FPT UNIVERSITY- CAMPUS CAN THO



INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT [MAS202]

TOPIC: SCENARIO 1-5

Student name: Ngô Chí Thiện

Code: CS170289

Class: IB1604

Phone: 0901281607

Email: ThienNCCS170289@fpt.edu.vn

Cần Thơ, 10/23/2022

 SCENARIO 1:

The table below contains the opinions of a sample of 200 people broken down
by gender about the latest congressional plan to eliminate anti-trust exemptions for
professional baseball.

1. Construct a table of row percentages.

For Neutral Against Total
Female 36.53846 51.92308 11.53846 100
Male 12.5 37.5 50 100
Total 25 45 30 100

2. Construct a table of column percentages.

For Neutral Against Total
Female 38 54 12 104
Male 12 36 48 96
Total 50 90 60 200

3. Construct a table of total percentages.

For Neutral Against Total
Female 38 54 12 104
Male 12 36 48 96
Total 50 90 60 200

4. How many percent of the 200 were females who were either neutral or against
the plan?
(51.92+11.54) = 63.46%
5. How many percent of the 200 were males who were not against the plan?
(12+36)/200*100=24%
6. How many percent of the 200 were not neutral?
(50+60)/200*100=55%
7. How many percent of the 200 were against the plan?
(60/200)*100=30%
SCENARIO 2:

Given below is the stem-and-leaf display representing the amount of detergent

used in gallons (with leaves in 10ths of gallons) in a day by 25 drive-through car
wash operations in Phoenix.

1. Suppose that a percentage histogram for the detergent data is constructed, using
"9.0 but less than 10.0 gallons" as the first class. Determine the percentage of
drive-through car wash operations that use “12.0 but less than 13.0 gallons” of
detergent?
24%
2. If a percentage histogram for the detergent data is constructed, using "9.0 but
less than 10.0 gallons" as the first class, what percentage of drive-through car wash
operations use less than 12 gallons of detergent in a day?
68%
3. If a relative frequency or percentage distribution for the detergent data is
constructed, using "9.0 but less than 10.0 gallons" as the first class, what
percentage of drive-through car wash operations use at least 10 gallons of
detergent in a day?
88%
4. Construct a relative frequency or percentage distribution for the detergent data,
using "9.0 but less than 10.0" as the first class.

Gasoline Purchases (gals) Frequency

Less Than
9.0 but less than 10.0 3
10.0 but less than 11.0 8
11.0 but less than 12.0 17
12.0 but less than 13.0 23
13.0 but less than 14.0 25

5. Construct a cumulative percentage distribution for the detergent data if the

corresponding frequency distribution uses "9.0 but less than 10.0" as the first class.

Gasoline Purchases Frequency Less Percentage Less

(gals) Than Than
9.0 but less than 10.0 3 12
10.0 but less than 11.0 8 32
11.0 but less than 12.0 17 68
12.0 but less than 13.0 23 92
13.0 but less than 14.0 25 100
6. Construct a percentage histogram for the detergent data, using "9.0 but less than
10.0" as the first class.

7. Construct a cumulative percentage polygon for the detergent data if the

corresponding frequency distribution uses "9.0 but less than 10.0" as the first class.
8. Construct a percentage polygon for the detergent data if the corresponding
frequency distribution uses "9.0 but less than 10.0" as the first class.

SCENARIO 3
The rate of return of a Fortune 500 company over the past 15 years are: 3.17%,
4.43%, 5.93%, 5.43%, 7.29%, 8.21%, 6.23%, 5.23%, 4.34%, 6.68%, 7.14%, -
5.56%, -5.23%, -5.73%, -10.34%
1. Compute the arithmetic mean rate of return per year.
2. Compute the geometric mean rate of return per year for the first four years.
3. Construct a boxplot for the rate of return. What is the shape of the distribution
for the rate of return?
a.
Get 3.17%, 4.43%, 5.93%, 5.43%, 7.29%, 8.21%, 6.23%, 5.23%, 4.34%, 6.68%,
7.14%, -5.56%, -5.23%, -5.73%, -10.34%
3.17+4.43+...+ (−5.73 )+(−10.34) 37,22
Arithmetic mean rate=∑xi = = 15 =2.4813 or
15
2.48%
b.

To find out the geometric mean we will first convert the percentage of rate of
returns into factors. So,

Geometric mean=[ (1+r1) + (1+r2) +..... (1+rn) ]1/n-1

Geometric mean = [ 1.0317 × 1.0443 × 1.0593 × 1.0543 ]1/4 - 1

Geometric mean = 0.0473 or 4.73%

c.

