Probabilty

22 Probability
SECTION - I : STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE

22.1 A die is rolled three times, the probablity of getting a large number then the previous number is :
5 5 1 5
(A) (B) (C) 6 (D)
216 54 36
22.2 In a room are 4 students each of which is equally likely to be a girl or a boy. 2 students have
walked out from the room, first is found to be a boy and the second a girl. The probablity that
the remaining students are boys is
2 1 1 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
7 4 2 8
22.3 Let set 'A' has 7 elements and set B and 5 elements. If one function is selected from all possible
defined functions from A to B then the probablity that it is onto is
7! 2 7! 7! 7!
(A) (B) (C) (D)
35 6
10  5 6
5 6
5!
1 1
22.4 Let A & B are events of an experiment of P(A) = , P(AUB) = then value of P(B/AC) is
4 2
2 1 5 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 3 6 2
22.5 A 5 digits number is formed by using the digits 0,1, 2, 3, 4, & 5 without repetition. The probabliity
that the number is divisible by 6 is:
(A) 0.08 (B) 0.17 (C) 0.18 (D) 0.36
22.6 3 integers are chosen at random from the set of first 20 natural numbers. The change that their
product is a multiple of 3, is :
194 1 13 3
(A) (B) (C) (D)
285 57 19 4
22.7 Three critics review a book. Odds in favour of the book are 5 : 2, 4 : 3 and 3 : 4 respectively for the three
critics. The probability that majority are in favour of the book is :
35 125 164 209
(A) (B) (C) (D)
49 343 343 343
22.8 A bag contains 5 balls all of different colous (one of which is white) three persons A, B and C whose
1 2 3
probabilities of speaking truth are , and respectively assert that a ball drawn from the bag
2 3 4
is white, the probability of truth of their assertion, is
96 24 1 6
(A) (B) (C) (D)
97 25 20 7
22.9 A class consits of 80 students, 25 of them are girls and 55 are boys. If 10 a them are rich and
the remaining poor and also 20 of them are intelligent then the probabality of selecting an
intelligent rich girl is -
(A) 5/128 (B) 25/128 (C) 5/512 (D) none of these
22.10 An unbaised coin is tossed 6 times. The probablility that 3rd head appears on the 6th trial is
5 5 5 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
16 32 8 64
22.11 Numbers are selected at random one at a time, from the number 00, 01, 02, ........., 99 with
replacement. An event E occurs if any only if the product of the digits of a selected number is
18. If four numbers are selected, the probablity that the event E occurs 3 time is equal to :
37 24 96
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
390625 390625 390625
22.12 There are two urns A and B. A contains 5 red, 3 blue and 2 white balls, urn B contains 4 red,
3 blue and 3 white balls. An urn is choosen at random and a ball is drawn. Probability, that the
ball drawn is red, is equal to
9 1 11 9
(A) (B) (C) (D)
10 2 20 20
1 1 1
22.13 Let A, B, C, D, be independent events such that P(A) = . P(C) = and P(D) = , then the
2 5 6
probability that none of A, B, C and D' occurs
1 1 1
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
180 45 18
22.14 There are 8 girls among whom two are sisters, all of them are to sit on a round table . The
probabality that the two sisters do not sit together is
5 2 3 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
7 7 8 8
22.15 A pair of unbised dice are rolled together till a sum of 'either '5 or 7' is obtained. The probability
that 5 comes before 7 is
(A) 2/5 (B) 3/5 (C) 4/5 (D) none of these
22.16 A ten digited number is formed without repeating any digit. The probability that the difference of
the digits at equal distances from the begining and the end is always 1, is
17 4 1 34
(A) (B) (C) (D)
1944 27 945 243
SECTION : II : MULTIPLE CORRECT ANSWER TYPE

22.17 A bag initially contains one red & two blue balls. An experiment consisting of selecting a ball at
random, noting its colour & replacing it together with an additional ball of the same colour. If three
such trials are made, then :
(A) probability that atleast one blue ball is drawn is 0.9
(B) probability that exactly one blue ball is drawn is 0.2
(C) probablity that all the drawn balls are red given that all the drawn balls ae of same colous
is 0.2
(D) probability that atleast one red ball is drawn is 0.6.
22.18 The real numbers, x & y are selected at random. Given that 0  x  1; 0  y  1. Let A be the
event that y2  x. B be the event that x2  y, then :
1
(A) P (A  B) = (B) A & B are exhaustive events
3
(C) A & B are mutually exclusive (D) A & B are independent events.
22.19 Two persons A and B have n + 1 n and coins respectively. Which they toss simultaneously. Then
the probablility that A will have more heads than B is :
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) > (C) < (D) >
2 2 2 3
1  4p 1– p 1– 2p
22.20 If , , are probabilities of three mutually exclusive events, then the possible
4 4 4
values of p belong to the set :
 2  1  1 1  2 2
(A)  0,  (B)  0,  (C)  – ,  (D)  – , 
 3  2  4 2  3 3
22.21 Consider the cartesian place R2 and let X denote the subset of point for which both coordinates
1
are integers. A coin of diameter is tossed randomly into the plane. The probability p that the
2
coin corvers a point of X satisfies :
   1
(A) P = (B) P < (C) p > (D) p =
16 3 30 4
22.22 Statement-1 : If P is chosen at random in the closed interval [0, 5], then the probability that the equation
1 3
x2 + Px + (P + 2) = 0 has a real root is .
4 5
Statement-2 : If discriminant of a quadractic equation is non-negative, then roots of the quadratic
equation are always real.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct a explanation for Statement1.
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; STatement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for
Statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True
22.23 Statement-1 : x + y + z = 5, xy + yz + zx = 3 and x + 2y  5 (x, y , z  R) then the probability

13
for x is positive only is
.
16
Statement-2 : If x + y + z = 5 and xy + yz + zx = 3 then maximum and minimum values of x, y
and z are same.
Statement-1
22.24 Statement-1 : A card is drawn from a well suffelled ordinary deck of 52-playing cards. Let A be the event
that 'card drawn in an Ace' and B be the event that 'card drawn in a spade.' Then the events A and B are
independent.
Statement-2 : Let A and B be two non-empty events If P (A/B) = P(A), then the events A and B
are independent.
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; STatement-2 is not a correct explanation for
Statement-1
22.25 Statement-1 : Two non-negative integers are chosen at random. The probability that the sum of their
squares is divisible by 5 is 9/25.
Statement-2 : If at the unit place in any number is zero that number is only divisible by 5.
Statement-1
3
22.26 Statement-1 : If A and B are two events such that 0 < P(A), P(B) < 1, then P (A/ B ) + P( A / B ) = .
2
P(A  B)
Statement-2 : If A and B are two events such that 0 < P(A), P(B) < 1, then P(A/B) = and
P(B)
P( B ) = P(A  B ) + P( A + B )
Statement-1
22.27 Statement-1 : An integer is marked on each of 5 different tickets. The integers maked are out of 5
consecutive integers. If no two tickets beer equal numbres, then the probability that the
2
numbers on three tickets at random are in A.P. is .
15
Statement-2 : An integer is marked on each of (2n + 1) different tickets. The integers maked are out
of (2n + 1) consecutive intergers. If no two tickets beer equal numbers, then the
3n
probability that the number on three tickets at random are in A.P. is .
4n2 – 1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for
Statement-1
22.28 Statement-1 : A card is drawn from a well shuffed ordinary deck of 52-playing cards. Let A be the event
that 'card drawn in an Ace' and B be the event that' card drawn is a spade' Then the
events A and B are independent.
Statement-2 : Let A and B be two non-empty events. If P (A/B) = P(A), then the events A and B are
indendent.
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for
Statement-1
22.29 Statement-1 : In throuwing of two dice, let the events A, B, and C be the first dice shows an even
number. ' the seconds dice shows an odd numbers' and 'both the dice show an odd
numbers or both the dice show an even number respectively. Then P(A) = P(B) =
1 1
P(C) = and P(A  B) = P(B  C) = P(C  A) = . Therefore A, B and C are
2 4
mutually independent events.
Statement-2 : Three events A, B and C are mutually independent if any only if P(A  B) = P(A). P(B).
(B  C) = P(B). P(C). P(C  A) = P(C). P(A) and P(A  B  C) = P(A). P(B). P(C)
Statement-1
22.30 Statement-1 : A card is drawn from a well suffelled ordinary deck of 52-playing cards. Let A be the event
that 'card drawn in an Ace' and B be the event that 'card drawn is a spadfe. Then the
events A and B are independent.
Statement-2 : Let A and B be two non-empty events. If P(A/b) + P(A), then the events A and B are
indpendent.
Statement-1
SECTION - IV : TRUE AND FALSE TYPE

21.31 S1 : 5 letters are selected from the letters of word MISSIPPI. The probability, that 3 of them are
23
alike and other two are also alike but their kind is different from those of 3 alike, is 10
C5
S2 : A submatrix of order 2 × 2 is randomly selected from a matrix of order 5 × 4. The probability that the
3
rows of the selected matrix are adjacent rows of the parent matrix, is .
5
4 3 2
S3 : A, B and C are three shooters. Their probabilities of hitting a target are , and
5 5 3
respectively. If all of them make an attempt on the target and it is found that two of them
2
have missed out then the probability that A has hit the target is equal to
5
(A) TFT (B) FFT (C) FTF (D) TTF
22.32 S 1 : Two persons each make a single throw with a die. The probability they get equal values is
Four persons each make a single throw and probability of exactly three being equal is P2.
Then P1 greater than P2.
S 2 : Each of A & B throw 2 dice, If A throws, 9. thrn B's probability of throwing a higher number
1
is
6
S3 : If P(A1  A2) = 1 – P(A1C). P(A2C), then A1 and A2 are independent.
S 4 : If the events A, B, C are independent, then A, B, C are independent.
(A) TTTT (B) TTFT (C) TFTF (D) FTTF
SECTION-V : COMPREHENSION TYPE
Comprehension # 1
There are four boxex A1, A2, A3 and A4. Box Ai has i cards and on each card a number is printed,
the number are from 1 to i. A box is selected randomly, then probability of selection of box A i is
i
and then a card is drawn. Let Ei represents the event that a card with number 'i' is drawn.
10
22.33 P(E1) is equal to

1 1 2 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 10 5 4
22.34 P(A3/E2) is equal to

1 1 1 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 3 2 3
22.35 Expectation of the number on the card is

(A) 2 (B) 2.5 (C) 3 (D) 3.5
Comprehensive # 2
Sania Mirza is to play with Sharpove in a three set match. For a particular set, the probability
of Sania winning the set is y and if she wins probability of her winning the next set becomes y
else the probability that she wins the next one becomes y . There is no possibility that a set is
2
to be abondoned. R is probability that Sania wins the first set.

1
22.36 If R = then the probability that match will end in first two sets in nearly equal to
2
(A) 0.73 (B) 0.95 (C) 0.51 () 0.36
1
22.37 If R = and Sania wins the second set probability that she was won first set as well as in nearly
2
equal to
(A) 0.74 (B) 0.46 (C) 0.26 (D) 0.54
22.38 If Sania losses the first set then the values of R such that her probability of winning the match
the still larger then that of her lossing are given by
 1 
  1 3    1 3 / 2 
1 
(C) R    2  ,1
,1
(A) R   ,1 (B) R    2  (D) no values of R.
2  


   
Comprehension # 3
Consider the experiment of distribution of balls among urns. Suppose we are given M usns,
numbered 1 to M, among which we are to distribute n balls (n < M). Let P(A) denote the
probability that each of the urns numbered 1 to n will contain exactly one ball. Then answer the
following questions.
22.39 If the balls are different and any number of balla can go to any urns, then P(A), is equal to
M! n! n! 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
n
M
M n M
Pn Mn
22.40 If the balls are identical and any number of balls can go to any urns, then P(A) equals
1 1 1 1
(A) (B) Mn–1 (C) Mn–1 (D) Mn–1
M n CM–1 Cn–1 CM–1
22.41 If the balls are identical but atmost one ball can be put in any box, then P(A) is equal to
 n! n! 1
(A) (B) (C) (D)
M
Pn n
CM M
Cn M
Cn
Comprehension # 4
A player 'A' plays a game against a machine. At each round he deposits one ruppe in a slot and
then flips a coin which has s a probability p of showing a head. If the flipped coin show head,
he gets back the rupe he deposited and one more ruppe from the machine, else he loses his
ruppee. Let A starts with 10 ruppe coins and q = 1 –p (the probability of showing a tail), then
21.42 The probability that he will be drained out with all of his ruppe coins exactly at the eleventh round
is-
(A) q11 (B) 1 – q11 (C) pq10 + q11 (D) 0
21.43 The probability that all his money will be finished exactly at the twelth round is-
(A) q12 (B) 1 – q12 (C) pq10 + q11 (D) 0
21.44 The probability that all his money will be finished exactly at the 14th round or earlier is-
(A) q10 (1 + 10pq + 65p2q2) (B) q14 (p2q + 36pq + 7)
(C) q + 3pq + 3p q
12 13 13 12
(D) 1 – 10C1, pq11 – 10C2P2q12
SECTION-VI : MATRIX- MATCH TYPE

21.45 Column-I Column-II
(A) One ball is drawn from a bag containing 4 balls (p) 9

and is found to be write. The events that the bag
contains "1 white", "2 white", "3 white" and "4 white"
are equally likely. If the probability that all
(B) From a set of 12 persons, if the number of (p) 3

different selection of a commitee, its chair person
and its secretary (possibly same as chair person) is
13. 210 m, then value of m is
(C) If x, y z > 0 and x + y + z = 1, then the least value of (r) 8

