Daraga Community College

Salvation, Daraga, Albay

Learning team: 4 Course/Year: BEED 1

Members: Block: 35
1. Efegen L. Mejedana Term: 2 nd Sem.
2. Laarni Grace Matamorosa S.Y. 2022-2023
3. Anelyn Moradillo
4. Joey Albert Mosatalla
5. Jonel Navera
6. Roger Mirandilla
7. Jomarie Naz

Topic: Chapter 5: Typical and Atypical Development Among Children

What is Child Development?

 It refers to the sequence of physical, language, thought and emotional
changes that occur in a child from birth to the beginning of adulthood.
Importance of Child Development
 To ensure that a child meets his/her developmental milestones, it is crucial to
observe and monitor his/her development.
Child Development Theories
 During the early 20th century, interest in child development began, specifically,
that which focused on detecting abnormalities.
Five Stages of Child Development
 Stages, along with age are used as ranges to mark significant periods in a
human development timeline. In each stage, growth and development occur in
the four domains mentioned above.
1. Newborn
 Children from birth to about 2 months of age.
 At this time, newborns exhibit automatic responses to external stimuli.
2. Infant
 Infants develop new abilities quickly in the first year of life.
3. Toddler
 Children ages 1 to 3 years old
 At this time, toddlers learn to walk without help, climb stairs and jump in place.
4. Preschool
 Children ages 3 to 5 years old
 At this time, preschoolers refine their motor skills.
 5. School Age
 Children ages 6 to 12 years old
 They are capable, confident, independent and responsible.

What are the child development theories?

1. Psychosocial Development Theory of Erik Erikson

 Erikson’s theory is composed of 8 stages that describes the changes and conflicts
encountered by an individual through social interaction in a lifetime.

Stages of Psychosocial Development

Stage 1: Trust vs. Mistrust (Infant 1-2 years old)

Stage 2: Autonomy vs Shame and doubt (Toddler 2-4 years old)
Stage 3: Initiative vs. Guilt (Preschooler 4-5 years old)
Stage 4: Industry vs. Inferiority (Grade schooler 5-12 years old)
Stage 5: Identity vs. Role Confusion (Teenager 13-19 years old)
Stage 6: Intimacy vs. Isolation (Young Adult (20-40 years old)
Stage 7: Generativity vs. Stagnation (Middle Age Adult 40-65 years old)
Stage 8: Ego Integrity vs Despair (Older Adult 65-Death)

2. Cognitive Development Theory of Jean Piaget

 Piaget’s Theory focuses not only on how a child’s intelligence increases with age
but also on how children gain knowledge.

3. Sociocultural Theory of Lev Vygotsky

 This theory believes that children learn actively through hands-on experiences.
Culture and social interaction also play an integral role as well.

4. Social Learning Theory of Albert Bandura

 This theory believes that learning takes place through observation and modeling.
As a child observes the actions of the people in the environment, new
information, and new skills are developed.


Typical Development
 It refers to the normal progression where the child grows by acquiring
knowledge, skills, and behavior called developmental milestones at a certain time
frame.

Atypical Development
 It is when development doesn’t follow the normal course. It could include things
like learning and social disabilities and disorders.
How to Identify if a child is developing typically or atypically?
 Rate of development among children
 Development occurs in a relatively orderly process.

Domains of Development
1. Physical Development
 The biogical changes that occur in the body and brain, including changes in size
and strength, integration of sensory and motor activities and development of fine
and gross motor skills.
2. Cognitive Development
 Cognitive Development is defined as the changes in the way we think,
understand, and reason about the world.
3. Social Emotional Development
 This domain is defines as the changes in the way we connect to others and
express and understand emotion.
4. Language Development
 It refers to the process of acquiring language in a consistent order without the
need for explicit teaching from the environment.