The Gamma function

Because of its importance and common use, we present this introduction to the gamma
function(λ). The gamma function is defined by the improper integral

which converges for all λ > −1. To deduce some of the properties of the gamma
function, let us integrate by parts:

The quantity e−t tλ vanishes at t = ∞ and t = 0. Thus, we have

The last integral is simply (λ). Thus, we have the important property

If we let λ = 0 then use EQ the result will be:

Using Eq there follows:

Equations 6th represent another important property of the gamma function. If λ is a positive
integer,

(λ + 1) = λ!

It is interesting to note that Γ(λ) is defined for all real λ except λ = 0, −1, −2, . . . , by the
functional equation Γ(λ + 1) = λ Γ(λ); in fact, we need to know Γ(λ) only for 1 ≤ Γ≤ 2 to compute
(λ) for all real values of λ. This tabulation is given in
Table Below of the Appendix. Figure below illustrates the graph of (λ). The gamma function at
half-integer values are multiples of √π (see Eq. 2.5.13 below). To see this, we begin with the
known result (see Table Below in the Appendix),
From the tabulated results in the Appendix (Table above), we verify the foregoing result,
namely, that √π/2 = (3/2) = 0.886227.
Example 1
From supplementary problems

Example 2
Reference

Advanced Engineering Mathematics (2019) 4th edition, by

Merle C. Potter Jack L. Lessing Edward F. Aboufadel

De La Fuente, R A., Feliciano, F T., & Uy, F B. (1999).

Elementary differential equations. Merriam & Webster, Inc.