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    3B. Population Ecology-Population Growth and Life Histories

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    Irish Luna
    Population growth follows different patterns depending on available resources. Exponential growth occurs in unlimited environments but cannot continue indefinitely. Logistic growth occurs when resources are depleted, resulting in an S-shaped growth curve where the population size levels off at the carrying capacity. Population growth is influenced by both density-dependent factors, like competition, and density-independent factors such as weather. Life histories describe the stages an organism passes through during its lifetime. Organisms must allocate limited energy to functions like maintenance, growth, and reproduction. There is a tradeoff between producing many small offspring versus few large offspring. Survival and reproductive strategies also influence age of maturity. Life histories can be classified based on factors like reproductive output and survival.

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    3B. Population Ecology-Population Growth and Life Histories

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    Irish Luna
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    Population growth follows different patterns depending on available resources. Exponential growth occurs in unlimited environments but cannot continue indefinitely. Logistic growth occurs when resources are depleted, resulting in an S-shaped growth curve where the population size levels off at the carrying capacity. Population growth is influenced by both density-dependent factors, like competition, and density-independent factors such as weather. Life histories describe the stages an organism passes through during its lifetime. Organisms must allocate limited energy to functions like maintenance, growth, and reproduction. There is a tradeoff between producing many small offspring versus few large offspring. Survival and reproductive strategies also influence age of maturity. Life histories can be classified based on factors like reproductive output and survival.

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    Population growth follows different patterns depending on available resources. Exponential growth occurs in unlimited environments but cannot continue indefinitely. Logistic growth occurs when resources are depleted, resulting in an S-shaped growth curve where the population size levels off at the carrying capacity. Population growth is influenced by both density-dependent factors, like competition, and density-independent factors such as weather. Life histories describe the stages an organism passes through during its lifetime. Organisms must allocate limited energy to functions like maintenance, growth, and reproduction. There is a tradeoff between producing many small offspring versus few large offspring. Survival and reproductive strategies also influence age of maturity. Life histories can be classified based on factors like reproductive output and survival.

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    2 views2 pages

    3B. Population Ecology-Population Growth and Life Histories

    Uploaded by

    Irish Luna
    Population growth follows different patterns depending on available resources. Exponential growth occurs in unlimited environments but cannot continue indefinitely. Logistic growth occurs when resources are depleted, resulting in an S-shaped growth curve where the population size levels off at the carrying capacity. Population growth is influenced by both density-dependent factors, like competition, and density-independent factors such as weather. Life histories describe the stages an organism passes through during its lifetime. Organisms must allocate limited energy to functions like maintenance, growth, and reproduction. There is a tradeoff between producing many small offspring versus few large offspring. Survival and reproductive strategies also influence age of maturity. Life histories can be classified based on factors like reproductive output and survival.

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    Population Ecology: Population Growth and Life Histories

    1st Semester - Module 3b

    N=K; r is 0; population growth stops


    I. POPULATION GROWTH 
     Increase in the number of individuals in a population
    C. Other Growth Curves
    A. When abundant resources is present 1. Exponential
    1. Geometric Growth 2. Logistic
     Successive generations 3. Exponential growth with
    differ in size by a constant discrete generations
    ratio 4. Logistic growth with
     Pulsed reproduction medium time lag
     J-shaped 5. Logistic growth with large
    time lag
    2. Exponential Growth
     Continuous growth in an
    unlimited environment D. Factors affecting Population Growth
     Important during establishment in new environments/ 1. Density-dependent factors
    recovery process  Often influenced by population density
     Cannot continue indefinitely  Biotic factors
     Must eventually slow down and population size level off 2. Density-independent factors
     J-Shaped  Exert their influence on the population independentof its
    density
     Abiotic factors
    B. When resources are depleted
    1. Logistic Growth
     As population size II. LIFE HISTORIES
    increases, growth rate  Series of changes undergone by an organism during its lifetime
    eventually slows (lag)
     S-Shaped growth curve A. Key Concepts
     Carrying Capacity (K) - 1. Large but few vs. Small but many
    number of individuals of  There is a trade-off between the number and size of offspring
    a particular population 2. High adult survival leads to delayed reproductive maturity
    that the environment  Adult survival is lower : reproducing at an earlier age : invest
    can support; population a greater proportion of their energy budget into reproduction
    size at which growth  Adult survival is higher : defer reproduction : smaller
    stops proportion of their resources to reproduction
     N>K; r is negative;  Reproductive effort - allocation of energy, time, and other
    population declines resources to the production and care of offspring
     Energy supplies are allocated to three functions: maintenance,
     N<K; r is negative; population grows
    growth, and reproduction
    B. Population Characteristics
     Fecundity or number of offspring (mx)
     Survival (lx)
     Relative offspring size
     Age at reproductive maturity (α)

    C. Ways of Classifying Life History Patterns


    1. R and K selection

    K-R-R
    2. Plant life histories
    3. Animal life histories
    4. Life history cube

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