SRI SRINIVASA MHSS-ORATHANADU

HIGHER SECONDARY SECOND YEAR CHEMISTRY

2023 -SEPTEMBER CHEMISTRY QUARTERLY EXAM IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
LESSONS:1,2,3,4,6,7,8,11,12
1. METALLURGY
2 (OR)3 MARKS
1. What are the differences between minerals and ores? ( 2 )
2. What are the various steps involved in extraction of pure metals from their ores?(2 )
3. What is the role of limestone in the extraction of iron from its oxide Fe 2O3 ? ( 8 )
4. Which type of ores can be concentrated by froth flotation method? Give two examples for such ores. ( 4 )
5. Out of coke and carbon monoxide, which is better reducing agent for the reduction of zinc oxide. Why?
6. Describe a method for refining Nickel ( 16 )
7. Give the uses of zinc ( 17 )
8. Explain the following terms with example i) gangue ii) slag ( Creative )
9. Give the basic requirement for vapour phase refining ( 16 )
10. The selection of reducing agent depends on the thermodynamic factor. Explain with an example ( 10, 11
11. Give the limitations of Ellingham diagram ( 13 )
5 MARKS
1. Using the Ellingham diagram
A) predict the conditions under which
i) Aluminium might be expected to reduce magnesia
ii) Magnesium could reduce Alumina
B) carbon monoxide is more effective reducing agent than carbon below 983 K but this temperature, the reverse is
true. Explain
C) it is possible to reduce Fe2O3 by coke at the temperature around 1200 K ( Creative )
2. Explain the electrometallurgy of Aluminium ( 14 )
3. Describe the role of the following in the process mentioned ( Creative )
i) silica in the extraction of copper
ii) cryolite in the extraction of aluminium
iii) iodine in the refining of zirconium
iv) sodium cyanide in froth flotation
4. Explain the principle of electrolytic refining with an example ( 15, 16 )
5. Write a short note on electrochemical principles of metallurgy ( 14 )
6. Explain zone refining process with an example ( 16 )
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS:
1. Write note on Roasting and calcination ( 6, 7 )
2.Write notes on Reduction by carbon with example
3..Write notes on Reduction by Hydrogen with example
4..Write notes on Auto Reduction with example
5.Explain extraction of chromium using Aluminothermic process?
6. Explain about Van-Arkel method for refining Zirconium/ Titanium ( 17 )
7. Explain i) Gravity separation (or) hydraulic wash ( 3)
8. Write note on magnetic separation method ( 6 )
9. What is ACID leaching? Give an example ( 4 )
2.P-BLOCK ELEMENTS
2 OR 3 MARKS;
1. Write a short note on anomalous properties of the first element of P block ( 29 )
2. Describe briefly allotropism in p block elements with specific reference to carbon( 30 )
3. Boron does not react directly with hydrogen.Suggest one method to prepare diborane from BF3(32)
4. Give the uses of borax ( 34 )
5. What is catenation? Describe briefly the catenation property of carbon ( 41 )
6. Write a note on Fischer tropsch synthesis ( 44 )
7. Give the structure of CO and CO2( 44, 45 )
8. Give the uses of silicones ( 48 )
9. AlCl3 behaves like Lewis acid. Substantiate this statement ( 39 )
10. Write a short note on hydroboration ( 37 )
11. Give one example for each of the following ( 28 )
i) icosogens
ii) tetragen
iii) prictogen
iv) chalcogen
12. Complete the following reactions ( Creative )
a. B(OH)3 + NH3 →
b. Na2B4O7+H2SO4 + H2O →
c. B2H6 + 2NaOH + H2O →
d. B2H6 + CH3OH →
e. BF3 + H2O →
f. HCOOH + H2SO4 →
g. SiCl4 + NH3 →
h. SiCl4 + C2H5OH →
i. B + NaOH →
j. H2B4O7 →
13. How will you identify borate radical? ( 35 )
14. How are you convert boric acid to Boron nitride? ( 35 )
15. A hydride of second period alkali metal (A) on reaction with compound of Boron (B) to give you a reducing agent
(C) identify A, B and C ( Creative )
16. A double salt which contains fourth period alkali metal (A) on heating at 500 K gives(B), aqueous solution of (B)
give white precipitate with barium Chloride and gives a red colour compound with alizarin. Identify A and B (
17. CO if you are reducing agent. Justify with an example ( 43 )
5 Marks
1. Describe the structure of diborane( 37 )
2. Write a note on metallic nature of p block elements ( 28, 29 )
3. Write note on zeolites ( 50, 51 )

ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS:
1.What are silicates? Explain classification of silicates
2.What is McAfee process?
3.What are silicones?
4.Give the preparation of linear silicones, cyclic silicones, cross- linked silicones.
5.What are the difference between Graphite and diamond

8.IONIC EQUILIBRIUM

2&3 MARKS
1. What are lewis acids and bases? Give two example for each.
2. Indentify the conjugate acid base pair for the following reaction in aqueous solution
3. Account for the acidic nature of HClO4. In terms of Bronsted – Lowry theory, identify its conjugate base.
4. When aqueous ammonia is added to CuSO4 solution, the solution turns deep blue due to the formation of
tetramminecopper (II) complex,
[𝑪𝒖(𝑯𝟐𝑶)𝟒]𝟐+𝒂𝒒 + 𝟒𝑵𝑯𝟑 (𝒂𝒒) ⇋ [(𝑵𝑯𝟑)]+𝒂𝒒 among H2O and NH3 Which is stronger Lewis base.
5. Define solubility product
6. Define ionic product of water. Give its value at room temperature.
7. Explain common ion effect with an example
8. Define pH

5-MARKS
9. Discuss the Lowery – Bronsted concept of acids and bases.
10. Derive an expression for Ostwald’s dilution law
11. Derive an expression for the hydrolysis constant and degree of hydrolysis of salt of strong acid and weak
base
SUMS:
12. The concentration of hydroxide ion in a water sample is found to be
2.5X10-6 M. Identify the nature of the solution.
13. A lab assistant prepared a solution by adding a calculated quantity of HCl gas 25 oC to get a solution with
[H3O+ ] =4 × 10-5M. Is the solution neutral (or) acidic (or) basic.
14. Calculate the pH of 0.04 M HNO3Solution.
15. Calculate the pH of 1.5x10 -3 m solution Ba (OH)2
16. 50ml of 0.05M HNO3 is added to 0.025 M KOH.1.5×10 M. Calculate the pH of the resultant solution
17. The Ka value forHCNis10. What is the pH of 0.4M HCN solution?
18. Calculate the extent of hydrolysis and the pH of 0.1 M ammonium acetate Given that Ka=Kb=1.8x10-5
19. Solubility product of AgCrO4is 1x10-12. What is the solubility of Ag CrO4
in 0.01MAgNO3 solution?
20. Write the expression for the solubility product ofCa3(PO4)2
21. A saturated solution, prepared by dissolving CAF2 in water,has [Ca2+]=3.3x10-4 M .what is the Kspof
CaF2?
22. Kspof AgCl is1.8x10-10. Calculate molar solubility in 1 M AgNO3
23. A particular saturated solution of silver chromate Ag2cro4 has [Ag+]=5x10-5and
[CrO4]2-=4.4x10-4.what is the value of Ksp Ag2cro4?
24. Write the expression for the solubility product of Hg2Cl .
25.Ksp Ag2cro4 of is1.1x10-12.what is solubility of Ag2cr2o4 in 0.1 m K2cro4 .
26. Will a precipitate be formed when 0.150 L of 0.1M of o.1m Pb(NO3)2 and 100Lof
0.2m NaCl are mixed ? ksp(pbcl2)=1.2x10-5
27. Kspof Al(OH)3 is 1x10-5 m.At what pH does1.0x10-3M Al3+precipitate on the additionof buffer of
NH4Cland NH4OH solution

