٖ‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ا‬‫ط‬ ‫جــد ِف مــا أ ِ‬
‫وح إ ِ‬ ‫) ق َــل أ ِ‬
‫َ َُّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫َّ ٓ َ ُ َ‬
‫ــون َم ۡي َتة أ ۡو َد ٗما َّم ۡســف ً‬
‫ير فإِنهۥ‬ ‫ِن‬ ‫خ‬ ‫ل َ‬
‫ــم‬ ‫وحا أ ۡو ۡ‬ ‫إ ِ أن يك‬
‫ٖ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫رِ ۡج ٌس ( ]ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ‪.[١٤٥ :‬‬
‫اﳉﺮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻭﻳﺪﺧﻞ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻴﺘﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻗﻄﻊ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻬﻴﻤﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﺣﻴﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺫﺑﺤﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺜﻨﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺫﻟﻚ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .١‬ﻣﻴﺘﺔ اﻟﺴﻤﻚ واﻟﺠﺮاد‪:‬‬
‫ﹺ‬
‫ـﻤ ﹸﻚ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮﻟـﻪ ﷺ‪ » :‬ﹸﺃﺣ ﱠﻠ ﹾﺖ ﻟﻨﺎ ﹶﻣ ﹾﻴ ﹶﺘﺘﹶﺎﻥ ﹶﻭ ﹶﺩ ﹶﻣﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺃ ﱠﻣﺎ ﺍ ﹶﳌ ﹾﻴ ﹶﺘﺘﹶﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﹶﻓ ﱠ‬
‫ﺎﻟﺴ ﹶ‬
‫ﺎﻥ‪ :‬ﹶﻓﺎﻟﻜﹶﺒﹺﺪﹸ ﻭﺍﻟ ﱡﻄ ﹶﺤ ﹸﺎﻝ« )ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﲪﺪ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﺍﳉﺮﺍﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺪﱠ ﻣ ﹺ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﹾﹶﹶ ﹸ ﱠ‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﻣﻴﺘﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻟﻪ ﺳﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺬﺑﺎب‪:‬‬
‫ﹺ‬
‫ﹶﺎﺀ ﹶﺃﺣ ﹺﺪﻛﹸﻢ ﹶﻓ ﹾﻠﻴ ﹺ‬
‫ﻐﻤ ﹾﺴـ ﹸﻪ ﻛ ﱠﻠ ﹸﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺎﺏ ﰲ ﺇﹺﻧ ﹶ ﹾ ﹶ‬ ‫ـﻊ ﱡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬ ﹶﺑ ﹸ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮﻟـﻪ ﷺ‪» :‬ﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻭ ﹶﻗ ﹶ‬
‫اﻟﺬﺑﺎﺏ‬
‫ـﺮ ﹶﺩﺍ ﹰﺀ«‬ ‫ـﻪ ﹺﺷـ ﹶﻔﺎ ﹰﺀ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭ ﹺﰲ ﹶ‬
‫ﺍﻵﺧ ﹺ‬ ‫ـﺪ ﺟﻨﹶﺎﺣﻴ ﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ـﻢ ﹾﻟ ﹶﻴ ﹾﻄ ﹶﺮ ﹾﺣـ ﹸﻪ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓـﺈﹺ ﱠﻥ ﰲ ﹶﺃ ﹶﺣ ﹶ ﹶ ﹾ‬
‫ﹸﺛ ﱠ‬
‫)ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ(‪.‬‬

