MOCK TEST 9 – ANSWER KEY

I. LISTENING (50 POINTS)

Part 1.
1. Ben Oppermann
2. Social Studies
3. Postgraduate Certificate
4. Youth for Action on Development
5. wildlife protection group

Part 2.
6-7. B,E (in any order)
A. not in full swing (starting to filter through)
C. not long-standing (young and fledging democracy)
D. actually Western countries’ prejudice towards Ethiopia rather than the opposite.
8-10. A,B,E (in any order)
C. released journalists, not political leaders
D. gender-balanced (50%), not female-dominated
F. internal displacement is still prevalent

Part 3.
11. D
From every £1 spent on safari package, 20p goes to the travel agent, 40p goes to the airline, 23p goes to
the hotel, 8p goes to the safari company and 9p ends up in the Kenyan government’s coffers. Of that 9p,
15% is used to pay off debts and the rest to import goods for those on safari. The local landowners,
the Masai, get nothing!
12. C
In other words, they are prepared to take what is offered rather than risk losing tourists if our
operators decide to channel their customers to other countries so that they can maintain or even increase
their profit margins.
13. B
One resource that is placed under great pressure is water as consumption often rises unsustainably
during the tourist season. Benidorm is a case in point. This tourist destination has over 130 hotels and
there are thousands of swimming pools across the resort. As this place relies on an underground water
source, water has to be removed two to three times faster than it can be replenished to meet tourist
demand. The result is that the levels in the aquifers drop, seawater seeps in and effectively poisons the
surrounding farmland.
14. A
The upshot of this is that the locals have no choice but to satisfy tourist demand as their livelihoods
literally depend on tourism. They are caught between the proverbial rock and hard place as when an
area becomes tourist-dependent and poses its potential to provide for tourists, it is abandoned, leaving
the locals with no means of support.
15. B
According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, travel and tourism employs 240 million people
and generates 0.4% of global GDP. Add to that the indirect employment created through the multiplier
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effect and you have too many people dependent on tourism for it to undergo any immediate
radical changes.

Part 4.
16. record-breaking 21. gain traction
17. Microsoft 22. search results
18. broken up 23. stifling
19. dominance 24. taken a lead
20. pre-install 25. trust-busting

II. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (20 POINTS)

Part 1.
26.D 27.D 28.B 29.C 30.A 31.A 32.B
33.C 34.C 35.D 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.A

Part 2.
40. authoritarian 41. lawlessness/unlawfulness 42. enactment
43. surveillance 44. enlighten 45. tampering

III. READING (50 POINTS)

Part 1.
46. realize 47. recharge 48. time 49. movement 50. invention
51. draw 52. rely 53. supply 54. carry 55. useful

Part 2.
56. T
57. F
58. T
59. NG
60. F
61. T
62. NG
63. T
64. N
65. C
66. H
67. E
68. L

Part 3.
69. H
70. B
71. G
72. C
73. F
74. A
75. D

Part 4.
76. C
77. B
78. D

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79. A
80. D
81. C
82. B
83. C
84. B
85. A

Part 5.
86 C
87 D
88 A
89 C
90 D
91 B
92 A
93 C
94 D
95 B

IV. WRITING (60 points)

Part 1. (15pts)
Contents (10 points):
- The summary MUST cover the main points:
- The summary MUST NOT contain personal opinions.
Language use (5 points)
The summary:
+ should show attempts to convey the main ideas of the original text by means of paraphrasing
(structural and lexical use),
+ should demonstrate correct use of grammatical structures, vocabulary, and mechanics (spelling,
punctuations,....),
+ should maintain coherence, cohesion, and unity throughout (by means of linkers and transitional
devices).
Penalties:
+ A penalty of 1 point to 2 points will be given to personal opinions found in the summary.
+ A penalty of 1 point to 2 points will be given to any summary with more than 20% of words copied
from the original.
+ A penalty of 1 point to 2 points will be given to any summary longer than 130 words or shorter than
90 words.
Sample:
Man, in his pursuit of development has done more harm than good. By destroying the habitat of wildlife
directly or indirectly, many species of wildlife are lost forever. Certain species are able to withstand the
changes to the land while others simply vanish. Every form of human activity will affect the habitat of
wildlife. The only preservation done by man is for animals that they consider useful to man. Their
predators are systematically destroyed. Yet this has in no way increased the number of protected
animals. By intervening, Man has created an imbalance in the cycle. Therefore, there is a need to keep a
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balance between development and preservation because man's future depends very much on this
equilibrium. ( 120 words )

Part 2. (15pts)
Contents (10 points):
- The report MUST have at least 2 paragraphs covering the following points:
• Introduce the charts (2 points) and state the overall trends & striking features (2 points)
• Describe main features with relevant data from the charts and make relevant comparisons
(6 points)
- The report MUST NOT contain personal opinions. (A penalty of 1 point to 2 points will be given
to personal opinions found in the answer.)
Language use (5 points)
The report:
- should demonstrate a wide variety of lexical and grammatical structures,
- should have correct use of words (verb tenses, word forms, voice,…); and mechanics (spelling,
punctuations,....).

Sample:
The chart shows average distances that people in England travelled using different forms of transport in
the years 1985 and 2000.

It is clear that the total number of miles travelled by English people using all modes of transport
increased significantly between 1985 and 2000. The car was by far the most used form of transport in
both years.

In 1985, the average person travelled 3,199 miles by car, and this rose to 4,806 miles in the year 2000.
The figures for miles travelled by train, long-distance bus, taxi and other modes also increased from
1985 to 2000. Travel by taxi saw the most significant change, with more than a threefold increase from
13 miles per person per year in 1985 to 42 miles in 2000.

