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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the ICT-Computer Systems Servicing NC II Alternative Delivery Mode

(ADM) Module on Applying Quality Standards and Performing Computer Operations
This module is collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from
public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the learners
meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and
economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at thei r own pace and time. Furthermore, it also aims to help learners acquire
the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:
Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You
also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their own
learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and to assist the learners as they do the
tasks included in the module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a
separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let’s Try before moving on to the other activities included in the
module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5.
Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult
your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain
deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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MODULE 1 WEEK 1 and 2
Let’s Learn
This module is thoroughly designed to learn more about applying quality standards. It helps the
learners to demonstrate an understanding of concepts and underlying principles in applying
quality standard in computer systems servicing.
This module has three learning competencies/outcomes namely:
Week 1: LO1: Assess quality of received materials

1. Work order and standard operating procedures
2. Specification of materials and components
3. Faults
4. Recording and reporting procedures
Week 2: LO2: Assess own work

1. Related documents
2. Quality standards
3. Checking process
4. Records and documents
After going through this module, you are expected to:

The learners shall be able to apply quality standards in computer systems servicing such
as assess quality of received materials, assess own work and engage in quality improvement.
WEEK 1
Let’s Try
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer on the space before each
number.
_____1. It is a single strand of metal capable of transmitting power or data from one area to
another.
a. Wire b. Cable c. Electrical tape d. Resistor
_____2. Which of the following does not belong to the proper standard operating procedure of
industrial fields?
a. Initial start-up c. Hazards and procedure
b. Pictures d. Personal protective equipment
_____3. This is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical
resistance as a circuit element.
a. Capacitor b. Diode c. Integrated Circuit d. Resistor
_____4. This device is used to regulate current or voltage flow and acts as a switch or gate
for electronic signals.
a. Diode b. Transistor c. Capacitor d. Integrated Circuit
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_____5. It is a device used to store an electric charge, consisting of one or more pairs of
conductor separated by an insulator.
a. Diode b. Integrated Circuit c. Capacitor d. Transistor
_____6. Which of the following type of defects shows adversely affect the function, performance
or appearance of the product?
a. Minor b. Major c. Critical d. All of the above
_____7. This type of defects render an item completely unusable and/or could cause harm to
the user or someone in the vicinity of the product.
a. Minor b. Major c. Critical d. All of the above
_____8. What is the process of capturing data or translating information?
a. Recording b. Observing c. Reporting d. Transporting
_____9. This is a document contain information organized in a narrative, graphic, or tabular
form, prepared on ad hoc, periodic, recurring, regular, or as required basis
a. Transporting b. Reporting c. Observing d. Recording
_____10. Which of the following is not belong to a good recording and reporting records?
a. Help you work more efficiently
b. Enable you to meet legal obligations applicable to your work
c. Protect your own interest in making records.
d. Protect the interests of the government and of your agency
_____11. This is used to mean an area defined by contour without regard to other identifying
qualities or materials.
a. Search b. Record c. Form d. Recording
_____12. This is a database entry that may contain one or more values.
a. Search b. Record c. Form d. Policy and procedure
_____13. Establish the rules of conduct within an organization, outlining the responsibilities
of both employees and employers.
a. Search b. Record c. Form d. Policy and procedure
_____14. It is an instructional book or that is supplied with almost all technologically advanced
consumer products such as home appliances and computer peripherals
a. Search b. Instructional manual c. Record d. Policy and procedure
_____15. This is use to find information for a particular product, but you can usually shortcut
the painful process with any browser.
a. Search b. Instructional manual c. Record d. Policy and procedure
_____16. This is a display of statistically determined the upper and lower limit drawn on either
side of a process average.
a. Control chart b. Flowchart c. Scatter diagram d. Histogram
_____17. It refers to two variables that are related and used to test for
cause and effect relationships.
a. Control chart b. Cause and effect c. Scatter diagram d. Histogram
_____18. This process has checked the sheets data are grouped into rows and identity the
individual values are lost.
a. Control chart b. Cause and effect c. Flowchart d. Histogram
_____19. It is also known as a fish bone diagram because of its shape and describes a
relationship between variables.
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a. Scatter diagram b. Cause and effect c. Histogram d. Flowchart
_____20. It refers to a process in as much detail as possible by graphically displaying the

steps in proper sequence.
a. Scatter diagram b. Cause and effect c. Histogram d. Flowchart
Lesson
1 Applying Quality Standards
LO1: ASSESS QUALITY OF RECEIVED MATERIALS
WORK ORDER AND STANDARD PROCEDURES
Let’s Recall
Direction: Write words that are associated with the word WORK.
Let’s Explore
A. Direction. Record the following specifications of communication devices.
Devices Specification
1. Computer
2. Television
3. Radio
4. Mobile Phone
5. MODEM
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B. Identify the parts of the universal bus. Choose your answer in the box below. Write your answer on
the space provided.
Micro-controller Oscillator Capacitor Resistor
Let’s Elaborate
PURPOSE OF STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE

Creating and implementing as accurate SOP’s as possible has many benefits in
company’s operations, turnout and making every employee working habits more routine. When
employees follow the accurate and acceptable steps in SOP, it has an impact on costs, inventory,
delivery, safety and quality. Following SOP’s in everyday work also reduces expenses, variation
and throughput time that therefore increases productivity for every work station and facility.
(EPA, Environmental Protection Agency, 2007, 6.)
BENEFITS OF STANDARD OPERATING

PROCEDURE
Use of SOP within organization is a continuing progress for developing end-results of
products. Developing and implementing SOPs in
operations minimizes variation and advances quality
even if the personnel changes are temporary or
permanent. Therefore, SOPs can also be used as a
part of personnel training. In addition to, they are in
continuing use in works t a t i o n s , since well-written
SOPs provide accurate steps on how to perform
certain tasks. Following the SOP reduce
miscommunication. Employees know what to do all the
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time and therefore there is not so much time used in consulting a foreman if an error occurs.
Employees can prevent or fix the problem on their own. This increases employee’s own time
of work and can be as productive as possible in his/her own workstation. (EPA, Environmental
Protection Agency, 2007, 6-7.) SOPs also reduce work effort, extra work, costs and has
significant positive impacts on delivery, safety issues and throughput time. (EPA,
Environmental Protection Agency, 2007, 6-7.)
A proper standard operating procedure for industrial fields should contain the following steps:
• Initial start-up. What are to be done before

the actual work will start for safety such as
starting the machines and checking their
different parts if they are functioning
properly.
• Normal operations / procedures. What
regular steps the work station contains that
the work is done properly and with safety. It
also tells in which order those steps are to be
performed.
• Emergency shutdown / operations. How to react when machines fail or accidents happen. •
Normal shutdown. How to perform safe and right shutdown for machines after the shift.
• Start-up following turnaround How long does it take to perform certain start-up procedures in
work station?
• Pictures Take pictures of every step to SOP so even not so experienced employee can check
what each step mean and is connected to
• Possible procedure times. Possible times of certain steps and whole procedure. This can
provide crucial information about throughput time.
• Consequences of deviation. What to do when deviations occur, where to report and what
actions to correct deviations.
• Possible hazards of the procedure. Point out the possible hazards that might cause accidents
and how to prevent them from happening, for example safety gear.
• Quality factors Steps that might have impact on quality of product should be pointed out.
Employees can focus on that step more effectively and make sure no deviations occur or gets
past that point.
SPECIFICATIONS OF MATERIAL AND COMPONENTS
Hardware refers to all of the physical parts of a computer system. For a traditional desktop
computer this comprises the main system unit, a display screen, a keyboard, a mouse, and
sometimes a printer, speaker, webcam, external and internal tangible parts are also included.
The following gives a basic overview of personal computer (PC) hardware, with the focus
on the specification of materials and components
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MATERIALS
Wire – refers to a single strand of metal capable of transmitting
power or data from one area to another. Wires are often protected in a
plastic covering that is sometimes color-coded to aid in identification.
Cables – may refers to other as a cord, connector or plug. A cable is
one or more wires covered in plastic that transmit power or data between
devices or locations. The power cord is one example of thousands of other
cables found in and around computers. There are two main types of computer
cables, a data cable and a power cable. A data cable is a cable that provides
communication between devices. For example (i.e., DVI,HDMI, or VGA)
that connects to the monitor and allows it to display a picture on the screen.
Other popular examples of data cables include the CAT5, IDE/EIDE,
SATA, and USB cables. A power cable is any cable that powers the device.
The power cord that connects inside the computer is also called power cables.
TYPES OF CABLES
• AT – used with early keyboards
• ATA – used with hard drives and disc drives
• Cat 5 – used with network cards
• Coaxial – used with TV and projectors
• Composite – used with TV, projectors, and consoles. Also known as RCA cables.
• Display port – used with computer monitors
• DVI – used with monitors, projects, and other displays.
• eSATA – used with external drives
• Firewire(IEEE-1394) – used with digital cameras and external drives
• HDMI – used with monitors, projectors, DD/Blu-ray players, and other displays
• MIDI – used with musical keyboards and other equipment
• Mini plug – used with headphones, microphones, speakers
• Molex – Power cable used inside your computer
• IDE/EIDE – used with hard drives and disc drives
• Parallel – used with printers
• PS/2 – used with keyboard and mice
• S-Video – used with projectors, digital cameras, and other displays.
• S/PDIF – used with DVD and surround sound
• SATA – used with hard drives and disk drives
• SCSI – used with hard drives, tape drives, and disc drives
• SERIAL(RS-232) – used with a mouse and modem
• Thunderbolt – primarily used with apple displays and devices
• USB – used with keyboard, mouse, printer, and thousands of other
devices
• VGA/SVGA – used with monitors and projectors
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Electrical or Insulating Tape – This is a type of pressure- sensitive
tape used to insulate electrical wires and other materials that conduct
electricity
FAULTS
Manufacturers duty is to produce products that perform as promised or advertised.

Consumers expect that the products they buy have been properly tested in research labs or by
small groups of consumers before the products are sold in mass.
However, from PCs, notebooks, and tablets to smartphones, smart TVs, game consoles
and other electronic gadgets, manufacturers too often ship products that lack necessary
software, are incomplete or simply defective “because of pressure to get them on store shelves.”
1. FACTORY DEFECTS
Defect classification is a vital step for determining if goods will pass the quality or
fail inspection. And considering the quantity and severity of different types of defects found helps
you make an informed shipping decision.
A professional inspection company often has established standards for classifying various types
of defects for a particular product type.
Types of factory defects
A. Minor defects - Minor defects are usually small, insignificant issues that don’t affect
the function or form of the item. In most cases, the customer will not even notice a
minor defect on a product. Not even to return an item due to a minor defect alone.
B. Major defects - Major defects are more serious than minor defects. A product with a
major defect departs significantly from the buyer’s product specifications. Major
defects are those which could adversely affect the function, performance or
appearance of a product.
C. Critical defects - Critical defects are the most serious of the three defect types.
Critical defects render an item completely unusable and/or could cause harm to the
user or someone in the vicinity of the product.
2. NONCONFORMITY TO SPECIFICATIONS
While some situations allow "nonconformity" and "defect" to be used synonymously,

some industries distinguish between the two; a nonconformity represents a failure to
meet an intended state and specification, while a defect represents a failure to meet
fitness for use/normal usage requirements.
3. NONCONFORMITY TO GOVERNMENT STANDARDS AND PECS,

ENVIRONMENTAL CODE
When most people think of nonconformity, they immediately turn their thoughts
to the management of nonconforming product in the ISO 9001 quality management
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system. While ISO 14001 includes requirements for dealing with nonconformity
in the environmental management system, it does not have the same applicability,
and the requirements are not as extensive.
. 4 . SAFETY DEFECTS
Finding a place to work. The first thing you need to think about when planning your new
homebuilt computer has nothing to do with parts, performance, or
configuration.
RECORDING AND REPORTING PROCEDURES

Computers are complex machines, with much of the processing and work being
done at a microscopic level. But did you know that inside a computer are several parts that you
can see or identity with ease. These computer components are what make any machine run and
effect its performance. You don’t have to be an IT expert to learn the basics of what computer
parts to do and what they look. How do you put things in order especially in parts and
component identification? By recording and reporting parts and component identification of the
computer.
Recording is the process of capturing data or translating information to a recording format stored
on some storage medium, which often referred to as a record or, if an auditory medium recording.
Reporting is a document contain information organized in a narrative, graphic, or tabular form,
prepared on ad hoc, periodic, recurring, regular, or as required basis. Reports may refer to specific
periods, events, occurrences, or subjects, and may be communicated or presented in oral or
written form.
Benefits of a good recording and reporting records
➢ help you work more efficiently

➢ enable you to meet legal obligations applicable to your work
➢ protect the interests of the government and of your agency
➢ protect your rights as an employee and citizen
➢ demonstrate the cost and impact of your business
➢ enable review of processes and decisions
➢ retain the corporate memory of your agency and its narrative history
➢ help research and development activities
➢ enable consistency and continuity in your business
How to Report Computer Problems?
Before reporting the problem, please restart the computer and see if the error still occurs. Many
problems are automatically fixed when the computer restarts.
How to use the Helpdesk Work Order System?
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1. Open a browser (Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, etc.) and go to http://Helpdesk.You will
see a page similar to the one pictured below. Fill in your email address and password and
click login. This will tell the tech who is reporting the problem and verifies your identity.
The login page for Web Help Desk
After logging in, you will see a page asking for information about the problem. Find
the Problem Type drop down box and select OEC then select 11 self-service. In the Subject
line place a one-line description of the problem. In the Problem Detail area place a
description of the problem. Please include: 1) A summary of the problem. Include a list of
everything in use at the time of the problem. Exp. Plato crashed while using Ms Word and.
2. Steps to reproduce the problem. Include the user you were logged in as, and a set of steps the
tech can use to cause the failure.
3. When the problem first noticed. Include date and time if possible.
4. Please include the room number and computer number.
5. (Optional) A screenshot of the error message is also helpful. Click on continue to proceed to
the next step. After clicking continue you will be asked to select the Location and Room where
the problem occurred. Please replace the defaults with the correct information and click save.
After click on save you should receive an e-mail detailing the problem you just submitted.
You can add additional information to the work order by clicking add note or cancel the request
with the cancel button. This can also be done through http://helpdesk as well. In addition, the
website shows your past requests for historical record.
Let’s Dig In
A. Directions. Listed below are some of the most important work order and standard procedures.
Write “YES” if the statement shows important in SOP’s and “NO” if not.
Work order and standard operating procedures YES / NO

1. Organizations that are implementing or about
to start implementing SOPs into their procedures should
have a system how to number and name SOPs.
2. While the regular worker is on sick leave, the
company needs to have someone else to do his/her job,
and this might require hiring new employee.
3. Every SOP needs to contain safety factor that indicates
what kind of safety gear must be used in operating
machines and work stations, also what hazards certain
work station might hold.
4. If product is delayed due defect, which might occur on
machinery error, wrong working method etc. The product
needs a new load date when to send to customer.
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5. Employees know what to do all the time and therefore
there is not so much time used in consulting a foreman if
an error occurs.
6. Employees can prevent or fix the

problem on their own.
7. Humans make mistakes and accidents
happen all the time but following the
instructions diminishes those accidents and
costs to minimum and saves money for the
company
8. Storing and waste control should also have
their own SOPs on how to storage the material
in a safe and reasonable way to reduce
hazardous situations.
9. To get as high-quality SOPs as possible, the

individuals that are creating SOPs should have
good knowledge about those processes and the
whole organization’s structure.
10. The idea of having SOPs is to make better
company’s efficiency.
B. Directions: Spell out the meaning of each ACRONYM. Write your answer on the space provided for.
1. HDMI
2. VGA
3. USB
4. IDE
5. SATA
C. Directions: Enumerate the following. Give at least 5 electrical appliances found in your HOME.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
D. Directions: Give five communication devices found in your home with the products specification.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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Let’s Remember
1. Obtain work instruction in accordance with standard operating procedures.

