SOLUTION

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

Q1. Acetone and carbon disulphide form binary liquid solution showing positive deviation from Raoult’s law.
The normal boiling point (Tb) of pure acetone is less than that of pure CS2. Pick out the incorrect statement
among the following-
(a) Boiling temperature of the mixture is always less than the boiling temperature of acetone
(b) Boiling temperature of Azeotropic mixture is always less than the boiling temperature of acetone (c) When a
small amount of CS2 (less volatile component) is added to an excess of acetone boiling point of the resulting
mixture increases
(d) A mixture of CS2 and CH3COCH3 can be completely separated by simple fractional distillation

Q2. An antifreeze solution is prepared from 222.6 g of ethylene glycol C2H4(OH)2 and 200 g of water. Calculate
the molality of the solution. If the density of this solution be 1.072 gmL-1, what will be the molarity of the
solution?
(a) 7.20 M (b) 12.03 M (c) 9.11 M (d) 6 M

Q3. When mercuric iodide is added to the aqueous solution of potassium iodide, the:
(a) Freezing point is raised (b) Freezing point does not change
(c) Freezing point is lowered (d) Boiling point does not change

Q4. The molal elevation constant depends upon

(a) nature of solute. (b) nature of the solvent. (c)
vapour pressure of the solution. (d) enthalpy change.

Q5. The osmotic pressure of a solution is directly proportional to

(a) the molecular concentration of the solute (b) the absolute temperature at a given concentration
(b) the lowering of vapour pressure (d) all the above.

Q6. Which of the following aqueous solutions containing 10 g of solute in each case, has highest m.p.?
(a) NaCl solution (b) KC1 solution (c) sugar solution (d) glucose solution

Q7. Equimolar solutions in the same solvent have-

(a) Same boiling point but different freezing point
(b) Same freezing point, but different boiling point
(c) Same boiling and same freezing point
(d) Different boiling and different freezing points

Q8. The average osmotic pressure of human blood is 7.8 bar at 37°C. What is the concentration of an aqueous
solution of NaCl that could be used in blood stream?
(a) 0.15 mol L-1 (b) 0.30 mol L-1 (c) 0.60 mol L-1 (d) 0.45 mol L-1

Q9. Consider the figure and mark the correct option.

(a) water will move from side (A) to side (B) if a pressure lower than osmotic pressure is applied on piston (B).
(b)water will move from side (B) to side (A) if a pressure greater than osmotic, pressure is applied on piston (B).
(c) water will move from side (B) to side (A) if a pressure equal to osmotic pressure is applied on piston (B).
(d)water will move from side (A) to side (B) if pressure equal to osmotic pressure is applied on piston (A).

Q10.Which of the following is incorrect for an ideal solution?

(a) ∆Hmix =0 (b) ∆Vmix = 0 (c) ∆P = Pobs – Pcalculated = 0 (d) ∆Gmix = 0

Q11.Low concentration of oxygen in the blood and tissues of people living at high altitude is due to-
(a) low temperature (b) low atmospheric pressure
(c) high atmospheric pressure (d) both low temperature and high atmospheric pressure

ANSWERS OF MCQ
[1-d; 2-c; 3-a; 4-b; 5-d; 6-c; 7-c; 8-a; 9-b; 10-d; 11-b]

ASSERTION- REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

DIRECTION: Mark the option which is most suitable:

A. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
B. If both Assertion and Reason are correct and reason is not correct explanation of Assertion
C. If Assertion is correct but Reason is incorrect.
D. If Assertion is incorrect and Reason is correct.

Q12: Assertion: An aqueous solution of NaCl freezes below 273 K.

Reason: Vapour pressure of the solution is less than that of the pure solvent.

Q13: Assertion: Isotonic solutions do not show any osmosis when placed side by side.
Reason: Isotonic solutions have same solute concentration.

Q14: Assertion: Molarity of the solution changes with temperature.

