Unity [x Verb + -ing (enjoy doing / stop doing etc.) We say: © Lenjoy reading. (not enjoy to read) © Would you mind closing the door? (not mind to close) Chris suggested going to the cinema (hot suggested to go) (woud you mind losing tne door? After enjoy, mind and suggest, we use-ing (notto ..) = ‘Some more verbs that are followed by-ing: stop recommend admit avoid -—imagine finish consider deny risk fancy ©. Suddenly everybody stopped talking. There was silence. © Ildo the shopping when Ive finished cleaning the fat. © He tried to avoid answering my question. © Idon'tfaney going out this evening, (=I'mnot enthusiastic about it) ©. Have you ever considered going to live in another country? © They said they were innocent. They denied doing anything wrong The negative form isnot -ing ©” When 'm on holiday, lenjoy not having to get up early. ean We also use-ing after: give up (stop) putt off (delay until later) go on orcarry on (= continue) keep orkeep on (- do something continuously or repeatedly) ~) Ivegiven up buying newspapers. Idon't read them any more © You shouldn't put off telling him whathappened. Youneed to tell him now. © Katherine doesn’t want to rete. She wants to go on working. or ....to carry on working © You keep interrupting when|'m talking or Youkeep on interrupting With some verbs you can use the structure verb + somebody +-ing: ea © You can't stop people doing wnat they want © Ican'timagine George riding a motorbike. © Did she really say that? | don’t remember her saying thet. © Sorry to keep you waiting so long, When you talk about finished actions, you can say having done/stolen/said ctc. © Theyadmitted having stolen the money. Butitis not necessary to use having (done). You can say: © They admitted stealing the money. © Inow regret saying that. or Inow regret having said thet. Other structures are possible with admit, deny, suggest and recommend. For example, you can say © They denied (that) they had done anything wrong. (= They denied doing... Chris suggested (chat) we go to the cinema. (= Chris suggested going...) © Irecommend (that) you travel by train. (=Irecommend travelling...) 1g done (2assve) > Unit 448 tou ing-> Units 5SC, 56-58 remember / regret / go on Ur go on /carry on / keep on -> Unit 141A 568 106Exercises E=ET) complete the sentences for each situation. Use ing. ‘ (Whatshattwe do? gp We could goto the zoe ) She suggested going to (Geyouwanttopay tenis? 8. {No ntrealy) Nectar foncy - (Letsgoforawalk GB Good idea! ) ‘She suggested © Coucasedtheacident Lf PL We iden) He denied. | Gamma BI Goerepmien) vss . fou didn't tell the trut That's ri vt She admitted CoosareTberab EMBL CThateveht idan) [F221 complete the sentences. Choose from these verbs (in the correct form): answer apply —_forget interrupt listen, live ) lose make pay read travel try 1 He tried to avoid ..answering .. my question, 2 Im trying to concentrate. Please stop. so much noise! 5 enjoy to music 4 ‘considered for the job, but in the end I decided against it. 5 Have you finished the newspaper yet? © We need to change ourroutine, We can't goon Like this 7 Wsbetter to avoid during the rush hour. 8 My memoryis getting worse. 1 keep things. 9 Ive puto. this bill so many times. | really must do it today. 10 Ive given up to learn Japanese. Iwas making no progress 14 Ifyou gamble, you risk your money, 12. Would you mind not. me al the time? Let me speak! [FEB pat the words in the right order. 1 Did she realy say that? | (that / remember / her / saying / don't) 1 don't remember her saying that 2 I¢SOK if you want to drive my car. I (eriving / don't /it/you/ mind) 1 3 What a stupid thing to do! Can imagine / so stupid / being / you / anybody)? can 4 We can't control the weather. We (raining / stop /it/ can't) We 5 Ill’be as quick as can. | (waiting /w \ int / keep / you / don't to}. [FEB use your own ideas to complete these sentences. Use ing. 1 She's a very interesting person, | always enjoy ..talking. to, her. 2 Imnot feeling very well. I don't fancy 3. I'm afraid there aren't any chairs. Ihope you don't mind 4 twas a beautiful day, so I suggested 5 The movie was very