2. Check the received materials against workplace standards and specifications.
3. Identify and isolate faulty materials related to work.
4. Record and/ or report defects and any identified causes to the supervisor concerned in
accordance with workplace procedures.
5. Replace faulty materials in accordance with workplace procedures
Let’s Apply
Directions: Conduct an interview to your mother or father about their experience/s in

purchasing in electrical appliances.
1. What do you consider in buying electrical appliances?

2. Is the warranty of the product important? Why?
3. How does the product affect the monthly electric consumption?
Let’s Evaluate
Directions: Match the item in the first column with the items in the second column. Write your
answer on the space provided.
_____1. It used with monitors and projectors A. PS/2
_____2. It is used with keyboard, mouse, printer and thousand
devices B. Wire
_____3. It is used with monitors, projectors, DD/Blu-ray players,
and other displays C. VGA
_____4. It is used with hard drives and disk drives D. SATA
_____5. It is used with keyboard and mice E. Resistor
_____6. Single strand of metal capable of transmitting power or
data from one area to another F. Transistor
_____7. One or more wires covered in plastic that transmit
power or data between devices or locations
G. USB
_____8. Used to store an electric charge, consisting of one / more
pair of conductors separated by an insulator. H. Cable
_____9. It is a device that regulates current or voltage flow and
it
acts as a switch or gate for electronic signals. I. Capacitors
_____10. This is a passive two-terminal electrical
component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit
element J. HDMI
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B. Direction: Write the name of the following specification of materials and components.
C. Directions: Check the following factory defects according to their types.

Factory Defects Minor Major Critical
1. deviances in dimensions
2. marks on surface
3. corrosions
4. excess glue
5. wrong spelling of the product
6. product failure
7. rust
8. degradation
9. importing gas or water pipes
10. dirt
Let’s Extend
Directions: Choose from the option below and write your answer on the separate sheet.
A. Conduct an interview to an employed worker on how they implement the

working standard operating procedures.
B. Collect and name the parts of at least 5 examples of specification of materials and
components
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WEEK 2
LO2: ASSESS OWN WORK
Let’s Recall
Guide Questions:
1. What are the advantages of following standard operating procedures?

2. By following standard operating procedures. How can these affect to the workers?
Let’s Explore
Directions: Identify the basic parts of the computer system. Write your answer on the space
provided.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Let’s Elaborate
RELATED DOCUMENTS
Service Manual
This is a book with instructions on how to keep a machine. Working properly at different
points in its life. The computer service manual will tell you exactly how it works. The
manual provided by manufacturers which cover the servicing, maintenance, and repair of their
products. They were not originally offered to the public as they were developed for the
dealerships so that their mechanics were able to fix their own products.
1. Product Description
The HP Pavilion dv6000 Notebook PC offers advanced modularity, Intel® Core™ Duo and
Celeron® and AMD Turion™ 64 Mobile Technology and Mobile AMD Sempron™
processors, and extensive multimedia support
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2. Features. The following processors are available, varying by computer model: ❏ Intel
Core Duo T7200 (2.00-GHz)
❏ Intel Core Duo T1350 (1.86-GHz)
❏ Mobile AMD Sempron 3200+ (1.6-GHz)
■ 15.4-inch WXGA (1280 × 768) TFT display with over 16.7 million colors,
varying by computer model
■ 200-, 160-, 120-, 100-, 80-, 60-, or 40-GB high-capacity hard
3. Resetting the Computer If the computer you are servicing has an unknown
password, follow these steps to clear the password.
These steps also clear CMOS: 1. Prepare the computer for disassembly (refer to Section 5.3,
“Preparing the Computer For Disassembly,” for more information). 2. Remove the real-time
clock (RTC) battery (refer to Section 5.7, “RTC Battery,” for more information). 3. Wait
approximately 5 minutes. 4. Replace the RTC battery and reassemble the computer. 5. Connect
AC power to the computer. Do not reinsert any batteries at this time. 6. Turn on the computer.
All passwords and all CMOS settings have been cleared.
4. Power Management
The computer comes with power management features that extend battery operating time and
conserve power. The computer supports the following power management features: ■ Standby ■
Hibernation ■ Setting customization by the user ■ Hotkeys for setting the level of performance ■
Battery calibration ■ Lid switch standby/resume ■ Power button ■ Advanced Configuration and
Power Management (ACPM).
5. External Components. The external components on the front of the computer are shown below.
Operations Manual
The operations manual is the documentation by which an organization provides guidance

for members an d employees to perform their functions correctly and reasonably efficiently. It
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documents approved standard procedures for performing operations safely to produce goods
and provide services.
The operations manual can be a digital or paper document. Digital format has advantages
for revision control and can be distributed easily and at low cost.The detail should be sufficient to
allow a competent person without specific experience to understand what is needed and how it is
to be done. It is not a training manual, too much or too little detail can make it inefficient.
You should include policies for:
▪ Administration ▪
Sales
▪ Customer Service ▪
Fulfillment
▪ HR
▪ Marketing
▪ Safety and security
▪ Maintenance and repair
Certifications
The technical expertise in testing and certifying computers and workstations against
national and international standards gives the confidence to efficiently bring new and updated
products to market. Testing a broad spectrum of products, including desktop computers,
notebooks, laptops, commercials printers, displays, tablets, and more.
• Expertise with key standards for the industry, including the hazard-
based standard.
• Offering a broad range of services including cybersecurity, functional
safety evaluations, electromagnetic compatibility testing, and more
QUALITY STANDARDS
Standard is a set of specifications for hardware or software, agreed upon by academic and industry
contributors. Common examples of standards include multiple IEEE standards for electrical interfaces
(computer cables), ANSI for programming languages, and VESA for computer monitors and video adapters.
The intent of standards is to provide at least minimum quality, safety or performance specifications so as to
ensure relatively uniform products and performance, and to remove ambiguity as to the suitability of certain
commercial products for particular applications. One of the element of quality standard is to access work were in
continuously check completed work against workplace standards relevant to the operation being undertaken.
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Demonstrate an understanding of how the work activities and completed work relate to the next production
process or processes and to the final products concerned. Identify and isolate faulty pieces/components or final
products/batches. Record and/or report the faults and any identified causes to the supervisor concerned where
required in accordance with workplace.
1. HARDWARE
It covers all parts of a computer that are tangible

objects. Personal computers, laptops, monitors/displays,
circuits, power supplies, cables, keyboards, printers,
scanners, video, camera and mice are all hardware.
The intended application of the hardware will help
determine the needs. The factors to consider when
choosing hardware include the purpose, specific
application needs, budget considerations and
maintenance needs. There are many pieces of
hardware to consider, including but not limited to
workstations, CPU, laptops, tablets, memory (how much),
storage needs, networking capabilities, video and audio needs,
printing needs, DVD capabilities, projector needs and
scanning needs.
Factors that help determine hardware needs:
• Purpose of the use of the hardware – single user, instructional use, lab work, will the
hardware be reused or is it disposable, who are the users (tech savvy or novice), are
there infection control issues if used for patient care, etc.
• Specific application of the hardware – helps you determine the type of hardware, the
size of the operating system, need to share resources
• Budget – how much money is allocated for purchase
• Maintenance-who will maintain the hardware, how much maintenance will be needed,
who will install updates, etc.
Some aspects to consider when determining hardware needs:

• Workstation hardware needs-what type of monitor and keyboard, wall mounted, desk
type or mobile. Processing power, memory, storage needs, audio and video needs.
• Server hardware needs-type will depend on the use, have to consider size of application,
printing, storage
• Networking related issues, Ethernet, cables, hubs, switches
• Printing and other peripherals (scanners, imaging, video, audio, printers, speakers,
headsets, webcam, etc). Type of printers, color, laser, size of paper, number of users
that can and need to access printing capabilities.
• Power need, how much power, via outlets or power strips
• Ergonomic needs of users, accessibility needs, special equipment for monitor glare,
special keyboards, adjustable height of equipment
• Future upgrades, how will upgrades be handled, who will install them
• Layout of room or location of hardware-how many users will be using hardware, is there
enough room, how should the hardware be set up what is the layout
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2. PRODUCTION PROCESS
In production process, checking of quality assurance must be highly considered. Quality

assurance covers all activities from design, development, production, installation, servicing and
documentation. This introduced the rules: "fit for purpose" and "do it right the first time". It
includes the regulation of the quality of raw materials, assemblies, products and components;
services related to production; and management, production, and inspection processes.
A. FAILURE TESTING
A valuable process to perform on a whole consumer
product is failure testing, the operation of a product
until it fails, often under stresses such as increasing
vibration, temperature and humidity. This exposes
many unanticipated weaknesses in a product, and
the data is used to drive engineering and
manufacturing process improvements.
B. STATISTICAL CONTROL
Many organizations use statistical process control to
bring the organization to Six Sigma levels of
quality, in other words, so that the likelihood
of an
unexpected failure is confined to six standard deviations on the normal distribution.
Traditional statistical process controls in manufacturing operations usually proceed by
randomly sampling and testing a fraction of the output. Variances of critical tolerances are
continuously tracked, and manufacturing processes are corrected before bad parts can be
produced.
C. COMPANY QUALITY
The company-wide quality approach places an emphasis on three aspects:
1. Elements such as controls, job management,

adequate processes, performance and integrity
criteria and identification of records
2. Competence such as knowledge, skills,

experience and qualifications
3. Soft elements, such as personnel integrity,

confidence, organizational culture, motivation,
team spirit and quality relationships.
The quality of the outputs is at risk if any of these three aspects are deficient in any way.
D. TOTAL QUALITY CONTROL

Total Quality Control is the most necessary inspection control of all in cases where,
despite statistical quality control techniques or quality improvements implemented, sales
decrease. As the most important factor had been ignored, a few refinements had to be
introduced:
20
1. Marketing had to carry out their work properly and define the customer’s specifications.
2. Specifications had to be defined to conform to these requirements.
3. Conformance to specifications i.e. drawings,
standards and other relevant documents, were
introduced during manufacturing, planning and control.
4. Management had to confirm all operators are equal
to the work imposed on them and holidays, celebrations
and disputes did not affect any of the quality levels.
5. Inspections and tests were carried out, and all
components and materials, bought in or otherwise,
conformed to the specifications, and the measuring
equipment was accurate, this is the responsibility of the
QA/QC department.
6. Any complaints received from the customers were
satisfactorily dealt with in a timely manner.
7. Feedback from the user/customer is used to review
designs.
8. Consistent data recording and assessment and documentation integrity. 9.

Product and/or process change management and notification.
To conclude, the above forms are the basis from which the philosophy of Quality
Assurance has evolved, and the achievement of quality or the “fitness-for-purpose” is “Quality
Awareness” throughout the company.
3. FINAL PRODUCT
The table below shows the Quality System Elements required by ISO 9000 in the making of
the final product.
Quality System Requirements Contents

1. Management responsibility Define and document commitment,
policy and objectives, responsibility
and authority, verification resources
and personnel. Appoint a management
representative and conduct regular
reviews of the system
2. Quality System Establish and maintain a documented
quality system ensuring that products
conform to specified requirements
3. Contact Review Ensure that customer's contractual
requirements are evaluated and met
4. Product Development Plan, control and verify product
development to ensure that specified
requirements are met
21
Quality System Contents
Requirements
5. Document Control System for control and identification of all
documents regarding quality, e.g. procedures,
instructions, and specifications
6. Purchasing Ensure that purchased products conform to
specified requirements
7. Product identification and System to identify and control traceability of
traceability product at all stages from raw materials through
production to the final product as delivered to
the customer
8. Process control Ensure and plan the control of production which
directly effects quality by documented work
instructions, monitoring and control of processes
9. Inspection and Testing Inspect and test incoming products, intermediate
and final product; establish product
conformance to specified requirements and
identify non-conforming pro-ducts; maintain
inspection and test records
10. Inspection, measuring Selection and control of equipment to ensure
and test equipment reliability and accuracy in measuring data
11. Inspection and test status For the whole process the products shall be
identified and clearly marked concerning test
status, including indication of conformance or
non-conformance
12. Control of non- Identification, documentation, evaluation,
conforming products isolation (if possible) and disposition of non-
conforming products
13. Corrective actions Prevention of reoccurrence of failures (non-
conformance)
14. Handling, storage Protection of the quality of the product during
packaging and hand-ling, storage, packaging and delivery
15. Quality records Records, including those which demonstrate that
the specified requirements have been met, shall
be control-led and maintained
16. Internal Quality Audits Regular, planned internal audits shall be carried
out, documented and recorded to verify the
effectiveness of the quality system
17. Training Training requirements at all levels shall be
identified and the training planned, conducted
and recorded
18. Cleaning and Although not required by the ISO 9000
Disinfection standards, these two points should be given
special attention in all food companies
22
4. CUSTOMER SERVICE
Customer service is the act of taking care of

the customer's needs by providing and
delivering professional, helpful, high
quality service and assistance before, during,
and after the customer's requirements are
met. Customer service is meeting the needs
and desires of any customer. According to
Turban et al, 2002, “Customer service is a
series of activities designed to enhance the
level of customer’s satisfaction – that is, the
feeling that a product or service has met the
customer’s expectation”. Its importance varies
by product, industry and customer.
CHECKING PROCESS
Quality control (QC) is a procedure or set of procedures

intended to ensure that a manufactured product or
performed service adheres to a defined set of quality
criteria or meets the requirements of the client or customer.
Quality control (QC) is a process by which entities
review the quality of all factors involved in
production. ISO 9000 defines quality control as "A
part of quality management focused on fulfilling
quality requirements". It is a Software Engineering process
used to ensure quality in a product or a service. It does not
deal with the processes used to create a product; rather it
examines the quality of the "end products" and the final
outcome. The main aim of Quality control is to check
whether the products meet the specifications and
requirements of the customer. If an issue or problem is
identified, it needs to be fixed before delivery to the
customer. QC also evaluates people on their quality level
skill sets and imparts training and certifications. This
evaluation is required for the service based organization
and helps provide "perfect" service to the customers.
This approach places emphasis on three aspects (enshrined in standards such as ISO 9001)
1. Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed

processes, performance and integrity criteria, and identification of records
2. Competence, such as knowledge, skills, experience, and qualifications
3. Soft elements, such as personnel, integrity, confidence, organizational
culture, motivation, team spirit, and quality relationships.
23
The quality control procedure
1. Specific standards the product or service must meet. Then the extent of QC actions must be
determined – for example, the percentage of units to be tested from each lot.
2. Real-world data must be collected. Such as the percentage of units that fail and the results
reported to management personnel.
3. Corrective actions must be decided upon and taken. . For example, defective units must be
repaired or rejected, and poor service repeated at no charge until the customer is satisfied. If too
many unit failures or instances of poor service occur, a plan must be devised to improve the
production or service process; then that plan must be put into action.
4. The QC process must be ongoing to ensure that remedial efforts, if required, have produced
satisfactory results and to immediately detect recurrences or new instances of trouble.
Quality Assurance (QA) is defined as an activity to ensure that an organization is providing the
best possible product or service to customers. QA focuses on improving the processes to deliver
Quality Products to the customer. An organization has to ensure, that processes are efficient and
effective as per the quality standards defined for software products. Quality Assurance is
popularly known as QA Testing. Quality assurance (QA) can be defined as "part of quality
management focused on providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled."
The confidence provided by quality assurance is twofold—internally to management and
externally to customers, government agencies, regulators, certifiers, and third parties. An
alternate definition is "all the planned and systematic activities implemented within the quality
system that can be demonstrated to provide confidence that a product or service will fulfill
requirements for quality.
How to do Quality Assurance: Complete Process
Quality Assurance (QA) has been called PDCA cycle or Deming cycle. The phases of this
cycle are:
Plan - Organization should plan and

establish the process related objectives and
determine the processes that are required to
deliver a high-Quality end product.
Do - Development and testing of Processes
and also "do" changes in the processes
Check - Monitoring of processes, modify
the processes, and check whether it meets
the predetermined objectives
Act - Implement actions that are necessary
to achieve improvements in the processes.
24
Quality assurance and quality control are two aspects of quality
management. While some quality assurance and quality control activities
are interrelated the two are defined differently. Typically, QA activities and
responsibilities cover virtually all the quality system in one fashion or
another, while QC is subset of the QA activities.
Quality System, Quality Assurance, and Quality Control Relationships
Difference between Quality Control

and Quality Assurance?
Sometimes, QC is confused with the QA.

