THE PASSIVE VOICE 1. THE FORMATION OF THE PASSIVE VOICE to be + Participle Il NOTE: the action is done TENSE ACTIVE PASSIVE ; to the subject Present | ask(s) am He asks/ is asked Heis asked g are On cnpaumeaer/ € Ero cnpawmsaior 3] Past asked was asked z were Future | will ask will be asked Present | am am He is asking/ 7 is asking | is being asked | Heis being asked 3 are are On ceituac cnpaumeaer/ 2 Ero ceiiuac cnpawueaior £| past | was ; WAS bei 5 Were 28King | Were being asked Future | willbe asking — | — Present | have have He has asked/ has 28Ked hag Deen asked | 116 has been asked 3 On ye cnpocun/ =| Past | had asked had been asked | Ero yxe cnpocunn 5 oa Future | will have asked | will have been asked MODAL VERBS can/could eee be done must/have to ‘should/would have been done needn't 107STUDY THESE EXAMPLES: Alot of rice is eaten in Asia. These houses were built about twenty-five years ago. Our class will be taught by another teacher next year. He said that our class would be taught by another teacher next year. He spoke very clearly; he could be heard by everyone. This letter must be answered at once. When he was in hospital, he had to be fed; he couldn’t eat himself. The books may be kept for two weeks. After that they must be returned to the library. 10, The librarian said that books might be kept for two weeks. Indefinite 1 2. 3. 4. 5. Lions and tigers can be seen in Zoos. 6. 7. 8, 9, 11. The little girl has been very ill and the doctor says she mustn't go to school, so she is being taught at home. 12. I couldn’t use my car last week, it was being repaired. 13, This room hasn’t been swept for a fortnight. 14. He said the newspaper had been thrown away. 15. He promised that by the end of the year the construction would have been completed. Perfect | Continuous 2. USES OF THE PASSIVE VOICE PECULIAR TO THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1. We use the passive when it is not so important (or unknown) who or what did the action: Q My article was published yesterday. Q Rome wasn’t built in one day. O The origin of the Universe will never be explained. 2, It's wrong to consider the passive to be another way of expressing a sentence in the active voice. We use it only when we don’t know or don't want to say who did it: QHelen likes English (But not “English is liked by Helen”. It sounds funny in English). 3. Only the verbs which take an object can go into the passive. Intransitive verbs can’t be used in the Passive voice. They are: = to fly, to arrive - to be, to become - to have, to lack, to possess, to consist, to belong ~ to hold, to suit, to resemble, to fit ~ to appear, to seem, to come, to go, to last Q The hall holds 500 people. Q They have a nice house. 108Q My shoes don’t fit me. Q Sylvia resembles a Greek goddess. Q My mother lacks tact. 4. There are sentences in th five having a passive meaning: Q This shirt irons well. Q Your book reads well. Q This coat will wear a lifetime. Q The door closed and there was silence in the room. 5. If you want to say who did it or what caused the action, use by or with: Q The house was built by my grandfather. It was destroyed by fire. Q The room was filled with smoke. CO The wood can be cut with a knife. 6. We use the infinitive after modal verbs and a number of other verbs. The passive infinitive is to be done/to have been done: QI want to be left alone. OQ The music could be heard far away. O My bicycle has disappeared. It must have been stolen. 7. Ifitis possible to make two different passive sentences, it is more usual for the passive sentence to begin with the person: Q Ann wasn't offered the job. Q The job wasn’t offered to Ann. STUDY THE PATTERN smb = was will be 8. Some verbs can be used only in the following type of passive constructions: told offered D> Given => smn promised explained 7 announced described smth ae was | E> deseribed | > tosmo dictated pointed out O The news was announced to everybody. Q Everything will be explained to you later. ). Passive constructions with the verbs to advise, to allow, to award, to deny, to forbid, to forgive, to grant, to offer, to order, to pay, to promise, to refuse, to show, to teach present some difficulties. In English the subject of such constructions corresponds to the Russian indirect object. The centre of passive construction in English is not changed. Pay attention to the following difference: © 109ACTIVE PASSIVE Russian A npocun Mena nonpocwnn ... I ckagan emy ... Mxe ckaganu ... English lasked ... Iwas asked ... I told him ... Iwas told Q He was given a ten days’ leave. O Have you been shown the documents? Q They were told to wait. 10. The verbs which take prepositional objects can form passive constructions of the following pattern: (the list of such verbs is given below) smb s sent for smth Lad a spoken about ‘will be laughed at Q The film was much spoken about. O The doctor was sent for. Mind the place of the preposition in Russian and English: RUSSIAN ENGLISH Hag wm Yacto cmeiorca. | He is often laughed at. Quem mHoro rosopunu. _| He was much spoken about. The verbs taking prepositional objects. It should be remembered that not all of them in this preposition in Russian. A to agree to/with ~cornawateca c 4eM-To to agree on/upon —npuiirn k cornaieHiio to arrive at an agreement = npwiitu K cornawieHiio to arrive at a compromise —npwittu k KoMnpomuccy to arrive at a conclusion = npwiitu K 3aknoueHWio to arrive at a decision =npwiitn K pewexinio to call for/on — 3ai1TV 3a KeEM-TO. to count on — HagesTboa, paccunTbiBae Ha Koro-1460 to deal with — UiMeTb Aeno C to hear of — CAbIWAaTb O to insist on/upon —HacTaMBaTb Ha to interfere with — BMeLWMBaTECA B, MCWATb to laugh at — CMesTbCA Han to look after — YX@KUBaTb 3a, to look at — cmorpetb Ha to put up with = npumupureca c to refer to — CCbINaTbCA Ha to rely on/upon —nonarateca Ha 110to send for —nocbinatb 3a to speak about/of, to ~ roBopuTe 0, c to talk about — roBopuTe oO to think of ~ aymatb 0 to write about —nucatb o to find fault with — npugupareca k to make fun of — HacMexaTBca Hag, to pay attention to - o6pauyarb BHUMaHKe Ha to take care of - 3a6oTuTECA O B to account for ~ OObACHATE to comment on — KOMMeHTMpOBaTS tolisten to ~cnyware ‘to look for - WCKaTb to operate on ~onepuposats to provide for —cHaOKaTb to lose sight of ~norepstb v3 Bay to make a fool of ~ Aypayit to make use of — UcnoNb3OBaTb to put an end to ~NONOxKMTb KOHEL, to take (no) notice of ~ (He) sameuaTe Q The boat was soon lost sight of. Q The child should be taken care of. QHis remark was taken no notice of. EXERCISES Ex. 1. (A) Practise saying these sentences and answer the questions. 1. a) The secretary will mail these letters tomorrow. b) These letters will be mailed tomor- row, and what about these ones? 2. a) Someone ought to wash those dishes right away. b) These dishes ought to be washed right away, and what about these ones? 3. a) The factory produced 5,000 cars every day last year. b) 5,000 cars were produced every day last year, and what about this year? 4. a) People drink a great deal of tea in England. b) A great deal of tea is drunk in England, and what about your country? 5. a) Craftsmen make many beautiful objects of paper in Japan. b) Many beautiful objects of paper are made in Japan, and what about India? 6. a) They used to sell medicine here. b) Medicine used to be sold here, and where is it sold now? 7. a) You must return these books within a fortnight. b) These books must be returned within a fortnight, and what about those ones? 8. a) A gang of workmen built this house in 1840. b) This house was built in 1840, and what about that one? Ex. 2. (A) Put the sentences into the Passive Voice where possible. Someone will drive you to the airport. Goldfish live in fresh water. The Egyptians built pyramids, We walked 4 miles yesterday. ROMo WwW5. They arrived at 7 last night. 6. They informed me about it. 7. Islepttill 8. 8. It'sraining. 9. You must obey the rules. 10. He’s sneezing again. 11. You can buy videos like this anywhere. 12. Someone has to write the history of this place. 13. They have sold their car to pay the debts. 14. They hold a meeting in the village hall once a week. 15. They have proved that there is no life on the Moon. 16. They owe a lot of money to the bank. Ex. 3. (A, B) Put the verbs in brackets into the Past Indefinite or Past Continuous Passive. Model: 1. They (shut) the window. The window was shut. 2. A beautiful melody (play). A beautiful melody was being played. 1. The student (ask) to tell the story again. 2. Such mistakes (make) by even the best students. 3. A modern tune (play) when we came into the hall. 4. Every morning the workers (tell) what they had to do. 5. The houses (build) of stone, brick and wood. 6. At last the problem (solve) to everyone's satisfaction. 7. A new museum then (open). 8. A week ago. two students of our group (choose) for jury service. 9. A special rule (make) for students to be taken to the University. 10. Last Friday he (meet) at the railway station. 