funny. Icoulde’t stop. © Mycaris unreliable, Itkeeps 107Unity 54 Ca 11 1 108 Verb+to. (decide to ... / forget to ... etc.) After these verbs you can use to . .. (infinitive): agree arrange fail afford refuse hope promise _learn decide forget threaten tend ©. ttwasa long way to walk, sowe decided to take a taxi home, © Simon was ina difficult situation, so lagreed to help him ©. Iwaved to Karen, butfailed to attract her attention © like Dan, but think he tends to talk too much. Dan tends to talk too much © How old were you when you learnt to drive? or learnt how to drive? Thenegative isnot to ©” We decided not to go out because of the weather. © [promised not to be late. After some verbs, we use -ing (notto ..). For example, enjoy/think/suggest: © Lenjoy reading. (notenjoy to read) © Andy suggested meeting for coffee. (not suggested to meet) © Areyou thinking of buying a car? (not thinkingto buy), For verb + «ing, see Units 53 and 62. After dare you can use the infinitive with or without to: © Idicnitdare to tell him, or Ididn't dare tell him But after dare not (ordaren’t), we do not use to: ©) Idaren’t tell him what happened, (not! daren’t to tell him) We also use to ..afterseem, appear, pretend and claim. For example © Theyseem to have plenty of money Ann pretended not to see me when she passed ie in the street ‘You can also use to be -ing (continuous infinitive) and to have (done) (perfectinfintive} [pretended to be reading the newspaper. (-I pretended that Iwas reading) © Haveyou seen my keys? Iseem to have lost them. (=itseems that |have lost them) © She claimed not to have seen ime. (=sheclaimedithat shehadn’t seen me) After these verbs you can use a question word (what/how etc) +to ask know decide remember forget learn explain understand wonder For example: Weasked how — toget —_tothestation Haveyoudecided where togo on holiday? Idor’tknow whether to apply _forthejobor not Doyouunderstand what todo? also show/tell/ask/advise/teach somebody what/how/where to do something: © Can somebody show me how to use this camera? © Ask Jack. He'lltell you what to do. ing > Unit 53Exercises ETE) complete the sentences for these situations. ‘ ” " They decided ...t0. get. (Ghatwe getmarried™ \_ fF Gees) hey decid Gessehepme FW _Lor) She agreed can earyyourbagforyou? \ MY (P_(Wo,thanks. leanmanage.) He offerec (lrvmeerareaceak \ Y_LoK.ine.) They arranges “nag FL BLimreiwrewieiyon) —_shereises [FEE] complete the sentences. Use a suitable verb. 1 Don't forget...¥2.l0ck... the door when you go out. 2. There was a lot of trafic, but we managed to the airport in time. 3 We couldn't afford in London. It’s too expensive. 4 [can’t play a musical instrument, but I like to learn the guitar. 5 I don’t want Mark to know what happened. Idecided not him © We were all afraid to speak. Nobody dared anything. (FEB) pat the verb into the correct form, to ... or ing. (See Unit $3 for verbs + ine.) 1 When I'm tired, enjoy...vatehing TV. Its relaxing, (watch) 2 Iwedecided for anotherjob. Ineed a change. (look) 3 fmnot going anywhere! | refuse {move} 4 Timnot in alhurry. Idon't ming (wait) 5 Tina ran ina marathon last week, but she fled finish) © Iwish that dog would stop Its Griving me crazy. (bark) 7 They didn't know Iwas listening to them. Ipretenced asleep. (be) 8 We were hungry, so I suggested dinner early. (have) © Hurry up! Idon’twant to risk thetrain. (miss) 10 Davidis very quiet. He tends not much, (say) [FEBS make a new sentence using the verb in brackets. 1 Wve lost my keys (Seem) _.| seem, to have. lost. my. keys. 2 Temmisworried sbout something. (appear) Tom appears 3. You know lot of people (seem) You 4 My English getting better. (seem) 5 That car has broken down, (appear) © Rachel is enjoying her job (seem) “7 They have solved the problem (claim) (FEE) complete each sentence using what/how/where/whether + these verbs do get go. put ride use 1 Doyou know...hel. to. get. to the airport from here? 2 Would you know if there was a fre in the building? 3 You'll never forget. a bike once you've learnt. 