Reason: Molarity is a colligative property.

Q15: Assertion: Cooking time is reduced in pressure cooker.

Reason: Boiling point of water inside the pressure cooker is lowered.

Q16: Assertion: 1 M glucose will have a higher boiling point than 2 M glucose
Reason: Elevation in boiling point is a colligative property which depends upon the number of particles of
solute in the solution

COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTION S

Q17. The properties of the solutions which depend only on the number of solute particles but not on the nature
of the solute are called colligative properties. Relative lowering in vapour pressure is also an example of
colligative properties. For an experiment, sugar solution is prepared for which lowering in vapour pressure was
found to be 0.061 mm of Hg.(vapour pressure of water at 20ºC is 17.5 mm of Hg).

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate options:

(i) Relative lowering of vapour pressure for the given solution is-
(a) 0.00348 (b) 0.061 (c) 0.122 (d) 1.75

(ii) The vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of Solution will be

(a) 17.5 (b) 0.61 (c) 17.439 (d) 0.00348

(iii) Mole fraction of sugar in the solution is

(a) 0.00348 (b) 0.9965 (c) 0.061 (d) 1.75
(iv) If weight of sugar taken is 5 g in 108 g of water then molar mass of sugar will be
(a) 358 (b) 120 (c) 240 (d) 400

(v) The vapour pressure (mm of Hg) of water at 293 K when 25 g of glucose is dissolved in 450 g
of water is
(a) 17.2 (b) 17.4 (c) 17.120 (d) 17.02

Q18. The solubility of gases increases with increase of pressure. William Henry made a systematic investigation
of the solubility of a gas in a liquid. According to Henry’s law “the mass of a gas dissolved per unit volume of the
solvent at constant temperature is directly proportional to the pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the solution”.
Dalton during the same period also concluded independently that the solubility of a gas in a liquid solution depends
upon the partial pressure of the gas. If we use the mole fraction of gas in the solution as a measure of its solubility,
then Henry’s law can be modified as “the partial pressure of the gas in the vapour phase is directly proportional to
the mole fraction of the gas in the solution”.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate options:

(i) Henry’s law constant for the solubility of methane in benzene at 298 K is 4.27 × 105 mm Hg. The solubility
of methane in benzene at 298 K under 760 mm Hg is
(a) 4.27 × 10–5 (b) 1.78 × 10–3 (c) 4.27 × 10–3 (d) 1.78 × 10–3

(ii) The partial pressure of ethane over a saturated solution containing 6.56 × 10–2 g of ethane is 1 bar. If the
solution contains 5.00 × 10–2 g of ethane then what will be the partial pressure (in bar) of the gas? (a) 0.762
(b) 1.312 (c) 3.81 (d) 5.0

(iii) KH (K bar) values for Ar(g), CO2(g), HCHO(g) and CH4(g) are 40.39, 1.67, 1.83 × 10–5 and 0.413
respectively. Arrange these gases in the order of their increasing solubility.
(a) HCHO < CH4 < CO2 < Ar (b) HCHO < CO2 < CH4 < Ar
(c) Ar < CO2 < CH4 < HCHO (d) Ar < CH4 < CO2 < HCHO

(iv) When a gas is bubbled through water at 298 K, a very dilute solution of the gas is obtained. Henry’s law
constant for the gas at 298 K is 150 K bar. If the gas exerts a partial pressure of 2 bar, the number of millimoles
of the gas dissolved in 1 L of water is
(a) 0.55 (b) 0.87 (c) 0.37 (d) 0.66

Q19. The properties of dilute or ideal solutions which depend only upon the concentration of the solute in the
solution and no other characteristics are known as colligative properties. There are in all four such properties i.e.
relative lowering in vapour pressure, osmotic pressure, elevation in boiling point temperature and depression in
freezing point temperature. All of them help in calculating the observed molar mass of the solute which is inversely
proportional to the colligative property involved. Out of these, osmotic pressure may be regarded as the best for
the determination of molecular mass of the solute. According to Van’t Hoff theory of dilute solution, π = CRT,
where ‘π’ is the osmotic pressure while ‘C’ is the molar concentration of the solution.

