The picture describes the horse’s evolution from 40 million years ago until now, focusing on the bone

structure of its foot. Overall, as the animal gets more prominent in size and longer limbs, the toes
disappear one by one, eventually replaced by a sole bro.

Eohippus, which existed circa 40 million years ago, was the ancestor of the horse. It was much smaller,
standing at about one-fourth the size of a modern horse. All four legs and the tail were relatively short,
and, on each paw, there were distinctively four toes. About 10 million years later, the Eohippus became
the Mesohippus, which was slightly larger and taller. The foot had lost one toe, and the middle toe had
enlarged to create symmetrical structure a. Notably, the Mesohippus had started to develop what
would become the horse mane.

At around 15 million years ago, the Merychippus appeared. This pre-historic horse largely resembled the
modern horse but at about half the size. The foot still had three toes, but the middle one was greater in
size and protruded more to the front. The mane had also become more visible. Finally, the horse today
has all the toes reduced just to a single bro. It is taller, with lengthier limbs, a more defined tail, and a
clearer mane on the neck
The pictures describe the evolution of Stone Age cutting tools between 1.4 million and 0.8 million years
ago. It can be seen that the latter design had seen vast improvements in the size, shape, and finishing
quality.

Tool A, which dated back to 1.4 million years ago, was rather small and rudimentary. At about 7cm in
length, the tool was thin and did not display much craftsmanship. The front and back views were plain
with only some slight chiselling effort while the side was rough and not very indicative of a cutting
utensil.

Tool B showed many updated features compared to the older version. First of all, it was larger and
sturdier due to a better water drop design with a broad base and a pointy haha Finally, although the
tool’s thickness stayed relatively the same after 0.6 million years, the side edge was undoubtedly much
more finely sharpened.
The given diagram illustrates the process of building an igloo, a type of dwelling made by the Inuit
people. It can be seen that the igloo is made solely of snow and that at least 10 steps are required to
create this sort of shelter.
Initially, only hard-packed snow can be used to make igloos because of its toughness and thickness.
After being collected, the snow is sawed into rectangular blocks, of which the largest ones are used to
form the base of the igloo. When the base is complete, the next blocks will have their edges smoothed
by the builder to be placed on top one another, until a dome-like structure is shaped. Then, a hole is dug
under the igloo’s wall in order to make an entrance, while on top of the dome, a significantly large block
of snow will be used to cover the final opening. Thus, an igloo is shaped.
In the subsequent steps, softer snow is shoveled upon the igloo to provide further coverage, after which
the builder makes sure that this snow is also packed tightly into all crevices between blocks. The inside
of the igloo is burnished by hand, and afterward, the shelter’s entrance hole is covered with more snow
blocks to prevent exposure to the cold. To conclude the process, small holes will be poked on the
dwelling’s wall and roof to allow ventilation.
The diagram shows how goods are transferred within a harbor. It can be seen that two cranes, namely
the quay crane and the RMG crane, play a vital role in handling goods.

Initially, when a freighter docks, a gigantic quay crane is utilized to help the vessel unload cargo. The
quay crane does this by picking up items from the vessel’s cargo compartment, followed by moving
them back into the land. On land, the cargo is subsequently taken by vehicles to the yard, where it is
stacked and arranged by a machine called the RMG crane onto vehicles that take it to the gate.
Afterward, the goods are transported either by rail or by road to their next destination.

The process of placing cargo on a freighter works inversely, as goods are first delivered to the harbor’s
gate by truck and train, then brought to the yard. There, they are also stacked and arranged by the RMG
crane to prepare them for the last loading stage. Finally, at the quayside, freight is loaded by the quay
crane onto the vessel.
The given diagram depicts the mechanism inside a hot air balloon. It can be inferred that the hot air
balloon’s operation is dependent on the principle where hot air rises to the top and cool air flows to the
bottom.
The balloon itself is called the “envelope”, formed by sewing together “gores”, which are vertical
sections comprising even smaller horizontal panels. On top of the balloon is a flap known as a parachute
valve; during the hot air balloon’s flight, the valve controls the escape of excessive hot air and seals itself
when hot air needs to be kept in.
Meanwhile, the base of the balloon, called the “skirt”, is tied to the basket – the balloon’s passenger
space – with several strong ropes. The basket’s most crucial parts are its propane cylinder and burner,
responsible for providing the ignition that makes flight possible.
In order to fly, the burner mixes propane from the cylinder with air to produce flame and make hot air.
As the air inside the balloon becomes hotter, it will rise to the top due to having a lower density than the
cool air.
The diagram below illustrates the way pizza dough is made.

It is clear that the process consists of 7 distinct stages, starting with putting the dough in the mixer and
finishing by dividing the final product into 3 pieces.

In order to make the dough, 4 different ingredients( flour, water, salt, and dry active yeast ) are
required with separated amounts. At the first stage of the dough-making process, all ingredients are
poured into a stand mixer. After being beaten for 2 minutes at low speed, the mixture is then mixed at
medium speed for 5 minutes. This is followed by a slow beating process for the last 2 minutes.

Subsequently, the mixing product is taken out and let rise for at least 2 hours. After that period, the
dough should grow twice bigger. Having increased in size, the chief will work the dough until air bubbles
are removed to gain the best-quality dough. Finally, the dough will be equally cut into 3 pieces, each
weighing about 275 grams.
The given diagram illustrates the process of chocolate-making.