6.SOLID STATE
2 OR 3 MARKS;
1. Define unit cell ( 180 )
2. Give any three characteristics of ionic crystals ( 179 )
3. Classify the following solids ( Creative )
i) P4 b) Brass c) diamond d) NaCl e) Iodine
4. Distinguish tetrahedral and octahedral voids ( 190 )
5. What are point defects? ( 193 )
6. Explain schottky defect ( 193 )
7. Calculate the number of atoms in a fcc unit cell ( 184 )
8. Why ionic crystals are hard and brittle? ( 179 )
9. What's the two dimensional coordination number of a molecule in square close packed layer?
( Creative )
10. What is mean by the term "coordination number"? What is the coordination number of atoms
in a BCC structure ? ( Creative )
11. Aluminium crystallizes in a cubic close packed structure. Is metallic radius is 125 pm. Calculate
the edge length of unit cell ( Creative )
12. Atoms X and Y form BCC crystalline structure. Atom X is percent is at the corners of the cube
and Y is at the centre of the cube. What is the formula of the compound? ( Creative )
13. Sodium metal crystallizes in BCC structure with the edge length of the unit cell 4.3 x 10-8 cm.
Calculate the radius of sodium atom ( Creative )
14. Write a note on Frankel defect ( 194 )
5 MARKS;
1. Differentiate crystalline solids and amorphous solids ( 178 )
2. Explain briefly 7 types of unit cell ( 181 )
3. Distinguish between hexagonal close packing and cubic close packing ( 190, 191 )
4. Write short note on metal excess and metal deficiency defect with an example ( 194, 195 )
5. Explain AAAA and ABABA and ABCABC type of three dimensional packing with the help of neat diagram ( 186,
187, 190 )
6. Calculate the percentage efficiency of packing in body centred cubic crystal ( 188, 189 )
7. Experiment shows that Nickel oxide has the formula Ni 0.98 O1.00. What fractions of Nickel exists as of Ni 2+ and
Ni 3+ ions ?( Creative )
8. An element
How many atoms are present in 208 gram of the element? ( Creative )
9. If NaCl is dopped with 10-2 mol percentage of strancium chloride, what's the concentration of cation vacancy? (
Creative )
10. KF crystallizes fcc structure like sodium chloride. Calculate the distance between K+ and F- in KF(density of KF -
2.48gcm-3) ( Creative )
11. An atom Crystallizes fcc crystal lattice and has a density of 10 gcm-3 with unit cell edge length of 100 pm.
Calculate the number of atoms present in 1 gram of Crystal ( Creative )
5 MARKS;
1. How will you calculate the packing efficiency for simple cubic? ( 187 )
2. How will you calculate the packing efficiency for FCC? ( 192 )

LESSON 11. HYDROXY COMPOUNDS AND ETHERS

S.NO QUESTION IMPORTANCE PAGE NO

1. How do you differentiate three types of alcohos by Lucas test? 5* 110
2. How do you differentiate three types of alcohos by Victor Meyer’s test 3* 111
3. Convert Glycerol to acrolein.(Give the dehydration of glycerol) 3* 121
4. Convert Glycol to 1,4-Dioxane 1* 120
5. Give Dow’s process? 5* 126
6. Give Schotten Baumann reaction? 5* 127
7. How picric acid is prepared? 5* 129
8. Give Kolbe’s reaction? 5* 130
9. Give Rimer Tiemann reaction? 5* 130
10. Give Phthalein reaction 5* 131
11. Give coupling reaction? 5* 131
12. Why C-O-C bond angle in ether slightly greater than the tetrahedralbond
1* 133
angle?
13. What is Baeyer’s reagent? 1* 110
LESSON 12. CARBONYL COMPOUNDS AND CARBOXYLIC ACIDS

