Logic Functions and Gates II

Based in Digital Desing with CPLD – DUEK

By Henry X. 2016
 Boolean algebra
Basic Principles of Logic functions and Combinational
and combinational
Digital Systems gates Logic Functions
Logic
OUTLINE
• 2.4 DeMorgan’s Theorems and Gate Equivalence
• 2.5 Enable and Inhibit Properties of Logic Gates
• 2.6 Integrated Circuit Logic Gates
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
• Draw the DeMorgan equivalent form of any logic gate.
• Determine when a logic gate will pass a digital waveform and when it
will block the signal.
• Describe several types of integrated circuit packaging for digital logic
gates.
• Draw the DeMorgan equivalent form of any logic gate.
• Determine when a logic gate will pass a digital waveform and when it
will block the signal.
• Describe several types of integrated circuit packaging for digital logic
gates
Remeber
DeMorgan’s Theorems and Gate
Equivalence
Morgan?
Morgan?
August De Morgan
• DeMorgan’s theorems Two theorems
in Boolean algebra that allow us to
transform any gate from an AND-
shaped to an OR-shaped gate and vice
versa.

• DeMorgan equivalent forms Two gate

symbols, one AND-shaped and one
ORshaped, that are equivalent
according to DeMorgan’s theorems.
"break the line, change the sign".
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/digital/chpt-7/demorgans-theorems/
let’s take the expression (A + (BC)’)’ and reduce it
using DeMorgan’s Theorems:

http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/digital/chpt-7/demorgans-theorems/
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/digital/chpt-7/demorgans-theorems/
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/digital/chpt-7/demorgans-theorems/
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/digital/chpt-7/demorgans-theorems/
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/digital/chpt-7/demorgans-theorems/
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/digital/chpt-7/demorgans-theorems/
http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/digital/chpt-7/demorgans-theorems/
2.5 Enable and Inhibit Properties of Logic Gates
• Digital signal (or pulse waveform) A series of 0s and 1s plotted over
time.

• True form Not inverted.

• Complement form Inverted.

• Enable A logic gate is enabled if it allows a digital signal to pass from an

input to the output in either true or complement form.

• Inhibit (or disable) A logic gate is inhibited if it prevents a digital signal

from passing from an input to the output.

• In phase Two digital waveforms are in phase if they are always at the
same logic level at the same time.

• Out of phase Two digital waveforms are out of phase if they are always at
opposite logic levels at any given time.
 Enable and ‘’Inhibit circuits

http://www.vlsi-expert.com/2013/12/digital-basic-13-logic-gates-part-b.html
Tristate Buffers
• Tristate buffer A gate having three possible output states: logic HIGH,
logic LOW, and high-impedance.

• High-impedance state The output state of a tristate buffer that is

neither logic HIGH nor logic LOW, but is electrically equivalent to an
open circuit.

• Bus A common wire or parallel group of wires connecting multiple

circuits.
2.6 Integrated Circuit Logic Gates
• Integrated circuit (IC) An electronic circuit having many components, such as transistors,
diodes, resistors, and capacitors, in a single package.

• Small scale integration (SSI) An integrated circuit having 12 or fewer gates in one
package.

• Medium scale integration (MSI) An integrated circuit having the equivalent of 12 to 100
gates in one package.

• Large scale integration (LSI) An integrated circuit having from 100 to 10,000 equivalent
gates.

• Very large scale integration (VLSI) An integrated circuit having more than 10,000
equivalent gates.

• Transistor-transistor logic (TTL) A family of digital logic devices whose basic element is
the bipolar junction transistor.

• Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) A family of digital logic devices

whose basic element is the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
https://s32.postimg.org/t39fjs705/51e0633cce395f867b000000.jpg
• In TTL, connect VCC to 5 Volts and GND to ground.

• In CMOS, connect the VCC pin to the supply voltage

(3 V to 6 V) and GND to ground.
PLD´s. Programable logic Divices
Based in Introducción a los Sistemas Digitales - Módulo III UPIITA – IPN / M. en C. Isaac Guzmán Domínguez
PLD
Programable logic Divice
What is Programmable Logic?
• In the world of digital electronic systems, there are three basic kinds
of devices: memory, microprocessors, and logic.
• Memory devices store random information such as the contents of a
spreadsheet or database.
• Microprocessors execute software instructions to perform a wide
variety of tasks such as running a word processing program or video
game.
• Logic devices provide specific functions, including device-to-device
interfacing, data communication, signal processing, data display,
timing and control operations, and almost every other function a
system must perform.

http://www.xilinx.com/company/about/programmable.html
http://images.slideplayer.com/16/5031833/slides/slide_11.jpg
Fixed Logic Versus Programmable Logic
• Logic devices can be classified into two broad
categories - fixed and programmable.

• Fixed logic device are permanent, they

perform one function or set of functions - once
manufactured, they cannot be changed.

• Programmable logic devices (PLDs) are

standard, off-the-shelf parts that offer
customers a wide range of logic capacity,
features, speed, and voltage characteristics -
and these devices can be changed at any time
to perform any number of functions.

http://www.xilinx.com/company/about/programmable.html
http://m.eet.com/media/1119081/plds.jpg
http://www.slideshare.net/abhilash128/lec-22a
Applications for Programmable Logic Devices:

There are many applications that use programmable

logic devices including:
•Networking
•Aerospace and defence
•Automotive
•Consumer electronics
•Computing
•Distributed monetary systems
•Communications
•Audio
•Computing
•Avionics
http://www.futureelectronics.com/en/programmable-logic/programmable-logic.aspx
Introducción a los Sistemas Digitales - Módulo III UPIITA – IPN / M. en C. Isaac Guzmán Domínguez
CoolRunner II
CPLD - XILINX

https://sites.google.com/site/logicaprogramable/_/rsrc/1429671567203/calculadoras/fpga-1/digilent---coolrunner-ii-cpld-starter-board/CoolRunner%20II.jpg
Solve problems
• An automobile alarm system uses three
sensors to indicate the status of the A B C Y
driver's door, the driver's door switch,
0 0 0 0
the ignition switch and the front lights. 0 0 1 0
An alarm will be activated if: alarm will 0 1 0 0
be activated if: 0 1 1 1
1 0 0 1
1 0 1 1
- The front lights are on while the power 1 1 0 0
switch is off. 1 1 1 1

- The door is open while the power switch

is on