Quality control is to examine the product
or service and check for the result. Quality
assurance is to examine the processes and
make changes to the processes which led
to the end-product.
Examples of QC and QA activities are as follows:
Quality Control Activities Quality Assurance Activities

Walkthrough Quality Audit
Testing Defining Process
Inspection Tool Identification and Section
Checkpoint Review Training of Quality Standards and Processes
RECORDS AND DOCUMENTS

All records are documents but not all documents are records. Many records start out as
documents and then become records when they are finalized. For example, an empty form is a
document and then after it is filled in becomes a record.
ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES

Organizations use policies and procedures to outline rules and to outline courses of
action to deal with problems. Organization policies and procedures make employees
understand the organizations views and values on specific issues, and what will occur if
they are not followed. Policies are general statements of how an organization want to
behave and procedures define exactly how to do a task or perform step by step. A policy can be
security related and can be used to identify risks and mitigate risks.
25
Organization has policies to implement physical security and prevent unauthorized access
inside the office premise. The policies are applicable to everyone in the organization and general
public and must be followed strictly, without deviation. Policy may state that public can access
only up to the reception and beyond reception only employees are allowed. Procedure is the step-
by-step instructions given to the reception area how to deal with anyone who is trying to cross
reception and trying to enter inside the office.
Policies and Procedures: All employees must identify themselves using two-factors;
presenting identification card and biometric fingerprint scan before entering inside the office
premises.
1). All employees must present their identity card.
2) The security guard must thoroughly check the employee’s name, picture, signature
and card issuer's signature in the identity card to make sure that he is an employee of the
company. After checking, the employee will do his biometrics.
3) The face of the employee must be clearly visible in the identity card for
security purposes.
4) Once the security identifies the employee; he has to scan his fingerprint to access
the office.
5) If the employee’s face is not similar with that in the identity card the security guard
should contact the senior officer or the Human Resources Department for verification.
6) If any person who is trying to enter the office without any prove that he is an
employee; he will be guided off.
MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTION MANUAL
How to find instruction manuals for computers, phones and other

gadgets online. Lost the manual for your computer, smartphone,
camera or HD TV? All is not lost, as most necessary documentation
is now easy to find online. Computers, gadgets and domestic
appliances may be getting easier to use, but most of us still rely on
a manual of some kind to get us started. So there are few things
more frustrating discovering that you’ve misplaced one when you
need to find out how to use a particular feature. Fortunately, help is
always at hand online. So if you’ve long since lost a manual, or just want to know how to do
something that a manual doesn’t make clear, here are a few alternative solutions.
Before you start

It always helps to know what you’re searching for, so
make a note of the product model number before you turn
to your computer. This will usually be printed on the
box and on a (usually difficult to access) part of the
product itself, but make sure you get the full product
name. Epson many make inkjet printers and Samsung
LED HDTVs, for example, but both provide much more
detail than that.
26
Start at the manufacturer’s website
The first port of call for a missing manual should always

be the original manufacturer’s website. Most have
customer support sections with downloads of all kinds,
including digital copies of user manuals. You might have to
do a bit of digging on some sites and make use of the
search function to find what you want, but it’s rare to find
nothing for products that are relatively recent.
Try a Google search
Some web sites can be all but unusable when it comes to finding information for a particular
product, but you can usually shortcut the painful process with a Google search.
You might need a little lateral thinking here, since one

manufacturers ‘user manual’ might be another’s ‘operating
instructions’, although Google is usually pretty good at
knowing what you want even when you’re using
different words. Don’t forget that you can also use Google
to search within a site by appending “site: site-name”
after the term your searching for, for example: manual
download site :www.panasonic.eu
Find a manual manually
Many manuals were around long before the web and so digital copies can be hard to come
by — at least through official channels. Thankfully, quite a few foresighted people have scanned
countless printed manuals and made them available online, so you just know where to look.
FORMS
It refers to an appearance that can be recognized. Forms are often used to mean an area
defined by contour without regard to other identifying qualities or materials.
Example of Log Report Form (to be completed by the quality checker)
Date Received O.R. Item Name Quantity Signature Quality Checker
#
27
Example of Assessment of Materials Received FORM (to be completed by the Quality
checker)
Quality Checker Date:
Item Name Total number in Total number of Comments

good condition errors
Let’s Dig In
A. Directions. Provide any service and operational manual of electrical appliance available to
your home and write the most important information found in the manual book.
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4 9.
5. 10.
B. Directions: Below are the characteristics of checking process. Identify each of the
following as quality control or quality assurance. Write your answer in the correct
column.
Quality Control Quality Assurance

1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.
Staff Function Testing Fine Detects Walkthrough Proactive

Defining Process Product Prevent Defects Line Function Quality Audit
28
C. Directions: You are assigned to be the Quality checker for the Month of June. Make a Log Report,
and Assessment Report using the following data below. Make sure you will record all the items listed
and if they are in good condition or not. Write your answer on a sheet of paper.
1. - June 9, 2018
- 5 Hard disk, 2 128MB SDRAM memory chips
- Received from Jun Salcedo (PC chain), OR #20256
- Found out that 1 Hard disk has error need for replacement
2. - June 15, 2018

- Refill ink cartridge from STARINK Shop, OR# 5623
3. - June 20, 2018

- 10 PS/2 keyboard, 10 Optic mouse, 2 power supply
- Received from Allan Rivera (Octagon), OR#12544
- 3 defective keyboard need replacement
4. - June 28, 2018

- 2 CD-Rom drive
- Received from Jun Salcedo (PC Chain), OR#20400
Let’s Remember
1. Identify and use documentation relative to quality within the prescribe standard.
2. Check completed work against workplace standards relevant to the task undertaken.
3. Identify and isolate errors
4. Record information on the quality and other indicators of production performance in
accordance to workplace procedures.
5. Document and report cases of deviations from specific quality standards
according to the workplace procedures.
29
Let’s Apply
Directions: Give the uses of the following. Write your answer on the separate sheet.
1. Service Manual
2. Operations Manual
3. Certifications
4. Hardware
5. Customer Service
Let’s Evaluate
A. Direction: Supply the given specifications of any electrical appliances.

1. Model
2. Brand
3. Device
4. Size
5. Document
6. Horse power (hp)
7. Wattage
8. Voltage
9. Ampere
10. Date
B . D i r e c t i o n s : Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is not
correct on the space before the number.
_____ 1.Standards are set of rules that describe quality of materials, product or system.
_____ 2.Quality assurance does not cover all the activities from design, development,
up to documentation.
_____ 3.Customer service is a series of activities designed to enhance the level of
customer satisfaction.
_____ 4.Customer service is not important in the company’s customer value proposition.
_____ 5.The durability of the work do not depend on the skills of those who install it.
_____ 6.Establish and maintain a documented quality system ensuring that products conform
to specified requirements
_____ 7.Ensure that customer's contractual requirements are not evaluated and met
_____ 8.Selection and control of equipment to ensure reliability and accuracy in measuring
data
_____ 9.Protection of the quality of the product during handling, storing, packaging and
delivering.
_____10.Training requirements at all levels shall be identified, planned and recorded.
30
C. Directions. Identify the following. Write your answer on the space provided.
_____1. Established the rules of conduct within an organization, outlining the responsibilities
of both employees and employers.
_____2. This is used to mean an area defined by contour without regard to other identifying
qualities or materials.
_____3. It is an instructional book or that is supplied with almost all technologically advanced
consumer products such as home appliances and computer peripherals
_____4. This is used to find information for a particular product, but you can usually shortcut
the painful process with any browser search.
_____5. This is a database entry that may contain one or more values.
Let’s Extend
Directions: List down all the safety and work procedures in using electrical appliance. Write your
31
References
• http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/perform/process.html
• https://blog.triaster.co.uk/blog/introducing-it-continuous-improvement
• https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/acsi-pc-customer-satisfaction-hit-by-
high-prices-and-lack-of-innovation-300525253.html
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customer_satisfaction
• https://www.getfeedback.com/resources/online-surveys/7-samples-of-feedback-
forms-for-customers-that-actually-work/
• https://www.talentlyft.com/en/blog/article/288/8-examples-of-giving-positive-
feedback-to-employees
• https://www.jotform.com/form-templates/supervisor-evaluation-
form • https://www.jotform.com/form-
templates/category/feedback
• https://www.score.org/blog/how-establish-quality-control-
processes • http://9001quality.com/quality-procedures-iso-9001-
standard/
• https://www.projectmanager.com/blog/quality-assurance-and-testing
• https://www.appian.com/bpm/process-improvement-organizational-
development/ • https://www.notebookcheck.net/Guide-How-to-check-a-new-
laptop-for-issues.232476.0.html
• https://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/128796/%20Valtanen_Petri.pdf.pdf?sequ
ence=1&isAllowed=y
•https://www.explainingcomputers.com/hardware.html
•https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/w/wire.htm
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuit
• https://leapfrogservices.com/16-common-computer-problems-how-to-tell-if-
theyre-hardware-or-software/
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operations_manual
• https://www.csagroup.org/testing-certification/product-areas/information-
communication-technology-ict/computers-and-workstations/
• http://h10032.www1.hp.com/ctg
32
MODULE 2 WEK 3 and 4
Let’s Learn
This module is thoroughly designed to learn more about applying quality standards. It helps
the learners to demonstrate an understanding of concepts and underlying principles in applying
This module has two learning competencies/outcomes namely:
Week 3: Applying Quality Standard
LO3: Engage in quality improvement

1. Process improvement procedure
2. Monitoring performance operation
3. Checking quality output procedures
Week 4: Performing Computer Operations
LO 1. Plan and prepare for task to be undertaken

1. Operational health and safety (OHS) guidelines and procedures
2. Computer hardware
3. Computer application software

1. Engage in quality improvement
2. Identify the Occupational Health and Safety Policies and Procedures in planning for
installation activity.
3. Explain each Computer Hardware
4. Appreciate the importance of hardware and software according to task assigned and
required outcome.
33
WEEK 3
LO3: ENGAGE IN QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
Let’s Recall
Directions: Complete the diagram below. Write the characteristic of a quality control and
quality assurance on each box.
Let’s Explore
Directions: Answer the following. Write your answer on the separate sheet.
Guide Questions
1. What makes a feedback form work?
2. Why is it important to give positive feedback to your employees?
Let’s Elaborate
PROCESS IMPROVEMENT PROCEDURE
Process Improvement Procedure is the proactive task of identifying, analyzing and

improving upon existing business processes within an organization for optimization and to
meet new quotas or standards of quality. It often involves a systematic approach which
follows a specific methodology but there are different approaches to be considered. Processes
34
can either be modified or complemented with sub-processes or even eliminated for the goal
of improvement.
Process Improvement is an ongoing practice and should always be followed up with

the analysis of tangible areas of improvement. When implemented successfully, the results
can be measured in the enhancement of product quality, customer satisfaction, customer
loyalty, increased productivity, development of the skills of employees, efficiency and
increased profit resulting in higher and faster return on investment (ROI).
CONTINOUS PROCESS IMPROVEMENT
Quality is a never-ending quest and Continuous Process Improvement (CPI) is a

never-ending effort to discover and eliminate the main causes of problems. It accomplishes
this by using small-steps improvements, rather than implementing one huge improvement.
The Japanese have a term for this called kaizen which involves everyone, from the hourly
workers to top management.
CPI means making things better. It is NOT fighting fires. Its goal is NOT to blame
people for problems or failures. It is simply a way of looking at how we can do our work
better. When we take a problem-solving approach, we often never get to the root causes
because our main goal is to put out the fire. But when we engage in process improvement, we
seek to learn what causes things to happen and then use this knowledge to:
• Reduce variation
• Remove activities that have no value to the organization
• Improve customer satisfaction
CPI Procedure
CPI has been described using a number of models. This manual will use the system
approach or ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implement, and Evaluate) model.
There are five phases in this model:
35
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROCESS
Manufacturers can choose from a variety of

tools to improve their quality processes. The trick is
to know which tools to use for each situation and
increasing the sophistication of the tools in the
repertoire. Easy to implement and follow up, the
most commonly used and well-known quality
process is the plan/do/check/act (PDCA) cycle
(Figure 1). Other processes are a takeoff of this
method, much in the way that computers today are
takeoffs of the original IBM system. The PDCA
cycle promotes continuous improvement and should
thus be visualized as a spiral instead of a closed
circle.
Another popular quality improvement process is the six-step PROFIT model in which
the acronym stands for:
P = Problem definition.
R = Root cause identification and analysis.
O = Optimal solution based on root cause(s).
F = Finalize how the corrective action will be implemented.
I = Implement the plan.
T = Track the effectiveness of the implementation and verify that the desired results are met.
If the desired results are not met, the cycle is repeated. Both the PDCA and the
PROFIT models can be used for problem solving as well as for continuous quality
improvement. In companies that follow total quality principles, whichever model is chosen
should be used consistently in every department or function in which quality improvement
teams are working. Once the basic problem-solving or quality improvement process is
understood, the addition of quality tools can make the process proceed more quickly and
systematically. Seven simple tools can be used by any professional to ease the quality
improvement process: flowcharts, check sheets, Pareto diagrams, cause and effect diagrams,
histograms, scatter diagrams, and control charts. (Some books describe a graph instead of a
flowchart as one of the seven tools.)
The key to successful problem resolution is the ability to identify the problem, use the
appropriate tools based on the nature of the problem, and communicate the solution quickly
to others. Inexperienced personnel might do best by starting with the Pareto chart and the
cause-and-effect diagram before tackling the use of the other tools.
FLOWCHARTS
Flowcharts describe a process in as much detail as possible by

graphically displaying the steps in proper sequence. A good flowchart
should show all process steps under analysis by the quality
improvement team, identify critical process points for control, suggest
areas for further improvement, and help explain and solve a problem.
36
Flowcharts can be simple, such as the one featured in Figure 2, or they can be made
up of numerous boxes, symbols, and if/then directional steps. In more complex versions,
flowcharts indicate the process steps in the appropriate sequence, the conditions in those
steps, and the related constraints by using elements such as arrows, yes/no choices, or if/then
statements.
CHECK SHEETS
Check sheets help organize data by category. They

show how many times each particular value occurs, and
their information is increasingly helpful as more data are
collected. More than 50 observations should be available
to be charted for this tool to be really useful. Check sheets
minimize clerical work since the operator merely adds a
mark to the tally on the prepared sheet rather than writing
out a figure (Figure 3). By showing the frequency of a
particular defect (e.g., in a molded part) and how often it
occurs in a specific location, check sheets help operators
spot problems. The check sheet example shows a list of
molded part defects on a production line covering a week's
time. One can easily see where to set priorities based on
results shown on this check sheet. Assuming the
production flow is the same on each day, the part with the largest number of defects carries
the highest priority for correction.
PARETO DIAGRAMS
The Pareto diagram is named after Vilfredo Pareto, a