S.NO QUESTION IMPORTANCE PAGE NO

1. Write Rosenmund Reaction? 5* 151
2. Write Stephen Reaction? 5* 151
3. Write Gattermann – Koch Reaction? 5* 152
4. Write fridel crafts acylation reaction 5* 152
5. Write Clemmensen reduction? 1* 160
6. Write Wolf Kishner reduction? 5* 161
7. What is meant by aldol condensation? 5* 161
8. Write Claisen – Schmidt reaction? 5* 163
9. What is Cannizaro reaction? 5* 163
10. Write Benzoin Condensation? 5* 164
11. What is Perkin’s reaction? 5* 165
12. Write Knoevenagal reaction? 1* 165
13. What is Transesterification? 1* 185
14. Give Kolbe’s electrolysis reaction? 5* 175
15. Write short note on formalin 5* 167
16. Give the preparation of Urotropine? 5* 158
17. Write the test for aldehydes 5* 166
 3. P BLOCK ELEMENTS – II

2 OR 3 MARKS;
1. What is inert pair effect? ( 30 )
2. Chalcogens belongs to P block. Give reason ( 73 )
3. Explain why fluorine always exhibit an Oxidation state of -1 ?( Creative )
4. Give the Oxidation state of halogen in the following ( Creative )
a) OF2 b) O2F2 c) Cl2O3 d) I2O4
5. What are interhalogen compounds? Give examples ( 89 )
6. Why fluorine is more reactive than other halogens? ( Creative )
7. Give the uses of helium ( 93 )
8. What is the hybridization of iodine in IF7 ? Give its structure ( Creative )
9. Give the balanced equation for the reaction between chlorine with cold sodium hydroxide and
hot sodium hydroxide ( 84, 85 )
10. How will you prepare chlorine in the laboratory? ( 82 )
11. Give the uses of sulphuric acid ( 79 )
12. Give reason to support that sulphuric acid is a dehydrating agent ( Creative )
13. Write the reason for the anamolous behaviour of nitrogen ( Creative )
14. Write the molecular formula and structural formula of the following molecules ( Creative )
i) nitric acid ii) dinitrogen pentoxide iii) phosphoric acid iv) phosphine
15. Give the uses of argon ( 93 )
16. Write the valence shell electronic configuration of group 15 elements ( Creative )
17. Give two Equations to illustrate the chemical behaviour of phospine( 69 )
18. Give the reaction between nitric acid and basic oxide ( 61 )
19. What happens when Phosphorus pentachloride is heated? ( 71 )
20. Suggest a reason why HF is a weak acid, where is binary acids of the all other halogen forstrong acids
21. Deduce the oxidation number of oxygen in hypofluorous acid - HOF ( Creative )
22. What type of hybridisation occur in a) BrF5 b) BrF3 ( Creative )
23. Complete the following reactions ( Creative )
a. NaCl + MnO2 +H2SO4 →
b. NaNO2 + HCl →
c. IO3- + I- + H+→
d. I2 + S2O32-→
e. P4 + NaOH + H2O →
f. AgNO3 + PH3 →
g. Mg + HNO3 →
h. KClO3 →
i. Cu + H2SO4 →
j. Sb + Cl2 →
k. HBr + H2SO4 →
l. XeF6 + H2O →
m. XeO64- + Mn2+ + H+→
n. XeOF4 + SiO2 →
o. Xe + F2 →
5-MARKS
1.Explain the manufacture of chlorine using Decon’s process
2.Explain the reaction of chlorine withammonia.
3.Explain the oxidizing and bleaching action ofchlorine.
4.What are interhalogen compounds and give its properties.

