Motor Learning and Control, 9th Edition Test Bank – Richard A.

Magill

Motor Learning and Control, 9th Edition Test Bank –

Richard A. Magill

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 Test Bank
to accompany the 9th edition of
Motor Learning and Control: Concepts and Applications
by Richard A. Magill

CHAPTER 9

Attention as a Limited Capacity Resource

Multiple Choice

1. The Kahneman model of attention is an example of which type of limited-capacity

theory?
A. Fixed-capacity theory
B. Flexible-capacity theory
C. Multiple-resource theory
D. Dual-task theory

Answer: B

2. In Kahneman’s model of attention, the instruction to “Watch the ball all the way
from the pitcher’s hand until it meets the bat” is an example of which allocation
policy factor?
A. Effects of arousal
B. Evaluation of demands
C. Enduring dispositions
D. Momentary intentions

Answer: D

3. A theory of attention capacity that argues against a central capacity limit is the
A. fixed-capacity theory.
B. flexible-capacity theory.
C. multiple-resource theory.
D. dual-task theory.

Answer: C

4. The research procedure most commonly used to investigate attention-limit issues

for motor skill learning and performance is known as the
A. dual-task procedure.
B. attentional focus procedure.
C. event occlusion procedure.
D. temporal occlusion procedure.
 Answer: A

5. The process involved when people direct attention to specific regulatory features in
the environment and/or to action preparation activities is known as attention
A. capacity.
B. switching.
C. demands.
D. focus.

Answer: D

6. The term used to describe performing a skill or component of a skill without

attention capacity being required is
A. attentional focus.
B. automaticity.
C. limited attention capacity.
D. primary task performance.

Answer: B

7. The process of directing visual attention to locate relevant environmental context

cues is known as visual
A. attention switching.
B. search.
C. information.
D. feedback.

Answer: B

8. Research has shown that the relationship between eye movement recordings and
visual attention is that eye movement recordings
A. are precise indicators of what a person is visually attending to.
B. overestimate what a person is visually attending to.
C. underestimate what a person is visually attending to.
D. cannot tell us anything about what a person is visually attending to.

Answer: C

9. The theory that indicates we select certain cues in the environment during visual
search is known as the
A. flexible attention capacity theory.
B. attentional spotlight theory.
C. feature integration theory.
D. multiple resources theory.
 Answer: C

10. While driving a car on a freeway, experienced drivers typically look

A. at the speedometer more than novices.
B. into the rear- and side-view mirrors more than novices.
C. in a smaller scanning range than novices.
D. in ways that are similar to novices.

Answer: B

11. The advantage of fast and accurate visual search while performing a motor skill is
that visual search enables the performer to
A. monitor his or her own limb movement.
B. ignore the timing of the initiation of the required action.
C. perform another task at the same time.
D. anticipate the action required.

Answer: D

12. Which of the following effects best describe the results of research concerning the
effectiveness of general visual training programs for athletes? These programs
A. help athletes improve their performance of skills.
B. provide little benefit in terms of performance improvement.
C. work best for novice athletes.
D. work best for highly skilled athletes.

Answer: B

Short Answer

13. The factor in Kahneman’s model of attention that influences the available capacity
is ________.
Answer: arousal

14. During the performance of a skill, if a person is distracted by someone saying his
or her name, it is an example of the attention capacity allocation policy factor that
Kahneman’s model called ________.
Answer: enduring dispositions

15. Limited-capacity theories that propose more than one central information-
processing mechanism, each with its own limited capacity, are called ________
theories.
Answer: multiple-resource

16. The ________ hypothesis that proposes better motor skill performance when a
person focuses attention on the effects of an action rather than on the movements.
 Answer: action effect

17. The term used to indicate that a person performs a skill without requiring attention
capacity is .
Answer: automaticity

18. Eye movement recordings allow researchers to record information only for
________ vision.
Answer: central [Also correct: foveal]

19. Feature integration theory proposes that we direct an attentional ________ over
wide or narrow areas of an environment that must be searched visually when
performing a skill.
Answer: spotlight

20. For most physical activities for which visual search is important, skilled performers
extract reliable information ________ in time than novices.
Answer: earlier

21. To walk through an environment cluttered with objects that need to be avoided, a
person needs to visually ________ on the objects he or she wants to avoid.
Answer: fixate

22. Research evidence shows that the visual system can search the environment and
automatically extract ________ features of the environment.
Answer: invariant

23. Highly skilled free throw shooters in basketball exhibit a final eye movement
fixation just prior to releasing the ball that is known as the eye.
Answer: quiet

True-False

24. The study of attention as it relates to the learning and performance of motor skills
involves issues related to the simultaneous performance of multiple activities and
the selection of relevant information in the performance environment.
Answer: True

25. Kahneman’s model of attention proposes that the mental resources needed to
perform activities must come from one central pool that can vary in its capacity.
Answer: True

26. The dual-task procedure is commonly used to evaluate a person’s attention focus.
Answer: False
Motor Learning and Control, 9th Edition Test Bank – Richard A. Magill

27. Attention focused on one’s own movements typically leads to better skill
performance than attention focused on the intended outcome of the skill.
Answer: False

28. The feature integration theory is a prominent theory to explain how we select
certain cues in the performance environment and ignore others.
Answer: True

29. According to research studies of putting in golf, skilled golfers typically are not
consciously aware of their eye movements during putting.
Answer: True

30. General vision training programs facilitate the use of effective visual search
strategies more successfully than activity-specific visual training programs.
Answer: False

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