There was a fall in the average distances for three forms of transport, namely walking, bicycle and local
bus. In 1985, English people walked an average of 255 miles, but this figure fell by 18 miles in 2000.
Bicycle use fell from 51 to 41 miles over the period shown, while the biggest downward change was in
the use of local buses, with average miles per person falling from 429 to 274 over the 15-year period.

Part 3. (30 points)

The mark given to part 3 is based on the following criteria:
1. Task achievement: (10 points)
a. ALL requirements of the task are sufficiently addressed.
b. Ideas are adequately supported and elaborated with relevant and reliable explanations,
examples, evidence, personal experience, etc.
2. Organization: (10 points)
a. Ideas are well organized and presented with coherence, cohesion, and unity.
b. The essay is well-structured:
• Introduction is presented with clear thesis statement.
• Body paragraphs are written with unity, coherence, and cohesion. Each body
paragraph must have a topic sentence and supporting details and examples when
necessary.

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 • Conclusion summarises the main points and offers personal opinions (prediction,
recommendation, consideration,…) on the issue.
3. Language use: (5 points)
a. Demonstration of a variety of topic-related vocabulary
b. Excellent use and control of grammatical structures
4. Punctuation, spelling, and handwriting (5 points)
a. Correct punctuation and no spelling mistakes
b. Legible handwriting
Sample:
It has been claimed that tourism can diminish the differences between cultures and break down
stereotypes. I wholeheartedly agree with this statement on the grounds that international travel offers
opportunities for cross-cultural interaction between visitors and locals, thereby enhancing their cultural
knowledge and removing cultural barriers.

Firstly, exposure to cultural heritage and direct communication between tourists and indigenous people
allows each side to acquire a proper understanding of the other’s cultural backgrounds. Travellers can
learn about the host‘s rich legacy of artefacts by visiting local landmarks. For example, those who pay a
visit to Rome would experience first-hand the immense fortifications constructed during the Roman
Empire while visitors to the Louvre Museum in Paris are accessible to vast collections of paintings and
sculptures displayed in its galleries. Visitors also gain insights into Ancient Roman Architecture or
Renaissance Art, which otherwise would be endless mysteries to them were it not for these valuable
trips. Besides, people also obtain a unique perspective on exotic customs by observing or by talking
openly to each other. Eastern inhabitants may be excited to find out how western travellers become
versed with using knives and forks during meals and imitate this peculiar habit. Meanwhile, having been
explained how Indian curry is made, Westerners may try Asian cooking techniques. Clearly, tourism
provides both sides numerous chances for improving knowledge, which contributes to resolving cultural
discrepancies.

Secondly, transnational travel helps overcome language obstacles and culture-based prejudices. The
meticulous arrangement at tourist attractions means that misunderstanding arisen from language barriers
can be eliminated. For instance, travel guidelines and signposts at museums are all translated into
English, which makes it easier for foreigners to follow art exhibitions organised there. Tourist guides
who master different foreign languages are also willing to give visitors more details about the originality
of artworks. Tourism also serves as a go-between, resolving deep-rooted conflicts between ethnic
groups and countries. Looking through their own cultural lens, Americans used to treat Vietnamese
people as sworn foes and perceive Vietnam a culturally barren country during Vietnam’s Civil War.
Formal normalization of U.S.-Vietnam diplomatic relations took place in 1995, followed by soaring
numbers of American tourists flocking to Vietnam for vacations. Over time, they have appreciated the
diversity of Vietnamese culture, and the previous assumption gradually disappeared. These shreds of
evidence highlight the fact that tourism plays an important role in getting rid of cultural barriers and
facilitating cultural exchange.

To sum up, tourism plays a vital role in resolving cultural differences. It promotes understanding and
eliminates barriers and conflicts.

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V. SPEAKING (20 POINTS)

Climate change is one of the most pressing problems the world is currently facing. Its impacts are being
felt across the globe as temperatures rise and extreme weather becomes more common. There are two
serious reasons for the deteriorating climate: the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. It is high time
measures were implemented to ameliorate the effects of climate change.

One reason for climate change is the burning of fossil fuels for transportation and industry, which results
in gases being released into the air that contribute to global warming. Even though vehicles today
produce fewer pollutants and there are more environmental regulations on industrial emissions, the
number of vehicles on the roads and factories in operation is constantly increasing. This is a daunting
challenge as citizens of developed nations literally eat, wear and use the products made from the burning
of fossil fuels.

Equally devastating for the climate is the issue of deforestation. Forests are being cleared at an
unprecedented rate to make way for agricultural expansion or new settlements. This negatively impacts
the climate because plants and trees not only remove CO2 from air to create the oxygen we breathe but
also store CO2 which is released back into the atmosphere when the forests are destroyed. They also
regulate the water cycle, and their destruction can exacerbate warming and drought.

Once the roots of climate change are understood, it is possible to propose a number of solutions. As far
as fossil fuels are concerned, we need to increase the use of public transport, promote the use of electric
vehicles and introduce stricter laws limiting factory emissions. Another solution is to start investing in
renewable energies such as wind and solar power. As for deforestation, better farming methods along
with paper recycling and managing development could help to solve the problem.

In conclusion, climate change is a complicated problem. However, I believe that the effects can be
counterbalanced if we redesign our transport system, impose stricter industry regulations, invest in
renewable energy technologies and improve agricultural practices and forest management. After all, if
we do not take steps to reduce climate change now, who will?