Overall, it can be seen that the process involves ten main stages, starting with the growing of cacao
trees and ending with the production of liquid chocolate.

The process of making chocolate starts by growing cacao trees in South America, Indonesia and Africa.
When the pods of the cacao tree turn red , which means they are ripe, people then harvest these pods
and take out the white beans inside the core. After that, the beans are covered with leaves and left for a
few days to ferment. Next, they are spread in sun to dry.

This step is followed by packaging dried beans in large sacks and transporting them to the factory by
train or lorry. Having been roasted in the oven for several hours , the outer shells are then removed and
the beans are crushed. At the final stage of the process, the inner part is pressed to produce liquid
chocolate
The diagram illustrates how recycled plastic bottles are used to make clothes.

Overall, there are six essential stages in the plastic recycling process, beginning with the buying,
using and discarding of plastic products and ending with newly recycled products entering the
market again.

In the first stage, new products displayed in shops are purchased, used and thrown away. Plastic
bags, along with other garbage, are sent and buried in landfill sites. Plastic bottles and containers
however, are collected for recycling. After being gathered, the plastic bottles are then taken to
sorting houses where they are divided into different categories.

Once the plastic has been sorted, it is then loaded onto trucks and transported to factories where
it is processed and made into new plastic products. These new, recycled plastic products are then
finally distributed back to retail shops where they are sold, reused and discarded once again,
thereby continuing the process.
The diagram illustrates the process in which raw fish are turned into smoked fish for sale at shop.

Overall , it can be seen that the process consists of 3 main sequences , including catching , processing
and transporting , beginning with fishing in the ocean and ending with delivering the final product to fish
shops.

Firstly, fish are caught at sea and then transported to the port by boats. After that, the fish are moved
on land and frozen for preservation. Subsequently , the frozen fish are defrosted and submerged in fresh
water. In the following step, the fish are cut open and put into fresh water along with yellow coloring.
Once the fish are ready, they are smoked in a closed chamber for several hours before being packaged.

After the packaging , the final products are loaded into the freezer at 0 celcius degree. This is followed
by a distributing process, from the cold store to the fish shop by trucks
MAP

The two maps illustrate the changes in the structure of the so-called Pancha village over 10 years, starting
from 2005.

Overall, it is clear that the village witnessed huge changes in terms of housing, road infrastructure,
educational and religious institutions and the construction of power lines. The village became more
modernized and well-equipped after the transformation.

The housing area remained on the far left-hand side in the middle of the map but saw the demolition of
two houses in the middle area. In addition, in 2015 many residences in the village had been able to pick
up TV signals due to the construction of satellite dishes, with electricity poles built along the main road to
support the power lines.

The primary schools to the northeast of the map experienced a major transformation. Its function
extended to serving and accommodating both primary and secondary students in 2015, despite no
expansion in size. The pagoda in the southeastern corner of the picture in 2005 was converted to 2 smaller
ones a decade later, raising the total to 3. Finally, the dirt road scattered with potholes in 2005 was then
paved with asphalt ten years later, with a pedestrian crossing and traffic signs installed. The market
underwent no major change apart from the fact that some sections were re-arranged with one additional
building.
The two maps illustrate the changes in the structure of the ground floor of an art gallery from 2005 to
the present day.

Overall, the ground floor underwent a complete transformation with various facilities being relocated,
transformed and erected.

In the center of the ground floor, the reception desk was relocated to the place where it is closer to the
entrance. The hall experiences no major changes apart from being widened to the left-hand side , taking
up the place where the gallery office used to be. The stairs to the upper floor has been narrowed for a
lift to be built up right next to it. In addition , the café on the top left-hand corner has been transformed
to a gallery shop with vending machines located just outside.

While three exhibition rooms on the right side of the ground floor remained the same over the years ,
other major changes have been made to the 4th exhibition room on the left-hand side. It has been
divided into a temporary one and an playing area for children. The final change made to the layout of
the ground floor is the additional ramp for wheelchairs, which makes the gallery become more
accessible to the disabled.
The maps illustrate modifications made to the layout of a university sports court from 1990 to the
present day.

Overall, the court experienced remarkable changes with various facilities being relocated, built up and
expanded.

In 1990, the left-hand side of the court was the place for a large park and a car park. However , in the
present day, the park has been replaced by a basketball court while the former car park has been
transformed to a tennis court.

In the top right-hand corner of the area, the outdoor pool has been converted into an indoor one. To the
south of the pool, a fitness centre has been added , taking up the space where the tennis court used to
be, and the changing room which was located adjacent to to the reception has been relocated next to
the centre. The cafe and the reception, however, remained at the same position over the given period.
The maps illustrate how the layout of a beachfront in Australia has changed from 1950 to the present.

Overall, significant changes have been made , especially on the road leading to the city, its swimming
pool and other recreational facilities.

In 1950, there was a road running from the car park to the city on the top of the map. In the present
day, the road has grown a lot in length to the south, leading to the lighthouse. In addition , a new car
park has been built up, taking up the place where the playground used to be.

Another major change is the construction of a big restaurant and a surf club on the left-hand side of the
beachfront. The pool next to two mentioned facilities has also been doubled in length , from 25 meters
to 50 meters. However, while the pool on the other side of the beach hasn’t changed, a new surf club
has been erected in front of it. Finally, the dining tables and the pavilion stay unchanged over the
period.
The diagrams illustrate modifications to the layout of a student accommodation from the year 2010 to
the present.

