Design Thinking Part 3 - Print

02/10/2020
Design Thinking
Part 3 / 3
Dr. Vincent Ribière
Agenda
• Warm up activity
• Introduction to Design Thinking
• The Empathize step
• The Define step
• The Ideate step
• The Prototype step
• The Testing step
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PROTOTYPE: Transform your

ideas into a physical form so that
you can experience and interact
with them and, in the process,
learn and develop more empathy.
dschool.stanford.edu
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“Build to think and

test to learn.”
Prototype
The Prototype mode is the iterative

generation of artifacts intended to answer
questions that get you closer to your final
solution.
Prototype
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FHIL | Stages of Design Thinking | PROTOTYPE

https://youtu.be/FnJIJEUBLms
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In these early stages, you should create

low-resolution prototypes that are quick and cheap to
make (think minutes and cents) but can elicit useful
feedback from users and colleagues.
In later stages both your prototype and question may get

a little more refined.
Prototype
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WHY prototype
To ideate and problem-solve.
Build to think.
To communicate.
If a picture is worth a thousand words, a prototype is worth a
thousand pictures.
To start a conversation.
Your interactions with users are often richer when centered
around a conversation piece. A prototype is an opportunity to Prototype
have another, directed conversation with a user.
To fail quickly and cheaply.

Committing as few resources as possible to each idea means less
time and money invested up front.
To test possibilities.
Staying low-res allows you to pursue many different ideas without
committing to a direction too early on.
To manage the solution-building process.

Identifying a variable also encourages you to break
a large problem down into smaller, testable chunks.
Prototype
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HOW to prototype
Start building.
Even if you aren’t sure what you’re doing, the act of picking up some
materials (post-its, tape, and found objects are a good way to start!)
will be enough to get you going.
Don’t spend too long on one prototype.

Let go before you find yourself getting too emotionally attached to any
one prototype.
Prototype
HOW to prototype
ID a variable.
Identify what’s being tested with each prototype. A prototype should answer a
particular question when tested. That said, don’t be blind to the other
tangential understanding you can gain as someone responds to a prototype.
Build with the user in mind.

What do you hope to test with the user? What sorts of behavior do you
expect? Answering these questions will help focus your prototyping and help
you receive meaningful feedback in the testing phase.
Prototype
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You can simply use

a blank phone
template in PPT
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… and fill it up with

text and icons Administration
Content
Performance analysis
Grading
Feedback
Settings
User support
ss
… or used more advanced tools like

• https://balsamiq.com (watch VDO)
• https://www.mockplus.com
• https://marvelapp.com
• http://concept.ly
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low resolution prototype
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low resolution prototype
20
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A prototype transforms an
idea into something tangible
and “experiment-able”.
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“A prototype is worth
a thousand meetings”
There are three stages in this phase:
Inspiring — “What could it be?”

Evolving — “What should it be?”
Validating — “What will it be?”
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A prototype is an amazing tool

to help you fail fast to learn fast.
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Prototype:
The goal of this phase

is to understand components of your ideas work,
and which do not.
In this phase you begin to weigh the impact vs. feasibility

of your ideas through feedback on your prototypes
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WE ALSO OFTEN USE THE TERM “PRETOTYPING”
2525
PRETOTYPING
Why?
90% of all mobile apps don’t make any money
Four startups out of five lose money for the investors
80% of new restaurants close within one year
Pretotyping [pree-tow-tie-ping], verb: Testing the initial appeal and

actual usage of a potential new product by simulating its core experience
with the smallest possible investment of time and money
Alberto Savoia 2011 2626
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PRETOTYPING VS PROTOTYPING
Investment: Hours, Days Investment: Weeks, Months

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PRETOTYPING
Here’s a less formal definition:
Pretotyping is a way to test an idea quickly and inexpensively by creating

extremely simplified, mocked or virtual versions of that product to help validate the
premise that "If we build it, they will use it.“
Here’s a very informal definition:
Pretotyping: Fake it and test it before you make it!
Make sure – as quickly and as cheaply as you can – that you are building the right it
before you build it right.
Alberto Savoia 2011 2828
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Storyboarding
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Scenes: A New Method and Tool to Create

Storyboards
https://experience.sap.com/designservices/approach/scenes 30
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Steps to create a prototype

1. What type of prototype?
2. Plan your prototype
3. Fund your prototype
4. Get your prototype made
5. Present your prototype
Source: https://www.marketingdonut.co.uk
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What type of prototype?

