NCERT Solutions for Class 7

Maths
Chapter 6 – The Triangle and its Properties

Exercise 6.1

1. In PQR , D is the mid-point of QR .

PM is __________
PD is __________
Is QM  MR ?

Ans: Given: QD  DR
As we know, Median divides the line segment in two equal parts. So, PD is median.
And PM makes 90 at line segment on QR

So, PM is altitude.
It states QM  MR as D is the mid-point of QR .

2. Draw rough sketches for the following:

(a) In ABC , BE is a median.
Ans:

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Here, BE is a median in ABC
As we know, Median divides the line segment in two equal parts.
Then, BE is a median and AE  EC

(b) In PQR , PQ and PR are altitudes of the triangle.

Ans: Here, PQ and PR intersect at 90 So PQ and PR are the altitudes of the
PQR and RP  QP .

(c) In XYZ , YL is an altitude in the exterior of the triangle.

Ans: To draw altitude in the exterior of XYZ ,
First, we extend the line segment to point L , such as YL  XL .

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3. Verify by drawing a diagram if the median and altitude of an isosceles
triangle can be same.
Ans: An isosceles triangle is a triangle which have two sides of equal lengths.
So, let us consider the ABC which is an isosceles triangle having AB  AC .

Now, let us draw a line from the vertex B which is perpendicular to the side AC of
the triangle.
This line behaves as a median and altitude of the given triangle because point L is
the middle point between the line segment AC .

Exercise 6.2

1. Find the value of the unknown exterior angle x in the following diagrams:
(i)

Ans: In fig (i) we know,

Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  50  70
 x  120 .

(ii)

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Ans: As we know in fig (ii),
Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  65  45
 x  110 .

(iii)

Ans: As we know in fig (iii),

Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  30  40  x  70 .

(iv)

Ans: As we know in fig (iv),

Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  60  60  x  120 .

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(v)

Ans: As we know in fig (v),

Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  50  50  x  100 .

(vi)

Ans: As we know,
Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  30  60  x  90 .

2. Find the value of the unknown interior angle x in the following figures:
(i)

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Ans: As we know in fig (i),
Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  50  115  x  115  50
 x  65 .

(ii)

Ans: As we know in fig (ii),

Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  70  100  x  100  70
 x  30 .

(iii)

Ans: As we know in fig (iii),

Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  90  125  x  125  90
 x  35 .

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(iv)

Ans: As we know in fig (iv),

Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  60  120  x  120  60
 x  60 .

(v)

Ans: As we know in fig (v),

Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  30  80  x  80  30
 x  50 .

(vi)

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Ans: As we know in fig (vi),
Exterior angle of a side in a triangle is sum of interior opposite angles, so
x  35  75  x  75  35
 x  40 .

Exercise 6.3

1. Find the value of the unknown x in the following diagrams:

(i)

Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In ABC ,
A  B  C  180
 x  50  60  180
 x  180  110
 x  70 .

(ii)

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Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In PQR ,
P  Q  R  180
 x  90  30  180
 x  180  120
 x  60 .

(iii)

Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In ABC ,
X  Y  Z  180
 x  110  30  180
 x  180  140
 x  40 .

(iv)

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Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In given triangle,
x  x  50  180
 2x  180  50
130
x
2
 x  65 .

(v)

Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In given triangle,
x  x  x  180
 3x  180
180
x
3
 x  60 .

(vi)

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Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In given triangle,
x  90  2x  180
 3x  180  90
90
x
3
 x  30 .

2. Find the value of the unknowns x and y in the following figures:

(i)

Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In given triangle,
y  120  180
 y  180  120
 y  60 and 60  x  50  180
 110  x  180
 x  70
Value of x, y is 70,60 .

(ii)

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Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In given triangle,
y  80 [as vertically Opposite angles are equal]
and 50  x  y  180
 50  80  x  180
 y  180  130
 x  50
Value of x, y is 50,80 .

(iii)

Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In given triangle,
y  60  50  180
 y  180  110
 y  70 and
x  y  180
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 x  180  70
 x  110
Value of x, y is 110,70

(iv)

Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In given triangle,
x  60 [as vertically Opposite angles are equal]
and 30  60  y  180
 y  180  90
 y  90
Value of x, y is 60,90 .

(v)

Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
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property of triangle.
In given triangle,
y  90 [as vertically Opposite angles are equal]
and x  x  90  180
 2x  90
90
x
2
 x  45
Value of x, y is 45,90 .

(vi)

Ans: In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle.
In given triangle,
y  x [as vertically Opposite angles are equal]
and x  x  x  180
 3x  180
180
x
3
 x  60
Value of x, y is 60,60 .