(i) When liquids A and B are mixed, hydrogen bonding occurs. The solutions will show:
a) Positive deviation from Raoult’s law b) Negative deviation from Raoult’s law
c) No deviation from Raoult’s law d) Slightly increase in volume

(ii) The azeotropic mixture of water and HCl boils at 108.50C when the mixture is distilled. It is possible to
obtain:
a) Pure HCl b) Pure water
c) Pure water as well as pure HCl d) Neither HCl nor water in their pure states.

(iii) On freezing an aqueous solution of sugar, the solid which starts separating out is:
a. Sugar b. Ice
c. Solution with the same composition d. Solution with different composition
(iv) The value of osmotic pressure does not depend upon:
a) Concentration of the solution b) Temperature of the solution
c) Number of the particles of the solute present d) Structure of the solute particles

(v) Effect of adding a non-volatile solute to a solvent is :

a) to lower the vapour pressure b) to increase the freezing point
c) to decrease the boiling point d) to decrease the osmotic pressure

Q20. Boiling point or freezing point of liquid solution would be affected by the dissolved solids in the liquid
phase. A soluble solid in solution has the effect of raising its boiling point and depressing its freezing point. The
addition of non-volatile substances to a solvent decreases the vapor pressure and the added solute particles affect
the formation of pure solvent crystals. According to many researches the decrease in freezing point directly
correlated to the concentration of solutes dissolved in the solvent. This phenomenon is expressed as freezing point
depression and it is useful for several applications such as freeze concentration of liquid food and to find the molar
mass of an unknown solute in the solution. Freeze concentration is a high-quality liquid food concentration method
where water is removed by forming ice crystals. This is done by cooling the liquid food below the freezing point
of the solution. The freezing point depression is referred as a colligative property and it is proportional to the molar
concentration of the solution (m), along with vapor pressure lowering, boiling point elevation, and osmotic
pressure. These are physical characteristics of solutions that depend only on the identity of the solvent and the
concentration of the solute. The characters are not depending on the solute’s identity.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate options:

(i) When a non-volatile solid is added to pure water it will- (a) boil above 100ºC and freeze above 0ºC.
(b) b) boil below 100ºC and freeze above 0ºC.
(c) boil above 100ºC and freeze below 0ºC.
(d) boil below 100ºC and freeze below 0ºC.

(ii) Colligative properties are

(a) dependent only on the concentration of the solute and independent of the solvent’s and solute’s identity.
(b) dependent only on the identity of the solute and the concentration of the solute and independent of the
solvent’s identity.
(c) dependent on the identity of the solvent and solute and thus on the concentration of the solute.
(d) dependent only on the identity of the solvent and the concentration of the solute and independent of the
solute’s identity.

(iii) Assume three samples of juices A, B and C have glucose as the only sugar present in them. The
concentration of sample A, B and C are 0.1 M, 0.5 M and 0.2 M respectively. Freezing point will be highest
for the fruit juice
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) all have same freezing point

(iv) Identify which of the following is a colligative property?

(a) Freezing point (b) Boiling point (c) Osmotic pressure (d) All of the above
 QUESTION BANK
SOLUTIONS
CLASS-12 (CBSE)