Overall, the building underwent significant changes, especially on the garden and the student-
bedrooms. In addition, more entrances have also been added as a result of reconstruction.

In 2010, there were just a living room and a student bedroom on the top and the top right-hand corner
of the building. However, a new student-bedroom has been built up in the north-west corner of it,
taking up the place where was once a garden. In addition , the livingroom has also been transformed to
another bedroom for students, increasing the number of bedrooms to five instead of three. The garden
in the south of the accommodation has also been replaced by a new car park.

The current building is more accessible with more doors added , connecting the rooms together. Other
major changes include the introduction of an en-suite room and the addition of a new social area in the
kitchen. Finally, the bathroom in the center of the building and the student-bedroom adjacent to it
remained unchanged over the given period.
The two maps illustrate the differences in the layout of an unspecified city in 1950 and the present.

Overall, the city underwent remarkable changes , especially in the growth of its residential area and its
transportation links.

In 1950, most of the city’s population located in a small region to the north of it , with just about 20.000
people. However , the residential area and the business district of the city has dramatically expanded ,
which increases the population to about 200,000 in the present day. In addition , the traffic system of
the city has been improved a lot with the enlargement of the airport in the South-East and the
construction of a new major road running along the bottom of it.

Another noticeable change is the introduction of a Dam in the right-hand side of the city, creating a giant
lake across the residential area and the business district. As a result of the dam construction, a new
bridge has been built up to connect two parts of the city while the original bridge stayed unchanged . A
bigger government building has also been erected in the South , next to the new major road.
The diagrams illustrate the design of three types of bridge.

Overall, the arch bridge is built to connect two sides of a lake, so it is the shortest in terms of
both length and height. While the concrete girder bridge can cater for the longest spans (as long
as there are enough piers), the suspension bridge is suitable for connecting towns, cities or
islands over the ocean.

Regarding the arch bridge, its maximum length is 200m, and it can be up to 100m tall (from the
bed of the lake), which only allows small ships to go through. This kind of bridge has two piers
forming a semi-circular shape, with the roadway running parallel with the surface of the water.
Turning next to the concrete girder bridge, this design is suitable for bridging two banks of a
certain river. Since there are piers – whose distance from one pair to the next must be under
200m – to support the pressure of vehicles and the weight of the bridge itself, its extent is
unlimited. The tallest pillars are under 300m, so the girder bridge caters for medium-sized ships.
Finally, the distance between the two towers of the suspension bridge is from 400 to 2000m. It is
of note that these piers are used to hang main cables with multiple suspender cables attached to
the deck of the bridge to carry the weight of vehicles and the bridge. In addition, this structure is
built in the sea and is tall enough to allow large vessels to pass through.
CHAR

The given bar charts show the average house prices in England and its capital London in 1995 and 2013 ,
as well as comparing with other regions throughout the country in the latter year.

Overall, it can be seen that the average house expenses increased over the period both in London and
all over England, although the capital witnessed a more drastic rise. Moreover, the accommodation
price in London is way higher than other distinct areas of England in the year 2013.
In 1995 , house prices in England and London stood at about 130.000 $ and 200.000 $ respectively.
However, after 24 years, the amount of money for a house in England grew to 200.000$, while the figure
for London was doubled ( at over 400.000$) .

In terms of countryside areas in 2013 , house expenses in Midlands and North East were the lowest ,
both stood at around 100.000$. In addition, the price for houses in South East and South East regions
were much higher than the areas mentioned above, with the former at over 300.000$ and the latter at
about 270.000$. Finally , people just had to pay 200.000$ to own a house in North East, which was twice
lower than that of London.

The given chart gives data about the rate of different sized businesses which have social media
presence over a period of 5 years, starting from 2012.
Overall, It can be seen that 2016 was the year with the highest proportion of social media usage
among companies. In addition, large businesses had always been the category that used social
media the most during the period .
In term of small companies, there was only under 30% of them using social media in the first 2
years. This proportion witnessed a slight growth to about 35% in 2014 before declining to 30%
in the next year and finally increased remarkably to about 50% during the last year. Starting at
over 30% in 2012, the percentage of medium businesses with the presence of social media rose
to nearly 50% in the next two years, hitting the lowest point at 30% in 2015 , then went up to
about 52 % in 2016.
The proportion of social media usage in large businesses started at nearly 80% , which was 2,5
times higher than that of small and medium ones. This rate changed moderately in 2013 and
2014, but it witnessed a sharp fall to over 50% in 2015 after recovering to about 79% at the end
of the period.

The table gives data about the changes in the value of certain products in two years 1997 and
2010.
Overall, It can be seen that while the export values of equipment, telecommunity and metals
experienced an upward trend, the figures for clothing and manufacturing decreased. Moreover,
metals was the category which witnessed the most drastic change.
Although equipment was the most valuable among all products in 1997 ( at 10,3 billion $), it
just increased slightly to 11.6 billion $, in 2010 . In contrast , the export value of metal was the
lowest in 1997 but it saw a remarkable growth of 122%, from 2,3 billion $ to 5.1 billion $ in
2010 . Following the similar path , there was a considerable rise of 61 % in telecommunity, from
7.9 to 12.7 billion $ in 2010, taking up the first place of equipment.
In terms of clothing and manufacturing , both categories witnessed a downward trend over the
period. The export value of clothing fell by 17% , from 6 to 5 billion $ , while the figure for
manufacturing experienced a more substantial drop from 5.5 to 4 billion $ - 10% more severe
than that of clothing.