11. When Tom was young, he (teach) two languages. Ex, 4. (B) Express the following sentences in the Passive. Do not mention the subjects of the active verbs. The first sentence has been done for you. Example: They asked me my name and address. Iwas asked my name and address. 1. Someone told us a very funny story yesterday. 2. The people gave him a hearty wel- come. 3. They have offered my brother a very good job. 4. The house agents showed us some very nice flats. 5. The secretary didn't tell me the exact time of my appointment. 6. They have never taught that rude boy good manners. 7. The teacher hasn’t asked Peter any questions at this lesson. 8. People wished the newly married couple a long and happy life. 9. They never tell me the family news. 10. The examiners didn’t give us enough time to answer all the questions. 11. A guide will show the tourists most of the sights of London. 12. He didn’t tell me the whole truth. Ex. 5. (A, B) Write the sentences in the Passive. Model: (my sister/operate on/a distinguished surgeon) My sister will be operated on by a distinguished surgeon. (a sound of violin/hear/in the hall) (he/praise/his father /hard work) (Bob/take for /his brother) (wake up/at 7 o'clock/my mother) (the envelope/find/on my desk) (this book/buy/a week ago) ogRens7. (the picture/paint/great artist) 8. (the window/break/the other day) 9. (the letter/post/tomorrow) 10. (your report/discuss/next week) 11. (the time-table/change/in a week) 12. (we/meet/at the station/Tom) 13. (the letter/bring/recently) 14. (milk/spill/ust/Jack) 15. (this cup/break/my iittle brother) 16. (the room/dust/carefully) 17. (she/show/the shortest way/station) 18. (the lecturer/ask/question/about Dreiser) 19. (I/lend/this book/last Tuesday) 20. (the telegram/send/her brother) 21. (the doctor/send for) 22. (the teacher/listen to/attentively) 23, (his speech/speak about/much) 24. (this article/refer to/often) 25. (the plan/agree upon) 26. (his lecture/listen to/with great 27. (he/find fault with/always) 28. (this house/live in/never) ferest) Ex. 6. (B) Read the situation and write a sentence. Use the words in brackets. Model: 1. He seldom keeps his promise. (he/can/ rely on) He can’t be relied on, 2. He's very sensitive. (he/not like/to laugh at) He doesn’t like to be laughed at. 1. The child is very ill. (The doctor/send for) 2. The old car is in excellent condition. (it/look after/well) 3. He was speaking for two hours. (he/listen to/in silence) 4. She is going into hospital tomorrow. (she/take good care of) 5. This little boy is always dirty. (he/look after/ properly) 6. She is always breaking things in the kitchen. (she/speak to/about her careless- ness) 7. He's a sensible man. (his advice/listen to/carefully) 8, The dentist said her teeth were very bad. (they/take care of) 9. He never broke a promise in his life. (he/can/rely on) 10. Shakespeare was born more that 400 years ago. (he/look upon/as the greatest of English poets). Ex. 7. (B) Put the following into the Passive, mentioning the agent where necessary. 1. You can't wash this dress. (it/dry-clean) 2. They discuss unimportant things. (a lot of time/waste) 3. They will type your letters in a minute. (the letters/type/in the other office) 4. | can’t play now. (my piano/repair/at the moment) 5. The guests ate all the sandwiches, and drank all the lemonade. (nothing/leave) 6. | can't find my parcel anywhere. (it/post?) 7. [have no information. (I/inform/of the change of the plan) 8. I'm afraid we have sold all our copies but we have ordered more. (more/order) 9. The letter can’t be mailed. (it/not stamp) 10. | would like to meet her mother. (I/not introduce/yet) 11.The town is in ruin. (it/destroy/ earthquake) 12. Itis difficult to do (it/more easily/do/machine) 13.Umbrellas and sticks are not allowed. (they/leave/in the cloakroom) 113Ex. 8. (B, C) Give the corresponding passive construction. 1. We looked through all the advertisements very attentively. 2. The gardener gathered all the dry leaves and set fire to them. 3. People will talk much about the successful debut of the young actress, no doubt. 4. You can rely upon your guide’s experience. 5. Why didn't the speaker dwell longer upon this question? 6. You should send the sick man to hospital. They will look after him much better there. 7. He was very glad that nobody took notice of his late arrival, 8. He was a brilliant speaker, and, whenever he spoke, the audience listened to him with great attention. 