S No. QUESTION YEAR

Note: The GREEN coloured questions are from the reduced

portion of syllabus as per CBSE guidelines.
1. Define the following
a) Molality (m) 2017(OD,D),
b) Abnormal molar mass 2017(OD,D),
c) Colligative properties 2017(D),
d) Ideal solution 2017(D), 2013(OD), 2012(OD,D), 2009(OD)
e) Molarity 2017(D), 2014(OD)
f) van’t Hoff factor 2017(D), 2012(D), 2009(OD)
g) Molal elevation constant 2014(OD)
h) Osmotic pressure 2013(OD)
i) Azeotrope 2013(OD)
j) Mole fraction 2012(OD), 2012(D), 2009(OD)
k) Isotonic solutions 2012(D), 2009(OD)
2. Identify which liquid will have a higher vapour pressure at 90°C if the boiling points of two 2020
liquids A and B are 140°C and 180°C, respectively.
3. For a 5% solution of urea (Molar mass = 60 g/mol), calculate the osmotic pressure at 300 K. 2020
[R = 0·0821 L atm K–1 mol–1]
OR
Visha took two aqueous solutions — one containing 7·5 g of urea (Molar mass = 60 g/mol)
and the other containing 42·75 g of substance Z in 100 g of water, respectively. It was
observed that both the solutions froze at the same temperature. Calculate the molar mass of Z.
4. Calculate the mass of ascorbic acid (Molar mass = 176 g mol–1) to be dissolved in 75 g of 2020
acetic acid, to lower its freezing point by 1·5°C.
(Kf = 3·9 K kg mol–1)
5. Identify which liquid will have lower vapour pressure at 90°C if the boiling points of two 2020
liquids A and B are 140°C and 180°C respectively.
6. Predict the state of the solute in the solution in the following situations : 2020
(a) When ‘i’ is found to be more than one.
(b) When ‘i’ is found to be less than one.
7. An antifreeze solution is prepared by dissolving 31 g of ethylene glycol (Molar mass = 62 g 2020
mol–1) in 600 g of water. Calculate the freezing point of the solution. (Kf for water = 1·86 K
kg mol–1)
8. Predict the state of the solute in the solution in the following situations : 2020
(a) When ‘i’ is found to be 0·3.
(b) When ‘i’ is found to be 4.
9. Predict the state of the solute in the following situations : 2020
(a) Experimentally determined molar mass is more than the true value.
(b) ‘i’ value is 0·4.
10. (a) A solution contains 5·85 g NaCl (Molar mass = 58·5 g mol–1) per litre of solution. It has 2020
an osmotic pressure of 4·75 atm at 27°C. Calculate the degree of dissociation of NaCl in this
solution. (Given : R = 0·082 L atm K–1 mol–1)
(b) State Henry’s law. Why is air diluted with helium in the tanks used by scuba divers?
OR
1
 QUESTION BANK
SOLUTIONS
CLASS-12 (CBSE)