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Exercise 6.4

1. Is it possible to have a triangle with the following sides?

(i) 2 cm , 3 cm , 5 cm
Ans: As we know,
In a triangle, sum of the length of any two sides should be greater than length of
third side. i.e., 2  3  5 is not possible
5  3  2 is possible
2  5  3 is possible
Hence, the tringle is not possible.

(ii) 3 cm , 6 cm , 7 cm
Ans: As we know,
In a triangle, sum of the length of any two sides should be greater than length of
third side. 6  3  7 is possible
7  3  6 is possible
6  7  3 is possible
Hence, the tringle is possible.

(iii) 6 cm , 3 cm , 2 cm
Ans: As we know,
In a triangle, sum of the length of any two sides should be greater than length of
third side. 6  3  2 is possible
6  2  3 is possible
2  3  6 is not possible
Hence, the tringle is not possible.

2. Take any point O in the interior of a triangle PQR .

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(i) Is OP  OQ  PQ ?
Ans: YES
As we know, in a triangle, sum of the length of any two sides should be greater than
length of third side.
So, In POQ ,
 OP  OQ  PQ .

(ii) Is OQ  OR  QR ?
Ans: Yes
As we know, in a triangle, sum of the length of any two sides should be greater than
length of third side.
So, In ROQ ,
 OR  OQ  QR .

(iii) Is OR  OP  RP ?
Ans: Yes
As we know, in a triangle, sum of the length of any two sides should be greater than
length of third side.
So, In POR ,
 OP  OR  PR

3. AM is a median of a triangle ABC . Is AB  BC  CA  2AM ? (Consider the

sides of triangles ABM and AMC ).

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Ans: As we know that,
The sum of any two sides in a triangle should be greater than the length of third side.
So, In ABM ,
AB  BM  AM ......(1)
In AMC ,
AC  MC  AM ......(2)
Adding both equations, we get –
AB  AC  BM  MC  AM  AM
 AB  AC  BC  2AM
So, the statement AB  AC  BC  2AM is TRUE.

4. ABCD is a quadrilateral. Is AB  BC  CD  DA  AC  BD ?

Ans: As we know,
In a triangle, sum of the length of any two sides should be greater than length of
third side. So, In ABC , AB  BC  AC ......(1)

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In ADC , AD  DC  AC ......(2)
In DCB , DC  CB  BD ......(3)
In ADB , AB  AD  BD ......(4)
Adding all four equations, we get
AB  BC  AD  DC  DC  CB  AD  AB  AC  AC  BD  BD
 2AB  2BC  2AD  2DC  2AC  2BD
 AB  BC  AD  DC  AC  BD
Hence the given statement AB  BC  AD  DC  AC  BD is TRUE.

5. ABCD is a quadrilateral. Is AB  BC  CD  DA  2  AC  BD  ?
Ans: As we know,
In a triangle, sum of the length of any two sides should be greater than length of
third side.
So, In AOB , AB  AO  OB ......(1)
In BOC , BC  OB  OC ......(2)
In COD , CD  OC  OD ......(3)
In AOD , AD  OD  OA ......(4)
Adding all four equations, we get –
AB  BC  AD  DC  OA  OB  OB  OC  OC  OD  OD  OA
 AB  BC  AD  DC  2  OA  OC   2  OB  OD 

 AB  BC  AD  DC  2  AC  BD 

Hence the given statement AB  BC  AD  DC  2  AC  BD  is TRUE.

6. The lengths of two sides of a triangle are 12 cm and 15 cm . Between what

two measures should the length of the third shell fall?

Ans: As we know,

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In a triangle, sum of the length of any two sides should be greater than length of
third side.
Given: Two sides of triangle 12 cm and 15 cm.
Let third sides be A cm
According to the property,
12  15  A
27  A ......(1) and 12  A  15
A  3 ......(2)
From both equations, we have
3  A  27
Length of third should be greater than 3 cm and less than 27 cm.

Exercise 6.5

1. PQR is a triangle, right angled at P . If PQ  10 cm and PR  24 cm, find

QR .
Ans:

Given: PQ  10 cm and PR  24 cm
Let QR  x
According to the Pythagoras theorem

 Hypotenuse 2   Base 2   Perpendicular 2

In PQR ,
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 QR 2   PQ 2   PR 2
 x 2  10    24 
2 2

 x 2  100  576
 x 2  676
 x  676
 x  26 cm
The length of QR is 26 cm.

