LAB EXERCISE: OPERATING SYYSTEM AND HARDWARE AND

COMPONENTS

Q1: Explain the main purpose of an operating system?

ANS: The main function of an operating system is taking a language from user and
convert into mechanical language which computer can understand and work on it
and then convert mechanical language to user language which user can read and
also manage the computer resources such as (CPU), memory, disk drives, and
printers.
Q2: What are the advantages of a multiprocessor system?
ANS: In multiprocessor system we can use more than one processor present in the
system which can execute more than one process at the same time. Multiprocessor
system consume less electricity than single processor system and also, they
consume less time to execute more processes at one time.
Q3: What is kernel?
ANS: kernel is the core (heart) of operating system which is responsible for
performing low level tasks such as disk management, memory management, and
task management. It is responsible for interference between software and processes
of a computer.
Q4: Differentiate Input and Output Device?
ANS: Input device take input from user and accept it and it is directly commanded
by user and input device which take input from user to send the processor for
execution. It also helps the computer to accept the data which were given by user.
Example: (keyboard, microphone, image scanner). In the other hand where output
device return result to user for his/her intelligence, it is directly commanded by
processor and also it converts mechanical instruction to user language
(instructions). It takes the data from processor and send it back to user and display
the data. Example: (printer, monitor, etc.).
Q5: What Is a Storage Device? What Is the Common Classification?
ANS: A storage device is a device which hold the data and keep safe or maintain
for a long time period. Some examples of storage device are: (SSD (solid state
disk), hard drive, floppy disk, etc.). There are two common classification of storage
device:
1. RAM (is a primary storage device)
2. HARD DRIVE (is a secondary storage device)

Q6: What Do You Mean by A Processing Device? What Are the Various
Types of Processing Devices?
ANS: Processing device known as CPU (central processing unit) which is the
part of a computer system and referred to as the brains of computer. CPU also
known as microprocessor. CPU means (take input and gave output). CPU is
responsible for executing a sequence off stored instructions called a program.
There are various types of processing device such as (Central processing unit
(CPU), Graphics processing unit (GPU), Motherboard, Network card, Sound
card, Video card, etc.).

Q7: Differentiates Serial and Parallel Port?

ANS: serial port is used to achieve serial transmission where parallel port is
used to achieve parallel transmission. The speed of transmission in a parallel
port is higher in comparison to transmission speed of serial port. Serial port
contains less wires as comparison to parallel port. Serial port only delivers
single stream of data where parallel port delivers multiple streams of data.
Serial part involves male ports and parallel port involves female port. Serial
generally implemented in modems, camera, and where parallel port
implemented zip drives, printers.

Q8: What Is a Microprocessor?

ANS: Microprocessor is a device which take input in the form of binary
instruction which was stored in storage device called memory and processes
data according to those instructions and gave the result as output.

Q9: What are the components of a hardware and explain each of them?
ANS: Hardware is a collection of parts of a computer system that parts are:
1. MOTHERBOARD (motherboard connect very pat of computer to each
other through communication)
 2. CPU (is a brain of computer that direct plugs the connection to the
motherboard.)
3. GPU (GPU is used in computer to produce high level visuals in games)
4. RAM (it store memory in device but when computer restarts it erase all
the memory, it is known as volatile memory).
5. STORAGE (every computer need some storage where they store his data
modern computers store his data in SSD rather than HDD, SSD having
no parts of moving and are faster than HDD because no time is spent for
a mechanical arm to find data on a physical location on the disk.)
Q9: Which hardware component is most important?
ANS: Motherboard is the most important component of hardware because
mother board is the only who control CPU means communicate every part of
computer to each other.
Q10: What is RAM and ROM?
ANS: RAM is a volatile memory which could store the data as long as the
power is supplied. ROM is a non-volatile memory which could retain the data
even when power is turned off. Working type. Data stored in RAM can be
retrieved and altered. Data stored in ROM can only be read.