(a) When 19·5 g of F – CH2 – COOH (Molar mass = 78 g mol–1) is dissolved in 500 g of
water, the depression in freezing point is observed to be 1°C. Calculate the degree of
dissociation of F – CH2 – COOH. [Given : Kf for water = 1·86 K kg mol–1]
(b) Give reasons :
(i) 0·1 M KCl has higher boiling point than 0·1 M Glucose.
(ii) Meat is preserved for a longer time by salting.
11. What happens when 2020
(i) A pressure greater than osmotic pressure is applied on the solution side separated from
solvent by a semipermeable membrane?
(ii) Acetone is added to pure ethanol?
12. State Henry’s law. Calculate the solubility of CO2 in water at 298 K under 760 mm Hg. 2020
(KH for CO2 in water at 298 K is 1.25 x 106 mm Hg
13. The freezing point of a solution containing 5g of benzoic acid (M = 122 g mol–1) in 35g of 2020
benzene is depressed by 2.94 K. What is the percentage association of benzoic acid if it forms
a dimer in solution? (Kf for benzene = 4.9 K kg mol–1)
14. A 0.01 m aqueous solution of AlCl3 freezes at – 0.068 °C. Calculate the percentage of 2020
dissociation. [Given : Kf for Water = 1.86 K kg mol–1]
15. A 4% solution(w/w) of sucrose (M = 342 g mol–1) in water has a freezing point of 2019
271.15 K. Calculate the freezing point of 5% glucose (M = 180 g mol–1) in water.
(Given : Freezing point of pure water = 273.15 K)
16. State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components. Write two characteristics of 2019
the solution which obeys Raoult’s law at all concentrations.
17. Write two differences between an ideal solution and a non-ideal solution. 2019
18. Give reasons : 2019
(a) Cooking is faster in pressure cooker than in cooking pan.
(b) Red Blood Cells (RBC) shrink when placed in saline water but swell in distilled water.
19. A solution containing 1·9 g per 100 mL of KCl (M = 74·5 g mol–1) is isotonic with a solution 2019
containing 3 g per 100 mL of urea (M = 60 g mol–1). Calculate the degree of dissociation of
KCl solution. Assume that both the solutions have same temperature.
20. Give reasons : 2019
(a) A decrease in temperature is observed on mixing ethanol and acetone.
(b) Potassium chloride solution freezes at a lower temperature than water.
21. A solution containing 1·9 g per 100 mL of KCl (M = 74·5 g mol–1) is isotonic with a solution 2019
containing 3 g per 100 mL of urea (M = 60 g mol–1). Calculate the degree of dissociation of
KCl solution. Assume that both the solutions have same temperature.
22. Give reasons: 2019
(a) An increase in temperature is observed on mixing chloroform and acetone.
(b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.
23. (a) Out of 0·1 molal aqueous solution of glucose and 0·1 molal aqueous solution of KCl, 2019
which one will have higher boiling point and why?
(b) Predict whether van’t Hoff factor, (i) is less than one or greater than one in the following:
(i) CH3COOH dissolved in water
(ii) CH3COOH dissolved in benzene
24. A solution 0·1 M of Na2SO4 is dissolved to the extent of 95%. What would be its osmotic 2019
pressure at 27C? (R = 0·0821 L atm K–1 mol–1)
25. Give reasons for the following : 2019
(a) Aquatic species are more comfortable in cold water than warm water.
2
 QUESTION BANK
SOLUTIONS
CLASS-12 (CBSE)

