Alkali (K-Ammonium) a continuation

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•!major intracellular cation

• Potash: soluble k+ salt
• roles: protein synthesis, impulse trans-
Potassium
mission, acid-base balance activator of
several enzymes, diuretic contraction of
muscles
Potash Soluble K+ Salts
• K2SO4
• liver of sulfur, Hepar sulfur, Potassia
Silfurata
• mixture of potassium polysulfide and
Sulfurated potash thiosulfate containing nH 12% sulfur
• Necessity in white lotion. USP -> Lotio
Alba (sulfurated potash +ZnSO4)
• use astringent, protective treatment of
parasitic diseases of the skin
Potassium in, Sodium out PISO
what will happen if there's too much sodi-
Magmamanas/ Swelling
um in the body
What will happen if there's too much K in
Shrinking (Hyperkalemia)
the body
• CH3COOK
Potassium Acetate
•systemic and urinary alkalizer
• KHCO3
potassium bicarbonate • use: carbonating agent for magnesium
citrate oral solution (MCOS)
• KC4H5O6
• cream of tartar, argol, acid potassium
potassium bitartrate tartrate
• use ingredients of baking powder to
raise dough

• K2CO3
potassium carbonate • potash, pearl ash, salt of tartar, salt
of wormwood It is a white, translucent,

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odorless, granular or crystalline material
that tends to absorb water from the air.
• KCl
• use: in potassium replenish your hy-
pokalemic states
• preferred salt for the correction of hy-
pokalemia
• component of Ringer' and lactated
potassium chloride ringer's solution
• component of Darrow's solution -> (KCl,
NaCl, Na Lactate)
• component of lethal injection (IV push)
• available KCI extended retail tablets ->
Kalium Durules (700mg)
• pag dipo extended (600mg)
• KC6H11O7
potassium gluconate • use: electrolyte replenisher
• same with Na
• KOH
• Caustic Potash, POTASH LYE
• Deliquescent: strong base (same with
potassium hydroxide NaOh)
• Use as saponifying agent for medicated
soft soap, USP

softsoap uses KOH

hardsoap uses NaOH

• KI
• source of iodide in table salt for pre-
vention of goiter (1 part of KI to 100,000
parts of salt)
potassium iodide • treatment of hyperthyroidism; prepara-
tion for thyroid surgery
• solubilizer for iodine
• ! DOC: cutaneous lymphatics sporotri-
chosis (rose gardener's disease)
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-causative agent: sporothrix schenki
• Necessity of Lugol's solution -> I in KI
causative agent of cutaneous Lymphatic
sporothrix schenki
sporothrichosis
Betadine Lugols Solution and Povidon Iodide
• KNO3
potassium nitrate • Salt Peter, Salitre, Salt Prunelle
• use: tooth desensitizing agent
tooth desensitizing agents pampamanhid ng ngipin
• KClO4
• strong oxidizing property
potassium perchlorate
• use (old): anti-thyroid agent for the treat-
ment of hyperthyroidism
• KMnO4
• mineral chameleon
• purple color; strong oxidizing agent
•use in bromhidrosis, mycotic infections,
potassium permanganate
and poison ivy dermatitis
•solutions used for cleansing wounds, ul-
cers, abscesses, wet dressings, bath in
eczematous conditions
ulcer open sore (pagsusugat)
abscesses nana
• K2S2O5
potassium metabisulfite
• a good reducing agent; antioxidant
• KPO3
potassium metaphosphate
• buffering agent
• KH2PO4
• K2HPO4
monobasic potassium phosphate and
• Sorensen's potassium phosphate: use
dibasic potassium phosphate
in conjunction for treatment of hypercal-
cemia
• C6H7KO2
potassium sorbate
• use: preservative and antimicrobial

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very similar in behavior to potassium ion
rubidium and cesium
(K+)
• RbCl
• rubidium for right rb B2 injection use,
(Cardiogen )
rubidium chloride
- cardiac imaging (PET/ positron emis-
sion tomography scan) for patients with
suspected myocardial infarction
• CsCl
cesium chloride
• used in dentistry gradient centrifugation
•NH4
• pseudo-alkaline metal ion; similar prop-
erties to group 1A
ammonium • often preferred to alkaline bases
• aqueous ammonia: mild alkalizer
• household ammonia: 10% NH3 (known
as 16° ammonia degrees Baume)
• (NH4)2CO3
• ammonia crystal, sal volatile ammo-
nia sesquicarbonate, preston salt, hearts
ammonium carbonate
horn
• pharmaceutical necessity for aromatic
ammonia spirit (pagnahihimatay), USP
• NH4Cl
• Sal Amoniac, Salmiac, Muriate of am-
ammonium chloride monia
• use: osmotic diuretic, systemic acidifier,
expectorant, urinary acidifier (chlorides)
• (NH4)Al(SO4)2 and KAl(SO„)‚·12H‚O
ammonium alum and potassium alum
• Tawas: astringent and antiperspirant
compounds that act against or inhibit
antiperspirant
perspiration
• NH4OH
• stronger ammonia water, stronger am-
monium hydroxide
• use mainly for chemical and pharma-
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ceutical purposes
• used in making ammonia water by dilu-
strong ammonia solution tion
• ingredients in making aromatic ammo-
nia spirit
• (NH4)3PO4
• use: diuretic and buffering agent in
ammonium phosphate
pharmaceutical preparation

• respiratory stimulant in case of hysteri-

aromatic ammonia spirit
cal syncope

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