9. Why did they laugh at him? 10. Nobody ever referred to that incident again. Ex. 9. (B, C) Putin the correct forms, active or passive, of the verbs in brackets. How the Other Half Lives. Lord Manners was a rich and famous banker. When he (die), he (give) a magnificent funeral which (attend) by hundreds of famous people. The funeral was going to (hold) in Westmin- ster Abbey. Many ordinary people (line) the streets to watch the procession. The wonderful black and gold carriage (draw) by 6 black horses. The mourners (follow) in silence. Lord Manners (give) a royal farewell. Two tramps were among the crowd, they (watch) the pro- cession. As solemn music (can/hear) in the distance, one of them (turn) to the other and (whisper) in admiration, “Now, that’s what | call really living!” (from “Longman English Grammar Practice” by L.G. Alexander) Ex. 10. (B, C) Open the brackets, using the correct form in the Passive Voice. 1, Dictionaries may not (use) at the examination. 2. This copy (not read). The pages (not cut). 3. Why the car (not lock) or (put) into the garage? 4. I'm not wearing my black shoes today. They (mend). 5. This room (use) only on special occasions. 6. Bicycles must not (leave) in the hall. 7, He was taken to hospital this afternoon, and (operate on) tomorrow morning, 8. The damaged buildings (reconstruct) now, the reconstruction (finish) by the end of the year. 9. The paintings (exhibit) till the end of the month. 10. She heard footsteps, she thought she (follow). 11. Normally this street (sweep) every day, but it (not sweep) yester- day. 12. She is very selfish, she (spoil) by her parents. 13. This purse (leave) in a classroom yesterday, it (find) by the cleaner. 14, Thousands of new houses (build) every year. 15. Why don't you use your car? - It (repair) now, I had a bad accident a week ago. - Anybody (hurt)? 16. The children are very excited this morning. They (take) to the circus this afternoon. 17. My keys (return) to me yesterday; they (pick up) in the street. Ex. 11. (B, C) Open the brackets. Use the necessary tenses in the Passive Voice. 1. The living-room (sweep), (mop) and (dust). Itis clean now. 2. We (tell) to wait because the man (question) in the room. 3. If he comes in you (find) looking through his papers. 4. For the first two minutes he (occupy) with eating; then as his appetite (quiet), he took his time. 5. Why nothing (do) about it at the time? 6. You can’t go in. She (interview) for the TV. 7. She promised that nothing (do) till he came back. 8. | had a most unpleasant feeling that | (watch). 9. She looked a different girl. Her face (wash), her hair (comb). All traces of tears (remove). 10. We could still see the tracks where the car (drag) off the road. 114Ex. 12. (B, C) Use the verb in brackets in the appropriate form. 1. You can’t use the office at the moment, it (redecorate). 2. A new metro line (con- struct) now. One of its stations (build) in our street. 3. Like many medieval cities, Mos- cow developed round the walls of a stronghold. First a brick wall (build) around the merchants’ quarter which (know) as Kitaigorod, then, in the 16th century, a new wall (erect) round the so-called Bely Gorod. 4. Maize (use) by many peoples of the world to make their bread. 5. The house (lock) up before they set off. 6. Wherever ! went I found evidence that the camp (leave) only a short time before we arrived. 7. Everybody was busy as a welcoming party (prepare) in honour of the distinguished visitors. 8. The place looked wonderful. Everything (prepare) for the ball. The front lawn (floor) and (tent); palms and azaleas (place) round it. 9. Evidently the tea (sweeten) before | put sugar into it. Ex. 13. (C) Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense form in the Active or in the Passive. 1. Each of the children (receive) a due share of Mrs Gerhardt's attention. The little baby closely (look) after by her. 2. From the clink of dishes one could tell the supper (prepare). 3. The front door of his house (unlock) as he (leave) it. 4. Mrs Fripp (come) to inform her that dinner already (serve). 5. His phrase (greet) by a strange laugh from a student who (sit) near the wall. 6. A note (bring) in, addressed to Eleanor, and (put) on the table to await her. 7. When the door (close), old Jolyon (drop) his paper, and (stare) long and anxiously in front of him. 8. To his knowing eyes the scene below easily (explain). 9. The door (shut) behind him. 10. Finally, his name (call), and the boy (push) forward to her. 11. Finally he (persuade) by Bass to go away. 12. But when autumn (come) the cows (drive) home from the grass. 