19th-century Italian economist. are caused by 20% of the
potential sources.
A Pareto diagram puts data in a hierarchical order (Figure 4),
which allows the most significant problems to be corrected
first. The Pareto analysis technique is used primarily to
identify and evaluate nonconformities, although it can
summarize all types of data. It is perhaps the diagram most
often used in management presentations.
To create a Pareto diagram, the operator collects random data,
regroups the categories in order of frequency, and creates a bar graph based on the results.
CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAMS
The cause-and-effect diagram is

sometimes called an Ishikawa diagram after
its inventor. It is also known as a fish bone
diagram because of its shape. A cause-and-
effect diagram describe a relationship
between variables. The undesirable
outcome is shown as effect, and related
causes are shown leading to, the said effect.
This popular tool has one severe limitation,
37
however, in that users can overlook important, complex interactions between causes. Thus,
if a problem is caused by a combination of factors, it is difficult to use this tool to depict
and solve it.
A fish bone diagram displays all contributing factors and their relationships to the outcome to
identify areas where data should be collected and analyzed. The major areas of potential
causes are shown as the main bones, Later, the subareas are depicted. Thorough analysis of
each cause can eliminate causes one by one, and the most probable root cause can be selected
for corrective action. Quantitative information can also be used to prioritize means for
improvement, whether it be to machine, design, or operator.
HISTOGRAMS
The histogram plots data in a frequency distribution

table. What distinguishes the histogram from a check sheet
is that its data are grouped into rows so that the identity of
individual values is lost. Commonly used to present quality
improvement data, histograms work best with small
amounts of data that vary considerably. When used in
process capability studies, histograms can display
specification limits to show what portion of the data does
not meet the specifications.
After the raw data are collected, they are grouped in
value and frequency and plotted in a graphical form (Figure
6). A histogram's shape shows the nature of the distribution
of the data, as well as central tendency (average) and variability. Specification limits can be
used to display the capability of the process.
SCATTER DIAGRAM
A Scatter diagram shows how to variables are

related and is thus used to test for cause and effect
relationships. It cannot prove that one variable causes
the change in the other, only that a relationship exists
and how strong it is. In a scatter diagram, the horizontal
(x) axis represents the measurement values of one
variable, and the vertical (y) axis represents the
measurements of the second variable. Figure 7 shows
part clearance values on the x-axis and the
corresponding quantitative measurement values on the
y-axis.
CONTROL CHART
A control chart displays statistically determined upper and lower
limits drawn on either side of a process average. This chart shows if the
collected data are within upper and lower limits previously determined
through statistical calculations of raw data from earlier trials (Figure 8).
38
In preparing a control chart, the mean upper control limit (UCL) and lower control limit (LCL) of
an approved process and its data are calculated. A blank control chart with mean UCL and LCL
with no data points is created; data points are added as they are statistically calculated from the raw
data.
MONITORING PERFORMANCE OPERATIONS
1. Customer Satisfaction.
Customer satisfaction (often abbreviated as CSAT) is a term
frequently used in marketing. It is a measure of how products and
services supplied by a company meet or surpass customer
expectation. Customer satisfaction is defined as "the number of
customers, or percentage of total customers, whose reported
experience with a firm, its products, or its services (ratings)
exceeds specified satisfaction goals.
2. Customer Feedback Form
We know that customer’s opinions and
feedback are important because they impact
the sustainability of a company throughout its
lifecycle. Listening to your customers pays
off- you’ll learn about their pain points which
will help you to improve your product,
making it more useful to current and potential
users. This is an essential part of a company’s
growth.
Even though we know how important
understanding your customers’ needs are, we
often fail in designing surveys and forms that
work–forms that are easy for customers to fill
in and for your team to process and extract
conclusions from. It’s not uncommon for
companies to struggle to gather feedback that
is useful or even get enough responses. In this
article, you’ll find samples of feedback forms
for your customers that will help you get more
responses and more useful feedback to
improve your business.
A good feedback form will get you plenty of answers. Follow these tips to design
feedback surveys.
• Make intentional questions. There’s no point in spending time designing a great

feedback form if you don’t know why you’re asking what you’re asking—you’ll be
wasting your time and your customer’s. Be sure to be intentional: do your research
about what information you’ll need to get from your customer to allow you to
improve a product.
• Timing matters. Sending a survey, or surfacing a feedback form, at the right moment
will get you more answers. For example, asking for feedback on a live chat
experience is something worth doing. The timing is ideal as the person has just been
39
assisted by an agent and the interaction is still fresh in their mind. Compare that
experience to sending a feedback form for a physical product immediately after the
customer placed an online order. It’s unlikely they will go back to find the feedback
form after the product arrives.
• Give customers voice. This tip is also related to being intentional: you need to prove
that your user’s feedback won’t be put in a folder and forgotten. Don’t ask about
someone’s feelings towards a product if you know you won’t care about their opinion
enough to consider making any changes to that product. Your customers need to know
that their opinion is heard and taken.
• Use the forms as if they were one of your products. Surveys are also a way for a brand
to present itself in front of consumers. Make sure your form is customized using your
colors and logos so that you also communicate your identity through the survey. This
way, your clients will remember who they are taking the survey for, and your
respondents know who you are when they choose to reply to your questions.
• Good feedback forms have good design. Even if you’re not a designer, there are some
basic design principles that you can follow to make your survey easy to use and
visually appealing to your customer.
3. Co-workers feedback
Positive feedback is a powerful and an effective tool that should be a part of every
manager’s toolkit. GALLUP researchers have studied human behavior for decades and
discovered that building employees' strengths by giving them positive feedback is a far more
effective approach than a fixation on weaknesses.
An organizational psychologist Dr. Marcial Losada did very interesting research and
discovered that in high performing teams the ratio of positive and negative feedback was
around 6 to 1. This means that the average employee ideally needs 6 positive pieces of
feedback for every negative review received.
Benefits of Positive Feedback
1. Higher employee engagement

A Gallup survey found that 67% of employees whose managers focused on their
strengths were fully engaged in their work, as compared to only 31% of employees whose
managers focused on their weaknesses.
2. Improved employee productivity

A Gallup study of 530 work units with productivity data found that teams with
managers who received strengths feedback showed 12.5% greater productivity post-
intervention than teams with managers who received no feedback.
3. Lower turnover rate

In one study of 65,672 employees, Gallup found that those who received strengths
feedback had turnover rates that were 14.9% lower than for employees who received no
feedback (controlling for job type and tenure).
4. Greater profitability
In a study of 469 business units ranging from retail stores to large manufacturing
facilities, Gallup found that units with managers who received strengths feedback showed
40
8.9% greater profitability post-intervention relative to units in which the manager received no
feedback.
A. Genuine
Don’t praise your employees just for the sake of it. People will see straight
through you and your whole relationship will be ruined. Give positive feedback to
your employees when you have a concrete reason. Be direct and honest.
B. Timely
Make sure that your feedback is timely, given in-the-moment. Don’t wait for a
scheduled meeting or a performance review to give your employees positive
feedback. Waiting to recognize your employees can leave them feeling as
though their hard work has gone unnoticed.
C. Specific
Gallup has found that employees are more likely to learn and grow when they
receive immediate feedback that is specific. Avoid giving vague praise and say
exactly what your employee did that you find commendable. Your feedback should
be crystal clear and to the point.
D. Focused on effort
When you give positive feedback, focus on your employees’ effort and
behavior (what they do) rather than on their personality traits or talent (what
they’re like). that way, you will encourage a growth mindset in your employees
and help them build determination and resilience.
E. Framed a bigger context

If you want to make your feedback more impactful and powerful, frame your
employees’ accomplishments in a bigger context. Explain the impact of their
achievement to others (colleagues and customers) and link it to your company’s
bottom line.
F. Followed with appropriate body language

Pay attention to your body language when you deliver positive feedback. How
you say things is just as important as what you’re saying. Make sure to smile, keep
eye contact and use appropriate facial expressions and hand gestures.
G. Amplified with a gesture

If you want to make your positive feedback even more powerful, you should
amplify it with a meaningful gesture. Think of a way to make your feedback special
and celebrate your employees’ success. Go for a walk in the nearby park, grab a
coffee or a box of candies and celebrate.
H. Personalized
Tailor your positive feedback to each of your employees. For example, some
employees feel great when they’re recognized in the public, while the other might
prefer receiving positive feedback privately. Get to know your employees and their
preferences.
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4. Supervisor Rating Sheet
A Supervisor Evaluation Form is a tool that is used

to evaluate the performance of a supervisor. The role of a
supervisor is vital to the company because they are the
immediate officers to ask if the employee needs help. A
supervisor should be able to motivate and influence the
team effectively to achieve a common goal.
This Supervisor Evaluation Form contains form
fields that ask about the supervisor's information,
leadership skills, management skills, and communication
skills. Each question under the skills can be scored from
one (1) which is the lowest to five (5) which is the highest.
It also has Long Text Entry fields for open-ended
questions related to each skill. Using the Form Calculation
widget, this form captures the overall rating performance
of the supervisor.
5. Suppliers Feedback
A supplier evaluation form is a type of a form which is used to measure the
evaluation process of the suppliers. Every organization evaluates the workings of the
suppliers. This form contains all the details that are needed for the evaluation process. Every
organization evaluates the working of their suppliers over a course of time. This form is the
best document for the process of evaluation.
Successful organizations depend on feedback, whether it comes from customers, the
public, your own employees or for your events. Thanks to feedback forms, you can gather
information and use it to build a better working environment, increase the efficiency of your
company, and provide more a valuable service. To ensure that you're getting proper
feedback, you need a feedback form template that captures all relevant information. With a
robust collection of feedback templates, you can either choose from one of our collections of
feedback form samples or start with a basic feedback form.
CHECKING QUALITY OUTPUT PROCEDURES
After reviewing the meaning and importance of a procedure

and understanding the link between a procedure and a process allow
me to discuss to the quality procedures. The goal of these procedures
is to make sure that the organization performs the minimum
requirements of the ISO 9001 Standard that suit all kinds of
organizations – from the low tech to the high-tech companies
Nothing is worse than getting a new notebook that has
problems right out of the box. Well, perhaps one thing: thinking
everything is fine only to discover defects after the return or exchange period is up!
This guide aims to walk you through a checklist of issues to run through with any
recently purchased laptop. If this check reveals any issues or defects, it's best to exchange
your unit for a new one (or, if the defect is found in all models, consider a different laptop
altogether). This guide will show you how to check for common issues in the screen, chassis,
keyboard, trackpad, and internals of a modern notebook.
42
A. Screen
Open the black background in your imaging program of choice and set it to full
screen. Turn your brightness up to maximum. Carefully examine the screen for any non-
black pixels; these may be stuck on as either red, green, or blue. While a stuck pixel used to
be very obvious when screens were 640 x 480, remember that on a high DPI screen (such as
QHD+ or UHD), the pixels are very tiny. As such, you will need to look a bit closer and
spend a little more time on this than you'd think. If there are no stuck pixels visible, open the
white background and conduct your inspection again. Make sure there are no pixels that
remain unlit. However, you still need to check for backlight bleed and uniform lighting. Open
the black background to full screen again and set your brightness level to maximum. Most
IPS panels have mild backlight bleeding because of the technology, but if you notice any
uneven or distractingly obvious beams of light, you may want to consider returning or
exchanging your laptop. A dark room and black background will make backlight bleed more
far more obvious than in any other situation, so keep that in mind when determining whether
it will bother you in day-to-day use. If your panel is not an IPS or VA then it shouldn't suffer
from much backlight bleed (if any at all). OLED panels, for example, are lit differently than
IPS, VA, or TN panels, and should have absolutely no backlight bleed. To check for even
lighting, use the white background and set it to full screen again. Look for any parts of the
screen that appear non-uniform in lighting or shade. Move around to observe the panel from
multiple angles. Finally, just to be sure, repeat the test with the light blue background (I find
that a light blue background helps bring out any "hot spots" or issues with the back surface of
the LCD.
Use this black background to check for Use this white background to check for To be through, use this light blue
stuck pixels and bac klight bleed. dead pixels or uneven lighting. background to check for any
abnormalities as well.
Chassis
Although the presence of a scratch or dent has no effect on performance, nobody
wants to have a laptop with a physical defect out of the box. It's unsightly to be sure, more
importantly, it will drastically reduce the value of your machine should you wish to sell it in
the future. Check the top panel, display surface, palm rests, bottom panel, and edges for any
nicks, scratches, or dents. At the very least, even if you find something minor that you can
live with, there's a good chance you can call up the OEM and get a discount for your trouble.
Check for misaligned ports as well. It isn't just a matter of peripherals not plugging in
smoothly; a misaligned port with the outer chassis means that the internals will be put under
physical stress by the plugging and unplugging of your accessories. Through time, this can
lead to physical board damage. If you find significant (more than 1mm or so) misalignment
between the board and chassis, you're better off returning or exchanging your laptop.
Misaligned ports on a Dell XPS 15 9550. The chassis on MSI GS63VR. The vent not sitting flush with
43
(Source: Dell Community Forum: the exciter)
Bulging chassis on an MSI GS63VR. Gap between the bezel and screen on a Gigabyte Sabre 15.
B. Keyboard
The keyboard is the method of interaction you'll generally be using most with your
laptop, so it's important to make sure that the typing experience is as it should be. Pressing
each and every key on the keyboard multiple times, check for consistency of feel. Each press
of a key should feel identical to the last, and the keys should also feel
identical to each other across the board. There should also certainly be
no sticking of keys on the way down or up. You'll want to spend extra
time testing your Enter, Shift, and Spacebar keys, as they are larger and
more prone to have issues.
C. Track Pad
If you've ever used a laptop with a Touchpad that
seems to do exactly the opposite of what you tell it to, you
know that a bad Touchpad alone can completely ruin the
user experience of a computer. The prevalence of
Touchpad using Microsoft's Precision drivers has helped
this somewhat, but the incorporation of a Precision
Touchpad over an ELAN or Synaptics one is still not a 100
percent guarantee of a perfect user experience. Spend some
time tracking the cursor around the screen to check for input lag and general responsiveness.
Try both left and right clicks to make sure they're properly registered each time. A very
common problem with some Touchpad is buggy scrolling; it is extremely frustrating if you
happen to be affected by it. Using your browser of choice, open a page with a lot of content
and use the two-finger swipe gesture to scroll up and down the page. If there's any
involuntary bouncing or loss of the scroll, you may have a defective Touchpad.
D. CPU and GPU Testing