• Be clear about why you need your prototype
(Assess your product’s form and appearance, Test function Check fit, Low volume production)
• Decide what you can afford to spend (Time & Money)
• Make basic models yourself to assess the appearance and functionality of your idea (i.e.
in wood, paper, …)
• CAD software creates three-dimensional models that can be viewed on a computer

screen.
• Think about getting help to create a detailed prototype (i.e., investor, designer, …)
• Only make a pre-production prototype at a late stage in the development process
Plan your prototype ?
• Check what safety or performance standards your product might

have to meet
• Make sure the intellectual property in your invention is fully protected
• Decide how many prototypes you are likely to need
• Consider how your prototype is likely to be assessed and tested by

others
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Fund your prototype ?

• You may be able to fund basic prototypes from existing funds or
borrowings
• Investigate possible grants and awards
• Consider equity investment or forming a commercial partnership
• Think about bringing outside specialists in as partners in return for a

cut of profits
• Check whether you can get possible tax breaks on research and
development (R&D)
Get your prototype made?

• If you lack design expertise, find a suitable designer to design your
product
• Look for someone with expertise in your field and ask to see
examples of previous work.
• Get an agreement as to how much of the intellectual property in the

developed prototype the designer will be entitled to.
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Present your prototype?
• Think carefully before approaching big market players
• Set out clear rules for anyone you leave your prototype with
• Think about creating a video of how your product works
• Use any feedback to improve your idea
.ORG
42
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Placeit.net (Mockups)
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https://mention.com/en/blog/visual-
marketing/
https://databox.com/design-tools-for-
marketing
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Agenda
• Warm up activity
• Introduction to Design Thinking
• The Empathize step
• The Define step
• The Ideate step
• The Prototype step
• The Testing step
45
TEST: Try out high-resolution products

and use observations and feedback to
refine prototypes, learn more about the
user, and refine your original point of
view.
dschool.stanford.edu
46
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FHIL | Stages of Design Thinking | TESTING

https://youtu.be/2me7pcteY5A
47
“Testing is an opportunity to learn

about your solution and your user.”
Testing
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The test mode is when you solicit

feedback
Prototype
Testing
Prototype
Prototype
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It is another opportunity to get empathy

for the people you design for
Empathise
Testing
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Why test?
To refine prototype
and solutions
Testing
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Why test?
To refine your (POV)

Point Of View
Testing
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How to test:
Show don't tell

Testing
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How to test?
Create experience
Testing
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How to test?
Ask user to compare

Bringing multiple prototypes to the field to test ...
Testing
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29

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02/10/2020

Dr. Vincent Ribière

PROTOTYPE: Transform your

“Build to think and

The Prototype mode is the iterative

FHIL | Stages of Design Thinking | PROTOTYPE

In these early stages, you should create

In later stages both your prototype and question may get

To fail quickly and cheaply.

To manage the solution-building process.

Don’t spend too long on one prototype.

Build with the user in mind.

You can simply use

… and fill it up with

… or used more advanced tools like

low resolution prototype

low resolution prototype

Inspiring — “What could it be?”

A prototype is an amazing tool

The goal of this phase

In this phase you begin to weigh the impact vs. feasibility

WE ALSO OFTEN USE THE TERM “PRETOTYPING”

Pretotyping [pree-tow-tie-ping], verb: Testing the initial appeal and

Alberto Savoia 2011 2626

Investment: Hours, Days Investment: Weeks, Months

Pretotyping is a way to test an idea quickly and inexpensively by creating

Here’s a very informal definition:

Pretotyping: Fake it and test it before you make it!

Scenes: A New Method and Tool to Create

Steps to create a prototype

2. Plan your prototype

3. Fund your prototype

4. Get your prototype made

5. Present your prototype

What type of prototype?

• Decide what you can afford to spend (Time & Money)

• CAD software creates three-dimensional models that can be viewed on a computer

• Only make a pre-production prototype at a late stage in the development process

Plan your prototype ?

• Check what safety or performance standards your product might

• Make sure the intellectual property in your invention is fully protected

• Decide how many prototypes you are likely to need

• Consider how your prototype is likely to be assessed and tested by

Fund your prototype ?

• Investigate possible grants and awards

• Consider equity investment or forming a commercial partnership

• Think about bringing outside specialists in as partners in return for a

Get your prototype made?

• Get an agreement as to how much of the intellectual property in the

Present your prototype?

• Think carefully before approaching big market players

• Think about creating a video of how your product works

• Use any feedback to improve your idea

TEST: Try out high-resolution products

FHIL | Stages of Design Thinking | TESTING

“Testing is an opportunity to learn

The test mode is when you solicit

It is another opportunity to get empathy