‫‪١٧‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات اﻟﻤﺼﻮر‬

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‫ﻛﺘـــــــــــﺎب اﻟﻄﻬﺎرة‬

‫‪ .٥‬ﻟﺤﻢ اﻟﺨﻨﺰﻳﺮ‬
‫ََ‬ ‫ُ َّ ٓ َ ُ َ ٓ ُ َ َ ُ َ‬
‫وح إ ِ َّ م َّر ًما ٰ َطاع ِٖم‬
‫جد ِف ما أ ِ‬ ‫‪ ) :‬قــل أ ِ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮﻟـﻪ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ً‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ٓ‬ ‫َّ‬
‫ير‬ ‫َ ُ َ َ ۡ َ ۡ َ ٗ َّ ۡ ُ ً ۡ ۡ َ‬ ‫َۡ َُُٓ‬
‫ﻃﻬﺎرة اﻟﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫ِن ٖ‬‫يطعمهۥ إ ِ أن يكون ميتة أو دما مســفوحا أو لم خ ِ‬
‫َ َّ‬
‫فإِن ُهۥ رِ ۡج ٌس ( ]ﺍﻷﻧﻌﺎﻡ‪.[١٤٥ :‬‬
‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﻨـﻲ‪ :‬ﻫـﻮ ﻣـﺎﺀ ﺃﺑﻴـﺾ ﻏﻠﻴﻆ ﳜـﺮﺝ ﺑﺸـﻬﻮﺓ ﻭﺗﺪﻓﻖ‪،‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﻌﻘﺒـﻪ ﻓﺘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟـﻪ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﻛﺮﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﻃﻠـﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺨﻞ ﻭﻳﻘﺮﺏ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺭﺍﺋﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺠﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻧﺠﺴﺎ ﻷﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ ﷺ ﺑﻐﺴﻠﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﻃﺎﻫﺮ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎﻥ ﹰ‬
‫ﻭﻳﻜﺘﻔﻰ ﰲ ﺇﺯﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻨﻲ ﺑﻐﺴﻠﻪ ‪-‬ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﻃ ﹰﺒﺎ‪ ،-‬ﻭﻓﺮﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺎﺑﺴـﺎ‪-‬؛ ﳊﺪﻳـﺚ ﻋﺎﺋﺸـﺔ‪-‬ﺭﴈ ﺍﷲ ﻋﻨﻬـﺎ‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬ﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻥ ﹰ‬
‫ـﻲ‪ ،‬ﺛـﻢ ﳜـﺮﺝ‬ ‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﹶﻗﺎ ﹶﻟ ﹾ‬
‫اﳋﲋﻳﺮ‬
‫ـﺖ‪» :‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﺳـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﷺ ﻳﻐﺴـﻞ ﺍﳌﻨ ﱠ‬
‫ﺇﱃ ﺍﻟﺼـﻼﺓ ﰲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺜـﻮﺏ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻧﺎ ﺃ ﹾﻧ ﹸﻈ ﹸﺮ ﺃ ﹶﺛ ﹶﺮ ﺍﻟ ﹶﻐ ﹾﺴ ﹺ‬
‫ـﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ«‬
‫)ﻣﺘﻔـﻖ ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ(‪ .‬ﻭﰲ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﺴـﻠﻢ‪» :‬ﻓﻠﻘـﺪ ﺭﺃﻳﺘﹸﻨـﻲ ﺃ ﹾﻓ ﹸﺮﻛﹸﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪ .٦‬ﻟﻌﺎب اﻟﻜﻠﺐ‬
‫ﺐ ﻓﹺ ﹺﻴﻪ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﹶﻳ ﹾﻐ ﹺﺴـ ﹶﻠ ﹸﻪ‬ ‫ﹺ ﹺ‬
‫ﺛﻮﺏ ﺭﺳﻮﻝ ﺍﷲ ﷺ ﹶﻓ ﹾﺮﻛﹰﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓ ﹸﻴﺼﲇ ﻓﻴﻪ« )ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﹺ‬ ‫ﻮﺭ ﺇﹺﻧﹶﺎﺀ ﹶﺃ ﹶﺣﺪﻛ ﹾﹸﻢ ﺇﹺ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻭ ﹶﻟ ﹶﻎ ﺍ ﹾﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹾﻠ ﹸ‬
‫ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﷺ‪ » :‬ﹸﻃ ﹸﻬ ﹸ‬
‫ﺳﺒﻊ ﻣﺮ ﹴ‬
‫ﺍﺏ« )ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺎﻟﱰ ﹺ‬‫ﻭﻻ ﹸﻫ ﱠﻦ ﺑﹺ ﱡ ﹶ‬ ‫ﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﹸﺃ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶ ﹾ ﹶ ﹶﱠ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻮﻟـﻮﻍ‪ :‬ﺇﺩﺧـﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻜﻠـﺐ ﻟﺴـﺎﻧﻪ ﰲ ﺍﻹﻧﺎﺀ ﻭﲢﺮﻳﻜﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳـﻮﺍﺀ‬
‫ﴍﺏ ﺃﻭ ﱂ ﴩﺏ‬
‫ﻳﴩﺏ‪.‬‬