Although it’s quite rare for a CPU or GPU to be defective out of the box, it’s still very
important to check these aspects of the laptop’s internals before the return period is up. A
CPU issue is extremely rare, but a GPU issue is slightly more common. What is most likely,
however, is simply poor cooling (such as a warped heatsink or insufficiently cooled
components) rather than defective silicon. Start with testing the CPU. Open Throttlestop so
you can monitor you core temperatures and using one of the stress programs while
monitoring for issues. Stressing the CPU should not cause a BSOD or crash a program like
Cinebench and TSBench, which would certainly be a red flag. Another warning sign to look
out for are significant temperature differences between the different cores of your CPU.
Generally, a temperature difference of 8C or more between cores is the sign of either a
warped heatsink or bad paste-job leading to uneven contact with the CPU die. Below are
some images of Throttlestop being used alongside TSBench and LinX. As you can see,
temperatures are uniform and clockspeed is maintained. (Source: Opto Crypto)
44
If your laptop has a dedicated GPU (such as an AMD or Nvidia card) then it’s
probably a good idea to run a stress test for the GPU as well as the CPU together. In fact,
most laptops will have a shared cooling solution — either there is one heatsink used to cool
both the CPU and the
GPU, or two separate heatsinks which connect to each
other (touching, but not the same piece of metal). at the
heat from stressing both components together will
significantly affect the ability of the laptop to cool
itself off.
Consumer laptops with dedicated GPUs, such as the
XPS 15, typically have a shared heatsink.
A Eurocom F5 Tornado with separate heatsinks.
Conversely, an idle GPU means that the CPU has
“extra” cooling power, and an idle CPU means that the GPU
has “extra” cooling power. In a separate cooler scenario, the
heat of one component doesn’t affect the heat of the other at
all, but again, this cooling setup is generally reserved for
enthusiastlevel gaming laptops. Please do note: running
Unigine Heaven and Valley while running TSBench or
Cinebench is likely to cause issues with loading new scenes
sometimes. The Unigine programs may appear to freeze, but
they will eventually load, so
don’t panic or force them closed. The reason is they require CPU time to load the new scenes,
and your CPU will be busy with Throttlestop (or your chosen CPU stress tool), so the
programs just hang until they get their CPU cycles sorted out.GPU-Z, Throttlestop, and
Unigine Heaven being run to test a mixed load on a heatsink. (Source: Christian Reverand)
As for the GPU alone, one should be able to run a series of benchmarks without issue.
Unigine Heaven and Valley, as well as 3DMark Firestrike (there is a free version) are good
tests (note that Unigine Valley and Heaven will improperly report GPU clockspeeds on
Pascal, instead constantly reporting maximum boost clocks even if your card is not attaining
it). Any artifacting (weird lines, triangles, flashing, etc) is a dead giveaway of a problem card.
There should also be no crashing. Another kind of problem indicating an error is a black
screen crash. This crash can go so far as to restart the PC as soon as it happens; your screen
will go black and then your PC will all of a sudden be booting up as if nothing happened. If
not overheating (90c+ on the video card) then this usually means that something on the video
card that is NOT the GPU core is overheating. VRMs (voltage regulation modules), Chokes,
and/or power phases are the likely culprit that cause these kinds of crashing and errors.
45
The Unigine Valley benchmark. (Source: Christian Reverand)
If your GPU drivers keep crashing for some reason, try other driver versions. For the
sake of testing, one should use DDU (Display
Driver Uninstaller) to clean and remove the driver in safe
mode (the program will offer the option to do so on its
own), to make sure any bad registry keys or anything left
over from the previous driver is completely gone. This
makes certain that if it happens over multiple drivers, the
problem is your video card rather than something on the
system The reasons these tests are chosen is because for
modern systems, they are relatively manageable in actual
system stress. They will indeed generally use your CPU
and GPU to the maximum utilization, certainly, but many
other
programs and situations will do far worse in terms of drawing power or producing heat. Some
of those programs are Linpack for the CPU, and Furmark or MSI Kombustor for the GPU.
These programs draw so much power, and produce so much heat that they are likely to over-
stress components (especially on a cheaper motherboard) as well as your cooling system, and
can heavily reduce the lifespan (or outright destroy) a system. To be clear, one tested system
using an i7-4800MQ drew an average of 46W using TSBench and an average of 85W using
Linpack. Even after overclocking and raising voltage, TSBench was only able to use around
60W from the processor. The tested system was top of the line and arguably has the best
laptop motherboard of its time of release and can handle that kind of CPU abuse; many other
systems would have failed outright, and pictures provided are only provided for factual
reference.
Let’s Dig In
A. Directions. Define the following. Write your answer on the separate sheet.
1. Quality
2. Flowchart
3. Check Sheet
4. Pareto Diagram
46
B. Directions: Write the tools, testing devices, and materials in improving quality processes
available to your home, classify them using a check sheet to determine their condition.
Conditions
Tools Good Defective
1.
2.
3.
Testing Devices
1.
2.
3.
Materials
1.
2.
3.
C. Directions: Make your own sample form. Choose from the given options and write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Customer Feedback Form

2. Supervisor Rating Sheet
3. Basic Supplier Form
Let’s Remember
1. Participate process improvement procedures in relative to workplace assignment.

2. Carry out work in accordance with process improvement procedures.
3. Monitor performance of operation or quality of product of service to ensure
customers’ satisfaction.
Let’s Apply
Directions: Fill in the important things to remember before purchasing a brand-new laptop.
1. Chassis
2. Screen
3. Keyboard
4. CPU
47
Let’s Evaluate
A. Directions: Identify each of the following. Write your answer on the space provided.
_____1. This is a display of statistically determined the upper and lower limit drawn on
either side of a process average.
_____2. It refers to two variables are related and is thus used to test for
cause-and-effect relationship
_____3. This process has checked the sheets data are grouped into rows and identity the
individual values is lost.
_____4. It is also known as a fish bone diagram because of its shape and describes a
relationship between variables.
_____5. It refers to a process in as much detail as possible by graphically displaying the
steps in proper sequence.
_____6. It’s generated solutions through brain-storming sessions and identify the
required resources to implement the chosen solution and baselines to
measure.
_____7. This is to formulate a detailed procedure for implementing the approved
solution.
_____8. This system approach is for building measurement tools, monitor
implementation, and evaluate measurements to baseline.
_____9. It refers to the execution of the solution.
_____10. Identify areas of opportunity and target specific problems.
Let’s Extend
Directions: Briefly answer the following questions. Write your answer on the space
provided.
1. As a computer servicing system student, how can you secure your money in
purchasing any electronic devices?
2. Find out what are the most used electronic devices today? Write their describe
similarities and differences with each other.
48
WEEK 4
Lesson Performing Computer Operations

2
Plan and Prepare for Task to be Undertaken
Let’s Try
Directions: True or False. Read the following Precautions and Procedures. Write TRUE if the
statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is incorrect.
_____1. Failure to do the proper jumper setting may cause damage to your CPU.
_____2. After adding and removing any other system components, make sure that you
unplug your power supply.
_____3. Test the computer, ensuring that it meets the necessary system requirements before
booting up.
_____4. With an effective cooling fan, the CPU can overheat and cause damage to both
CPU and the motherboard.
_____5. After starting the installation, carefully read the documentation and procedures on
any hardware and software settings that may be required.
Let’s Recall
Directions. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it is wrong. Write your
answers on a separate sheet of paper.
_______ 1. Selecting the best tool for each task requires training in the proper use of the
tools, field experience in their safe use, and following the manufacturer’s guidance and
instructions for that specific tool.
_______ 2. When obtaining the tool, all the associated tooling and consumable parts, as
recommended by the manufacturer, must be included.
_______ 3. The safe use of a tool depends on using the tool for the purpose for which it was
designed and also for other purposes where it can be used as substitute where tool is not
available.
_______ 4. All tools should be kept in good condition with regular maintenance.
_______ 5. Preparing for a task includes only knowing the task to be done.
49
Let’s Explore
Directions: Study the given picture below. Write what kind of hazard is shown and explain
briefly if it is hazardous to someone.
Let’s Elaborate
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Policy – An Information and
communication technology (ICT) student should know how to
behave when working in the computer laboratory, as well as
implement a safe way of accomplishing every task. Safety
practices should be learned early and always adheres in working
with any electrical and electronic device, including personal
computers and its peripherals. This is for your protection as well
as to the people working with you, and for the devices that you
are using. The basis for this process begins with Occupational
Health and Safety Policies.
Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a planned system of working to prevent illness
and injury where you work by recognizing and
identifying hazards and risks. Health and safety
procedure is the responsibility of all persons in the
computer and technology industries. You must
identify the hazards where you are working and
decide how dangerous they are. Eliminate the
hazard or modify the risk that it presents.
50
Occupational Health and Safety standards
Each student has a responsibility to their colleagues and their organization to report
and act upon any potential workplace hazard. Students need to be aware of the type of
hazards that are possibly present in their work environment.
Procedure
1. Identify the hazard
2. Clear the area close to the hazard
3. Partition the hazard off or clearly identify the area to protect other people from harm 4. If
the hazard is easily and safely cleared, then do so
If not…
5. Report the hazard to the appropriate person (such as teacher in charge, principal etc.) to
obtain assistance
6. Following clearing of the hazard fill out the correct documentation to assist in identifying
improved practice to reduce further incidence of hazards.
Safe Use of tools

Once selected, use the tool for the purpose for which it was designed. Not all tools
come with detailed instructions, but there are those that do spell out the safety ―Do’s and
Don’ts for the safety. If there are set-up/use options, operator judgment must always be based
on what is the safest way to use the tool.
Environmental Safety and Health Programs requires the following:
• All tools be kept in good condition with regular maintenance
• The right tool be used for the job
• Each tool be examined before use AND damaged or defective
tools NOT to be used
• Tools be operated according to manufacturer’s instructions
• The right protective equipment for the tool and activity be used
Computer Hardware
Keyboard A computer keyboard is an input device that allows a person to enter letters,
numbers, and other symbols (these are called characters in a keyboard) into a computer. It is
one of the most used input devices for computers.
Mouse
A computer mouse is a handheld hardware input device that controls a
cursor in a GUI (graphical user interface) and can move and select text,
icons, files, and folders on your computer.
51
Hard drive
A hard disk drive (sometimes abbreviated as a hard drive, HD, or HDD)
is a non-volatile data storage device. It is usually installed internally in a
computer, attached directly to the disk controller of the computer's
motherboard.
Monitor
It displays information in visual form, using text and graphics. The portion
of the monitor that displays the information is called the screen or video
display terminal.
System Unit
The system unit, also known as a "tower" or "chassis," is the main part of a
desktop computer. It includes the motherboard, CPU, RAM, and
other components. The system unit also includes the case that houses the
internal components of the computer.
Computer Application Software
As an aspiring computer technician, it is very important to know the
system that runs your computer and different devices attached to it. Each device plays an
important role, without each other computer system will not work properly.
An Operating System (OS) is a set of programs that manage computer hardware resources
and provide common services for application software. The operating system is a vital
component of the system software in a computer system. Application programs require an
operating system which are usually separate programs, but can be combined in simple
systems.
Operating systems can be classified as follows:
• Multi-user
Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time. Some operating systems
permit hundreds or even thousands of concurrent users. Linux Unix Windows 2000
• Multiprocessing
Supports running a program on more than one CPU. Linux Unix Windows 2000
• Multitasking
Allows more than one program to run concurrently. Unix Windows 2000 and
Windows multi point
• Multithreading
Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently. Linux Unix Windows
2000 and Windows 7
• Real time
Responds to input instantly. General-purpose operating systems, such as DOS and
UNIX, are not real-time.
52
User Interaction with the OS
As a user, you normally interact with the operating system through a set of
commands. For example, the DOS operating system contains commands such as COPY and
RENAME for copying files and changing the names of files, respectively. The commands are
accepted and executed by a part of the operating system called the command processor or
command line interpreter. Graphical user interfaces allow you to enter commands by pointing
and clicking at objects that appear on the screen.
Most Popular Desktop Operating Systems
The three most popular types of operating systems for personal and business
computing include Linux, Windows and Mac.
Windows is a family of operating systems for personal and business

computers. Windows dominates the personal computer world, offering a
graphical user interface (GUI), virtual memory management, multitasking, and
support for many peripheral devices
MAC OS is the official name of the Apple Macintosh operating system. Mac OS
features a graphical user interface (GUI) that utilizes windows, icons, and all
applications that run on a Macintosh computer have a similar user interface.
Linux is a freely distributed open-source operating system that runs on several
hardware platforms. The Linux kernel was developed mainly by Linus Torvalds,
and it is based on Unix.
O Q WE R T Y U I O P A S D F
Let’s Dig In P G H J K L Z X C V B N M Q W
E E R L T Y U I O P A S D F G
R E V I R D D R A H Z X C S V
A. Directions: Look for the five (5) A H J N K L Z X C V B N M WE
hidden computer hardware in the T B N U Q WE R T Y U I O O P
puzzle below. Encircle your answer.
I A S X D F G H J K L Z X D C
N C V B N M Q WE R T Y U N T
G Z X C V M B N M Q WE R I T
S Z X D R A O D Y E K C N WV
Y Q WE R T Y U D F G U H J K
S Z X C V B T N S M M Q R WE
T Z X C V B N M Q E WE O R T
E U I O P P A S T D F G T H J
M Z X C V B H S J K L Z I X C
Z X C V B N Y B N M Z X N C V
D F G H H S Q WE R T U O C V
B N M F D S G J Y D A T M A C
S M U L T I U S E R F G H H J
S D F G H T U R S R H C D V D
53
B. Directions: Matching Type. Match Column A with Column B and write your answer
below the number.
A B
_____1. It is called the official name of the Apple Macintosh
operating system. a. Operating System
_____2. It is a planned system of working to prevent illness and
injury where you work by recognizing and identifying hazards and b. MAC
risks.
_____3. It is a set of programs that manage computer c. Occupational Health and
hardware resources and provide common services for Safety
application software?
____4. It is also known as a tower or chassis. d. System Unit
____5. It allows different parts of a single program to e. Multithreading
concurrently.
C. Directions: Identify Precautions and Procedures. Write TRUE if the statement is correct
and FALSE if the statement is incorrect.
____1. Tools be operated according to manufacturer’s instructions.
____2. All tools be kept in good condition with regular maintenance.
____3. Partition the hazard off or clearly identify the area to protect other people from harm.
____4. The right protective equipment for the tool and activity be used.
____5. Each tool be examined before use AND damaged or defective tools NOT to be used.
Let’s Remember
Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Policy – An Information and communication

technology (ICT) student should know how to behave when working in the computer
laboratory, as well as implement a safe way of accomplishing every task.
• Occupational safety and health (OSH) are a planned system of working to prevent
illness and injury where you work by recognizing and identifying hazards and risks.
• Each student has a responsibility to their colleagues and their organization to report
and act upon any potential workplace hazard.
• All tools be kept in good condition with regular maintenance.
• The system unit, also known as a "tower" or "chassis," is the main part of a desktop
computer.
• An Operating System (OS) is a set of programs that manage computer hardware
resources and provide common services for application software.
• The three most popular types of operating systems for personal and business
computing include Linux, Windows a
54
Let’s Apply
Directions: Write OHS strategy to eliminate hazard based on the picture below. Write your
Let’s Evaluate
Directions: Name the picture or image below. Write your answer on the space provided.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Let’s Extend
Directions: Work with a classmate to evaluate your lifting technique. Use an empty box or
light school bag to practice. Alert your classmate if there is a way to improve his/her lifting
technique. Make sure to keep your back straight and lift with your knees.
55
References
• file:///C:/Users/DEPED/Desktop/div%20css%20writer/TLE-ICT-Computer-
HardwareServicing-Grade-9.pdf
• file:///C:/Users/DEPED/Desktop/div%20css%20writer/cssnciilearningmodule1709120
01325.pdf
• file:///C:/Users/DEPED/Desktop/div%20css%20writer/LO%201.pdf
• http://www.depedbataan.com/resources/9/k_to_12_pc_hardware_servicing_learning_
mo dule.pdf
• https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_(computer)
56
Module 3 Week 5 and 6
Let’s Learn
This module is thoroughly designed to learn more about applying quality standards. It
helps the learners to demonstrate an understanding of concepts and underlying principles in
applying quality standard in computer systems servicing.
This module has two learning competencies/outcomes namely:
Week 5
Input data into computer
LO1. Types of program/ application software
LO2. Storage devices
LO3. Work Ergonomics

1. Enter the data into the computer using appropriate
program/application in accordance with company procedures.
2. Check the accuracy of information and save the information in
accordance.
3. Store inputted data is in storage media according to requirements.
4. Perform work within ergonomic guidelines
Week 6
Access information using computer
LO1. Desktop icons
LO2. Keyboard techniques
1. Select correct program/application based on job requirements
2. Access program/application containing the information required
according to company procedures
3. Select, open, and close desktop for navigation purposes
57
WEEK 5
Let’s Try
Directions: Multiple Choice. Read the following statements then write your answer on the
space before each number.
_____1. What do you call a software or a device that allows users to create, edit, and print
documents?
a. Internet b. Web browse c. Word Processor d. Mobile data
_____2. It is also known as main memory. What is it?

a. Primary Storage b. Secondary storage c. HDD d. USB drive
_____3. Which device is usually the larges data storage in a computer?

a. Floppy disk b. Magnetic tape c. HDD d. DVD
_____4. It is a field of study that attempts to reduce strain, fatigue, and injuries?
a. Workstation b. Ergonomics c. Safety d. Procedures
_____5. What do call a device which is known as disconnected device?

a. Primary b. Secondary c. Offline d. Tertiary
_____6. It is a comprehensive computer storage system that is usually very slow.

