AP Biology

Contents of This
Lesson
By the end of the course,
the learners are expected to
demonstrate an
understanding of:
AP Biology
 Characterize the phases
of the cell cycle and their
control points.
STEM_BIO11/12-Id-f-6
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 Explain the significance or
applications of mitosis/
meiosis.
STEM_BIO11/12-Id-f-9

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 WHAT IS CELL CYCLE

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 CELL CYCLE

The cell cycle is a

process in which a
cell grows and
divides to create a
copy of itself.

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 CELL CYCLE
Interphase
Division

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 CELL CYCLE

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 Interphase
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 Interphase
Non-dividing
stage

Cell is most
active
metabolically
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 G1

Cell increases
in size
G1

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 S phase
 Duplication
S of genetic
material

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 G2 phase Synthesizes
proteins
G2 Duplicate some
organelles
Cell continues
to increase in
size
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 G0 PHASE
Quiescent stage

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 CELL
DIVISION

 Dividing stage

NUCLEUS

CYTOPLASM

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 CELL
DIVISION
 Nucleus
- Karyokinesis

MITOSIS MEOSIS

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 CELL
DIVISION

 Cytoplasm
- cytokinesis
Animal
Plant cell
cell
cell plate cleavage furrow

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 Cell plate
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 Cleavage furrow
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 Interphase
G1, S, G2 Phase
G0 Phase
 Cell division
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 Gap 1 cytokinesis Cell plate
Gap 2 karyokinesis Cleavage
furrow
Gap 0 Synthesis

1. In this phase, cells are not able to

move S phase but they function
properly in our body.
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 Gap 1 cytokinesis Cell plate
Gap 2 karyokinesis Cleavage
furrow
Gap 0 Synthesis
2. DNA is replicated in this phase.
3. This structure forms during the
cytokinesis of dividing plant cells.

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 Gap 1 cytokinesis Cell plate
Gap 2 karyokinesis Cleavage
furrow
Gap 0 Synthesis
4. The term for nuclear division.
5. Cell begins to increase in size in
this phase.

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 Gap 0
synthesis
Cell plate
karyokinesis
Gap 1
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 Stages of mitosis

Prophase Metaphase

Anaphase Telophase
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 Chromatin and
Condensed Chromosome
Structure

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 Prophase

The Chromosome coil

up into rod shape
structure
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 Prophase
Nuclear membrane

Chromosome

Nucleolus

centriole

Cell membrane

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 Metaphase

Kinetochore

Attach
chromosomes
to spindle fiber

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 Metaphase

centriole

Spindle fibers

chromosome

Cell membrane

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 Identical copies
formed by DNA
replication
Identical copies formed
by DNA replication
Moving and segregating
the chromosomes

Link a pair of sister

chromatids
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 Anaphase

Spindle fibers
pull apart
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centromeres
 Anaphase

Spindle fibers

Centriole

Cell membrane

Sister chromatids

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 Telophase

Chromosomes (each
consisting of a single
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chromatid) uncoil.
 Telophase

Centriole

nucleolus

Cleavage furrow

Nuclear membrane

Cell membrane
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 REVERSE
PROPHASE
cytokinesis

Divides the cytoplasm of a

parental cell into two daughter
cell

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 UNINUCLEATE CELL

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 MULTINUCLEATE
CELL

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 TELOMERE
TELOMERASE
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 Mitosis
 Parts of the
chromosomes
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Telomere
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 prophase cytokinesis
telomerase kinetochore
metaphase
anaphase Sister
chromatid
interphase
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 1.1. In this stage, the nucleoli and
nuclear membrane disappear.
2.2. An enzyme that prevents
telomere shortening.
3.3. Process of cytoplasm division.

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 1.4. Point where spindle fibers
attach during metaphase.
2.5. Stage in which DNA
replication occurs.

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 Answer
prophase
telomerase
cytokinesis
kinetochore
interphase
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