13. At lunch nothing (discuss) but the latest news. 14. "Will you work on this new job all your life?” The question (ask) with sincere interest. 15. She (tap) on the door. John (open) it. 16. Look! There’s nothing here. Everything (take) away. Ex. 14, (A, B) Translate into English. 1. Kro noctpomn sto 3fanue? 2. [ae ceiuac cTpost 3To 3maHue? 3. Kak Aonro ctpoutca 970 3naHve? 4. [ae cTpostca TaKve sfaHuA? 5. Kora OyfeT NocTpoeHO STO 3naHne? 6. Onstb o6cyxgaeTca sTOT BONpoc? 7. YacTo y Bac O6cyxgaioTcA NOAOGHbIe BONPOCH!? 8. AaBto ye sToT Bonpoc 9GcyxpaeTcA? 9. OGcyxnanca nv rae-HuOyAb sTOT BONpOC BO TOrO, Kak OH 6bIN NepemaH B KOMUTeET? Ex. 15. (A, B) Translate into English. Use the Pattern: isasked smb was envied Sontn will be forgiven 1. Ee He npoctunn. 2, MeHsa He cnpawuBanu. 3, StoT Bonpoc He sagaBanu. 4. Ero own6Ka 6biia npowweHa uM 3aGbITa. 5. Ei MHoro saBvpoBann. 6. Ee ycnexy 3aB/4q0Ba/IM MeHbLUe, 4eM oxa oxvana. 7. Ee OTCyTCTBNe MOKHO VaBHHVTb. 8. Hy, § npouleH? 9. Stor Bonpoc MoryT sagatb. 10. Te6a Moryt cnpocnte. 11. Ee Bonocam MoxXHO nosaBujoBare. 12. Takoe Henb3A npoctite. 115Ex. 16. (A, B) Translate into English. Use the Pattern: told is given smb ‘was offered smth will be promised shown 1. Me nokasanu, kak 9To Aenaerca. 2. Ei nooGewanu xopowyio paboTy. 3. Emy aann HoOBOe 3aslaHve (mission). 4. B oTene Bam GyAyT AaBaTb 3aBTpaK UM yKNH. 5. BaM NoKaxkyT aTy craTeio. 6. Hukakux OObSACHeHM MHe He Janu. 7. Sty pa6oTy manu Komy-To Apyromy. 8. Hosyio Mogenb emy noka3anu Ha BbicTasKe. 9. Ham KapTuHy He nokasanu. 10. MHe yOpaT» Huvero He OGeujanu. 11. Kora BaM pacckasanu sty McTopuio? 12. Bam nokagann ator KaTanor? 13. Bam npesioxunn 4TO-HUGyzb NoecTb? 14. Nlowemy He npennoxunn sty pabory? 15. Nowemy Ham storo He cKkasanu? 16. Korga 6yfer NoKasaH STOT punbM? 17. Flouemy MHe He anu cnoBapa B 6u6nuoTeKe? 18. KaKcomy CTyZeHTy AaAYT CTUNeHANIO. Ex. 17. (B, C) Translate the sentences into English. 1. Slekun storo npodeccopa scerna cnywatoT c GonbWuMM MHTepecom. 2. Mea npepean 2bxou. 3. Ero Bcerga mo6unn, n emy Bcerfa AOBepann. 4. O Hel saGoTaToA ee apyaba. 5. A yBepeH, 4TO sanvicka pina Hanvicala KapalHpalioM (in pencil). 6. sep oTKpbuTa NOxWNAA >keHUMHa, VW [>kelIH BEEN B ManeHbKyIO rocTuHyto. 7. Kpogate He Obuia sactenena, Cty 6bin cnoman. 8. O6 atom dunbMe MHOrO roBopar. 9. Moka roToBMncA 3aBTpak, MaTb NOAOWNA kK noctenu pe6exka. 10. Ei npogMKTOBANM NVCbMO MM 3apasin HECKONBKO BONPOCOB. 11. AHIO Cnpawmeann, Korna # BONA B KOMMaTY, rie wen oksameH. 12. Eli AanyT KBapTupy B STOM ome. 13. “Tae spay?” — npowentan on. - “3a HMM nocnann.” 14. K KOHUy STO Hefenn pa6ota 6ygeT 3asepwexa. 15. Ero faBHo He Bugenn. 16. MHe ckasanu, 4TO OKONO >KENIESHOAOPOKHOTO MOCTA CTPOATCA ABA HOBbIX AOMa. 17. MHe pacckasann, Kak AO‘KHO 6bITb NPUrOTOBNeHO 3TO Gniopo (dish). 18. OH ysHaeT, No¥eMy ero TyAAa NocbINatoT. 19. “Kya OH xonMn?” — “MHe He ckagann.” Ex. 18. (B, C) Translate into English. 1, Mie nokasanu, Kak 9T0 Gbino cpenaHo. 2. O Hei vee Xopouio OTabIBalOTCA. 3. Ei OBBACHMAM, KaK NonbgOBaTeCA THM ycTpOlicTEOM (device). 4. Bona B KeapTupe bina BbiKkMio4eHa, M Nocnasin 3a CaHTexXHViKOM (plumber). 5. B 6YOnvoTeKe emy npennoxunn uenbili pag crate Ha uHTepecyioulyio ero Temy. 6. MoxHo AM NoNOxKUTECH Ha TH UMeppbI? 7. Me MHoro pas NOBTOpsNH, HTo MHe Hao SpocuT® (give up) kypuTb. 8. Sanasann nu baM AONONHMTeNbHbIe BONPOCbI Ha oksaMeHe? 9. Ux Teno NoGNarogapumn 3a NOMOULb. 10. Emy nocoserosann noGonbule Obisarb Ha Boaayxe. 11. Hano nonOxUTb KOHeL, OTM GecnonesHbim cnopam. 12. Bac He Gyayt npociT BbicTynate. 13. Mlo¥emy sam sanpeTnnn wrpatb B byt6on? 14. Kora 8am npoAMKTOBANIM 9TO NUCbMO? Ex. 19. (B, C) Dictation-transiation. 1. Jeteii vacto Bogart (take) B KMHO W TeaTp. 2. Ei o6bABMAM, 4TO NOesA ye ywen. 3. Ero nonpocunu He BMewwHBareca. 4. Ei sanarin HecKONbKO BONPOCOB HM BeNeNn NopOxKAaTb. 5, ByneT /IM HaM npemOcTaBneH OTAeNbHbIM HOMep B OTeNe? 6. Ero BbIGop Guin BCeMY ono6pex. 7. B HayanbHoi wkone (primary) AeTe/ yuaT YNTATe VM CHUTaTb, C HAMM UrpaloT, 116vx passnexaiot (entertain). 8. Ei nponukroganu Heckonbko niicem. 9. Komy naayt oty paGoty? 10. Kake mepti Gynyr npvHaTel? 11. Toraa kak pag cTpownact wkona. 12. Hy, 4TO-HGyab yxe pellieHo? 13. Tam 3a Hum GyzeT XOpOWMiA yxon. 14. 4To roBopuAM Ha oTy Temy? 15. Vix y4at aHrnniickomy agbiky oKonO ropa. 16. Kor@a sto Hao cnenaTs? 17. Movemy To Henbsa cnenatb cero? 18. Koraa Bam CooGuMnn 9To uaBecTHe? 19. Tlowemy Hivero ewe He caenaHo? 