a. Primary b. Secondary c. Offline d. Tertiary
_____7. It is less expensive than other storage mediums but commonly a slower solution that
is commonly used for backup.
a. DVD b. Magnetic Tape c. HDD d. DVD
_____8. Which storage media holds content in digital format and is read using a laser
assembly?
a. Optical Disc b. Magnetic Tape c. HDD d. DVD
_____9. Capable of holding up to 100 MB of data or 250 MB of data on new drives. What is
it?
a. Optical Disc b. Magnetic Tape c. HDD d. DVD
_____10. Which refer to a small, portable flash memory card that plugs into a computer’s
USB port and functions as portable hard drive?
a. Primary Storage b. Secondary Storage c. HDD d. USB Drive
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Lesson
Input Data into Computer
3
Your commands, ideas, demands and concepts form the data your system processes
and stores. Without user input, a computer simply takes up desktop space and waits for
directions, like a lost motorist with a broken-down car. Without input methods and devices,
your correspondence, reports, images and numbers remain in your head rather than
becoming work in progress. Your computer can accept input from myriad types of
peripheral devices, each designed to accommodate specific types of data.
Let’s Recall
Directions: Give 5 words that you can associate with the given image.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Let’s Explore
Directions: Below are the pictures of types of Application Software. Name each picture by
writing your answer on the space provided.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10
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Let’s Elaborate
Application Software or simply applications, are

often called productivity programs or end-user programs
because they enable the user to complete task such as
creating documents, spreadsheet, databases, and
publications, doing research, sending email, designing
graphics, running businesses, and even playing games.
Application software is specific to the task. It is designed
for and can be as simple as calculator applications.
When you begin creating a document, the word processing
software has already set margins, font style and line
spacing for you. But you can change these settings and you
have many more formatting options available.
TYPES OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Word Processing
A word processor is a software or a device that allows users to create, edit, and print
documents. It enables you to write text, store it electronically, display it on a screen, modify it
by entering commands and characters from the keyboard, and print it.
Web Browser
A web browser is a software program that allows a user to locate, access, and display
web pages. In common usage, a web browser is usually shortened to "browser."
Web browsers are used primarily for displaying and accessing websites on the
internet, as well as other content created using languages such as Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML) and Extensible Markup Language (XML).
Internet
The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that uses the
Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to communicate between networks and devices. It is a
network of networks that consists of private, public, academic, business, and government
networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical
networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and
services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents and applications of the World Wide
Web (WWW), electronic mail, telephony, and file sharing.
Data Processing
Data processing, Manipulation of data
by a computer. It includes the conversion of raw
data to machine-readable form, flow of data
through the CPU and memory to output devices,
and formatting or transformation of output. Any
use of computers to perform defined operations
on data can be included under data processing.
In the commercial world, data processing refers
to the processing of data required to run
organizations and businesses.
60
STORAGE DEVICES
A storage device is used in the computers to store the data. Provides one of the core
functions of the modern computer.
Types of Storage
1. Primary Storage
It is also known as main memory. Main memory is directly or indirectly
connected to the central processing unit via a memory bus. The CPU continuously
reads instructions stored there and executes them as required. RAM, ROM, and
cache are example of primary storage.
a. RAM (Random
Access Memory). It can be
accessed as fast as any of
the other data. There are two
types of RAM; DRAM
(Dynamic Random Access
Memory) and SRAM (Static
Random Access Memory)
b. ROM (Read Only Memory). This

memory is used as the computer begins to
boot up. Small programs called firmware are
often stored in ROM chips on hardware
devices (like a BIOS chip), and they contain
instructions the computer can use in
performing some of the most basic
operations required to operate hardware
devices. ROM memory cannot be easily or
quickly overwritten or modified.
c. Cache is a high-speed access area that can be either a reserved section of
main memory or a storage device. Most computers today come with L3 cache or L2
cache, while older computers included only L1 cache.
2. Secondary Storage
It is not directly accessible by the CPU. Computer usually uses its input/output
channels to access secondary storage and transfers the desired data using intermediate
area in primary storage.
a. Hard Disk is the main, and usually largest, data storage device in a
computer. It can store anywhere from 160 gigabytes to 2 terabytes. Hard disk speed
is the speed at which content can be read and written on a hard disk. A hard disk
unit comes with a set rotation speed varying from 4500 to 7200 rpm. Disk access
time is measured in milliseconds.
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3. Tertiary Storage
It involves a robotic mechanism which will mount (insert) and dismount
removable mass storage media into a storage device. It is a comprehensive computer
storage system that is usually very slow, so it is usually used to archive data that is not
accessed frequently. This is primarily useful for extraordinarily large data stores,
accessed without human operators.
a. Magnetic Tape. A magnetically coated

strip of plastic on which data can be encoded.
Tapes for computers are like tapes used to store
music. Tape is less expensive than other storage
mediums but commonly a slower solution that is
commonly used for backup.
b. Optical Disc. is any storage media that holds content in digital format and
is read using a laser assembly is considered optical media. The most common types of
optical media are Blu-ray (BD), Compact Disc (CD), and Digital Versatile Disc
(DVD),
4. Off-line Storage
Also known as disconnected storage. Is a computer data storage on a medium
or a device that is not under the control of a processing unit. It must be inserted or
connected by a human operator before a computer can access it again.
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a. Floppy Disk. It is a soft
magnetic disk and a portable device. It is
also slower to access than to a hard disk
and have less storage capacity, but they are
less expensive and can store data up to
1.44 MB
b. Zip Diskette. Hardware data storage device

developed by Iomega that functions like a Standard 1.44"
floppy drive. Capable to hold up to 100 MB of data or 250
MB of data on new drives. Now it less popular as users
needed larger storage capabilities.
c. USB Flash Drive. A small, portable flash

memory card that plugs into a computer’s USB port and functions
as a portable hard drive. Flash drives are available in sizes
such as 256MB, 512MB, 1GB, 5GB, and 16GB and are an easy
way to transfer and store information.
d. Memory Card. An electronic

flash memory storage disk commonly used in
consumer electronic devices such as digital cameras,
MP3 players, mobile phones, and other small
portable devices. Memory cards are usually read by
connecting the device containing the card to your
computer, or by using a USB card reader.
WORK ERGONOMICS
Why Computer Ergonomics?
Many people spend hours a day in front of a computer without thinking about the
impact on their bodies. They physically stress their bodies daily without realizing it by
extending their wrists, slouching, sitting without foot support and straining to look at poorly
placed monitors.
These practices can lead to cumulative trauma disorders or repetitive stress injuries,
which create a life-long impact on health. Symptoms may include pain, muscle fatigue, loss
of sensation, tingling and reduced performance.
Ergonomics is a field of study that attempts to reduce strain, fatigue, and injuries by
improving product design and workspace arrangement. The goal is a comfortable and relaxed
posture.
63
Arrange Your Workstation
Every time you work, take time to adjust workstations that aren't quite right to
minimize awkward and frequently performed movements.
Adapts Laptops
Laptop computers are not ergonomically designed for prolonged use. The monitor and
keyboard are so close together that they cannot both be in good positions at the same time.
For prolonged use, it's best to add a separate monitor and keyboard. The laptop can be placed
on books so the top of the screen is at eye level, then use an external keyboard so that your
elbows can rest at 90° by your side.
Modify Your Body Mechanics
•
Do you wear eyeglasses? Make sure they fit properly to avoid tilting your head.
•
Type with light strokes and try to keep your muscles relaxed.
•
Sit "tall," aligning your ears, shoulders,
and hips. When you sit, think about
making yourself an inch taller.
• Switch hands when using a mouse if
you are able.
• Completely rest your wrists during
breaks, including taking your hands off
the mouse
• Adjust Your Work Patterns
• Reduce prolonged computer time
whenever possible.
• Break work into smaller segments and
switch between tasks that use different
motions. For example, alternate use of mouse with reading and searching the web.
Move!
• Movement has many benefits: it relaxes tissues, lubricates joints and prevents
stiffness, improves circulation, reduces fatigue, and builds stamina. One study
showed that heavy computer users who successfully avoided computer-related pain
moved every 7 minutes.
• At least every 10 minutes, take a short (10-20 second) break. Take your hands off
the keyboard and move!
• Every 30-60 minutes, take a brief (2-5 minute) break to stretch and/or walk around.
Exercise Your Neck and Shoulder
• Neck Rotation: Slowly rotate your head as far as comfortable to the right, then left.
• Shoulder Rotation: Circle your shoulders, then reverse directions.
• Head Side to Side: Bend your neck so left ear approaches left shoulder, then repeat for
right. Add a little resistance by pressing your hand against the side of your head.
64
• Chin Tuck: Slide your chin inward, without
bending your neck up or down. This is
easiest to practice initially against a wall.
Tuck chin in, attempting to touch back of
neck to the wall while also maintaining head
contact. Don't jam your chin down to your
chest.
• Shoulder Blade Retraction: Pull your
shoulders down and back.
• Shrug: Slowly raise your shoulders toward
ears and hold for a few seconds. Gradually
bring shoulders down and relax.
Back:
• Shoulder Squeeze: Raise your arms in front of
body, with elbows bent and thumbs up. Pull
elbows back, squeezing shoulder blades
together. Hold for a few seconds then release.
• Stretch Up: Sit up straight and imagine a cable
attached to the top of your head. Gradually
stretch to be as tall as possible, hold for a few
seconds, then relax.
Arms
• Arm Relaxation: Drop your arms and hands to your

sides. Gently shake them for a few seconds.
• Arm Rotation: Raise your arms in front of your body.
Rotate arms so palms face up, then rotate so backs of hands
face each other.
Hand and Wrist

• Wrist Flex: With your elbows on desk, gently use left hand to bend right hand back
toward forearm. Hold for a few seconds, then relax. Repeat on other side.
• Finger Fan: Spread your fingers as far apart as possible, hold, then clench fists, then
release.
Feet
• Toe Curl: Flex toes up, then curl toes under. Release.
• Foot Rotation: Circle foot slowly from the ankle, then reverse.
65
Eyes
• Eye Rolls: Roll your eyes clockwise then
counterclockwise briefly.
• Palm Eyes: Without touching your eyes, cup hands
lightly over eyes for 30 seconds to rest them from
light.
• Look Away: Exercise your eyes by periodically
looking away from your computer to focus on distant
objects
Keep Fit
Physical fitness can help you avoid and treat problems related to computer use. Build
your stamina with exercises for strength, flexibility, and cardiovascular health.
Let’s Dig In
Directions: Fill in the blanks. Write the appropriate word on the space provided to complete
each statement.
1. Roll your eyes ___________then counterclockwise briefly.
2. Raise your arms in ___________ of body, with elbows bent and thumbs up.
3. Circle foot slowly from the ankle, then _________.
4. At least every 10 minutes, take a short _________ break. Take your hands off the
keyboard and move.
5. Slowly rotate your head as far as comfortable to the right, then __________.
6. Without touching your eyes, cup hands lightly over eyes for ________ to rest them from
light.
7. _________ raise your shoulders toward ears and hold for a few seconds.
8. Drop your arms and hands to your sides and ________ shake them for a few seconds.
9. Spread your fingers as far apart as possible, __________, then clench fists, then release.
10. Circle foot slowly from the ankle, then __________.
Let’s Remember
o Application Software, or simply applications, are often called productivity programs

or end-user programs because they enable the user to complete tasks, such as creating
documents, spreadsheets, databases and publications, doing online research, sending
email, designing graphics, running businesses, and even playing games.
o Data processing, Manipulation of data by a computer. It includes the conversion of
raw data to machine-readable form, flow of data through the CPU and memory to
output devices, and formatting or transformation of output.
o A storage device is used in the computers to store the data. Provides one of the core
functions of the modern computer.
o Primary storage also known as main memory. Main memory is directly or indirectly
connected to the central processing unit via a memory bus.
66
o Secondary storage it is not directly accessible by the CPU. Computer usually uses its
input/output channels to access secondary storage and transfers the desired data using
intermediate area in primary storage.
o Ergonomics is a field of study that attempts to reduce strain, fatigue, and injuries by
improving product design and workspace arrangement. The goal is a comfortable,
relaxed posture.
Let’s Apply
Storage Devices Extra Facts

1. Hard Disk
2. Floppy Disk
3. Zip Disk
4. Magnetic Tape
5. Compact Disk
6. Memory Card
7. USB Flash Drive
8. DVD-R
9. Optical Disk
10. Magnetic Tape
Let’s Evaluate
Directions: Put the following storage devices in order based on the storage capacity or size
from smallest to largest. Write your answer on the space provided.
DVD 1.
Zip Disk 2.
Hard Disk 3.
CD-RON 4.
DVD-ROM 5.
BD 6.
Magnetic Tape 7.
Compact Flash 8.
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Let’s Extend
Directions: Answer briefly the guide questions. Write your answer on the space provided.
1. Explain why you would format a USB 2. What do you think will happen to a data
Flash Drive? stored in a flash drive if you are going to
reformat it?
68
WEEK 6
Let’s Try
Directions: Read the following statement carefully and encircle the best answer.
1. It is a system of organization of icons on a screen. What is it?

a. Recycle Bin b. Desktop c. Folder d. Files
2. These are small pictures that are linked to actual programs.
a. Icons b. Desktop c. Folder d. Files
3. It defined as an organizational unit, or container, used to organize folders and files into
a hierarchical structure?
a. Files b. Folder c. Directory d. Desktop
4. It is the common storage unit in a computer. What is it?
5. It is a location where deleted files or folders are temporarily stored. What is it?
6. Which contains bookkeeping information about files that are, figuratively speaking,
beneath them in the hierarchy.
a. Files b. Folder c. Directory d. Desktop
7. What is used to provide a method for organizing files like a manila file folder containing
paper documents in a file cabinet?
8. It allows users to recover files that were deleted in Windows.
9. It is a pictogram or ideogram displayed on a computer screen in order to help the user
navigate a computer system.
10. It is a space used to store files, other folders, and shortcuts on a computer?
a. Icons b. Desktop c. Folder d. File
Lesson 4 Access Information Using Computer
The desktop is the main screen area that you see after you turn on your computer and
log on to Windows. Like the top of an actual desk, it serves as a surface for your work. When
you open programs or folders, they appear on the desktop. You can also put things on the
desktop, such as files and folders, and arrange them however you want. The desktop is
sometimes defined more broadly to include the taskbar and Windows Sidebar. The taskbar
sits at the bottom of your screen. It shows you which programs are running and allows you to
switch between them. It also contains the Start button, which you can use to access programs,
folders, and computers settings. On the side of the screen, Sidebar contains small programs
called gadgets.
69
Let’s Recall
Directions: Briefly describe the given picture below. Write your answer on the space
provided.
Let’s Explore
Directions: Below are pictures of different desktop icons. Name each picture by identifying
the correct answer.
1. ____________
2. ____________
3. ____________
4. ____________
5. ____________
Let’s Elaborate
When referring to an operating system or GUI (graphical user

interface), the Desktop is a system of organization of icons
on a screen. The Microsoft Windows desktop was first
introduced with Microsoft Windows 95 and included with
every version of Windows since then.
Icons
Are another important graphic feature of the desktop. Icons
are small pictures that are linked to actual programs.
Some of the most common icons on the desktop include
those for My Computer, Recycle Bin, your Internet browser (e.g., Internet Explorer), and My
Documents. On the Windows desktop, you can find the Windows Start menu through the Start on
the taskbar, as well as the Windows Notification Area.
70
Working with Desktop Icons
Directory
Defined as an organizational unit, or container, used to organize folders and files
into a hierarchical structure.
A directory contains bookkeeping information about files that are, figuratively speaking,
beneath them in the hierarchy. You can think of a directory as a file cabinet that contains
folders that contain files.
File
The common storage unit in a computer. All programs and
data are contained in a file, and the computer reads and writes
files. A folder holds one or more files, and it can be empty with
just a name. Folders provide a method for organizing files like a
manila file folder containing paper documents in a file cabinet.
Recycle Bin
It is a location where deleted files or folders are temporarily
stored in every version of Microsoft Windows since Windows 95. The
Recycle Bin allows users to recover files that were deleted in
Windows. It is located on the desktop. The image is an example of
what the Recycle Bin may look like in your version of Windows.
Keyboard Techniques
Why Keyboarding Skills Are Important?