4 I've been invited to the party, but | haven't decided or not 5 My room isvery untidy. I've got so many things and I don't know. them, © Ihave some clothes to wash. Can you show me the washing machine? * Additional exercises 26-28 (pages 217-19) 109Unity iam Verb (+ object) + to... (I want you to ...) ea = verb + to verb + >to want want expect | to go expect togo ask | tobe ad ask | somebody | tobe help towork |"! help | something | to work would like | etc would like ete would prefer would prefer © We expected to be late ©. We expected Dan to be late © Would youttike to go now? © Would you like me to go now? © He doesn't want to know. © He doesn't want anybody to know. We do not usually say ‘want thet’ Do you want me to come with you? (not want that | come) You can use help with orwithoutto, You can say: Canyou hela mete move this table? or Can youhelp me move this table? an These verbs have the structure verb + object | to verb + object + to tell advise Itsnotanice hotel, lwouldr'tadvise you to stay remind there wam ©. Can you remind me to call Sam tomorrow? invite todo © Joe said the switch was dangerous anc warned me encourage ody | %0 DC not to touch it. persuade | 5°04 | to work O) did't move the piano by myself. | got somebody eet ete tohelp me. force © Who taught you to drive? teach © They don'tallew people to park in font of the allow building enable In these examples, the verb is passive (I was warned / we are allowed etc) © was warned not to touch the switch © Are we allowed to park here? \Wedo not use suggest with to © Jane suggested that | ask you for advice. (not Jane suggested me to ask) \We say make somebody do something, ‘let somebody do something’ (without to} © made him promise that he wouldn't tell anybody what happened {not made him to promise) © Hotweathermakes me feel tired. (= causes me to feel tired) © Her parents wouldr’tlet her go out alone. (= wouldn't allow herto go out) © Let me carry your bag for you: We say ‘make somebody do’ but in the passive we say ‘{be) made to do’ (with to} heymade us wait...) ©) We were made to wait fortwo hours, (= ‘suggest > Units 34 53 110Exercises TET) complete the questions. Use do you want me to... ? or would you li verbs (and any other necessary words): “come lend repeat show shut wait Do you want to go alone, or..42 you want me to come. with you. Do you have enough money, or do you want Shall lleave the window open, or would you Do you know how to use the printer, or would 1 2 3 4 5 Didyou hear what |said, or do. 6 ce 1 Can | go now, or do. [E22] complete the sentences for these situations. (Hestmeat te satin, Z Low) Shetolg.en te mec —eeern rer at the, station (orsrueer 58 R {That would benice.) They invited him and stay with us? Cotearioation oto) revise eects BB oonrwory twin) Stewarned & © (Can you giveme a hand? Sure.) He asked [F25) complete the second sentence so that the meaning is similar to the first sentence. 1 My father said | could use his car. My father allowed ..met0.use. hile car. - 2 Iwas surprised that it rained Ididr’t expect 3. Don't stop him doing what he wents. Let 4 Tom looks older when he wears glasses. _lom’s glasses make 5 6 I think you should know the truth. Iwant At first didn’t want to apply for the Sarah persuaded job, but Sarah persuaded me. 7 My lawyer said I shoulda’t say My lawyer advised anything to the police, 8 Iwas told that | shouldn't believe Iwas warned everything he says. If you've got a car, you are able to get Having a car enables ‘around more easily (FD whieh is right? 1 You aren't allowed take_/to take pictures here, (to take is correct) I'm in a difficult position. What do you advise me do / to do? ‘The film was very sad. It made me cry /to cry Lisa's parents always encouraged her study / to study hard at school Please don't interrupt me. Let me finish /to finish You can’t make people do / to do things they don’t want to do. You can’t force people do / to do things they don't want to do Sarah won't let me drive /to drive her car. She doesn’t trust me. Why did you change your decision? What made you change / to change your mind? 10 Ifyou enter a country with a tourist visa, you are not allowed work / to work there. son > Additional exercises 26-28 (pages 2