20. Ye poptenvaHHbiA KOHUepT celuac vcnonisetcn? Ex, 20. (B, C) Translate into English, using the Passive Voice. ' 1. Bo Bpema akckypcwu no ropogy Ham nokasanu saBoA, rae nponsBoaMTeA cTanb. 2. Co MHO Tak HYKOrAa ewe He pasroBapuBann. 3. KHUTM, KOTOPbIe XOPOLO YUTAIOTCA, PEAKO Haiigeub Ha nonkax GuOnvoreku. 4. ObACHMAN 1M BaM, NoYeMy BaM Tora He paspelwMnn MpuHsTb yyacTve B COpeBHOBaHNAX? 5. Korfa Mbi npvexanu B Kues, sto 3faHve Obio TONbKO 4TO BOCCTaHOBNeHO. 6. B npouwwIOM MecsUe, HAKOHELL, BbILUNAa KHYra, KOTOpyiO C Takum HeTepneHvem oxvganu. Ceiyac ee wupoKo O6cyKaaloT B Npecce. 7. He ropopn TaKUX BELEN, a TO Ha TOOOK Gynyt cMesTeca. 8. MHe elle Hituero 06 3TOM He roBopumn. 9. Baw npoekt yke npuHAT? — Her, OH BCe ele paccMaTpuBaeTca. — CKONbKO Ke BDEMEHK ero xe paccmaTpuieaioT? 10. Bac ysefomsr no Tenerpady, kak TonbKo 4epTexn 6yAyT Nocnanbl. 11. Buepa emy npeanoxui HoByIo pa6ory, a oHa eMy He Hy kHa. 12. OH BkMO4N pagno. Vicnonuann Haiimata, doptenuanneili KoHYepT. 13. A He 3Han, KOMy MeHa npegctaensior. 14. Ha npveme Ha npodeccopa He O6paTunn BHUMAHUA, a BOKPyr ero XOPOWEHEKOM KeHbI pasBenn cyeTy (make fuss of). " 1, YTo-Hv6yab enaetca, YTOObI BOCCTAaHOBUTb STO sAaHne? 2. Ero ewe HuKorna HE Npvivmann 3a aHravYaHvia. 3. B TB0e/ KOMHaTe HANero He TPOHYNM C Tex nop, Kak TeOA nocnanu 6 caHatopuii. 4. 3a kaxpbili NEHHN Hy:kKHO OTUMTaTECH (account for). 5. Bac korma- Hu6yAb yuunu, Kak Hao BecTH ce6a? 6. LeTel yroctunn MopoxeHbim. 7. ¥ MeHa yKpanin Konnekunio Mapok. 8. Co MHOMi Tak HAKOrga He pasroBapuBann. 9. Hago 4TO-To cAenaTe Ans atux mogen. 10. Boicb, Yo aty Bagy HeNb3A NOYMHMMTe. 11. O ero npuaTene xopOLO orsbiBaioTca. 12. Moero Aagio nposgenn (promote to) 8 kanutaHbl. 13. TeGe CkadkyT, korga oTNpaBnAeTca noesp. 14. OHa 4yBcTBOBala, 4TO OT Hee 4YTO-TO CKpbiBaioT. 15, ByeT Tak TeMHO, 4TO MeHSI COBCeM He GyneT sugHo. 16. Tovey Tak npoxnagHo B sane? — Ero kak pas npoBeTpuBaior (air). UATaNbHbI 3aN, Kak BbI SHAeTe, NDOBETPUBAETCA HECKONBKO pas B eHb. m 1. BonbHoro He 6yayT onepuposatb Ges ero cornacusa. 2. Tenerpamma Obiia NpuHaTa NO3AHO HOUBIO, My, TAK Kak OHA Obia O4eHb BAKHOM, KANMTAaHa TyT Ke pas6yaMnn VM nepenann emy ee. 3. DakTbI, Ha KOTOpbie CCbINaNCA CBYeTeNb, 3avHTepecosanu anBokara. 4. Bbiio PaCCMOTpeHO MHOrO pasnVHeIx MapuipyTos, a 06 STOM AaxKe He NOAyMann. 5. MpoeKt Gti B OCHOBHOM OfO6peH, HO APXMTeKTOPY yKagaN Ha OTAeNbHbIe HemocTaTkn. 6. COBeTYIO BaM NOMTH Ha STOT KOHUepT: GypyT UCNONHeHbI BALM TOOUMBIe npovaBeseHA. 7. Ham OBBACHIAN HOBOe NPABMNIO, 3aTeM NPOAVKTOBANM HECKONEKO NPUMepos HAAN ynpaxKHeHHiA Ana pomawHel paOoTtl. 8. He GecnokoiiTect, 0 Bauem Garaxke Nosa6oTATCA MM OH GyfeT AocTapneH B HoMep. 9. OH He Crbiluan, 4TO B 9TO BpeMA roBOpMNoce. 10. Mbi ysHaem, XOpolwo 1M 3a HM CMoTpenn. 11. Emy qann nepsoKnaccHoe o6pasosane. 1173. REVISION Ex. 1. (B, C) Supply the required passive forms of the verbs in brackets. 1. Meg (look) upon as a perfect wife for a clergyman. 2. After his brother’s departure Paul sat for a long time thinking about what (say). 3. “I'm not prepared,” my father said, “to listen to your suggestions that you never (treat) fairly at school.” 4. "Remember | (pay) by an hour,” grumbled the driver. 5. But there were signs that order (restore) in the town. 6. Well, what (do) about it, Ted? 7. He went into the bedroom. The bed (turn) down for the night by the maid many hours before. 8. Please find out if our father (see) to leave. 9. She could have gone to Cambridge if she had wanted, she (offer) a scholar- ship. 10. On Friday she (give) two weeks’ notice at the Works. 11. Then the voice announced that the passengers (ask) to pass through the Customs. 12. | wondered to what extent she (influence) by his name to accept his offer. 13. Such are the matters that (deal) with in Mr Burroughs’s book. 14. | found the idea of going to Hereford very upsetting because | (promise) a very nice job a couple of weeks before. 15. Not far away she noticed the film manager in whose office she once (make) to feel so ridicu- lous. 16. “You must be very prosperous, Eustace, to own a car like that.” — "This car (lend) to me by an American woman.” Ex. 2. (B, C) Use the required passive forms. 