Chapter 3 DC to DC Converter (DC Choppers)

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1. A step up chopper has an input voltage of 220V and output voltage of 660V. If the non-
conducting time of thyristor is 100us, calculate the pulse width of output voltage. In case
pulse width is halved for constant frequency operation, find the new output voltage.
(Ans: 200us, 330V)

2. A step down dc chopper operating at 2 kHz from a 100V dc source has a load resistance
of 10Ω and the load time constant of 6ms. Find the
a) min and max values of load current
b) average load current
c) magnitude of ripple current for an average load voltage of 50V.
(Ans: 5.104A, 4.896A, 5A, 0.2083A)

3. A DC buck chopper operates at a frequency of 1 kHz from a 100V DC source supplying

10Ω resistive load. The inductive component of the circuit is 50mH. If the average
output voltage is 50V, find
a) duty cycle
b) on time
c) average value of load current
d) rms value of load voltage
e) Imax and Imin
f) input power
g) peak to peak ripple current
h) peak to peak ripple current if frequency is increased to 5kHz
i) peak to peak ripple current if L is increased to 250mH
(Ans: 0.5, 0.5ms, 5A, 70.7V, 5.25A, 4.75A, 250W, 0.5A, 0.1A, 0.1A)

4. A step down chopper operates at a frequency of 4 kHz from a 25V DC source supplying a
5Ω resistive load. If the output voltage is 15V, find the
a) duty cycle
b) minimum value of L to ensure continuous conduction
c) power from the source
d) power to the load
(Ans: 0.6, 0.25mH, 45W, 45W)

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 Chapter 3 DC to DC Converter (DC Choppers)
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5. A chopper circuit shown in figure below operates at a frequency of 100 Hz with an on

time of 4ms. The average load current is 20A, with a peak to peak ripple of 4A.
Calculate the average value of the source current. (Ans: 8A)

6. A step down chopper operates at a fixed frequency of 100 Hz from a 220V dc source
supplying a load with 1Ω resistance and 10mH inductance. If the output voltage is 60V,
find
a) Ton
b) Toff
c) average output current
d) draw the waveform of Io and ID
(Ans: 2.7ms, 7.3ms, 60A, Imax=81.9A Imin=38.1A)

7. A Buck regulator has an input voltage of Vi = 12V. The required average output voltage
is 5V and the peak to peak output voltage is 20mV. The switching frequency is 25 kHz.
If the peak to peak ripple current of inductor is limited to 0.8A, determine
a) duty cycle
b) value of L and C
(Ans: 0.4167, 145.84uH, 200uF)

8. A boost regulator has an input voltage of 5V. The average output voltage of 15V and the
average load current of 0.5A. The switching frequency is 25 kHz. If L = 150 uH and C =
220 uF, determine
a) duty cycle
b) ripple current of the inductor
c) peak current of inductor
d) ripple voltage of capacitor
(Ans: 0.667, 0.89A, 1.945A, 60.61mV)

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 Chapter 3 DC to DC Converter (DC Choppers)
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9. The step up chopper is supplied from a 110V dc source. The voltage required by the load
is 440V. If the switch is turned on for 0.25ms, find the chopper frequency. (Ans: 3 kHz)

10. A step up chopper operates at a frequency of 1kHz. The source voltage is 100V DC and
load resistance is 2 Ω. If the average value of the load current is 100A, find
a) power dissipated by the load resistor
b) duty cycle
c) average value of source current
(Ans: 20kW, 0.5, 200A)

11. A step up chopper with Vi = 50V, Vo = 75V, L = 2mH, R =2Ω and Ton = 1ms.
Determine
a) duty cycle
b) switching frequency
c) Iin(on) & Io(on)
d) plot Isw & I
(Ans: 0.333, 333.33Hz, 56.25A, 37.5A, 68.7A, 43.7A)

12. A step up chopper supplies power to a 20Ω resistive load at 120V. The source voltage is
40V DC and the load inductance is 0.2mH. The chopper frequency is 4kHz, find
a) duty cycle
b) average value of the source current
c) Ton
d) Imax
e) Imin
(Ans: 0.67, 18A, 166.75µs, 34.68A, 1.32A)

13. A boost regulator has an input voltage of 12V. The average output voltage is 36V and the
average load current is 2.0A. The switching frequency is 20kHz. For L = 150µH and
C=150µF, calculate the values of
a) duty cycle
b) ripple current of inductor
c) peak current of inductor

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d) ripple voltage of capacitor

(Ans: 0.67, 2.68A, 7.4A, 0.45V)

14. Input voltage to the buck regulator is 24V. It gives an output average voltage of 10V with
peak to peak output ripple voltage of 40mV, at a switching frequency of 20kHz. The
peak to peak ripple current of the inductor is limited to 2A. Calculate
a) duty cycle
b) filter inductance, L and capacitance, C
(Ans: 0.42, 147µH, 312.5µF)

15. A dc chopper has an input voltage of 230V and an output voltage of 150V. It is operating
at a frequency of 1kHz. Find the periods of conduction and blocking in each cycle.
(Ans: 0.625ms, 0.348ms)

16. A buck chopper has an input voltage of 200V and a load of 8Ω resistance. **The voltage
drop across thyristor is 2V and the chopping frequency of 800Hz. The duty cycle is 0.4.
Find average output voltage and rms output voltage.
(Ans: 79.2V, 125.23V)

17. A buck chopper having R = 4Ω and L = 6mH, Vi=200V, D = 0.5, f=1000Hz. Find
a) min & max instantaneous values of load current
b) max peak to peak load ripple current
c) average load current
(Ans: 20.83A, 29.17A, 8.34A, 25A)

18. A step down chopper has an input voltage of 300V. It feeds an RL load having R=5Ω.
Chopping frequency is 250 Hz. Find the load inductance so that maximum ripple in load
current is 20% of average load current. Average load current is 30A.
(Ans: 50mH)

19. A step down chopper has an input voltage of 200V and feeds an RL load having R=4Ω.
The chopping frequency is 500 Hz. Average load current is 40A. Find load inductance so
that maximum ripple in load current is 10% of average load current.
(Ans: 25mH)

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 Chapter 3 DC to DC Converter (DC Choppers)
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20. A buck chopper with an input voltage of 220V feeds a load resistance of 10 Ω. The
chopping frequency is 1000 Hz and **voltage drop across thyristor is 2V. If D = 0.5, find
a) average output voltage
b) rms output voltage
c) output power
(Ans: 109V, 154.15V, 2376.2W)

21. A dc chopper is supplying a resistive load. If the input and output voltages are 200V and
120V and chopping frequency is 800Hz, find the periods of conduction and blocking in
each cycle.
(Ans: 0.75ms, 0.5ms)

22. A step up chopper has an input voltage of 100V and output voltage of 300V. The period
of blocking in each cycle is 0.8ms. Find period of conduction.
(Ans: 1.62ms)

23. A step up chopper has an input voltage of 150V. The output voltage needed is 450V.
Given that the thyristor has a conducting time of 150µs.
a) Calculate the chopping frequency.
b) Calculate the new output voltage when the circuit is operating at constant frequency
but half the conducting time.
(Ans: 4.44kHz, 225V)

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