• Increase Keyboarding Speed & Accuracy
• Increase Productivity & Efficiency
• Productivity = More $
• Prevent Repetitive Stress Injuries & Fatigue
Keyboard Posture and Technique Posture
• sits while at the computer

• the way the typist’s arms, wrists, fingers, legs, and feet
are placed
Technique – the form and keying style that a typist uses when operating
the keyboard
Technique refers to:
• where the typist positions his/her fingers on the
keyboard
• the way the workstation is arranged
71
Proper Posture and Technique
• Sit up straight
• Feet flat on the floor
• Body centered in front of the computer
• Elbows naturally by your side
• Fingers curved & upright
• Wrists low, but not touching the keyboard
Proper Posture and Technique

• Make quick, snappy strokes on the keys
• Keep your fingers on the “Anchor” keys (F
and J)
• Right pinky used for the Enter key; other
fingers remain on the home row keys
• Use the appropriate pinky for each Shift key ▪
Keep your eyes on the copy (what you are
typing from), not the keyboard or your fingers
Effects of Poor Typing Technique
• Fatigue
• Stiff or aching shoulders, back, or neck
• Numbness or pain in wrists, elbows, or fingers,
which can lead to injuries (Repetitive Stress Injuries)
• Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
• Trigger Finger
Your Workstation
The arrangement of the monitor, keyboard, mouse, copy, and other materials on the
desk.
Workstation Arrangement
• Keyboard directly in front of your chair
• Keyboard even with the edge of the table/desk
• Place the copy to the right of the keyboard
• Elevate your feet if they do not touch the floor
Remember To…
• Take frequent breaks
• Rest your eyes
• Shake out your hands
• Stand and stretch
• Use keyboard shortcuts whenever possible to avoid constant use of the mouse
• Have a Good Attitude & Patience
• Practice, Practice, Practice
72
Basic PC Shortcut Keys
Below is a list of some of the most used basic shortcut keys that work with IBM
compatible computers and software. It is highly recommended that all users keep a reference
to these shortcut keys or try to memorize them. Doing so will dramatically increase your
productivity.
SHORTCUT DESCRIPTION
KEYS
Alt+F File menu options in current program.
Alt+E Open Edit options in current program.
Alt+Tab Switch between open programs.

F1
View help information (F1 is used by almost every Windows program to
display help).
F2 Rename a selected file.
F5 Refresh the current program window.
Ctrl+D Bookmarks the current page in most Internet browsers.
Ctrl+O Open a file in the current software.
Ctrl+A Select all text.
Ctrl+B Change selected text to be bold.
Ctrl+I Change selected text to be in italics.
Ctrl+U Change selected text to be underlined.
Ctrl+F Open find window for current document or window.
Ctrl+S Save current document file.
Ctrl+X Cut selected item.
Shift+Del Cut selected item.
Ctrl+C Copy selected item.
Ctrl+Ins Copy selected item
73
Ctrl+V Paste
Shift+Ins Paste
Ctrl+Y Redo last action.
Ctrl+Z Undo last action.
Ctrl+K Insert hyperlink for selected text.
Ctrl+P Print the current page or document.
Home Goes to beginning of current line.
Ctrl+Home Goes to beginning of document.
End Goes to end of current line.
Ctrl+End Goes to end of document.
Shift+Home Highlights from current position to beginning of line.
Shift+End Highlights from current position to end of line.
Ctrl+Left arrow Moves one word to the left at a time.
Ctrl+Right arrow Moves one word to the right at a time.
Ctrl+Esc Open the Start menu.
Ctrl+Shift+Esc Open Windows Task Manager.
Alt+F4 Close the currently active program.
Alt+Enter Open the properties for the selected item (file, folder, shortcut, etc.).
Cleaning the Keyboard

A dirty keyboard doesn't look nice, and can
cause your keyboard to not work properly. Dust, food,
liquid, or other particles can get stuck underneath the
keys, which can cause them not to work. Check your
owner's manual to see if the manufacturer has provided
you with instructions for your specific keyboard. If so,
you should follow them. If not, the following steps are
74
basic cleaning tips that will help you keep your keyboard clean:
1. Unplug the keyboard from the USB or PS/2 port. If the keyboard is plugged into the PS/2
port, you will need to shut down the computer before unplugging it.
2. Turn the keyboard upside down and gently shake it to remove dirt and dust.
3. Use a can of compressed air to clean between the keys.
4. Moisten a cotton cloth or paper towel with rubbing alcohol, and use it to clean the tops of
the keys. Do not pour alcohol (or any other liquid) directly onto the keys.
5. Reconnect the keyboard to the computer once it is dry. If you are connecting it to a PS/2
port, you will need to connect it before turning the computer on.
Dealing with Liquids

If you spill liquid on the keyboard, quickly shut down the computer, and disconnect
and turn the keyboard upside down to allow the liquid to drain.
If the liquid is sticky, you will need to hold the keyboard on its side under running
water to rinse the sticky liquid away. Then, turn the keyboard upside down to drain for two
days before reconnecting it. The keyboard may not be repairable at this point but rinsing the
sticky liquid off the keyboard is the only chance for it to be usable again. The best way to
avoid this situation is to keep drinks away from the computer area.
Let’s Dig In
Directions: Match the items in column (A) with Column (B) and select the best answer.
Let’s Remember
Desktop is a system of organization of icons on a screen.

Icons are another important graphic feature of the desktop.
Directory defined as an organizational unit, or container, used to organize folders and files
into a hierarchical structure.
File the common storage unit in a computer.
Recycle Bin is a location where deleted files or folders are temporarily stored in every
version of Microsoft Windows since Windows 95.
75
Workstation the arrangement of the monitor, keyboard, mouse, copy, and other materials on
the desk.
Let’s Apply
Directions: Briefly explain the given picture or image. Write your answer on the space
provided
Let’s Evaluate
Directions: Identify what term is being asked in each statement.
_________1. It is used to create a new or blank document in some software, or open a new
tab in most Internet browsers.
_________2. It goes to beginning of current line.
_________3. The shortcut key to insert hyperlink for selected text.
_________4. This is used to undo last action.
_________5. This shortcut key enables to select all text.
_________6. This is used to cut your selected item.
_________7. It is used to insert hyperlink for selected text.
_________8. This shortcut key is used if you want to Paste your item to another.
_________9. It is used to Highlights from current position to beginning of line.
_________10. It is used to Highlights from current position to end of line.
Let’s Extend
Directions: Enumerate the effects of Poor Typing Technique. Write your answer on the space
provided.
76
References
• https://www.ftms.edu.my/images/Document/CSCA0101%20-
%20Computing%20Basics/csca0101_ch05.pdf
• http://www.worksafesask.ca/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/CWAT-Powerpoint.pdf
• https://www.uhs.umich.edu/computerergonomics
• file:///C:/Users/DEPED/Downloads/beginningcomputerbasics2015021520263555 75-
190110152948.pdf
• https://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/directory.html
• https://tmaier.weebly.com/uploads/8/7/0/1/8701011/keyboarding_techniques.pdf
• https://www.computerhope.com/shortcut.html
• https://canvas.instructure.com/courses/955530/assignments/3758444
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Let’s Learn
This module is thoroughly designed to learn more about applying quality standards. It helps
the learners to demonstrate an understanding of concepts and underlying principles in applying
This module has three learning competencies/outcomes namely:
Week 7
Produce output/ data using computer system
LO1. Computer application software
LO2. Computer peripherals
LO3. Storage devices
1. Process entered data using appropriate software commands
2. Print out data as required using computer hardware /peripheral devices in
accordance with standard operating procedures
3. Transfer files and data between compatible systems using computer
`software, hardware/peripheral devices.
Week 8
Use basic functions of a www- browser to locate information
1. Requirements for Internet search
2. Computer maintenance
3. File maintenance
1. Identify the Occupational Health and Safety Policies and Procedures in
planning for installation activity.
2. Explain each Computer Hardware
3. Appreciate the importance of hardware and software according to task
assigned and required outcome.
Week 7
Let’s Try
Directions: Read each statement carefully and encircle the best answer.
1. The most popular printer for home computer users that prints by spraying streams of
quick-drying ink on paper.
a. LED printer c. Dot printer
b. Laser Printer d. Inkjet printer
2. These are often used for corporate, school, and other environments that require print jobs
to be completed quickly and in large quantities.
a. LED printer c. Dot printer
b. Laser Printer d. Inkjet printer
78
3. It is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and use of
that data.
a. Database c. Spreadsheet
b. Word processing d. clipArt
4. It is a collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other images.

a.Database c. Spreadsheet
5. Allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations.
6. It is a collection of individual programs available together as a unit.
a. Software Suite c. Note taking software
b. Personal Information Manager d. Accounting software
7. It is application software that enables users to enter typed text, handwritten comments,
drawings, or sketches anywhere on a page.
8. It is application software that includes Appointment calendar, Address book, Notepad.

9. It allows a user to plan, schedule, track, and analyze the events, resources, and costs of a
project?
b. Accounting software d. Project Management software
10. Provides a means for sharing, distributing, and searching through documents by
converting them into a format that can be viewed by any user.
a. Software Suite c. Document management
b. Accounting software d. Web page authoring software
PRODUCE OUTPUT/DATA USING COMPUTER SYSTEM
Application Software is a single or group of programs that allow access for specific
tasks to be performed. Users of a computer should familiarize themselves with the variety
of applications that are available. The purpose of computer applications is that it can greatly
simplify a task for a user. Ways applications can help are to create and modify word
processing, spreadsheets, databases, presentations, along with graphics and multimedia.
79
Let’s Recall
Directions: Select the best word to match the icon.
Let’s Explore
Directions: Describe the image below. How operating works?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pVzRTmdd9j0
Let’s Elaborate
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks.
• To make business activities more efficient

• To assist with graphics and multimedia projects
• To support home, personal, and educational tasks
• To facilitate communications
80
System Software
It serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the
computer’s hardware.
Four Categories of Application Software
Business software is an application software that assists people while performing.
Word processing software allows users to create and manipulate

documents.
Clip Art is a collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other
images
Spreadsheet software allows user to organize in a manner that

allow access, retrieval, and use of that data.
Database Software allows user to create, access, and manage a
database.
Presentation software allows user to create visual aids for

presentation to communicate ideas, messages and other information
to a group.
Note Taking software is an application software that enables users
to enter text, handwritten, comments, drawing or sketches
anywhere on a page.
Software Suite is a collection of individual programs available together as a unit.
Personal Information Manager (PIM) is an application software that includes
appointment calendar, address book and Notepad.
Project management software allows a user to plan, schedule, track and analyze the
events, resources and cost of a project.
Accounting software helps companies record and report their financial transactions.
Document Management Software provides a means for sharing, distributing and
searching through documents by converting them into a format that can be
viewed by any user.
Graphics and Multimedia Software
81
Web Page Authoring Software helps users of all skill levels
create web pages that include multimedia and interactive
content.
Software for Home, Personal, and Educational Use
• Personal finance software

• Legal software
• Tax preparation software
• Personal DTP software
• Personal paint/image editing software
• Personal photo editing software
• Clip art/image gallery
• Video and audio editing software
• Home design/landscaping software
• Travel and mapping software
Web application (Web App) is a Web site that allow users to access
and interact with software from any or device that is connected to the internet.
Application Software for Communications
• Web Browser
• E-Mail
• Instant Messaging
• Chat Room
• Text, Picture, Video Messaging
• RSS Aggregator
• Blogging
• Newsgroup/Message Board
• FTP
• VoIP (Internet Telephony)
• Video Conferencing
Learning tool for Application Software
Online Help. It is the electronic equivalent of a user

manual. You can ask a question or access the Help topics in subject
or alphabetical order.
Web-Based Learning. It is a type of CBT that uses Internet
technology and consists of application software on the Web.
Distance learning (DL) is the delivery of education at one
location while the learning takes place at other locations.
82
COMPUTER PERIPHERALS
Computer peripherals are the devices you use to expand your system's functionality
and are not essential for the computer to work.
Many peripherals are external devices that give you a way to input information. For
example, you might use a mouse or trackpad to navigate the screen, a keyboard to type
text or a microphone to record audio. Other peripherals are output devices that let you see,
print or listen to something, such monitors, printers and speakers.
• A printer is an external hardware output device that takes the
electronic data stored on a computer or other device and generates a
hard copy of it.
Types of printers
Below is a list of all the different types of computer
printers. Today, the most common printers used
with a computer are inkjet and laser printers.
➢ 3D printer
Created by Chuck Hull in 1984, the
3D printer is a device that creates a
physical object from a digital
model by layering materials. 3D printers use materials such as metal
alloys, polymers, plastics, or even food ingredients.
➢ AIO (all-in-one) printer

Alternatively referred to as a MFP (multifunction printer), AIO is
short for All-in-One. AIO describes a hardware device such as an
All-in-One printer that is a printer, fax, and scanner all in one
device. The picture is an example of a Samsung All-in-One
printer that is a fax, laser printer, sheetfed scanner, and flatbed
scanner.
➢ Dot matrix
The term dot matrix refers to the process of using dots to
form an image. In a dot matrix image, the quality is
determined by the number of dots per inch.
➢ Inkjet printer
The most popular printer for home computer users that prints by
spraying streams of quick- drying ink on paper. The ink is stored
in disposable ink cartridges, and often a separate cartridge is
used for each of the major colors. These colors are usually CMYK
(cyan, magenta, yellow, and black.
83
➢ Laser printer
The laser printer was first developed at Xerox PARC
by Gary Starkweather and released in 1971 that utilizes
laser technology to print images on the paper. Laser printers
are often used for corporate, school, and other environments
that require print jobs to be completed quickly and in large
quantities.
➢ LED printer
Similar to a laser printer, LED printers are non-
impact but use a light-emitting diode instead of a laser in
the printhead. LED printers were initially developed by
Casio and function by focusing light across the entire
length of the drum, thus creating areas that are less
charged, which attracts toner. The printer then transfers
the toner from the drum to the paper and applies intense
heat to fuse the toner to the paper.
➢ Plotter
A plotter is a computer hardware device much like a printer
that is used for printing vector graphics. Instead of toner, plotters
use a pen, pencil, marker, or another writing tool to draw
multiple, continuous lines onto paper rather than a series of dots
like a traditional printer.
➢ Thermal printer
Thermal impact printer or electrothermal printer is a
printer that uses heated pins to "burn" images onto heat-
sensitive paper. These printers are commonly used in
calculators and fax machines; and although they are
inexpensive and print relatively fast, they produce low
resolution print jobs.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/p/peripher.htm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNhZCZ6MASY
84
Let’s Dig In
Directions: Fill in the blank. Write the appropriate words on the space provided to
complete each statement. To view this in google forms please click the link below:
https://forms.gle/fTFn5kDjyQtJXK249
A Word processing software allows users to 1. _______ and 2. _______ documents.
A Database software allows users to create, 3. __________ and 4. __________ a
database.
Presentation software allows users to create 5. ___________ for 6. ___________
to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group.
A Project management software allows a user to 7. __________, schedule, track, and 8.
__________ the events, resources, and costs of a project.
Accounting software helps company’s 9. _________ and 10. ________ their financial
transactions.
Let’s Remember
Directions: Please answer the following questions.
1. What are the things that you have learned in this module?
2. How will you apply those things in your everyday life? (Refer your answer above)
Let’s Apply
Directions: Multiple choice. Read each statement carefully, then choose the letter of the best
answer. To view this in google forms please click the link below:
https://forms.gle/GHBSdtkBZcTrtCAB8
_____1. It consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist
with personal tasks.
a. System software c. Business software
b. Application Software d. Accounting software
_____2. It is application software that assists people while performing business activities.
a. Communication software c. Home/Personal software
b. Graphics and media d. Business software
_____3. It is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval, and
use of that data.
b. Word processing d. ClipArt
_____4. It is a collection of electronic drawings, photos, and other images.
_____5. Allows users to organize data in rows and columns and perform calculations.
85
_____6. Is a Web site that allows users to access and to interact with software from any
computer or device that is connected to the Internet.
a. Database c. Web application
______7. It is the electronic equivalent of a user manual. You can ask a question or access
the Help topics in subject or alphabetical order.
a. Database c. Web-base training
b. Online Help d. Distance learning
_______8. It is a type of CBT that uses Internet technology and consists of application
software on the Web.
_______9. It is the delivery of education at one location while the learning takes place at
other locations.
______10. It serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the
computer’s hardware.
a. System software c. Business software
b. Application Software d. Accounting software
Let’s EvaluateLet’s
Evaluate
Directions: Identify the image below. Write your answer on the space provided.
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
86
4. 9.
5. 10.
Let’s Extend
Directions: Explain in your own words why it is important to choose the right application
software for your specific needs? Write your answer on the space provided.
87
Week 8
Let’s Try
Directions: Read each statement carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. It is software accessed on the Internet that searches a database of information according