1 The reception was all that (expect). When we arrived we (show) into some kind of hall where we (detain) with the rest of the actors. Apparently we (not/allow) yet to mingle with the other crowd. As the guests assembled in the room, it was plain to me that they (choose) carefully. Looking around I recognised Anthony Blanche. He (point) out to me often in the streets. | (interrupt) in my observation by a woman reporter whom the manager had led up to me. I (warn) against the dangers of being interviewed by strangers. As we (introduce) | made up my mind to avoid it at any cost. " It was Saturday night and Pete sat watching TV. People (kill) for an hour on the screen. Policemen (shoot) in the line of duty, gangsters (throw) off roofs, and an elderly lady slowly (poison) for her pearls, and her murderer (bring) to justice by a cigarette company after long discussions which (hold) in the office of a private detective. Villains holding guns (leap at) by brave, unarmed actors, and ingenues (save) from deaths by the quick-thinking young men. u The Connolly children (find) lurking under the seats of a carriage when the train (empty). They (drag) out and (stand) on the platform. Since they could not (leave) there, they (include) in the party that (send) by bus to the village. From that moment their destiny for ever (connect) with that of the village. Nothing ever (discover) about the children’s par- ents. Vv Bridgehampton. Friday. A disastrous fire broke out on the top floor of the Grand Hotel, Washington Road, in the small hours of the morning. 118The alarm (give) by the night porter. His attention (draw) to smoke issuing from one of the top floor windows by a group of young people who were returning late from a dance. Within five minutes the town Fire Brigade was on the spot. The work of fighting the fire, and evacuating the guests seriously (hamper) by the non-operation of the lifts. It (believe) that the fire (cause) by a short circuit in the lift machinery and had extended to the whole floor before it (observe). The flames (bring) under control in two hours. Two of the guests staying at the hotel lost their lives. They (trap) in their rooms and evidently (overcome) by fumes before the rescuers could reach them. A third guest (take) to hospital with multiple burns. His condition (report) as being serious. Ex. 3. (C) Use the required active or passive tense forms. 1 Jonce (know) a village teacher who (be) partially blind. He (deprive) of one eye as the result of infection. His blind eye (take) out, and a glass one (insert) in its socket instead. One day the teacher (need) to leave his class of small children alone for half an hour or so. But he (hold) back by one consideration. The children of the class (be) really unruly. He (know) that if they (leave) alone for any length of time they (become) violent and complaints (make) by their parents. Suddenly he (strike) by an idea. In a moment his glass eye (take) out of its socket, and (place) on the table. “Now, children,” he said, “I (go) out for a few minutes but you (observe) all the time by my eye. If anything (do) which (not approve) by me it (see) by my eye, and the child (punish) when I(return).” The children (impress) very much, and the teacher (go) off. But when he (return) an hour later it (seem) that a hurricane (pass) through the classroom. The teacher (astound). “Evidently”, he thought, “I (outwit). | wonder how.” In the classroom the tables (overturn), the walls (spatter) with ink from ink-bombs which (throw) during the battle which still (fight) out as a manifestation of high spirits. In fact, a good time (have) by all. The teacher (wonder) why the presence of his glass eye (not respect). He (look) round for itand (see) that it (cover) by a hat. W At the last glow of sunset, they (board) the aeroplane in inverse order of seniority beginning with the sergeant and ending with General Spitz. The plane they (provide) with was luxurious for the wartime. It (fit) with seats. Little lights (glow) along the roof. Soon the doors (shut). The lights (go) out. It (be) now completely dark. What once (be) windows (paint) out. The roar of the engine (impose) silence on the party. Dan, who (put) himself next to the cockpit, (long) for a forbidden cigarette and (try) to compose himself for sleep, though it (be) far from his normal bedtime. He (wear) the same shirt all day without a chance of changing. In the hot afternoon it (be) damp with sweat. Now in the chill upper air it (cling) to him and (set) him shivering. It (not occur) to him to bring his greatcoat. It (be) an unsatisfactory day. He (wander) about the streets of the old town with the Lieutenant. They (lunch) at the club and (order) to report at the airfield two hours before they (need). He (not dine) and (see) no hope of doing so. He (sit) in black boredom and