The given line graph gives data about expenditure on different life aspects in an unspecified Europe
country from 1960 to 2000.

Overall, it can be seen that while the amount of money spent on food, leisure, clothing and fuel
decreased over the period, the figure for transport went up. In addition , fuel was always the aspect with
lowest expenditure

In 1960, nearly 35% of money was spent on food, ranking the first among five classifications. However,
this figure witnessed a drastic decline to under 15% in 2000. In contrast, people just spent under 10% of
their income on transport, but 40 years later, it had grown remarkably to 15%, exceeding the figure for
food to be on top of the ranking.

In terms of leisure, the expenditure on this aspect was about 19 % in 1960 before declining to just over
10% at the end of the period. The figures for clothing and fuel followed a similar path, starting at 10%
and 6% then fell to 5% and 3% in 2000 respectively.

The upper graph illustrates the changes in the number of passengers traveling by train between 2000
and 2009 in an unspecified geographical location, while the lower graph shows the proportion of trains
running on time compared to the fixed target during the same period.

Overall, it can be seen that both the number of train users and the percentage of trains running on time
recorded fluctuations.
In terms of train travelers, after a slight increase to 40 million people in 2001 and 43 million people in
2002, this figure witnessed a decline to about 37 million people in 2003. However, the year 2005
witnessed a significant increase to about 47 million people in the number of train commuters. This is
followed by a downward trend to 40 million people in 2008 before rising back to 42 million people at the
end of the period.

The percentage of trains that were on time changed frequently throughout the period. In the first three
years, the on-time trains rate considerably grew from 92% to 95%, which met the target. Although trains
running on time exceeded the expectation, with rocketing to 96% in 2004, it failed to meet the target on
the next two years ( at 92%) . Finally, the percentage of on-time trains recovered and maintained to
approximately 97%.

The given pie charts illustrate the expenditure and consumption of resources, as well as the distribution
of the world population

Overall, it can be seen that Asia has the highest population among the continents, while the USA and
Europe take up most of the world’s resources consumption. In addition, food is the aspect that people
from all over the world spend money on most.
In terms of population, 57% of the world population lives in Asia, which was 4 times higher than that of
Europe and America, both stand at 14%. Although Africa is a large continent, its population just accounts
for 10% of the total population. The last 5% of the world population live in other places which are not
too suitable for human survival. Although the USA and Europe take up under 30% of the world
population, 60% of resources consumption comes from these places. The remaining 40% of resources
are shared among the rest of the 72% world population of other regions of the world.

According to the first pie chart, people of the world on average spent 24% on food. In clothing, they
spent 6% while this percentage is double for housing and triple for transport. The remaining 40% is the
combination of other categories for spending.
 Ngày Sáng Chiều Tối

1/11 T2 1 đề task 1 + task 2 Chuẩn bị speaking T3 Task 1 + 2 đề task 2

2/11 T3 1 đề task 1 + 1 đề task 2 2 đề task 2

3/11 T4 1 đề task 1 + 1 đề task 2 2 đề task 2

4/11 T5 1 đề task 1 + 1 đề task 2 Speaking

5/11 T6 1 đề task 1 + 1 đề task 2 Speaking

6/11 T7 1 đề task 1 + 1 đề task 2 1 read + 2 lis 1 read + 1 đề task 2 +

speaking

7/11 CN 1 đề task 1 + 1 đề task 2 1 read + 2 lis 1 read + 1 đề task 2 +

speaking

8/11 T2 1 đề task 1 + 1 đề task 2 1 lis + 1 read + 1 task 2

9/11 T3 1 đề task 1 + 1 đề task 2 1 lis + 1 read + 1 task 2

10/11 t4 Pray and review

Ielts hiện nay ở đầu của sự phát triển. Có thể nói ielts là vua của các loại chứng chỉ. Vừa có tiền, có
quyền. Vừa kiếm được nhiều $ lại được xã hội trọng vọng. Đứa bạn mình sinh năm 2005, học lớp 11D3
trường NTT. Tự mày mò, tìm tài liệu rồi tự thi Ielts lấy 7.5. Lấy được 7.5 ielts rồi nó đi làm giảng viên
tiếng Anh bên ngoài. Mỗi tối dạy 3-4 giờ là xong việc. Lương tháng 3k6 $. Nhưng thu nhập chính vẫn là
từ nhận dạy kèm member 11D3. Tuần làm 2 ,3 buổi dạy kèm nhẹ nhàng 9,10k tiền tươi thóc thật không
phải đóng thuế. Làm gần được 3 năm mà nhà xe nó đã mua đủ cả. Nghĩ mà thèm. Gái gú cứ nghe nó bảo
được 7.5 ielts thì chảy nước. Có bé kia dân du học sinh Úc, về được cô chị giới thiệu làm ngân hàng VCB.
Thế nào thằng ấy đi mở thẻ tín dụng gặp phải thế là hốt được cả chị lẫn em. 3 đứa nó sống chung một
căn hộ cao cấp. Nhà con bé kia biết chuyện ban đầu phản đối sau biết thằng đấy được 7.5 ielts thì đổi
thái độ, cách ba bữa hỏi thăm, năm bữa tặng quà giục cưới kẻo lỡ kèo. Đáng lẽ tháng này là đám cưới
tụi nó nhưng dính covid nên dời lại cuối năm rồi.
The table illustrates the percentage of the population visiting cinemas and the average annual visits to
the cinema, whereas the line graph compares the cinema visits according to different age groups.