to the user's query ______________
a. Chrome b. Browser c. Search Engine d. URL
2. It is alternatively referred to as a web browser _____________.
a. Chrome b. Browser c. Search Engine d. URL
3. It is an Internet browser that was first introduced on June 30, 2003, and is included with
Apple macOS X and the iPhone ______________.
a. Chrome b. Opera c. Amazon silk d. Opera
4. Which of the following is the file extension of the web page that indicates the file is an
HTML file?
a. url.htm b. http c. https d. www
5. Which of the following is the method of saving a web page's address?
a. url.htm b. http c. link d. Bookmark
Let’s Recall
Directions: Write words that are associated with the word INTERNET.
Let’s Explore
Directions: Give the complete name of the following ACRONYMS.
1. https 6. http
2. WWW 7. php
3. URL 8. FTP
4. HTML 9. ASP
5. .COM 10. JPG
88
Let’s Elaborate
REQUIREMENTS FOR INTERNET SEARCH Browsers
Alternatively referred to as a web browser or Internet browser. A browser is a

software program to present and to explore content on the World Wide Web. These pieces
of content, including pictures, videos, and web pages, are connected using hyperlinks and
classified with URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers).
There have been many different web browsers that have come and gone over the years. The
first, named World Wide Web (later changed to Nexus), was invented by Tim Berners-Lee
in 1990. However, the first graphical browser and widely used browser that help bring
popularity to the Internet was NCSA Mosaic.
List of current Internet browsers
Chrome is a free Internet browser officially released by Google on

December 11, 2008. Its features include synchronization with Google
services and accounts, tabbed browsing, and automatic translation and
spell check of web pages. It also features an integrated address bar/search
bar, called the omnibox.
Microsoft Edge Code-named "Spartan," Microsoft Edge is the latest

Internet browser from Microsoft that was introduced with Microsoft
Windows 10 as a replacement for Internet Explorer.
Microsoft Internet Explorer often abbreviated as IE or

MSIE, Microsoft Internet Explorer is an Internet browser
that allows users to view web pages on the Internet. Users can also utilize
Internet Explorer to listen and to watch streaming content, access online
banking, and make purchases over the Internet, and many more.
The Firefox web browser was first released in beta on September

23, 2002, as the "Mozilla Browser," although it was internally code-named
"Phoenix." Firefox 1.0 was officially released on November 9, 2004.
Firefox became a popular alternative to Microsoft Internet Explorer 6.0
when users sought a browser that could better protect them from spyware
and malicious websites. As of 2017, it is the fourth-most popular browser
after Google Chrome, Apple Safari, and UC Browser.
Opera is an Internet browser developed by Opera Software and was

first released on April 1, 1995. Designed for desktops and mobile
platforms, including a popular choice for mobile phones. Opera claims
to be the fastest browser on earth and has a free e-mail client known as
Opera Mail. The picture shows what the Opera 9.6 web browser looks
like with the Computer Hope website on it. Some of the popular features
of Opera are its speed, tabbed browsing, popup control, and voice
control.
89
Safari is an Internet browser that was first introduced on June 30, 2003, and is
included with Apple macOS X and the iPhone. It is also available for iPod Touch
and iPad.
Amazon Silk released November 15, 2011, Amazon

Silk is a proprietary Internet browser developed for Fire OS
devices. Silk uses the open-source Chromium project as its foundation,
deriving many features from the Google Chrome browser.
The Silk browser comes pre-installed as the default browser on most
Amazon hardware devices, including app-based Kindle devices, Fire TV,
and compatible Echo devices.
URL
URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator. A URL is nothing more than the
address of a given unique resource on the Web. In theory, each valid URL points to a unique
resource. Such resources can be an HTML page, a CSS document, an image, etc. In practice,
there are some exceptions, the most common being a URL pointing to a resource that no
longer exists or that has moved. As the resource represented by the URL and the URL itself
are handled by the Web server, it is up to the owner of the web server to carefully manage
that resource and its associated URL
http:// or https://
The "http" stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. It lets the browser to know which
protocol it is going to use to access the information specified in the domain. An "https"
protocol is short for "Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure" and indicates that information
transmitted over HTTP is encrypted and secure. After the http or https is the colon ( : ) and
two forward slashes ( // ) that separate the protocol from the remainder of the URL.
www.
"www" stands for World Wide Web and is used to distinguish the content. This
portion of the URL is not required and many times can be left out. For example, typing
"http://computerhope.com" would still get you to the Computer Hope website. This portion
of the address can also be substituted for an important sub page known as a subdomain.
computerhope.com
"computerhope.com" is the domain name for the website. The last portion of
the domain is known as the domain suffix, or TLD. It is used to identify the type or
location of the website. For example, ".com" is short for commercial, ".org" is short for
an organization, and ".co.uk" is the United Kingdom. There are several domain
suffixes available. To get a domain, you would register the name through a domain
registrar.
90
/jargon/u/
"jargon" and "u" are the directories where the web page is located on the
server. In this example, the web page is two directories deep, so to find the
file on the server, it would be in the /public_html/jargon/u directory. With
most servers, the public_html directory is the default directory containing
the HTML files.
url.htm
Url.htm is the actual web page on the domain you're viewing. The
trailing .htm is the file extension of the web page that indicates the file is an
HTML file. Other common file extensions on the Internet include .html,
.php, .asp, .cgi, .xml, .jpg, and .gif. Each of these file extensions performs a
different function, like all the different types of files on your computer.
Where is the URL located?
A URL is located at the top of the browser window in the address bar
or omnibox depending on your browser window. On desktop computers and
laptop, unless your browser is being displayed in fullscreen the URL is
always visible. In most smartphone and tablet browsers, the address bar
containing the URL will disappear as you scroll down and only show the
domain when visible. When the address bar is not visible, scroll up the page.
If only the domain is shown, tapping on the address bar shows the full
address.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/b/browser.htm#:~:text=Alternatively%
20referred%20to%
20as%20a,URIs%20(Uniform%20Resource%20Identifiers).
SEARCH ENGINE
A search engine is software accessed on the Internet that searches a database of
information according to the user's query. The engine provides a list of results that best
match what the user is trying to find. Today, there are many different search engines
available on the Internet, each with its own abilities and features. The first search
engine ever developed is considered Archie, which was used to search for FTP files,
and the first text-based search engine is considered Veronica. Currently, the most
popular and well-known search engine is Google. Other popular search engines include
AOL, Ask.com, Baidu, Bing, DuckDuckGo, and Yahoo.
The Top 10 Most Popular Search Engines in the World

These are the 10 best search engines in 2020, ranked by popularity.
• Google
• Bing
• Yahoo
• Baidu
• Yandex
• DuckDuckGo
• Ask.com
91
• Ecosia
• Aol.com
• Internet Archive
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/searengi.htm
BOOKMARK
When referring to an Internet browser, a bookmark or electronic bookmark is a

method of saving a web page's address. While using most browsers, pressing Ctrl+D
bookmarks the page you are viewing. In Microsoft Internet Explorer, bookmarks are
referred to as favorites.
Why create a bookmark?
A bookmark is handy when you find a web page that you want to remember and be
able to look at another day. When you bookmark a web page, you are creating a shortcut
for quick access to that web page. You can access that bookmark at any time and view the
web page as many times as you want without having to search the Internet to find it again.
How to view bookmarks using shortcuts

Below is a list of keyboard shortcuts that access and view the
bookmarks in your browser.
Google Chrome - Ctrl+Shift+O or Cmd+Shift+B on
Mozilla Firefox - Ctrl+B or Ctrl+Shift+B
Microsoft Edge - Ctrl+I
Internet Explorer - Ctrl+I Opera
- Ctrl+Shift+B
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/b/bookmar
k.htm
LINK
On the Internet, a link is more appropriately referred to as a hyperlink and is
what connects web pages to other web pages.
https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/l/link.htm#:~:text=On%20the%20Inter
net%2C%20a%20li
nk,pages%20to%20other%20web%20pages.&text=In%20HTML%2C%20the,
page%20and%20 an%20external%20resource.
Let’s Dig In
Directions: Write T if the statement is correct and F if it is incorrect. To view this in google forms
please click the link below:
https://forms.gle/8pUHiG5gdZvSJHjXA
__________1.Browsers alternatively referred to as a web browser or Internet browser,

a browser is a software program to present and explore content on the World Wide Web.
_________2. Chrome features include synchronization with Google services and accounts, tabbed
browsing, and automatic translation and spell check of web pages.
92
_________3. Opera was designed for desktops and mobile platforms, including a
popular choice for mobile phones.
_________4. Microsoft Internet Explorer is an Internet browser that allows users to view
web pages on the Internet.
_________5. Microsoft Edge is the latest Internet browser from Microsoft that was introduced with
Microsoft Windows 10 as a replacement for Internet Explorer.
_________6. “URL” stands for Unified Resource Locator.
_________7. The "http" stands for Hyperlink Transfer Protocol.
_________8. “www" stands for World Wide Web.
_________9. Url.htm is the actual web page on the domain you're viewing.
_________10. A search engine is software accessed on the Internet that searches a database of
information according to the user's query.
Let’s Remember
Direction: Briefly answer the question.
1. What is the purpose of using a browser?
Let’s Apply
Direction: Create Your Own Customized Short URL. (Note: Do not repeat the answer given in
this module)
Let’s Evaluate
Directions: Read each statement and choose the best answer.
1. Name the underline part of the URL: https://www.google.com

a. Protocol b. Web Page c. Subdomain d. Domain
2. Name the underline part of the URL: https://muids.mahidol.ac.th/
a. Protocol b. Web Page c. Subdomain d. Domain
a. Protocol b. Directories c. Subdomain d. Domain
5. Name the underline part of the URL: https://www.facebook.com/
93
Let’s Extend
Directions: Identify the parts of URL below. Write your answer on the space provided.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
94
References
• https://www.slideshare.net/aliciamargaretjavelosa/application-
software-ict
• https://www.techwalla.com/articles/what-are-computer-peripherals
• https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/p/printer.htm
• https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/b/browser.htm
• https://developer.mozilla.org/en-
US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/What_is_a_URL
• https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/s/searengi.htm
• https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/b/bookmark.htm
• https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/l/link.htm
• https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/d/diskclea.htm
• Computer Systems Servicing 3 CAL pages 85-87
95
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE FOR HYBRID MODULE
Chairperson: DR. MARGARITO B. MATERUM – Schools Division Superintendent
Vice- Chairperson: DR. GEORGE P. TIZON – SGOD Chief
DR. ELLERY G. QUINTIA – CID Chief
Ex-Officio Members: EDUCATION PROGRAM SUPERVISORS & ELEMENTARY SCHOOL PRINCIPALS
Secretariat: QUINN NORMAN O. ARREZA
Team Leader/Facilitator: DR. DANILO S. GUTIERREZ
EVALUATORS/REVIEWERS/CONTENT ILLUSTRATORS/LAY OUT
WRITERS
VALIDATORS ARTISTS
MYRA S. GESTIADA ARNEL S. GESTIADA MARK ANTHONY L. BIETE

MARK ANTHONY L. MARIA A. AGNAYA KERVY D. CAMMAGAY
BIETE AILEEN GEÑOSO MARIENIX P. RAMOS
DR. ANGELA K. ALAMAN
DR. RONALDO J. LASIN
DR. MELEDA H. POLITA, SDS (Retired)
DR. REA M. CRUZ
SANTIAGO T. ALVIS
Format and Language Validators: PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOLS REPRESENTATIVES

School Heads In-charge: JOSEFINA R. GRANADA (Primary) & DR. MA. CHERYL S. FERNANDEZ (Intermediate)
EPSs in-charge: MR. NOEL T. BALUBAL, EPS – ENGLISH DR. DAISY L. MATAAC, EPS –LRMS/ALS
PRINTING SPONSOR: CITY GOVERNMENT OF TAGUIG
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1

Welcome to the ICT-Computer Systems Servicing NC II Alternative Delivery Mode

Notes to the Teacher

The following are some reminders in using this module:

Week 1: LO1: Assess quality of received materials

Week 2: LO2: Assess own work

After going through this module, you are expected to:

_____20. It refers to a process in as much detail as possible by graphically displaying the

WORK ORDER AND STANDARD PROCEDURES

A. Direction. Record the following specifications of communication devices.

Micro-controller Oscillator Capacitor Resistor

PURPOSE OF STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE

BENEFITS OF STANDARD OPERATING

• Initial start-up. What are to be done before

SPECIFICATIONS OF MATERIAL AND COMPONENTS

Manufacturers duty is to produce products that perform as promised or advertised.

Types of factory defects

While some situations allow "nonconformity" and "defect" to be used synonymously,

3. NONCONFORMITY TO GOVERNMENT STANDARDS AND PECS,

RECORDING AND REPORTING PROCEDURES

➢ help you work more efficiently

Work order and standard operating procedures YES / NO

6. Employees can prevent or fix the

9. To get as high-quality SOPs as possible, the

1. Obtain work instruction in accordance with standard operating procedures.

Directions: Conduct an interview to your mother or father about their experience/s in

1. What do you consider in buying electrical appliances?

C. Directions: Check the following factory defects according to their types.

A. Conduct an interview to an employed worker on how they implement the

1. What are the advantages of following standard operating procedures?

The operations manual is the documentation by which an organization provides guidance

You should include policies for:

It covers all parts of a computer that are tangible

Factors that help determine hardware needs:

Some aspects to consider when determining hardware needs:

In production process, checking of quality assurance must be highly considered. Quality

The company-wide quality approach places an emphasis on three aspects:

1. Elements such as controls, job management,

2. Competence such as knowledge, skills,

3. Soft elements, such as personnel integrity,

D. TOTAL QUALITY CONTROL

8. Consistent data recording and assessment and documentation integrity. 9.

Quality System Requirements Contents

Customer service is the act of taking care of

Quality control (QC) is a procedure or set of procedures

1. Elements such as controls, job management, defined and well managed

How to do Quality Assurance: Complete Process

Plan - Organization should plan and

Quality System, Quality Assurance, and Quality Control Relationships

Difference between Quality Control

Sometimes, QC is confused with the QA.

Examples of QC and QA activities are as follows:

Quality Control Activities Quality Assurance Activities

RECORDS AND DOCUMENTS

ORGANIZATION AND PROCEDURES

MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTION MANUAL

How to find instruction manuals for computers, phones and other

Before you start

The first port of call for a missing manual should always

Try a Google search

You might need a little lateral thinking here, since one

Find a manual manually

Quality Checker Date: