ARAMA FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY Seetion A 1 © @ “Cisa Aparticle emitter and the product of decay, “ N , is not radioactive Yo “ne fe ‘When a living organism dies, intake of C stops while decay of “Ccontinues Therefore, “C: '°C ratio in dead living organisms decreases. The age of an ancient biological specimen can be estimated by comparing its activity to that of living organisms alive. @ Nene In @ =-A (5730) Asi12ix104y4 (©) (@ The sample is vaporized in the mass spectrometer and is bombarded by fast moving M@) + © > M@) + & fast slow ‘The ions are accelerated by an electric field, ‘The accelerated ions are then deflected by a magnetic (electric) field. ‘The mass spectrometer is operated at low pressure (~ 10” atm) to prevent ions from colliding with other particles se fe By varying the strength of the deflecting magnetic field, ions of a particular mass / Determination of the relative atomic mass of a noble gas: ‘The current intensity produced by cations formed from an isotope is proportional to the relative abundance of the isotope. relative atomic mass of the noble gas ((sotopic mass x relative abundance) 2001-AL-CHEM 2-18 FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY RRAMEE Marks ©) wMFOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY RRMAGE Marks (© © 146) is volatile. Itis dificult to weigh accurately a sample of Is) 1 or, 166) n i jconment. L(8) in the laboratory (1) usually contains impurities Gi) 107+ 6H +5" -> 31, +3H,0 1 or, 10; = 3h @ 0953 arty = 3x 2953 4 sey a = 0.0534M 1 (Accept answers from 0.0532 to 0.0836 M) Gi) (D) no. of moles of I, used = 0.0534 x 25 x 107 335 x 10° r no, of moles of $,0,* used = 0.0981 x27.25 x 10° = 2.673 x 10° 1:8,07=1:2 1 Equation: 1,+28,0,* 21 +8,07° 1 (U) starch solution; colour change: from blue to colourless 1 a 2001-AL-CHEM 2-19 ARAmEe FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLYFOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY RRABE Marks: 2. (@) (i) +149+2188 + (498) + 650 + AHigice =~ 602 2 (Accept answer in form of energy cycle.) AH nice = 602 — 149-2188 %4(498) — 650 (-3838 kJ mot" 1 (2 marks for method; 1 mark for answer) (ii) Principle of the experiment : 2 Determine AH for the reactions Mg(s)+2HCl(aq) -» MgCl,(aq) + H,(g) AH, } w MgO(s) + 2HCi(aq) > MgCl,(aq) + H,0() ai H,[Mg0(s)] = AH, ~ AH, + 4H,[H,0()] ® Experimental procedure : 2 Determination of AH, : ‘Weigh a piece of Mg ribbon. Add Mg ribbon to a known volume of HCiaq) (excess) (1) in a heat insulated container. Measure the rise in temperature of the mixture. (AT,) __ (mass of solution) x5 x AT, no. of moles of Mg (Gis the specific heat capacity of water) Determination of AH, : 4H, Concentration of MgCh 1 in the resulting solution should be the same as that in the original experiment 9o *(@a)IEHCO”(29)} THCO, GQ] [H,0° @q)]=[HCO,@q] [H0* (aq)}? = 0.1x1.78x104 [H30* (eq)]= 42x10 pH=2.37 1 (Accept answers from 2.35 to 2.40) (ii) Letx be the volume of NaOH added salt] pH= PKa + log a x “wor 100=x, 100+ x" 4.0=3.15 + logo 0.25 = log, @ x= 64.0 em? 1 (Accept answers from 63 to 65 cm") (2 marks for method; 1 mark for answer.) (ii) The solution contains HCO,H and HCO,” in high concentrations. 1 HCO,H + H,0 + HCO; +H,0° Addition of small amount of acid (alkali) will cause the equilibrium to shift to the left 1 (ight), thus maintaining the concentration of H,O* almost constant a 2001-AL-CHEM 2-20 ARABS FOR TEACHERS’ USE ONLY