4.TRANSITION AND INNER TRANSITION ELEMENTS

2 OR 3 MARKS
1. What are transition metals? Give four examples ( 101 )
2. Explain the oxdation states of 4d series elements ( Creative )
3. What are inner transition elements? ( 118 )
4. What are actinides? Give three examples ( 122 )
5. Why Gd3+ is colourless? ( 101 )
6. Explain why compounds of Cu2+ are coloured but those of Zn2+ are colourless ( Creative )
7. What is Lanthanide contraction and what are the effects of Lanthanide contraction? ( 121 )
8. Complete the following ( Creative )
a. MnO42- + H+ →
b. C6H5CH3 →
c. MnO4- + Fe2+ →
d. KMnO4 →
e. Cr2O72- + I- + H+ →
f. Na2Cr2O7 +
g. KCl →
9. What are interstitial compounds? ( 111 )
10. Calculate the number of unpaired electrons in Ti3+, Mn2+ calculate the spin only magneticmoment ( Creative )
11. Write the electronic configuration of Ce4+ and Co2+( Creative )
12. Explain briefly how +2 States becomes more and more stable in the first half of the First rowtransition elements
with increasing atomic number ( Creative )
13. Which is more stable? Fe2+ or Fe3+ Explain ( Creative )
14. Explain why Cr2+ is strongly reducing while Mn3+ strongly oxidizing ( Creative )
15. Actinoid Contraction is Greater from element to element than the lanthanide contraction.Why?
16. Out of Lu(OH)3 and La(OH)3 which is more basic and why? ( Creative )
17. Why europium (II) is more stable than cerium (II) ?( Creative )
18. Why do zirconium and hafnium exhibit similar properties? ( Creative )
19. Which is stronger reducing agent Cr 2+ or Fe2+? ( Creative )
20. The E° M2+/M Value for copper is positive such a possible reason for this ( Creative )
21. Predict Which of the following will be coloured in aqueous solution Ti2+, V3+, Sc4+ , Cu+, Sc3+,Fe3+, Ni2+and Co3+
22. Describe the variable Oxidation state of 3d series elements ( 106 )
23. Which metal in the 3d series exhibits +1 oxidation State most frequently and why ?( 107 )
24. Why first ionization enthalpy of chromium is lower than that of zinc? ( Creative )
25. Transition metals have high melting points why? ( 103 )
5 MARKS;
1. Justify the position of lanthanides and actinides in the periodic table ( 118, 119 )
2. Describe the preparation of potassium dichromate ( 112 )
3. Explain the variation in E° M3+/M2+ 3d series ( 107, 108 )
4. Compare lanthanides and actinides ( 123 )
5. Compare the ionisation enthalpies of first series of the transition elements ( 105 )
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS:
1. State Hume Rothery rule ( 111 )
2. Why do transition elements form alloy? ( 111 )
3. Why do transition elements form complexes? ( 112 )
4. How does potassium dichromate act as oxidizing agent? ( 113 )
5. Explain chromyl chloride test ( 114 )
6. Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizing agent in neutral, alkaline, acid medium. Give oneexample each ( 116,
117 )