discomfort until, after an hour, sleep (come). (Ex. 2-3.are taken from “An English Grammar Practice Book” by LLP. Krylova) 119Ex. 4. (C) Translate the verbs in bold type into English. A Monogoit nucatenb xoqMn B3aQ Mu Bnepeg no KoMHaTe. OH nbIranca HaiiTu Temy ANA pacckasa. Paccka3 6bin faBHo O6eusaH pegaktopy. Cpok nogxoaMn, a Huvero eue HE 6bino cAenaHo. Monogoi nucatenb NocMOTpeN Ha KHWKHbIE NoNKM. “CkONbKO Ke HanucaHo, - noAyMan oH. - Boe xopouie TembI y>ke MHOTO pa3 McnoNbsOBaHI. BoT xoTA Obl 97M pacckasbl. OnW GEM HanMcaHbI GO Moero poxseHua. Varo xopowue pacckasbi. Bes COMHEHIA, 4x 8 CBOe BPEMA HMTANH, OH HPABMANCh, VO HX FOBOPUAM. Ho ceiyac OHM COBepWeHHO SaGbITBI. A YTO, eC ...” K KOHUy AHA OfMH v3 3aGbITEIX paccKasoB GIN Nepene4aTaH YU OTOCNAH B pepaKunio. Ha cnepyIOulMit eH’ NPUUUNO NMCbMO M3 PenaAKUMH xypHana. “3To Geso6pasue, — nucan pemakTop. — Take NOCTYNKM HENb3A HM NPOCTMTb, HM MOHATD. Beab ator pacckas 6bIN ORYGAMKOBAH B HalueM xypHane TONbKO Mecal TOMy Hagan.” B MactHas xusHb Xomopu Borapta. Haw crapwili 6yxrantep yusen Ha nleHcHio, Ha ero MeCTO BSANM HoBOrO. Yepes HeAenIo ero yxe SHANK BCE, 4 BCeM OH HpaBMnca”. BeIACHIANOCE, YTO OH KeHAT, UY Hero eCTE peGeHoK. Bbino peueHo, 470 OH XOPOWMii YenoBeK, THXMiA M CKPOMHBI”. Mei Torga u He AyMann, TO 4epes HECKONBKO HefeNb O Hem GyfeT OBOPUTE BCA KOHTOpA. Cnyuunoce ato Tak, BecHa B NPOWWNOM ropy npuuina pako. B OHO npeKpacHoe ytpo koHTopa 6bina nonHa nepewenTbiBaHnii. Borapta BAAeNM B pectopate Cc AeBywKON. OH env MopoxeHoe, MW OH CMOTPeN Ha Hee BNiOGNeHHbIMU rnasamu. Yepes HeckonbKo AHelt ero BUAeNM C STO! Ke DEBYWKO! B CAMOM TeMHOM yrny napKa. Oxv yenopannes. Yepes Hemenio vx BoTpeTANM Ha Nise. ~ YTo-To Hao CAeNaTb, — Gbino oGujee peweHue. — Emy Hao CKagaTb, ero Hao OCTaHOBMTb, eMy Hao OGBACHMT. HaxkoHeu emy Benenn ceiivac Ke “ATM B KaOMHeT AMpeKTopa. TaM ero BCTpeTMna YenaA komucona. ~— Xsmeppu Borapt, - ckazan Aupektop. — Bac MHoro pa3 BUREN C MONOAO! KEHUIMHOI... Notom Borapty Benenu na cnepyiouii xe AeHb NpYBeCTU STy MONOAYIO *KeHUIMHY K AMpexTopy ANA CepbesHoro pasroBopa. - Ho, - ckasan oH. — SasTpa Henb3a. OHa NOBemeT peGeHka Kk Bpayy. ~ Tak Tam yxe eCTb peGeHok! — BocknuKHyn Npodopr. - KoHe4Ho, - orBeTun OH. — A AYMAN, UTO BCe yxe SHAIOT. ~ 3nauT, ST0 6bina Bawa eHa! — CKaganu MBI. - Tlovemy >xe BbI 9Toro cpaay He ckasann? - Mex He cnpaumeanu, - oTBeTuNn OH. (From “Practical English Grammar by Correspondence” by E.A. Nathanson) 4. TESTS 1 1. Tokaxute mie, rae 8 BaLeM ropone CTpoMTCA HOBbIi TeaTp. 2. 3umoii caet saxuraeTca paHo. 3. 3a Gunetul naBHo ynnaveno. 120BOONDOD BOEONOUpRONa BOPNanaeNs zs ero BOONE Ero MOxHO Gbino BUeTb 8 Cay B ioByto norony. Ham B narepb perynspHo AOCTABNRIOT NPOBUSHIIO 4M NOMTy. Kan, YTO Ha KOepeH\M TAKUX BON|POCOB He KACANUcb. 06 stoi kHure yxe HanucaHo MHoro crateli. Hag Hum Bcerfa CMeAnCb, Kora OH ObUT LUKONbHUKOM. Huuero yaveitTenbHoro, 4To useTbi gaan (fade), Ux He nonuBann yenylo Henenio. . Tlocne natva @ cnbian, To 3a Yapnb3om nocnanu. Buus rio 90d ynnye CTpoMTCA HOBbIM KBaptan OMoB. Te6a uHTepecyer paGota, KoTopyio TeGe npennoxunu? Ero npwuinoct npoonepupopatb. Tocmorpu! Pas6unn Hae OKHO. Ypoku HyKHO AenaTb Gonee unTepecHbimu. CrygenTam Benenu nopoxpate 3a ABepbIO. loctopoxHix npocar yin c cobpatiua (leave). SlnouyscTsoBan, YTo emy yxe 3anaBann Stor BONpOC. 06 sto KaptuHe MHoro roBopaT. MHe ee OYeHb XopowO onucann. STM HeMOCTaTKM MOxKHO Nero yCTpaHitT® (eliminate). Sta sBe3qa XOpowo Bua TONbKO Nocne saxova CONHUA. Ham coo6wnut 06 SToM Tonbko nepen Hayanom Co6paHua. Tenio Jay 8 cembe Moero oTUa He MOGWAM, ee CUMTaNM raynon. Snpucnywanca, 8 sane urpanu KoHLept Mouapta. Mena npwianv npexpacko u yrocrunn o6en0M. S| He Mor ckagaTb eMy, 4TO NOTPATUN AeHETM, KOTOpbIe MHe Aan Ha yYe6HUKn. Ox npu6ein nocne Toro, Kak noracno (cut) sneKTpuyecTBO. Mt HaGnioganu, kak pasrpy>xanuic (unload) Kopa6au. Ee Hurge He 6bino BUAHO. SlysepeH, 4To 3a HUM nocnenyloT MHorHe. Ero Hukorga He npurnawanu Ha BeYepuHKu. Muorve crappie 3nakua B roponax celivac samexaiorca (replace) HOBbIM 3aHiaMM. Ecnw stot npouecc He KOHTponMpoBaTb, roposa CKOPO NOTepAIOT CBON YHUKaNIbHbIA OOK (character). Korga Moprau ymep, ero KonmeKUMA KApTVH 6biNa pacnposaxa (sell out). TOT AOKyMeHT AOMKeH ObITe NOANUCAH. Okto 6bino pas6uTo BeTpoM NpOWNON HO4bIO. 3necb peMoHTupyiot Ty¢AM UM BOTHHKH. Ham nocTosHHo HaniomuHaicT 06 onacHocTu sarpasHeHua (pollution) okpyxalouyevi cpebI. Ckopo Aaxe cambie oTAaneHHbie (remote) ocTpoza 6yAyT nocewjaTbCA TypucTaMu. |. STOFO HNKTO He oxkiaN (expect).