2. ABC is a triangle, right angled at C . If AB  25 cm and AC  7 cm, find

BC .
Ans:

Given: AB  25 cm and AC  7 cm
Let BC  x

According to the Pythagoras theorem  Hypotenuse    Base    Perpendicular 

2 2 2

In ABC ,

 AB 2   BC 2   AC 2
 252   7   x 2
2

 625  49  x 2
 x 2  625  49
 x 2  576
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 x  576
 x  24 cm
The length of BC is 24 cm.

3. A 15 m long ladder reached a window 12 m high from the ground on placing

it against a wall at a distance a . Find the distance of the foot of the ladder
from the wall.

Ans:
Given: Hypotenuse  15 cm and Perpendicular  7 cm
Let Base  x

According to the Pythagoras theorem  Hypotenuse    Base    Perpendicular 

2 2 2

 152  12   x 2
2

 225  144  x 2
 x 2  225  144
 x 2  81
 x  9 cm
The distance of the foot from ladder is 9 cm.

4. Which of the following can be the sides of a right triangle? In the case of
right-angled triangles, identify the right angles.
(i) 2.5 cm, 6.5 cm, 6 cm

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Ans:

According to the Pythagoras theorem  Hypotenuse    Base    Perpendicular 

2 2 2

  6.5   2.5   6 
2 2 2

 42.25  6.25  36
LHS = RHS
Hence, the sides are of the right-angled triangle.
Hypotenuse’s length is 6.5 cm

(ii) 2 cm, 2 cm, 5 cm

Ans: According to the Pythagoras theorem
 Hypotenuse 2   Base 2   Perpendicular 2   52   2 2   2 2
 25  8
LHS  RHS
The sides are not of the right-angled triangle.

(iii) 1.5 cm, 2 cm, 2.5 cm

Ans:

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According to the Pythagoras theorem  Hypotenuse    Base    Perpendicular 
2 2 2

  2.5   1.5    2 
2 2 2

 6.25  2.25  4
 6.25  6.25
LHS = RHS
Hence, the sides are of the right-angled triangle.
Hypotenuse’s length is 2.5 cm

5. A tree is broken at a height of 5 m from the ground and its top touches the
ground at a distance of 12 m from the base of the tree. Find the original
height of the tree.
Ans:

Given: AB  12 m and BC  5 m
Let AC  x

According to the Pythagoras theorem  Hypotenuse    Base    Perpendicular 

2 2 2

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In ABC ,  AC    AB    BC 
2 2 2

 x 2  12    5 
2 2

 x 2  144  25
 x 2  169
 x  169
 x  13 m
The length of AC is 13 m.
Now, we will calculate the total length of the tree –
As, A'B  AC  BC .
 A'B  13  5
 A'B  18 m

6. Angles Q and R of a PQR are 25 and 65 . Write which of the following
is true:
(i) PQ2  QR 2  RP 2

(ii) PQ2  RP 2  QR 2

(iii) RP 2  QR 2  PQ2

Ans: Given: Q  25 and R  65

As we know,
In a triangle, all interior angles are 180 , this property is known as angle sum
property of triangle. And
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In PQR ,
P  Q  R  180
 P  90  180
 P  90
Side opposite to P is QR ,

According to Pythagoras theorem,  QR    PR    QP 

2 2 2

Hence, the correct option is Option (2).

7. Find the perimeter of the rectangle whose length is 40 cm and diagonal is 41

cm.
Ans:

Given: AC  40 cm and AD  41 cm
Let DC  x

According to the Pythagoras theorem  Hypotenuse    Base    Perpendicular 

2 2 2

In ACD ,

 AD 2   AC 2   DC 2
 412  402  x 2
 1681  1600  x 2
 x 2  81
 x  81
 x  9 cm
The breadth of rectangle is 9 cm

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Perimeter of rectangle is 2  l  b 

 2  40  9 

 2  49 

 98 cm
The perimeter of rectangle is 98 cm.

8. The diagonals of a rhombus measures 16 cm and 30 cm. find its perimeter.

Ans:

Given: Diagonals AC  30 cm and DB  16 cm

We know that, intersection angle of diagonals of rhombus is 90
DB
So, OD   8 cm and
2
AC
OC   15 cm
2
According to the Pythagoras theorem  Hypotenuse    Base    Perpendicular 
2 2 2

In OCD ,

 CD 2   OC 2   OD 2
  CD    8   15 
2 2 2

  CD   64  225
2

  CD   289
2

 CD  289

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 CD  17 cm
Perimeter of rhombus is 4  side ,
 4 17
 68 cm
Perimeter of Rhombus is 68 cm.

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