7. CHEMICAL KINETICS
2 OR 3 MARKS;
1. Define average rate and instantaneous rate ( 205 )
2. Define Rate Law and rate constant ( 208 )
3. Define half life of a reaction show that for a first order reaction half life this is independent of initial concentration (
215 )
4. What is an elementary reaction? Give the differences between order and molecularity of a reaction
( 210 )
5. Explain the rate determining step with an example ( 210 )
6. Write the rate law for the following reaction ( Creative )
a) A reaction that is 3/2 order in x and zero order in y
b) A reaction that is second order in NO and first order in Br 2
7. Explain the effect of catalyst on reaction rate with an example ( 224 )
8. The rate of formation of a dimer in a second order reaction is 7.5 x 10 -3 mol L-1 S-1at 0.05 mol L-1 monomer
concentration calculate the rate constant ( Creative )
9. For a reaction x +y + z → products the rate law is given by rate = k [x]3/2 [y]1/2what is the overall order of the
reaction and what is the order of the reaction with respect to z.( Creative )
10. Write Arrhenius equation and explain the terms involved ( 220 )
11. The decomposition of Cl2O7 at 500 K in the gas Phase to Cl2 and O2 is a first order reaction. afterone minute at
500K , the pressure of Cl2O7 falls from 0.08 to 0.04 atm. Calculate the rate constant s -1 ( Creative )
12. Explain pseudo first order reaction with an example ( 214 )
13. Identify the order of the following reactions ( Creative )
a) rusting of iron ii) radioactive disintegration of 92U238
b) 2A + 3B → products; rate = = k [A] 1/2 [B]2
14. A gas phase reaction has energy of activation 200kj mol-1. If the frequency factor of the reaction is 1.6 x 1013 s-1
calculate the rate constant at 600K ( e-40.09=3.8x10-18) ( Creative )
15. How do concentrations of the reactant influence the rate of reaction? ( 222 )
16. How do nature of the reactant influence the rate of reaction? ( 222 )
17. The rate constant for a first order reaction is1.54 x 10 -3 s-1. Calculate its half lifetime( Creative )
18. The half life of the homogeneous gaseous reaction SO2Cl2 → SO2 +Cl2feature based first order kinetics is 8
minutes. How long will it take for the concentration ofSO2Cl2to be reduced to 1percentage of the initial value? (
Creative )
19. Zero order reaction is 20 percentage complete in 20 minutes. Calculate the rate constant inwhat time will the
reaction be 80 percentage complete? ( Creative )
5 MARKS;
1. Derive integrated Rate Law for zero order reaction A → product ( 215 )
2. Describe the graphical representation of first order reaction ( 213 )
3. The rate law for reaction of a b and c e has been found to be rate = k [A] 2[B] [L] 3/2how the rate of reaction change
when ( Creative )
i. concentration of [L] is quadrupled
ii. concentration of both [A] and [B] are doubled
iii. concentration [A] is halved
iv. concentration of [A] is reduced to 1/3 and concentration of [L] is quadrupled
4. Explain briefly the collision theory of bimolecular reaction ( 217, 218 )
5. Hydrolysis of methyl acetate in aqueous solution has been studied by titrating the liberatedAcetic Acid against
sodium hydroxide. The concentration of an Ester at different temperature is given ( Creative )
6. For the reaction 2x + y → L find the rate law from the following data ( Creative )
7. The time for half change in a first order decomposition of a substance A is 60 seconds.Calculate the rate constant.
How much of a will be left after 180 seconds? ( Creative )
8. Activation energy of a reaction is 225 k cal mol-1and the value of the rate constant at 40° C is 1.8x10-5 s-1. Calculate
the frequency factor, A( Creative )
9. Benzene diazonium chloride in aqueous solution decomposes according to the equation
C6H5N2Cl → C6H5Cl + N2 starting with initial concentration of 10gL -1, the volume of N2gas Obtained at 50° C at
different intervals of time was found to be in the table. Show that the above reaction follows the first order kinetics.
What's the value of the rate constant?( Creative )

10. From the following data, show that the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide is a
reaction of the first order.

Where t is the time in minutes and V is the volume of standard potassium permanganate solution required for titrating
the same volume of the reaction mixture ( Creative )
11. A first order reaction is 40 percentage complete in 50 minutes. Calculate the value of the rate constant. In what
time will the reaction be 80 percentage complete? ( Creative )
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS:
2 OR 3 MARKS;
1. Define order ( 208 )
2. What are the differences between rate and rate constant of a reaction? ( 209, 210 )
3. Define molecularity ( 210 )
4. What are the differences between order and molecularity? ( 210 )
5. Give the examples of first order reaction ( 213 )
6. What is zero order reaction? ( 214 )
7. Give the examples of zero order reaction ( 215 )
8. Derive the relationship between half life period and first order rate constant ( 215 )
9. Derive the relationship between half life period and zero order rate constant ( 216 )
10. Define activation energy ( 218 )

11. What is Arrhenius equation? Expand the terms ( 205 )

12. How does surface area of the reactant affect the reaction? ( 223 )
5 MARKS;
1. Derive the rate constant for first order reaction ( 212 )
2. Explain about collision theory ( 217, 218 )
3. What are the factors affecting the reaction rate? ( 222 )