5x 5y 5z
+ 2–y + is
2–x 2–z
 12k. 12Ck .11Ck–1 is equal to

12
(D) If (s) 6
k 1
12  21 19  17....  3
× 212 ×p, then the value p is
11!
(t) 12
22.46 A bag contains some white some black bulls, all combinationa being equally likely. The total
number of balls in the bag is 12. Four balls are drawnat random from the bag the at random
without replacement. Now match the entries from the following two columns :
Column-I Column-II
14
(A) Probability that all the four balls are black is equals to (p)
33
1
(B) If the bag contains 10 black and 2 white balls then the (p)
5
probability that all four balls are black is equal to
70
(C) If all the four balls are black, then the probability, that (r)
429
the selected bag contains 10 black balls, is equal to
13
(D) Probability that two balls are black and two are white (s)
110
13
(t)
165
1 1
22.47 Let A and B be two independent events such that P(A) = and P(B) = , Now match the
3 4
entries from the following two columns :
Column-I Column-II
1
(A) P(A  B) is equal to (p)
12
1
(B) P(A/A  B) is equal to (q)
2
2
(C) P(B/A'  B') is equal to (r)
3
1
(D) P(A'/B') is equal to (s)
3
(t) 0
SECTION- VII : SUBJECTIVE ANSWER TYPE
SHORT SUBJECTIVE
22.48 An urn contains 3 white balls, 5 black balls and 2 red balls. Two persons drawn balls in turn
without replacement. The first person to draw a white ball wins the game. If a red ball is drawn
the game is a tie. Suppose A1 = {the player who begins the game is the winner}, A2 = {the
second participant is the winner} & B = {the game is a tie}, Find P(A1) P(A2). P(B).
22.49 There are N + 1 identical boxes each containing N wall clocks. rth contains (r – 1)defective and
(N – r + 1) effective clocks for 1  r  N + 1. A box is selected at random and from this box
a clock is chosen at random and is found do be effective. Show that the probability that it is from
2N – 2k  2
kth box is .
N2  n
22.50 5 girls and 10 boys sit at random in a row having 15 chairs numbered as 1 to 15. If the probability
that the end seats are occupied by the girls and between any two girls odd number of boys take
20
seat in , then n is equal to.
n
22.51 A bag contains 5 white and 3 red balls. A ball is selected at random and discarded after noting
its colour and, two balls of the other colour put in the bag. A ball now drawn from the bag is white
find the probability that discarded ball was also white.
22.52 2 hunters A & B shot at a bear simultaneously. The bear was shot dead with only one hole is
its hide. Probability of A shooting the beat 0.8 & that of B shooting the beat is 0.4. The hide was
sold for Rs. 280/-. If this sum of money is divided between A & B in a fair way, then find their
respective shares.
22.53 In a box, there are n-balls labelled 1, 2, 3, ......, n and k(1  k  n) balls are drawn. After the draw,
these k bals are sorted by number in ascending order and inserted in small boxes which are
labelled 1, 2, 3, ..., k so that the ball with the least number will be inserted in box 1, the ball with
the second least number will be inserted in box 2, and so untill the ball with the highest number
will be inserted in box k. Find the probability that a ball with number 'b' (1  b  n) will be inserted
in a box with number x(1  x  k).
22.54 n apples are randomly distributed among p boys and q girls. Find the probability that the number
of apples received by boys is even.
LONG SUBJECTIVE
22.55 Cards are dealt one by one from a well shuffled deck of 52 playing cards. Find the probability
that exactly n cards are dealt before this first ace appears. If the cards are drawn further, then
find the probability that exactly k cards are dealt in all before the second ace. What will be the
probability if exactly one ace appears in at most k cards.
22.56 In a five-team tournament, each team plays one game with every other team. Each team has
50% chace of winning any game that it plays (There are no ties). If the probability that the
tournament will produce neither an undefeated team nor a winless then is k, then find the value
of 32k.

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22 Probability

SECTION - I : STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE

SECTION : II : MULTIPLE CORRECT ANSWER TYPE

22.23 Statement-1 : x + y + z = 5, xy + yz + zx = 3 and x + 2y  5 (x, y , z  R) then the probability

SECTION - IV : TRUE AND FALSE TYPE

SECTION-V : COMPREHENSION TYPE

22.33 P(E1) is equal to

22.34 P(A3/E2) is equal to

22.35 Expectation of the number on the card is

to be abondoned. R is probability that Sania wins the first set.

(A) q11 (B) 1 – q11 (C) pq10 + q11 (D) 0

SECTION-VI : MATRIX- MATCH TYPE

(A) One ball is drawn from a bag containing 4 balls (p) 9

(B) From a set of 12 persons, if the number of (p) 3

(C) If x, y z > 0 and x + y + z = 1, then the least value of (r) 8

 12k. 12Ck .11Ck–1 is equal to

SECTION- VII : SUBJECTIVE ANSWER TYPE

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