PLATE BOUNDARIES

(Geologic Features)
1st Quarter – Week 2 Day 1

Prepared and
Presented by:
Ramil B. Bellen
 GEOLOGY
The Science that studies
Earth.
Geologic Features,
Events and
Processes
Geologic Features
Mountain Range
A long lines of
mountains that were
formed at about the
same time and by
the same processes.
Volcanic Island Arc

A chain of
volcanoes that
develop parallel to
a trench.
Trench
A depression in
the seafloor
produced by
subduction
process.
Volcano
• a rupture in the crust
of a planetary-mass
object, such as Earth,
that allows hot lava,
volcanic ash, and
gases to escape from
a magma chamber
below the surface.
Mid-Ocean Ridges
A continuous
mass of land
with long width
and height on the
ocean floor.
Rift Valleys
A linear shaped
lowland between
several highlands
or mountain ranges
created by the
action of a
geologic rift or
fault.
Geologic Features
• Volcanic Arc
• Trenches
• Volcanoes
• Mountain Range
• Mid-Ocean Ridge
• Rift Valleys
Volcanic Island Arc Trenches Volcanoes
Mountain Range Mid-Oceanic Ridge
Rift Valleys
Plate Boundaries Geologic Features
Convergent Plate
Boundaries
Divergent Plate
Boundaries
Transform-Fault
Boundaries
Answer:
Plate Boundaries Geologic Features
Volcanic Island Arc,
Convergent Plate
Mountain Ranges,
Boundaries
Volcanoes, and Trenches

Divergent Plate Rift valleys,

Boundaries Mid-Oceanic Ridges

Transform-Fault
Boundaries
none
Thank You for
Listening!
 PLATE BOUNDARIES
(Geologic Events)
1st Quarter – Week 2 Day 2

Prepared and
Presented by:
Ramil B. Bellen
EARTHQUAKE
Also known as a
quake, tremor or
temblor, it is the
shaking of the surface
of the Earth, resulting
from the sudden
release of energy in the
Earth's lithosphere that
creates seismic waves
TSUNAMI
A tidal wave, also
known as a seismic sea
wave, is a series of
waves in a water body
caused by the
displacement of a large
volume of water,
generally in an ocean or
a large lake
 What is tsunami and its effects?
• Tsunami damage is first caused by the immense
force of the tidal wave hitting the shoreline.
• The effects of the tsunami on the country
during this period range from destruction and
damage, death, injury, millions of dollars in
financial loss, and long lasting psychological
problems for the inhabitants of the region.
 What Causes Tsunami?
• Landslides
Landslides can happen on the seafloor, just like on
land. Areas of the seafloor that are steep and loaded with
sediment, such as the edge of the continental slope, are
more prone to undersea landslides.
When an undersea landslide occurs (perhaps after a
nearby earthquake) a large mass of sand, mud and gravel
can move down the slope. This movement will draw the
water down and may cause a tsunami that will travel
across the ocean.
 What Causes Tsunami?
• Earthquakes
Most tsunami are caused by large earthquakes
on the sea floor when slabs of rock move past each
other suddenly, causing the overlying water to
move. The resulting waves move away from the
source of the earthquake event.
 What Causes Tsunami?
• Volcanic eruptions
Tsunami initiated by volcanic eruptions are less
common. They occur in several ways:
– destructive collapse of coastal, island and underwater
volcanoes which result in massive landslides
– pyroclastic flows, which are dense mixtures of hot blocks,
pumice, ash and gas, plunging down volcanic slopes into the
ocean and pushing water outwards
– a caldera volcano collapsing after an eruption causing
overlying water to drop suddenly.
Geologic Events
•Tsunami
•Earthquake
Earthquake Tsunami
Plate Boundaries Geologic Events
Convergent Plate
Boundaries
Divergent Plate
Boundaries
Transform-Fault
Boundaries
Answer:

Plate Boundaries Geologic Events

Convergent Plate
Earthquake, Tsunami
Boundaries
Divergent Plate Earthquake
Boundaries
Transform-Fault Earthquake
Boundaries
So what?
Plate Geologic Geologic
Boundaries Features Events
Convergent Volcanic Island Arc,
Mountain Ranges, Earthquake,
Plate Volcanoes, and Tsunami
Boundaries Trenches
Divergent Plate Rift valleys,
Mid-Oceanic Ridges Earthquake
Boundaries
Transform-Fault
none Earthquake
Boundaries
Thank You for
Listening!
PLATE BOUNDARIES
(Geologic Processes)
1st Quarter

Prepared and
Presented by:
Ramil B. Bellen
 Geological Processes
A dynamic processes at work in the earth's
landforms and surfaces.
The mechanisms involved, weathering,
erosion, and plate tectonics,
combine processes that are in some respects
destructive and in others constructive.
Geologic processes involves in Plate
Boundaries:

•Subduction Zone
•Collision Zone
•Rift Zone
Subduction Zone
• a geological process
that takes place at
convergent boundaries
of tectonic plates where
one plate moves under
another and is forced to
sink due to gravity into
the mantle.
Collision Zone
It occurs when
tectonic plates
meeting at a
convergent
boundary both
bearing continental
lithosphere.
Rift Zone
A feature of some
volcanoes, especially
shield volcanoes, in
which a set of linear
cracks (or rifts) develops
in a volcanic edifice,
typically forming into
two or three well-
defined regions along
the flanks of the vent.
Fracture Zone
a long, narrow rift on the
ocean floor, separating
areas of differing depth:
where such a zone
crosses a mid-
ocean ridge, it displaces
the ridge by faulting. It
occur beyond the MOR
segment.
Subduction Zone Collision Zone
Rift Zone Fracture Zone
Plate Boundaries Geologic Processes
Convergent Plate
Boundaries
Divergent Plate
Boundaries
Transform-Fault
Boundaries
Answer:
Plate Boundaries Geologic Processes
Convergent Plate Subduction Zone,
Boundaries Collision Zone
Divergent Plate
Boundaries
Rift Zone
Transform-Fault
Boundaries
Fracture Zone
So what?
Plate Geologic Geologic Geologic
Boundaries Features Events Processes
Volcanic Island
Convergent Arc, Mountain
Earthquake, Subduction Zone,
Plate Ranges,
Collision Zone
Boundaries Volcanoes, and Tsunami
Trenches
Rift valleys,
Divergent Plate
Boundaries
Mid-Oceanic Earthquake Rift Zone
Ridges
Transform-
Fault none Earthquake Fracture Zone
Boundaries
Thank You for
Listening!
Formation of Philippine Archipelago
1st Quarter – Week 2 Day 4

Prepared and
Presented by:
Ramil B. Bellen
• Many parts of the Philippines
originated from oceanic-oceanic
convergence. This resulted from
the collision of two oceanic
plates, with one of the plates
diving under the other.
• Majority of the islands in the Philippine
Archipelago are considered as part of
the Philippine Mobile Belt.
• These island were formed 65 million
years ago at the southern edge of the
Philippine Sea Plate and are considered
as part of island arcs.
• Other parts of the
Philippines, such as
Palawan, Mindoro,
and the Zamboaga
Peninsula are all
highland sections of
the Sundaland Block
of the Eurasian Plate.
• The Philippine Mobile
Bent eventually
collided with the
Sundaland block which
explains the presence of
trenches, such as
Manila-Negros-
Cotabato Trench
System, and the Sulu
Trench.
On the eastern side
of the Philippines,
trenches like the
Philippine Trench
and East Luzon are
both products of
subducting
Philippine Sea Plate
beneath the
archipelago.
 Aside from the
formation of trenches
and troughs, the
downward movement
of oceanic lithosphere
underneath the
Philippine Archipelago
creates active volcano
chains.
 For example, the
descent of the West
Philippine sea oceanic
lithosphere along the
Manila Trench created
a volcanic chain from
Taiwan to Mindoro.
• Some of the known
active volcanoes in
this chain are
Pinatubo in Central
Luzon and Taal in
Batangas.
 • Also, the constant
dipping movement of
slabs induces frequent
moderate to strong
earthquakes at various
depths, gives rise to
mountain ranges and
develops the geologic
character of the
Philippine Archipelago.