FE 201: Fabric

Manufacturing-I
Introduction
• Historical Background
• Weaving Flow Chart

Md. Reasat Aktar Arin

Lecturer, Dept. of Fabric Engineering
Email: arin@fe.butex.edu.bd
• Reference Books

• Weaving: Conversion of yarn to fabric

• ----P.R. LORD & M.H. MOHAMED

• Principles of weaving
• ----Robinson

• Weaving Mechanism
• ----NN Banerjee

• Handbook of Weaving
---Sabit Adanur
Brief History
Since the dawn of history, human beings have clothed themselves with woven materials.

➢ Egyptians made woven fabrics

(The oldest clothing item recorded is the linen Tarkhan dress
from Egypt’s first Dynasty approximately 5,000 years ago)

Pleated linen of Egyptian Queen Neferu

➢ Silk which is called “The Queen of Textiles.”

The Chinese closely guarded the secrets of their silk

production for millennia, the oldest piece of silk cloth
found in China dating to approximately 3630 BCE. Silk
became economically important in China over 4000 years
ago under Emperor Huang Ti and it is said that his
Empress invented the loom. After years of effort, craftspeople have made a replica of the
world’s lightest silk dress – discovered in a tomb and more
than 2,100 years old
Textile:
A term originally applied only to woven fabrics, but the term textile and the
plural textiles are now also applied to fibers, filaments and yarns, natural and
manufactured, and most products for which these are a principal raw material.

Textile Fabric:
A textile fabric is defined as an assembly of fibres, yarns or combinations of
these.

Fabric:
Fabric is a flexible planar substance constructed from solutions, fibers, yarns, or
fabrics in any combination.

Loom:
Loom is a machine which is used to produce woven fabric.
 Techniques of Fabric Manufacturing

Weaving: Intersection or interlacement

of two sets of straight yarns, warp (ends)
and weft (picks or filling), which cross
and inter weave at right angle to each
other.
Warp: Longitudinal yarn in the fabric is
called warp
Weft: Lateral/crosswise yarn in the fabric
is weft
Knitting: Interlooping or Intermeshing of one or one set of yarns.

Braiding: Intertwining/Diagonal interlacement of at least three group of yarns

Nonwoven: It is a sheet of fibers produced from web of fibers by

bonding, fusing or interlocking.
Manufacturing steps of Woven Fabric
 Process Flow of Weaving
Yarn (e.g. Cone or cheese package) From Spinning Mill

Yarn dyed production Solid dyed production

Direct/ High speed warping
Soft winding
Warp preparation

Yarn dyeing

Drying & finishing

Hard winding Weft preparation

Indirect/ Sectional warping

Shuttle loom Shuttleless/Modern
(Pirn winding) loom (Ready for
Sizing
e.g. Tappet, looming) e.g. Airjet,
Dobby, Rapier, projectile
Looming(Drawing, denting, & loom
pinning) Jacquard loom

Weaving
Woven fabrics
Send to Finishing section (check or Need dyeing only for solid dyed
Dispatch to apparel factory fabrics
solid dyed fabrics)
Md. Reasat Aktar Arin
Lecturer, Dept. of Fabric Engineering
Email: arin@fe.butex.edu.bd