EE 2312 / ME 2613:

AC and DC Machinery /
Electrical Machines 1
INSTRUCTOR: KEVIN LESTER B. LOBO
Introduction to
Electrical Machines
Energy Conversion
• Takes place between well known

Pairs of forms of Energy.

Forms of Energy
Forms of Energy
Forms of Energy
Forms of Energy
Forms of Energy
Forms of Energy
Forms of Energy
 Rotating Electrical
Machines
Are widely used for the
purpose of converting energy
from one form to another.

https://toppng.com/clipart-freeuse-stock-confused-people-clipart-thinking-man-clipart-PNG-free-PNG-Images_201760
https://slideplayer.com/slide/13145489/
Law that governs Energy Conversion
I. First Law of Thermodynamics or the “Law of Conservation of Energy”
➢ This law states that energy can neither be created or destroyed. It can only be
transformed from one form to another.

II. Second Law of Thermodynamics or the “Law of Increased Entropy”

➢ When energy is transformed from one form to another, some of the input energy is
turned into a highly disordered form of energy, like heat, which resulted to energy loss.
Machine
➢ A device, having a unique purpose, that augments or replaces human or animal effort for the
accomplishment of physical tasks. (https://www.britannica.com/technology/machine)
➢ A tool containing one or more parts that uses energy to perform an intended action.
➢ A device consisting of fixed and moving parts that converts energy from one form to another.

DC Machine
➢ Is a rotary electro-mechanical energy conversion device that converts mechanical energy to DC
electrical energy or DC electrical energy to mechanical energy.
Read more: http://circuitglobe.com/what-is-a-dc-machine.html#ixzz4Wl04CNqS
DC Machine
Mechanical Electrical
Generator
MACHINE
Energy Energy

Electrical Mechanical
Motor
Energy Energy
Electric Motor
➢ A machine that produce
rotational mechanical energy
to drive external physical
loads.
➢ Works on the principle that
when a current carrying
conductor is placed under a
magnetic field, it experiences
a torque and has a tendency
to move.

➢ Examples of electric motor

driven loads are: pumps,
compressors, conveyor
system, lift, drive shaft etc.
Electric Generator
➢ A machine generates electrical energy for
use in an external circuit.
➢ Although the battery is an important source
of electric power, it can only supply limited
amount of power to any machinery or
equipment. There are some applications
where large quantities of electric power are
required, such as electroplating, large
industrial machineries, electrolysis, arc
welding, etc. Hence, for such applications
electric generators are used to deliver
power.
➢ Driven (rotated) by a mechanical machine
called the Prime Mover.
Electric Generator
Prime mover
➢ an initial source of motive
power (rotation) designed to
receive and modify force and
motion as supplied by some
natural source and apply them
to drive a machinery.
(Source: Merriam-Webster Dictionary)

➢ It can be Steam Turbines, Water

turbines, Internal Combustion
Engines (ICE), Wind Turbines,
Electric Motor or even Hand-
operated crank shaft.
Online References
http://harmonscience6.wikispaces.com/file/view/Forms_of_Energy.jpg/276538606/Forms_of_E
nergy.jpg
http://hornedoreesescience.weebly.com/uploads/8/5/1/3/8513063/5367849_orig.gif
http://static.trunity.net/files/186001_186100/186073/energyconversionmatrix.png
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gW45N2WpD64
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-xebh8wU8gY
http://www.ustudy.in/sites/default/files/lap%20and%20wave.GIF
http://www.electrical4u.com/lap-winding-simplex-and-duplex-lap-winding/
https://www.electricaleasy.com/2012/12/basic-construction-and-working-of-dc.html
https://www.indiastudychannel.com/resources/151550-How-Does-a-DC-Generator-Work-.aspx
Online References
https://www.theengineeringknowledge.com/construction-of-dc-machines/
https://serc.carleton.edu/details/images/46570.html
https://www.powermag.com/press-releases/doosan-skoda-power-is-sending-a-turbine-to-the-
land-of-the-rising-sun-for-the-first-time/
https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/whats-important-for-water-power-designer-to-make-
the-right-choice-of-a-turbine
https://www.offshorewind.biz/2020/04/21/mingyang-turbines-for-400-mw-wind-farm-offshore-
china/
https://www.udemy.com/course/internal-combustion-engine-basics/
https://www.canstockphoto.com/machine-ac-and-dc-currents-excitatrice-31336418.html
https://www.crompton.co.in/product/consumer-pumps/agricultural-pumps/centrifugal-
monoset-agricultural-pumps/centrifugal-monoset-pumps/
Online References
http://bescousa.com/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=169_205_235
https://circuitglobe.com/lap-and-wave-winding.html
https://www.engineeringslab.com/all_engineerings_dictionary_terms/parallel-paths.htm