‫ﻟﻌﺎﺏ اﻟﻜﻠﺐ‬

‫اﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺭﻃﺒﺎ‬

‫اﻟﻤ ْﺬي‬
‫‪َ .٧‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ ﺭﻗﻴﻖ ﻟﺰﺝ‪ ،‬ﳜﺮﺝ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﳌﻼﻋﺒﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺗﺬﻛﱡﺮ ﺍﳉﲈﻉ‪،‬‬
‫ﻻ ﺑﺸﻬﻮﺓ ﻭﻻ ﺑﺘﺪﻓﻖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﻌﻘﺒﻪ ﻓﺘﻮﺭ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﺑﲈ ﻻ ﳛﺲ ﺑﺨﺮﻭﺟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋـﲇ ﺑـﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ‪- ‬ﳌﺎ ﺳـﺄﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮﻟـﻪ ﷺ ﰲ ﺣﺪﻳـﺚ ﹼ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺬﻱ‪» :-‬ﺗ ﹶﹶﻮ ﱠﺿ ﹾﺄ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭﺍ ﹾﻏ ﹺﺴ ﹾﻞ ﹶﺫﻛ ﹶﹶﺮ ﹶﻙ« )ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻮ ْدي‬
‫‪َ .٨‬‬
‫ﻳﺎﺑاس‬
‫ً‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺮﻙ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﺎﺀ ﺃﺑﻴﺾ‪ ،‬ﻏﻠﻴﻆ‪ ،‬ﳜﺮﺝ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻝ‪.‬‬

‫ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات اﻟﻤﺼﻮر‬ ‫‪١٨‬‬

 ‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬
‫أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬

‫اﻟﻜﺤﻮل‬
‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻜﺤﻮﻝ ﻃﺎﻫﺮ ﺣﺴـ ﹰﻴﺎ ﺭﻏﻢ ﻧﺠﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﺍﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﻭﻛﻮﻥ‬

‫ﴍﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺒﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺬﻧﻮﺏ‪.‬‬
‫ۡ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫ٱل ۡم ُر‬ ‫يأ ُّي َهــا َّٱل َ‬
‫ِين َء َام ُن ٓوا ْ إ َّن َما َ‬ ‫ﺃﻣـﺎ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ‪ٰٓ ) :‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َ‬
‫ــس ّم ِۡن ع َم ِل‬ ‫ــاب َو ۡٱل ۡز َل ٰ ُم ر ۡج ‪ٞ‬‬ ‫نص ُ‬ ‫ــس َو ۡٱلَ َ‬
‫َوٱل ۡ َم ۡي ِ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َّ ۡ َ ٰ َ ۡ َ ُ ُ َ َ َّ ُ ۡ ُ ۡ‬
‫ــم تفل ُِحــون ‪( ٩٠‬‬ ‫ٱلشــيط ِن فٱجتنِبــوه لعلك‬
‫]ﺍﳌﺎﺋـﺪﺓ‪[٩٠ :‬؛ﻓﺎﳌﻘﺼـﻮﺩ ﺑـﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺟـﺲ ﺍﳌﻌﻨـﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻴـﺲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺟﺲ ﺍﳊﴘ‪ ،‬ﻛﲈ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻴﴪ)‪ ،(١‬ﻭﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺏ)‪.(٢‬‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﳌﻴﴪ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻘﲈﺭ ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻷﻧﺼﺎﺏ‪ :‬ﺍﻷﺻﻨﺎﻡ ‪.‬‬

‫اﳋﻤﻮﺭ‬

‫‪١٩‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات اﻟﻤﺼﻮر‬

 ‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬
‫ﻛﺘـــــــــــﺎب اﻟﻄﻬﺎرة‬
‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬

‫ﳒﺎﺳﺔ اسﺋﻠﺔ ﻋﲆ اﻷﺭﺽ‬

‫ﻃﺮق ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬

‫ﺟﻔﺎﻑ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ اﻟاسﺋﻠﺔ‬
‫‪ .١‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ا‪C‬رض اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺠﺴﺔ‬
‫‪ .٢‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ اﻟﻤﺎء اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺠﺲ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺻﺎﺑﺖ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ ﻧﺠﺎﺳـﺔ ﻓﺈﳖﺎ ﺗﺰﺍﻝ ﺳﻮﺍﺀ ﺃﻛﺎﻥ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ‬
‫ﹶﻳ ﹾﻄ ﹸﻬﺮ ﺑﺈﹺﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺎﺀ ﻛﺜﲑ ﺇﹺﻟﻴﻪ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺰﻭﻝ ﺃﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﲈ ﻳﻄﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ ﺑﻐﲑﻩ؛ ﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺍﻷﻋﺮﺍﰊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺑﺎﻝ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺠﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎﻝ ﷺ‪:‬‬
‫ﻼ)‪ (٢‬ﹺﻣﻦ ﻣ ﹴ‬
‫ﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻭ ﹶﺫﻧﹸﻮ ﹰﺑﺎ)‪ (٣‬ﹺﻣ ﹾﻦ‬ ‫» ﹶﺩ ﹸﻋﻮ ﹸﻩ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭ ﹶﻫ ﹺﺮﻳ ﹸﻘﻮﺍ)‪ (١‬ﹶﻋ ﹶﲆ ﹶﺑ ﹾﻮﻟﹺ ﹺﻪ ﹶﺳ ﹾﺠ ﹰ‬
‫‪-‬ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‪ -‬ﺑﺘﺼﻔﻴﺘﻪ ﺑﻮﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﹾ ﹶ‬
‫ﺎﺀ« )ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣ ﹴ‬
‫ﹶ‬
‫ﻭﺇﻥ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ ﺳﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻓﺠﻔﺖ ﻓﻘﺪ ﻃﻬﺮﺕ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ؛ ﳊﺪﻳﺚ‬
‫ﹶﺖ)‪) «(٤‬ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﺍﻷﹶ ﹾﺭ ﹸﺽ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺪﹾ ﹶﺯﻛ ﹾ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹺﰊ ﹺﻗ ﹶﻼﺑ ﹶﺔ ‪ ‬ﹶﻗ ﹶﺎﻝ‪» :‬ﺇ ﹶﺫﺍ ﺟ ﱠﻔ ﹺ‬
‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﹶﻫ ﹺﺮﻳﻘﻮﺍ‪ :‬ﺻﺒﻮﺍ‪.‬‬

‫)‪ (٢‬ﺍﻟﺴﺠﻞ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻮ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﻠﺊ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٣‬ﺫﻧﻮ ﹰﺑﺎ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻮ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺍﳌﻤﺘﲆﺀ ﻣﺎﺀ‪.‬‬
‫)‪ (٤‬ﺯﻛﺖ‪ :‬ﻃﻬﺮﺕ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺘﻄﻬﲑ ﺑﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ اﻟﻤﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺗﻄﻬﲑ ﺑﺎﻟﻮاسﺋﻞ اﳊﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﺴﻞ اﻷﺭﺽ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺎﺀ‬

‫ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات اﻟﻤﺼﻮر‬ ‫‪٢٠‬‬

 ‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬
‫أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬

‫‪ .٣‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ اﻟﺜﻮب اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺠﺲ‬

‫ﻳﻐﺴﻞ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻔﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻌﴫ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺰﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺄﻛﻮﻝ اﻟﻠﺤﻢ‬

‫ﺗﻄﻬﲑ اﻟﺜﻮﺏ اﻟﻤﺘﻨﺠﺲ‬

‫‪ .٤‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ُ‬
‫اﻟﻔ ُﺮش‬
‫ﺗﻐﺴـﻞ ﺑﺎﳌـﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﺑﺎﳌﻨﻈﻔـﺎﺕ ﺍﳊﺪﻳﺜـﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻔـﺮﻙ‪ ،‬ﺣﺘـﻰ ﺗﺰﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺪﺑﺎﻍ‬

‫‪ .٢‬ﺟﻠﺪ ﻣﻴﺘﺔ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺄﻛﻮل اﻟﻠﺤﻢ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﻄﻬﲑ اﻟﻔﺮﺵ‬
‫ﻓـﲈ ﻻ ﲢﻠـﻪ اﻟذﻛﺎة ﻻ ﻳﻄﻬـﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﺑﺎغ‪ ،‬وﻟـﻮ ﻛﺎن ﰲ ﺣﺎل‬
‫ﻃﺎﻫﺮﺍ‪.‬‬
‫ﹰ‬ ‫اﳊﻴﺎة‬ ‫‪ .٥‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ﺟﻠﺪ اﻟﻤﻴﺘﺔ‬
‫‪ .١‬ﺟﻠﺪ ﻣﻴﺘﺔ ﻣﺄﻛﻮل اﻟﻠﺤﻢ‪:‬‬
‫ﺎﺏ)‪ (١‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘﺪﹾ ﹶﻃ ﹸﻬ ﹶﺮ«‬ ‫ﻭﻫـﺬﺍ ﻳﻄﻬﺮ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﱢ ﺑﺎﻍ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﷺ‪» :‬ﺇﹺ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹸﺩﺑﹺ ﹶﻎ ﹺ‬
‫ﺍﻹ ﹶﻫ ﹸ‬
‫)ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ(‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﻍ‪ :‬ﻣﻌﺎﳉﺔ ﺍﳉﻠﻮﺩ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺍﳌﻮﺍﺩ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﻠﲔ ﻭﻳﺰﻭﻝ ﻣﺎ ﲠﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻧﺘﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﺬﺑﻮﺣـﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬ ‫ﺃﻣـﺎ ﺇﹺﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳊﻴـﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﳌﺄﻛـﻮﻝ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻴﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﴩﻋﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﹺﻥ ﺟﻠﺪﻩ ﻃﺎﻫﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺄﻛﻮﻝ اﻟﻠﺤﻢ‬