(b) At higher altitudes people suffer from anoxia resulting in inability to think.
OR
What type of azeotropic mixture will be formed by a solution of acetone and chloroform?
Justify on the basis of strength of intermolecular interactions that develop in the solution.
26. At 300 K, 30 g of glucose present in a litre of its solution has an osmotic pressure of 4·98 bar. 2019
If the osmotic pressure of a glucose solution is 1·52 bar at the same temperature, what would
be its concentration?
27. (a) Draw the graph between vapour pressure and temperature and explain the elevation in 2019
boiling point of a solvent in solution.
(b) Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 25 mg of K2SO4 in 2
litres of water at 25C assuming it to be completely dissociated. (Atomic masses K = 39 u, S
= 32 u, O = 16 u)
OR
(a) Write two characteristics of non-ideal solution.
(b) 2 g of benzoic (C6H5COOH) dissolved in 25 g of benzene shows a depression in freezing
point equal to 1·62 K. Molal depression constant for benzene is 4·9 K kg mol–1. What is the
percentage association of acid if it forms dimer in solution?
28. Calculate the freezing point of a solution containing 60 g of glucose (Molar mass = 180 g 2018
mol–1) in 250 g of water. (Kf of water = 1·86 K kg mol–1)
29. Give reasons for the following : 2018
(a) Measurement of osmotic pressure method is preferred for the determination of molar
masses of macromolecules such as proteins and polymers.
(b) Aquatic animals are more comfortable in cold water than in warm water.
(c) Elevation of boiling point of 1 M KCl solution is nearly double than that of 1 M sugar
solution.
30. (a) A 10% solution (by mass) of sucrose in water has a freezing point of 269·15 K. Calculate 2017(OD)
the freezing point of 10% glucose in water if the freezing point of pure water is 273·15 K. 2017(D)
Given : (Molar mass of sucrose = 342 g mol-1) (Molar mass of glucose = 180 g mol-1)
31. (a) 30 g of urea (M = 60 g mol-1) is dissolved in 846 g of water. Calculate the vapour pressure 2017(OD)
of water for this solution if vapour pressure of pure water at 298 K is 23·8 mm Hg.
(b) Write two differences between ideal solutions and non-ideal solutions.
32. What are colligative properties? Write the colligative property which is used to find the 2017(F)
molecular mass of macromolecules.
33. A solution of glucose (Molar mass = 180 g mol–1) in water has a boiling point of 100·20°C. 2017(F)
Calculate the freezing point of the same solution. Molal constants for water Kf and Kb are
1·86 K kg mol–1 and 0·512 K kg mol–1 respectively.
34. Gas (A) is more soluble in water than Gas (B) at the same temperature. Which one of the two 2016(OD)
gases will have the higher value of KH (Henry’s constant) and why? 2007(OD)
35. In non-ideal solution, what type of deviation shows the formation of maximum boiling 2016(OD)
azeotropes? 2007(OD)
36. Calculate the boiling point of solution when 4 g of 𝑴𝒈𝑺𝑶𝟒 (𝑴 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝒈𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏) was dissolved 2016(OD)
in 100 g of water, assuming 𝑴𝒈𝑺𝑶𝟒 undergoes complete ionization. (𝑲𝒃 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 = 𝟎.
𝟓𝟐𝑲𝒌𝒈𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏)
37. Calculate the freezing point of solution when 1.9 g of MgCl2 (𝑴 = 𝟗𝟓 𝒈𝑴𝒐𝒍−𝟏) was 2016(D)
dissolved in 50g of water, assuming MgCl2 undergoes complete ionization. (𝐊𝐟 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫 =
𝟏.𝟖𝟔𝐊𝐤𝐠𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏).
38. Out of 1 M glucose and 2 M glucose, which one has a higher boiling point and why? 2016(D)
3
 QUESTION BANK
SOLUTIONS
CLASS-12 (CBSE)

39. What happens when the external pressure applied becomes more that the osmotic pressure of 2016(D)
solution?
40. When 2.56 g of Sulphur was dissolved in 100 g of 𝑪𝑺𝟐, the freezing point lowered by 0.383 2016(D)
K. Calculate the formula of sulphur (𝑺𝒙).
(𝑲𝒇 𝒇𝒐𝒓𝑪𝑺𝟐 = 𝟑. 𝟖𝟑𝑲𝒌𝒈𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏, 𝑨𝒕𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒄 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒖𝒍𝒑𝒉𝒖𝒓 = 𝟑𝟐𝒈𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏)
41. Blood cells are isotonic with 0.9% sodium chloride solution. What happens if we place blood 2016(D)
cells in a solution containing.
(i) 1.2% sodium chloride solution?
(ii) 0.4% sodium chloride solution?
42. On mixing liquid X and liquid Y, volume of the resulting solution decreases. What type of 2015(OD)
deviation from Raoult’s law is shown by the resulting solution? What change in temperature
would be observe after mixing liquids X and Y?
43. What happens when we place the blood cell in water (hypotonic solution)? Give reason. 2015(OD)