Overall, the percentage of people attending the cinema increased, while the frequency decreased over
the given time. In addition, all age groups followed a similar trend of annual visits from 1996 to 2000.

In 1996, 62% of the population went to the cinema. After growing to 72% in 1997 and stabilizing in the
next year, this figure fell slightly to 70% in 1999 but then recovered again to 72% at the end of the
period. In terms of frequency, the yearly visits stood at 10.3 in 1996, recorded a moderate rise to 11,1 in
1997 before declining to 8,3 and remained stable in the last 3 years of the period.

According to the line graph, the number of visits in 1996 was between 10 and 15 for all age groups, with
the 50 + age group at the bottom while the young age group ( 14-24) was on top. However, all
classifications followed a similar trend with the average yearly visits fluctuating from 10 to 25 over the
rest of the period.
The given bar charts show how many hours children in various age groups spend with their moms and
dads.

Overall, It can be seen that the amount of time children are with their parents on weekends is slightly
higher than that of weekdays. In addition, dads are likely to have less personal time with their kids than
moms.

In terms of weekdays, children just spend a small amount of time with their fathers, with an average of
under 2 hours for all ages except from those who are 4 to 5 years old. Following a similar path, kids can
just have 1 to 2 hours with both their parents on weekdays. In contrast, the figure for mothers
individually is considerably higher, fluctuating between 5 and 6 hours.

According to the second chart, fathers have even less individual time with their children on weekends
compared to weekdays, which is just about 0,5 to 1,7 hours. The same downward trend is also
witnessed in that of mothers, with a decline to between 2 and 3 hours. However, parents put 5 to 6
hours into caring for their kids on weekends, which is much higher than on weekdays

Sai

Caring for chứ kp care

On weekends chứ kp in
The given maps illustrate how the layout of an art gallery’s ground floor has changed between
2015 and the present.
Overall, it can be seen that several changes have been made with various facilities being
relocated and converted, especially on the left-hand side of the ground floor.
In 2015, there were a café and a gallery office on the top left-hand corner of the ground floor.
However, in the present, the gallery office has been destroyed while the café has been
transformed into a gallery shop with a vending machine in front of it. A lift has also been built
next to the exhibition room 3 , which made the stair move a bit to the left.
The receptionist near the gallery office in 2015 has been moved to the south , locating in the
center of the ground floor. While 3 exhibition rooms on the right-hand side of the ground floor
witnessed no changes, the 4th exhibition room on the South West of it has been converted to a
children’s area and a temporary exhibition.
Tthe pictures below show the process of making clothes from recycled plastic bottles. Summarise the
information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.

The given diagram illustrates how clothes are made from recycled plastic bottles.

Overall , it can be seen that the process consists of 12 different stages, starting with the use of plastic
bottles and ending with the production of clothes.

At the beginning of the bottle-recycling process, after being used , plastic bottles are collected and
transported to recycling factories. Inside the factory, the bottles are then sorted , creating specific
categories. This is followed by a cutting process , turning collected bottles into smaller pieces, and then
those particles are washed in order to remove all the dust. Subsequently, wet plastic pieces are dried by
sunlight in 10 hours.

When there is no water left , dry pieces of plastic are put together to a boiling system to melt them. In
the following step, boiled plastic particles are strained to make a product called “ yarn” with many
colors. At the final steps of the process, the yarns go through a weaving and rolling process to produce
clothes.
The given bar chart illustrates how many people went to 4 different museums in London in 5 continuous
months, starting from June.

Overall, it can be seen that while British Museum attracted the greatest number of people during the
period, an opposite trend was witnessed in that of the National Museum

In the beginning, there were about 400,000 people who came to History Museum. This figure increased
remarkably to 600,000 in August before falling to about 250,000 people at the end of the period. The
number of visitors to the British museum followed a similar pattern, stabilized at about 400.000 people
in June and July. However, a significant rise by 300,000 to over 700.000 people was seen in August,
followed by a substantial decrease to over 450,000 in October.

According to the chart, National Museum recorded around 200,000 guests in the first 2 months, then
this number climbed up to approximately 300,000 in August after falling back to 200,000 in October.
The same trend was also witnessed in that figure of Science Museum. Starting at over 430,000 visitors,
this fluctuated around 400,000 people in July and August, went up to 500,000 people in the next month
and felt to 300,000 people at the end of the period.
Task 2
It is observed that in many countries not enough students are choosing to study science subject.

What are causes?

And what will be effects on society?

Nowadays, many countries are experiencing a downward trend in the number of students who choose to
study science subjects. There are some reasons to justify this trend and it also triggers unfavorable
impacts on society.

There are two primary reasons why students tend to choose other majors instead of science. The primary
reason is that science subjects are extremely difficult for students to be good at. In order to master a
science subject, it requires a lot of time to both study specialized knowledge and to practice the things
learned. As a result, students are often put under pressure to understand and complete all their tasks
accurately. Secondly, the chance to get a job after graduation among students studying science subjects is
quite hard compared to other subjects. Therefore, students are more likely to prefer majors that are not too
demanding to have a higher chance of employment.