‫)‪ (١‬ﺍﻹﻫﺎﺏ‪ :‬ﺍﳉﻠﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺑﺎﻍ‪.‬‬

‫‪٢١‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات اﻟﻤﺼﻮر‬

 ‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬
‫ﻛﺘـــــــــــﺎب اﻟﻄﻬﺎرة‬

‫واﻟﻮ ْدي‬
‫َ‬ ‫اﻟﻤ ْﺬي‬
‫‪ .٦‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ﺑﻮل اﻟﺒﻨﺖ‪ ،‬أو اﻟﻐﻼم اﻟﺬي ‪ .٨‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ َ‬
‫ﻋﲇ ﺑﻦ ﺃﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﻳﻐﺴﻞ ﺫﻛﺮﻩ ﻭﻳﺘﻮﺿﺄ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﷺ ﰲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﹼ‬
‫ﻟﻢ ﻳﺄﻛﻞ اﻟﻄﻌﺎم‬
‫‪» :‬ﺗ ﹶﹶﻮ ﱠﺿ ﹾﺄ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭﺍ ﹾﻏ ﹺﺴ ﹾﻞ ﹶﺫﻛ ﹶﹶﺮ ﹶﻙ« )ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﻐﺴـﻞ ﺑـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺒﻨـﺖ‪ ،‬ﺃﻣـﺎ ﺑـﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺼﺒـﻲ ﻓﻴﻜﻔـﻲ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺵ؛‬
‫ﺃﻣـﺎ ﺗﻄﻬـﲑ ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺏ ﻓﻴﻜﺘﻔﻰ ﻓﻴـﻪ ﺑﺮﺵ ﺍﳌﺎﺀ ﻋـﲆ ﺍﳌﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺎﺭ ﹶﻳ ﹺﺔ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭ ﹸﻳ ﹶﺮ ﱡﺵ ﹺﻣـ ﹾﻦ ﹶﺑ ﹾﻮ ﹺﻝ ﺍ ﹾﻟ ﹸﻐ ﹶﻼ ﹺﻡ«‬
‫ﺍﳉ ﹺ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﷺ‪ » :‬ﹸﻳ ﹾﻐﺴ ﹸـﻞ ﹺﻣ ﹾﻦ ﹶﺑ ﹾ ﹺ‬
‫ـﻮﻝ ﹾ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬

‫ﺃﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﳌﺬﻱ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﻱ‪ ،‬ﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﺳـﻬﻞ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻨﻴﻒ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺳﺄﻝ ﺍﻟﻨﺒﻲ‬ ‫)ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ(‪.‬‬
‫ـﻮ ﹺﰊ ﹺﻣﻨﹾ ﹸﻪ ﹶﻗ ﹶﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻴﺐ ﹶﺛ ﹾ‬
‫ﹺ‬
‫ﻒ ﺑﹺ ﹶـﲈ ﹸﻳﺼ ﹸ‬ ‫ـﺖ ﹶﻳﺎ ﹶﺭ ﹸﺳ ﹶ‬
‫ـﻮﻝ ﺍﷲﱠﹺ ﹶﻓ ﹶﻜ ﹾﻴ ﹶ‬ ‫ﷺ ﻗـﺎﻝ » ﹸﻗ ﹾﻠ ﹸ‬
‫ـﺬ ﻛﹶﻔﺎ ﹺﻣﻦ ﻣ ﹴ‬
‫ﺎﺀ ﹶﻓ ﹶﺘﻨ ﹶﹾﻀ ﹶﺢ ﹺ ﹶﲠﺎ ﹺﻣ ﹾﻦ ﹶﺛ ﹾﻮﺑﹺ ﹶﻚ ﹶﺣ ﹾﻴ ﹸﺚ ﺗ ﹶﹶﺮ￯‬ ‫ﹶﻳﻜ ﹺﹾﻔ ﹶ‬
‫ﻴـﻚ ﺑﹺ ﹶﺄ ﹾﻥ ﺗ ﹾﹶﺄ ﹸﺧ ﹶ‬
‫ﹾ ﹶ‬
‫ﹶﺃ ﱠﻧ ﹸﻪ ﹶﺃ ﹶﺻﺎ ﹶﺑ ﹸﻪ« )ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ(‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٩‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ دم اﻟﺤﻴﺾ‬
‫ﻳﻐﺴـﻞ ﺑﺎﳌﺎﺀ‪ ،‬ﻭﻻ ﻳﴬ ﺑﻘـﺎﺀ ﺃﺛﺮﻩ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟـﻪ ﷺ‪» :‬ﻳﻜ ﹺﹾﻔ ﹺ‬
‫ﻴﻚ ﺍ ﹾﹶﳌﺎ ﹸﺀ‪،‬‬ ‫ﹶ‬
‫ﴬ ﹺﻙ ﹶﺃ ﹶﺛ ﹸﺮ ﹸﻩ« )ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﹶﻭ ﹶﻻ ﹶﻳ ﹸ ﱡ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮﻝ اﻟﺒﻨﺖ‬
‫‪ .١٠‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ اﻟﻨﻌﻞ‬
‫ﻳﺪﻟـﻚ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺬﻫﺐ ﺃﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳـﺔ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟـﻪ ﷺ‪» :‬ﺇﹺ ﹶﺫﺍ‬
‫ﹺﹺ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺍﺏ ﹶﻟ ﹸﻪ ﹶﻃ ﹸﻬ ﹲ‬
‫ﻮﺭ« )ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﹶﻭﻃ ﹶﺊ ﹶﺃ ﹶﺣﺪﹸ ﻛ ﹾﹸﻢ ﺑﹺﻨﹶ ﹾﻌﻠﻪ ﺍﻷﹶ ﹶﺫ￯‪ ،‬ﹶﻓﺈﹺ ﱠﻥ ﱡ ﹶ‬
‫ﺍﻟﱰ ﹶ‬

‫اﻟﺮﺵ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻮﻝ اﻟﻐﻼﻡ‬

‫‪ .٧‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ وﻟﻎ ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻜﻠﺐ‬

‫ﻳﻐﺴﻞ ﺳـﺒﻊ ﻣﺮﺍﺕ ﺃﻭﻻﻫﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﱰﺍﺏ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﷺ‪ » :‬ﹸﻃﻬﻮﺭ ﺇﹺﻧ ﹺ‬
‫ﹶﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﹸ ﹸ‬
‫ـﻎ ﺍ ﹾﻟ ﹶﻜ ﹾﻠﺐ ﻓﹺ ﹺﻴﻪ ﹶﺃ ﹾﻥ ﻳ ﹾﻐ ﹺﺴـ ﹶﻠﻪ ﺳـﺒﻊ ﻣـﺮ ﹴ‬
‫ﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﹸﺃ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹸـﻢ ﺇﹺ ﹶﺫﺍ ﹶﻭ ﹶﻟ ﹶ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺗﻄﻬﲑ اﻟﻨﻌﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺪﻟﻚ ﺑﺎﻷﺭﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ ﹸﻫ ﱠﻦ‬ ‫ﹸ ﹶ ﹾﹶ ﹶ ﱠ‬ ‫ﹶ‬ ‫ﹸ‬ ‫ﹶﺃ ﹶﺣﺪﻛ ﹾ‬
‫ﺍﺏ« )ﻣﺘﻔﻖ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ(‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﹺ ﱡ ﹶ‬
‫ﺎﻟﱰ ﹺ‬
‫‪ .١١‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ﺛﻮب اﻟﻤﺮأة اﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ‬
‫‪ ٦‬ﻣﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺇﻥ ﻋﻠـﻖ ﺑﺬﻳـﻞ ﺛـﻮﺏ ﺍﳌﺮﺃﺓ‬
‫ﻧﺠﺎﺳﺔ ﻓﻴﻜﻔﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺸﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻫـﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻄﻬـﺮﻩ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ؛‬
‫ﺛﻢ‬
‫ﻟﻘﻮﻟـﻪ ﷺ‪ » :‬ﹸﻳ ﹶﻄ ﱢﻬ ﹸﺮ ﹸﻩ ﹶﻣـﺎ ﹶﺑ ﹾﻌﺪﹶ ﹸﻩ«‬
‫)ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺃﺑﻮ ﺩﺍﻭﺩ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻄﻬﲑ اﻷﺭﺽ ﻟﺜﻮﺏ اﻟﻤﺮﺃﺓ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻬﲑ ﺑﺎﻟﻐﺴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻄﻬﲑ ﺑﺎﻟﱰﺍﺏ‬