44. A solution is prepared by dissolving 10g of non-volatile solute in 200g of water. It has a 2015(OD)
vapour pressure of 31.84 mm Hg at 308K. Calculate the molar mass of the solute. (Vapour
pressure of pure water at 308K = 32mm Hg)
45. What is meant by positive deviations from Raoult’s law? Given an example? What is the sign 2015(D)
of Δ𝐦𝐢𝐱𝐇 for positive deviation?
46. Define azeotropes. What type of azeotrope is formed by positive deviation from 2015(D)
Raoult’s law? Give an example.
47. 3.9 g of benzoic acid dissolved in 49 g of benzene shows a depression in freezing point of 2015(D)
1.62 K. Calculate the van’t Hoff factor and predict the nature of solute (associated or
dissociated). (Given: Molar mass of benzoic acid = 𝟏𝟐𝟐𝐠𝐦−𝟏, 𝐊𝐟 for benzene = 4.9 K Kg
𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏)
48. A solution containing 15 g urea (molar mass = 60 g 𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏) per litre of solution in water has 2014(OD)
the same osmotic pressure (isotonic) as a solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g 𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏) in
water. Calculate the mass of glucose present in one litre of its solution.
49. What type of deviation is shown by a mixture of ethanol and acetone? Give reason. 2014(OD)
50. A solution of glucose (molar mass = 180 g 𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏) in water is labeled as 10% (by mass). 2014(OD)
What would be the molality and molarity of the solution?(Density of solution =1.2𝒎𝑳−𝟏) 2013(OD)
51. What are isotonic solutions? 2014(D)
52. Calculate the mass of compound (molar mass =256 g 𝒎𝒐𝒍−1) to be dissolved in 75 g of 2014(D)
benzene to lower its freezing point by 𝟎. 𝟒𝟖𝑲 (𝑲𝒇 = 𝟓.𝟏𝟐𝑲𝒈𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏)
53. Define an ideal solution and write one of its characteristics. 2014(D)
54. State Raoult’s law for a solution containing volatile components. How does Raoult’s law 2013(OD)
become a special case of Henry’s law?
55. 1.00 g of a non-electrolyte solute dissolved in 50 g of benzene lowered the freezing point of 2013(OD)
benzene by 0.40 K. Find the molar mass of the solute. (𝑲𝒇 for benzene =5.12 kg 𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏).
56. 18 g of glucose, 𝐂𝟔𝐇𝟏𝟐𝐎𝟔 (𝐌𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫𝐌𝐚𝐬𝐬 = 𝟏𝟖𝟎𝐠𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏) is dissolved in 1 kg of water in a 2013(D)
sauce pan. At what temperature will this solution boil?
57. Determine the osmotic pressure of a solution prepared by dissolving 𝟐.𝟓×𝟏𝟎−𝟐𝐠 of 𝑲𝟐𝑺𝑶𝟒 in 2013(D)
2L of water at 𝟐𝟓𝐨𝐂, assuming that it is completely dissociated.(𝐑 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟐𝟏 𝐋
𝐚𝐭𝐦𝐊−𝟏𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏, 𝐌𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐦𝐚𝐬𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐊𝟐𝐒𝐎𝟒 = 𝟏𝟕𝟒𝐠𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏).

58. 15.0 g of an unknown molecular material is dissolved in 450 g of water. The resulting 2012(OD)
4
 QUESTION BANK
SOLUTIONS
CLASS-12 (CBSE)