The decline of students in science fields may cause negative impacts on society. The most clearly seen is
that this creates an imbalance between the number of students who study science and other majors.
Consequently, this may lead to the lack of labor in jobs which demand a high level of knowledge in
science such as computer engineering and programming. Additionally, science plays an important role in
society because it is the key factor to modernize the world and solve existing problems like global
warming and pollution. Fewer people participating in science fields means there will be fewer science
breakthroughs, which also means that the world will need more years to think of solutions for those
issues.

To conclude, reasons that cause the lack of students choosing science as a major vary, and this issue may
bring severe impacts on society.

Some people think that hosting an international sports event is good for the country, while some people
think it is bad. Discuss both views and state your opinion.

Some people think students should study the science of food and how to prepare it. Others think that
school time should be used in learning important subjects. Discuss both views and give your opinion?

Some countries allow old people to work to any age that they want. Do the advantages outweigh the
disadvantages?

In some countries, more young adults continue to live with their parents even after they have
completed education and found jobs. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
Many people believe that it is easier to have a healthy lifestyle in the countryside. Other believe that
there are health benefits of living in cities. Discuss both views and give your opinions.

It is often argued that the countryside is the best place to establish a healthy lifestyle , while other
people think that living in cities is likely to have more health advantages. However, I personally agree
with the former group.

On one hand, the primary reason why some people believe that city life is more beneficial for health is
that it is easier to get access to hospitals in urban areas than in the countryside. To lead a healthy
lifestyle, it is essential for people to have annual health checks in order to find out their existing disease
( diseases) so that they can reorganize their lives . Therefore , living in cities is much better than in the
countryside because while the number of health facilities located in rural areas is low, that figure for
cities is uncountable.

On the other hand, I would agree that people should choose the countryside if they want to live
healthily. Firstly , It cannot be denied that the countryside possess ( possesses) a remarkable (
remarkably) higher air quality than cities thanks to the absence of factories and industrial areas, which
plays an important role in avoiding respiratory problems such as lung diseases. Secondly, living in the
countryside means that people will be less likely to suffer from noise pollution; consequently , their
brains will function effectively . For example, a person living in an outskirt area of Hanoi may have better
mental health than the one living in the most densely populated district of the city because he is not
surrounded by annoying sound (sounds) from vehicles during the day.

In conclusion , while living in cities is good for health to some extent, I still hold the opinion that the
countryside is more suitable for those who love healthy lifestyles.

Children should do organized activities in their free time while others believe children should be free to
do what they want. Discuss both views and give your opinion?

It is sometimes argued that doing operated activities are beneficial for children in their free time, while
other people think that children should have the right to do their own interests. However, I personally
agree with the second group.

On one hand, the primary reason why some people think that children should do scheduled activities is
that these will help set up good habits for them . In general, parents are usually the ones who decide
what should their kids do in their free time , and these activities are normally designed to support
children’s intelligence and physical health such as reading books and playing soccer. For example , if a
child often reads book in his free time , not only his brain will work effectively but he may also keep that
positive hobby until he has grown up.

On the other hand, I would agree that children should be free to choose what they want to do in their
spare time is better. The first reason is that this will improve children’s decision-making skill , which is a
crucial skill for them if they want to be independent. Being put into an operated list of activities is likely
to make children grow up just following others’ commands . As a result, they will not be able to take
control of their own lives. Secondly, letting children create their own list of activities for their free time is
a new and easy way to find out their individual talents; therefore, parents can give their kids a hand to
develop those natural talents, which may even help them to orient their future careers .

In conclusion, although there are reasons to say that children should follow restricted activities in their
free time, I still hold the opinion that their own decisions on what they want to do will bring more
advantages to them.

Some people believe that it is best to encourage children to have a healthy diet at school while others
believe that parents should be the ones to teach children to have a healthy diet. Discuss both views and
give your opinion.

Nutritious meals have been playing an important role in the growth of children. It is said that school is
the best place to educate children about having a healthy diet, while others believe that this should be
the responsibility of parents. However, I personally agree with the second group.

On one hand , the primary reason why some people think that school is more suitable for encouraging
kids to have healthy diet is that at school , children can practice the habit in large groups , which is much
more effective in comparison with individual practice. When a child sees his friends enjoying nutritious
meals , he may follow his friends as well.

On the other hand, I would agree that parents should teach their children about healthy diets. The first
reason is that the effect of parents on their kids is undeniable because parents are the ones who are
closest to their children. Therefore , children can easily follow what their parents say. For example , if a
child’s mom told him to eat healthy food, we would probably do that without any hesitations ->
hesitation . Secondly, as children are more likely to imitate their parents’ behaviors, it is not a challenge
to encourage them to have healthy meals. The only thing that parents should do is eating -> eat
healthily every day, and their children will follow their hobby as an instinct.
In conclusion, although some people believe that children would rather be encouraged to have healthy
meals at school , I still hold the opinion that their moms and dads are more suitable for this job.

Some people think the newly built houses should be the same as the old houses in local areas. Others
argue that local authorities should allow people to build houses in their own styles. Discuss both views
and give your opinion.