‫ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات اﻟﻤﺼﻮر‬ ‫‪٢٢‬‬

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‫أﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬

‫‪ .١٢‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ا‪C‬ﻃﻌﻤﺔ اﻟﺠﺎﻣﺪة‬

‫ﺗﻄﻬﺮ ﺑﺈﻟﻘﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺣﻮﳍﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻋﲆ ﺃﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻬﺎﺭﺓ؛ ﳌﺎ ﺛﺒﺖ ﹶﺃ ﱠﻥ ﹶﺭ ﹸﺳ ﹶ‬
‫ﻮﻝ‬
‫ﹴ‬ ‫ﹺ‬
‫ﺍﷲﹺ ﷺ ﹸﺳـﺌ ﹶﻞ ﹶﻋ ﹾﻦ ﹶﻓ ﹾﺄ ﹶﺭﺓ ﹶﺳـ ﹶﻘ ﹶﻄ ﹾﺖ ﹺﰲ ﹶﺳ ﹾ‬
‫ـﻤ ﹴﻦ‪ ،‬ﹶﻓ ﹶﻘ ﹶﺎﻝ‪ » :‬ﹶﺃ ﹾﻟ ﹸﻘ ﹶ‬
‫ﻮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭ ﹶﻣﺎ ﹶﺣ ﹾﻮ ﹶﳍﹶﺎ ﹶﻓﺎ ﹾﻃ ﹶﺮ ﹸﺣﻮ ﹸﻩ‪ ،‬ﹶﻭ ﹸﻛ ﹸﻠﻮﺍ‬
‫‪https://www.al-feqh.com/ar‬‬

‫ﹶﺳ ﹾﻤﻨﹶﻜ ﹾﹸﻢ« )ﺭﻭﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﺒﺨﺎﺭﻱ(‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﻤﻦ ﻭﻗﻊ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻓﺄﺭ ﻣﻴﺖ‬
‫‪ .١٣‬ﺗﻄﻬﻴﺮ ا‪C‬ﺳﻄﺢ اﻟﻤﺼﻘﻮﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﻤﺮآة واﻟﺰﺟﺎج‬
‫ﲤﺴﺢ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻳﺰﻭﻝ ﺃﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻄﻬﲑ اﻟﺰﺟﺎﺝ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺢ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳﺎت‬
‫‪ .١‬ﺍﻷﺻـﻞ ﰲ ﺍﻷﺷـﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻄﻬـﺎﺭﺓ‪ ،‬ﺇﻻ ﺇﺫﺍ ﻭﺭﺩ ﻣـﺎ ﻳـﺪﻝ ﻋﲆ‬
‫ﻧﺠﺎﺳﺘﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﳾﺀ ﻭﻻ ﻳﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫‪ .٢‬ﺇﹺﺫﺍ ﻭﻗﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳـﺔ ﻋﲆ ﹴ‬
‫ﻳﻐﺴﻞ ﻛﻠﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .٣‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﲢﻮﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﻨﺠﺎﺳـﺔ ﺇﱃ ﳾﺀ ﺁﺧﺮ ‪ -‬ﻛﲈ ﻟﻮ ﺃﺣﺮﻕ ﺭﻭﺙ‬
‫ﲪﺎﺭ ﻓﺼﺎﺭ ﺭﻣﺎ ﹰﺩﺍ‪ -‬ﻃﻬﺮﺕ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﲢﻮﻝ اﻟﺮﻭﺙ ﺇﱃ ﺭﻣﺎﺩ ﻳﻄﻬﺮه‬

‫‪٢٣‬‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻪ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات اﻟﻤﺼﻮر‬