solution freezes at – 𝟎.𝟑𝟒°𝑪. What is the molar mass of the material? (𝐊𝐟 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫 = 𝟏.𝟖𝟔
𝐊𝐤𝐠𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏)
59. Explain the following: 2012(OD)
(i) Henry's law about dissolution of a gas in a liquid
(ii) Boiling point elevation constant for a solvent
60. A solution of glycerol (𝐂𝟑𝐇𝟖𝐎𝟑) in water was prepared by dissolving some glycerol in500 g 2012(OD)
of water. This solution has a boiling point of 𝟏𝟎𝟎.𝟒𝟐°𝐂. What mass of glycerol was
dissolved to make this solution? (Kb for water = 0.512 K kg 𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏)
61. A 1.00 molal aqueous solution of trichloroactic acid (𝑪𝑪𝒍𝟑𝑪𝑶𝑶𝑯) is its boiling point. The 2012(D)
solution has the boiling point of 𝟏𝟎𝟎.𝟏𝟖°𝑪. Determine the Van’t Hoff factor for trichloro-
acetic acid. (𝑲𝒃𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟏𝟐 𝑲𝑲𝒈𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏)
62. Calculate the amount of KCl which must be added to 1 kg of water so that the freezing point 2012(D)
is depressed by 2K. (𝑲𝒇 𝒇𝒐𝒓 𝒘𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒓 = 𝟏.𝟖𝟔 𝑲𝑲𝒈𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏)
63. Calculate the mole fraction of benzene in solution containing 30% by mass in carbon 2011(OD)
tetrachloride.
64. A solution prepared by dissolving 8.95 mg of a gene fragment in 35.0 mL of water has an 2011(OD)
osmotic pressure of 0.335 torr. Assuming that the gene fragment is a non-electrolyte,
calculate its molar mass.
65. Differentiate between molarity and molality for a solution. How does a change in temperature 2011(D)
influence their values? 2009(D)
66. Calculate the freezing point of an aqueous solution containing 10.50 g of 𝐌𝐠𝐁𝐫𝟐 in 200 g of 2011(D)
water. (Molar mass of 𝐌𝐠𝐁𝐫𝟐 = 𝟏𝟖𝟒𝐠 mol-1) (𝐊𝐟 for water = 1.86 K kg 𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏)
67. Define the terms osmosis and osmotic pressure. Is the osmotic pressure of a solution a 2011(D)
colligative property? Explain.
68. Calculate the boiling point of a solution prepared by adding 15.00 g of NaCl to 250.0g of 2011(D)
water. (𝐊𝐛 𝐟𝐨𝐫𝐰𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐫 = 𝟎.𝟓𝟏𝟐 𝐊𝐤𝐠𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏, 𝐌𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐦𝐚𝐬𝐬 𝐨𝐟 𝐍𝐚𝐂𝐥 = 𝟓𝟖.𝟒𝟒𝐠)
69. Define the terms, ‘osmosis’ and ‘osmotic pressure’. What is the advantage of using osmotic 2010(OD)
pressure as compared to other colligative properties for the determination of molar masses of
solutes in solutions?
70. What mass of NaCl (𝐦𝐨𝐥𝐚𝐫 𝐦𝐚𝐬𝐬 = 𝟓𝟖.𝟓𝐠𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏) be dissolved in 65 g of water to lower the 2010(OD)
freezing point by 𝟕.𝟓℃? The freezing point depression constant, 𝐊𝐟, for water is 𝟏.𝟖𝟔
𝐊𝐤𝐠𝐦𝐨𝐥−𝟏. Assume van’t Hoff factor for NaCl is 1.87.
71. Non-ideal solutions exhibit either positive or negative deviations from Raoult’s law. What are 2010(D)
these deviations and why are they caused? Explain with one example for each type.
72. A solution prepared by dissolving 1.25 g of oil of winter green (methyl salicylate) in 99.0g of 2010(D)
benzene has a boiling point of 80.31 °C. Determine the molar mass of this compound. (B.P.
of pure benzene = 80.10 °C and 𝑲𝒃 for benzene = 2.53 °C kg m𝒐𝒍–𝟏)
73. 100 mg of a protein is dissolved in enough water to make 10.0 mL of a solution. If this 2009(OD)
solution has an osmotic pressure of 13.3 mm Hg at 𝟐𝟓°𝑪, what is the molar mass of protein? 2009(D)
(𝑹 = 𝟎.𝟎𝟖𝟐𝟏 𝑳𝒂𝒕𝒎𝒎𝒐𝒍−𝟏𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝟕𝟔𝟎 𝒎𝒎𝑯𝒈 = 𝟏𝒂𝒕𝒎).
74. What is meant by Colligative properties? 2009(OD)
75. What concentration of nitrogen should be present in a glass of water at room temperature? 2009(OD)
Assume a temperature of 𝟐𝟓°C, total pressure of 1 atmosphere and mole fraction of nitrogen
in air of 0.78 [𝑲𝑯] for nitrogen = 𝟖.𝟒𝟐 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟕𝒎𝒎𝐇𝐠