It is argued that the architectural style of new buildings should be the same as that of old buildings in
local areas, while others believe that people should be free to design their own house the way they prefer.
I personally agree with the second group.

On the one hand, the primary reason why some people think that modern constructions should follow the
style of the old ones in local areas is that this helps preserve traditional and cultural values, which could
boost tourism in these areas. Take Hoi An, which is one of the most famous ancient cities in Vietnam, as
an example. Local people in this city are encouraged to preserve their old houses or construct new houses
in traditional architectural styles. As a result, Hoi An has become a popular tourist destination that attracts
millions of tourists on an annual basis.

On the other hand, I would argue that people should have the right to make their own decisions when it
comes to building their own house. The first reason is that many people do not like the style of old
buildings in their neighborhood. Their rights would be violated if they were forced to live in a house that
they do not feel comfortable about the design. Another reason that needs to be mentioned is cost. It would
be much cheaper to build a modern simple house rather than one which has to mirror past architectural
standards.

In conclusion, although some people say that the design and construction of modern and traditional
buildings should be the same, I personally believe that the owners should be allowed to decide the way
their own house will be built.

It is a natural process for animal species to become extinct (e.g. dinosaur, dodo…) There is no reason why
people should try to prevent this from happening. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Throughout the history of planet Earth, various kinds of animals had appeared and disappeared. It is often
said that the extinction of animal species is caused by nature; therefore, humans should not do anything to
stop this process. In my opinion, I believed that humans should take part in avoiding animals’
disappearance.
The argument that animal species are extinct naturally is reasonable to some extent. One major reason is
that the Earth’s feature changes over times, so it may be a challenge for animals to adapt. Take
Titanoboa- a giant kind of snake which dominated the planet 65 million years ago- for example, their
disappearance is due to the decline of the average temperature around the globe. Being born in warm
humid areas, their bodies were not designed for cold conditions so they were obviously varnished.
However, I believed that humans should take responsibility for the extinction of modern animal species.
Firstly, we have to admit that humankind has made the Earth a much worse place for survival than it used
to be in the past. By dumping waste into oceans or burying them in the ground, we have been directly
poisoning the habitats for numerous kinds of animals such as fish and rabbits, which would soon make
them no longer exist. Secondly, the activity of hunting rare animals such as elephants or whales has made
these species even more vulnerable. Thus, we should do something; for example, cutting off the amount
of waste, to protect endangered animals.
In conclusion, those above-mentioned convince me that the extinction of considerable
Species are an unnatural process but caused by human beings' elements, hence people should be
responsible for this dying out.

Lỗi : ( đã sửa )
Quên chia động từ
Sai số ít số nhiều
Humans chứ kp human
Habitats chứ ko habitants
Sau would đừng có chia
kinds of animals chứ kp kind of animals

Some people believe that it is a good idea that older people continue to work if it is possible for them to
do. To what extend do you agree or disagree ?
Aging has become a worldwide problem in recent years. It is sometimes argued that people who have
reached their retirement age should continue their job. In my opinion, I believe that this is not
beneficial.

In terms of allowing old people to continue their career, we have to admit that working helps their brain
function perfectly so that they may run lower changes of suffering from brain problems such as
Alzheimer’s disease, which makes it possible for them to live a wonderful and happy life. As a result,
they can somehow lessen the financial burden because family members will not have to spend too much
to take them to the hospital for annual health checks.

However, there are stronger reasons to argue that the elder should retire. One major reason is that the
work efficiency of the older ones will generally be lower than that of the younger ones, which can lead
to a fall in the productivity of the whole manufacturing system , creating numerous economic
disadvantages. Another reason for old people to take a rest after retirement is that they will create job
opportunities for young people. If old employees of a company do not retire after they have reached
their age, there will be much less occupation for the young ones who really need a job. Hence, this may
lead to a considerably more competitive employment market, as well as increasing the rate of jobless
people.

In conclusion, although it may bring several advantages for individuals and their family, I still hold the
view that people should quit their jobs and enjoy life as long as they are old enough.

Nowadays, international tourism is the biggest industry in the world. Unfortunately, international
tourism creates tension rather than understanding between people from different cultures. To what
extend do you agree or disagree ?

In today’s world, international tourism is generating enormous financial wealth and has
become the primary source of income for numerous countries around the globe. Although
many people think that this industry may cause tension, I strongly believe that it helps people
from distinct cultures understand each other better.
Some argue that the rise of global tourism is associated with conflict between visitors and local
people. These people claim that tourists often disrespect the manners of the place where they
travel to. Take Viet Nam for example , sometimes foreigners take Ho Chi Minh- the spiritual
symbol of Viet Nam- as the topic for jokes ; which makes the Vietnamese become really angry.
However, this can be avoided if visitors spend time learning through the history and culture of
Viet Nam before their trip .
On the other hand, there are stronger reasons to argue that international travel connects
people from all over the world. Firstly, it is clear that this development creates more
opportunities for visitors to establish relationships with local inhabitants . As a result , the
barrier of cultural differences between ethnics will be gradually faded . Secondly, the growth of
global travel not only improves the knowledge of visitors about local manners but also boost
the chance of international cooperation. For further explanation , in order to facilitate business
development , businesses’ embrace of local cultural traits is considered an important aspect.
In conclusion , I firmly believe that the development of cross-border travel should be supported
as it nourishes mutual understanding of people from different cultures.