Minimum -0.1164

1st Quartlie -0.00610

Median 0.05200

3rd Quartlie 0.06080

Maximum 0.0821
The shape of the distribution for the rate of return is left-skewed.
SCENARIO 4
Two different designs on a new line of winter jackets for the coming winter are
available for your manufacturing plants. Your profit (in thousands of dollars) will
depend on the taste of the consumers when winter arrives. The probability of the
three possible different tastes of the consumers and the corresponding profits are
presented in the following table.
Probability Taste Design A Design B
0.2 More conservative 180 520
0.5 No chance 230 310
0.3 More liberal 350 270

1. What is your expected profit when Design B is chosen?

2. What is the variance of your profit when Design A is chosen?
3. What is the standard deviation of your profit when Design B is chosen?
4. What is the covariance of the profits from the two different designs?
5. What is the expected profit, the total variance, and the total standard deviation
if you increase the shift of your production lines and choose to produce both
designs?
Solution:
1. Design B
Use the Expected Value of a Discrete Variable formula to calculate the following
in this case:
N

µ = E(X) = ∑ x i P (X =xi )
i=1

E(B) = (520 x 0.2) + (310 x 0.5) + (270 x 0.3) = $340 thousands

2. Design A
N

µ = E(X) = ∑ x i P (X =xi )
i=1

E(A) = (180 x 0.2) + (230 x 0.5) + (350 x 0.3) = $256 thousands

Use the Variance of a Discrete Variable formula to calculate the following in this
case:
N

σ = ∑ [ xi −E ( X ) ] P ( X=x i )
2 2

i=1

= [(180 – 256)2 x 0.2] + [(230 – 256)2 x 0.5] + [(350 – 256)2 x 0.3]

= $4,144 x 10002 = $4,144,000,000
3. Design B
N

σ = ∑ [ xi −E ( X ) ] P ( X=x i )
2 2

i=1

= [(520– 340)2 x 0.2] + [(310– 340)2 x 0.5] + [(270– 340)2 x 0.3]

= $8,400 x 10002 = $8,400,000,000
Use the Standard Deviation of a Discrete Variable formula to calculate the
following in this case:

√∑
N
σ =√ σ = [ x i−E ( X )]2 P(X =x i)
2

i=1

= √ 8,400,000,000 = $91,651.51
4.
Use the Covariance of a Probability Distribution formula to calculate the following
in this case:
 N
σ XY = ∑ [ x i−E ( X ) ] [ y i−E ( Y ) ] P(x i , y i)
i=1

= [(180 – 256)(520 – 340) x 0.2] + [(230 – 256)(310 – 340) x 0.5] + [(350 – 256)
(270 – 340) x 0.3]
= - $4,320 x 10002 = - $4,320,000,000
5.
 Use the Expected Value of the Sum of Two Designs formula to calculate the
following in this case:
E(X + Y) = E(X) + E(Y)
= E(A) + E(B) = 256 + 340 = $596 thousands
 Use the Variance of the Sum of Two Designs formula to calculate the following
in this case:
Var(X + Y) = σ 2X + Y = σ 2X + σ 2Y + 2σ XY
= 4,144,000,000 + 8,400,000,000 – (2x 4,320,000,000) = $3,904,000,000
 Use the Standard Deviation of the Sum of Two Designs formula to calculate the
following in this case:
σ X + Y = √ σ 2X +Y = √ 3,904,000,000 = $62,482

SCENARIO 5
Given below are the rating and performance scores of 15 laptop computers.
Performanc
e
Score 115 191 153 194 236 184 184 216
Overall
Rating 74 78 79 80 84 76 77 92
Performanc
e
Score 185 183 189 202 192 141 187
Overall
Rating 83 78 77 78 78 73 77
1. What is the sample covariance between the performance scores and the rating?
2. What is the sample correlation coefficient between the performance scores and
the rating?
3. How will you classify the linear relationship between the performance scores
and the rating?
Solution:
1.
n

Cov (X,Y) = ∑ ( X i− X ) (Y i −Y )
i=1
n−1
1244.467
= 15−1 = 88.8905

2.
cov (X , Y )
r= Sx S y

S x = 29.115

S y = 4.605

88.890
→ r = 29.115 x 4.605 = 0.6629

3.
When the coefficient of correlation gets closer to +1, which indicates a quite strong
positive linear relationship between the performance scores and the rating.