FUNDAMENTALS OF

THERMODYNAMICS
SEVENTH EDITION
International Student Version

CLAUS BORGNAKKE
RICHARD E. SONNTAG
University of Michigan

Pure Substance Behavior

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Absolute 0.706 g
520 kPa

Increase cooking time

-3
2% accuracy
19.2
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Vapor; P<4000kPa
Liquid; 4000kPa<P<400MPa
Solid; P>400MPa

S.V. Mixture
S.V. S.V.

CO2;7.38 MPa,472 kg/m3, C2H5OH;6.14 MPa,275 kg/m3

9123 kPa, -1 C
1200kPa, Undefined
263 K, 210 MPa 2033kPa, 0.0326

Vapor; 0<P<4kPa
Liquid; 4kPa<P<1000MPa
Solid; P>1000MPa
Comp. L., 133.7 kPa,
1243 K, 1356 K 0.000738 m3/kg, Undefined
S. V., 12.7 C, Undefined
S.V.
S.V.
S.V.
0.001002,Undefined
151.86,0.532
Comp. L. 0.14302,Undefined
Comp. S. 8581,0.01762

Comp. L.
S.V.
S.V.

Mixture 0.000815
Mixture 0.02838
S.V. Comp. L. 0.00498

0.9945
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1296 kPa, 0.806

734 kPa
0.000969, 0.0296 99.98%
0.006153
0.04493
0.005563 ( everything is homogenous )

2513 kPa, 0.6719 0.5746 m3/kg

10000 kPa, Undefined
H2O H2O

35.7 kg

0.4385, 361.3 kPa

431.3 kPa
771 kPa, 04678, 1318 kPa

0.05 m Rise, Drop

23.8 MPa 18.9 kPa

Undefined, 0.9354 m3/kg

0.989 kg

1.318 MPa, 93.295 kg

5 hrs, 824 kPa

3 3
3.46 40 C; 1555 kPa, 0.0814 m /kg 3.47 R-410a 40 C; 2421 kPa, 0.00865 m /kg
-20 C; 190 kPa, 0.622 m3/kg -20 C; 400 kPa, 0.064 m3/kg
3.47 R-134a 40 C; 1017 kPa, 0.019 m3/kg 3.48 20 C; 5729 kPa, 0.00386 m3/kg
-20 C; 134 kPa, 0.146 m3/kg -30 C; 1428 kPa, 0.026 m3/kg
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3
1100 kPa, 0.64 g
900 kPa, 1.6263 m
Yes
Yes
No
No
152,227 kg, 4.72x10-4 Yes

0.06667 m3
41.5 kg/s, 2%, 41%

212.4 C, more
Helium

50 g
87.5 kg, 545.5 kg

96.4 kPa

0.697 kg, 3000 kPa

100%, -50%

1.189 kg, 0.828 kg, 1.809 kg 204.4 kPa

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3.33 MPa

506.9 kPa

2.75, 9.4, 25.3 2115 kPa

6.8, 20, 53.3

0.973, 0.8185
139.9 kPa
0.55
0.45

No
1.04 MPa

1.303 kg
0.473
0.603 kg

308.75 kg, 4%
925 kPa, 0.007 m3/kg
8.711 kg, 38.715 kg
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0.304 m3/kg
Mixture, 198.5 kPa, 0.56
S.V., 121.65 C
579 kPa, 0.0013 m3 Sat. S+V,0.26 kPa, 0.4285

S.V., 661.7 kPa

Mixture, 149.4 C, 468.2 kPa
16319, 10444, 10000 kPa Comp. L., 2.51 MPa
S.V., 2.551 m3/kg
Mixture, 68.7 C, 2.06 MPa
10357 kPa, 10000 kPa

0.2167 m3/kg,
10669 kPa, 10000 kPa -51.65 C

0.00345, 0.006293, 0.00307 m3/kg

0.00333 m3/kg
0.283
10820, 7714, 8000 kPa
8040 kPa
8108.7 kPa

120 C, 0.516
117K, 0.959

1553.8 kPa, 0.118

a. Mixture, 1085.7 kPa, 0.2713 0.6836, 0.0156 m3, 0.000726

b. S.V., 1.40 MPa, undefined
c. S.V., 0.04454 m3/kg
d. Mixture, 0 C, 0.7195
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133 kPa

2270 kPa
10%, 1.1%

485 kPa

34.2 kg, 7.2%

70.9 C
500 kPa, 1825.5 kPa
-31.3 C, 256.7 kPa

6.7 C, 0.1729 m3/ kg

1.9878 m3/ kg, undefined
336.8 kPa, undefined

102 K
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84.5 kPa
0.0892 m3/ kg