Dear Ms. Brown,

I am writing to ask you about the life skills courses you advertised in the Teenage Magazine.

I am now in Grade 11 and have so much work to do that I don't have enough time to finish all. I
lack good time–management skills. I can’t schedule tasks effectively and don’t know how to
prioritise tasks. Could you advise me how I can use my time wisely and efficiently?

I would also like to know which course is suitable for me and how much the tuition fee will be. I
would be grateful if you could give me more information about the course duration, the trainer of
the course, the starting date and the certificate I will receive after finishing the course.

I hope that your answers will help me make the right choice.

I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours sincerely,

DẠNG PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

There is growing evidence that man-made activities are making global temperatures higher.
What might be the man-made causes of temperatures rising?

How should we deal with this problem?

Sample

It is true that there is an increasing number of human-related activities posing grave harm upon the
worldwide temperature. As far as I am concerned, this phenomenon can result in serious problems,
which can be tackled using appropriate measures.

It is possibly said that this issue may be caused by some main factors. One of the prominent reasons
concerning this problem is constructing a large number of factories. This is because the authority has the
propensity for cutting down hundred hectares of forest to make place for building manufacturing
facilities, which led to the fact that the flora and fauna’s habitat was destroyed. Henceforth,
deforestation is considered as the chief culprit behind the deterioration in the biodiversity’s quality.
Another factor leading to this situation is the proliferation in population. This means the acceleration in
using private vehicles. The transportation’s exhaust emission exerts detrimental impacts upon the air
and people’s health, resulting in the alarming rate of respiratory-related diseases.

In truth, some imperative measures ought to/ should be taken to resolve these prospective
issues. Restricting the building of factories or manufaturing facilites is highly recommended. This is
proven to reap greater benefits in preserving the majority of primative forests as well as exotic and rare
breed of animals and plants, which prevent them from utter extinction and help to restore the natural
balance. It is the government’s responsibility to encourage individuals to use mass transits. Therefore,
the air contamination will be decreased, and its quality will also be enhanced. In addition, the citizens
are encouraged to turn to using renewable- energy vehicles as the alternative to the fuel ones to protect
the environment and their health status.

In conclusion, there are indeed various repercussions regarding human-activities’ detrimental impacts
upon the environment, yet, they can be solved once according measures are enlisted imperatively.

Question: countries import a large amount of food from other parts of the world. Is this a positive or
negative development?

The food import market in various parts of the world has become increasingly popular these
days. In my opinion, I find this to be a positive development.

On the one hand, importing food products from other nations can adversely affect health.
Imported food is often subjected to chemical treatments to preserve its quality, preventing it
from deteriorating and oxidizing. The resultant intake of unhealthy levels of preservatives
such as aspartame or nitrosamines included in these products are long-term risk factors for
breathing problems and certain types of cancer in extreme cases. According to a recent
research carried out by the Vietnamese Ministry of Health, mild health symptoms such as upset
stomachs and vomiting are linked directly to the consumption of imported and improperly
treated meat products from China.

On the other hand, food imports provide a superior experience for customers. Through imports,
consumers are offered a wider range of choices, and are presented with food delicacies that are
often non-existent in their home country. For example, the vast majority of food products sold at
grocery stores in Singapore are imported from foreign countries. Every year, Singapore imports
millions- of -dollars worth of tropical fruits such as mangoes and watermelons from Vietnam and
various livestock commodities from Australia to meet the increasing demand of the domestic
market, allowing Singaporeans access to delicacies that cannot be produced domestically due to
geographical constraints.

In conclusion, despite the aforementioned drawbacks pertaining to food safety, consumers

stand to gain a great deal when it comes to imported foods. In my opinion, governments should
facilitate a thriving international market that incentivises a platform for safer and
standardized agricultural trading.

3. Template gợi ý cho dạng bài Advantage- Disadvantage

⚡ KHÔNG CÓ OUTWEIGH
1. Introduction
This essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of this trend
This trend would create certain benefits but there will also be some drawbacks
2. Body #1
Topic sentence On the one hand, there are several reasons why N is beneficial
Advantage #1 Firstly, ….
Advantage #2 Secondly, …
3. Body #2
On the other hand, there are a number of disadvantages of ……that people
Topic sentence
should take into consideration
Disadvantage
The principal one is that ….
#1
Disadvantage
In addition, ….
#2
4. Conclusion
In conclusion, … could bring about certain benefits, but its negative consequences should not be
overlooked

⚡ CÓ OUTWEIGH
1. Introduction
Advantage > disadvantage

In my opinion, the benefits of ….outweigh its drawbacks

Advantage < disadvantage

While this development may bring about some benefits, I would argue they are eclipsed the
drawbacks.
2. Body
Advantage > Disadvantage
Topic sentence
Body
On the one hand, …..offers people several benefits
1
Body On the other hand, I am of the opinion that the aforementioned advantages are at the
2 expense of greater drawbacks.
Advantage < Disadvantage
Topic sentence
Body 1 When S + V, several problems can be anticipated.
In spite of the drawbacks mentioned above, I believe that ………. is a positive measure/
Body 2
trend/ development
3. Conclusion
Advantage > disadvantage

In conclusion, while………may have some positive aspects, I believe they are outweighed by
the more significant negative aspects.
Advantage < disadvantage

In conclusion, it seems to me that the disadvantages of ……… are more considerable than its
advantages.

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